WO2012142958A1 - 替加环素结晶水合物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

替加环素结晶水合物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012142958A1
WO2012142958A1 PCT/CN2012/074409 CN2012074409W WO2012142958A1 WO 2012142958 A1 WO2012142958 A1 WO 2012142958A1 CN 2012074409 W CN2012074409 W CN 2012074409W WO 2012142958 A1 WO2012142958 A1 WO 2012142958A1
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Prior art keywords
tigecycline
hydrate
crystalline hydrate
preparation
acid
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PCT/CN2012/074409
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡梨芳
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Hu Lifang
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Priority to US14/112,876 priority Critical patent/US9475759B2/en
Publication of WO2012142958A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012142958A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C237/00Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups
    • C07C237/24Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C237/26Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring of the carbon skeleton of a ring being part of a condensed ring system formed by at least four rings, e.g. tetracycline
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/65Tetracyclines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/04Antibacterial agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C231/00Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C231/14Preparation of carboxylic acid amides by formation of carboxamide groups together with reactions not involving the carboxamide groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07BGENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/13Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2603/00Systems containing at least three condensed rings
    • C07C2603/02Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems
    • C07C2603/40Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing four condensed rings
    • C07C2603/42Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing four condensed rings containing only six-membered rings
    • C07C2603/44Naphthacenes; Hydrogenated naphthacenes
    • C07C2603/461,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a- Octahydronaphthacenes, e.g. tetracyclines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical technology, and in particular to providing an antibacterial drug, tigecycline crystalline hydrate, a preparation method thereof and use thereof.
  • BACKGROUND ART disclosed in the literature report only tigecycline (Tigecycline, C 29 H 39 N 5 0 8, molecular weight: 585. 65, Cas No: 220620-09-7 ) or amorphous tigecycline
  • Tigecycline is a well-known tetracycline antibiotic and is an analog of minocycline. It has ultra-broad spectrum antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo. It can be used against resistant bacteria and has been found to be ineffective in the treatment of other antibiotics.
  • the present invention relates to an antibacterial drug tigecycline crystalline hydrate, a preparation method and use thereof, and further relates to an antibacterial drug, that is, tigecycline pharmaceutically acceptable crystalline hydrate, and a preparation method thereof
  • the tigecycline containing crystal water obtained by the present invention surprisingly, the tigecycline containing crystal water has much lower wettability than the tigecycline anhydrate, and the tigecycline containing crystal water is substituted.
  • the cyclin anhydrate is more stable, easy to store and transport, and easy to make into a preparation. Further, the deliquescent of the anhydrate causes the air to be prevented from blocking or the like during the treatment, and the crystalline hydrate has a good slidability, thereby improving the workability of the preparation.
  • Crystallization Solids have chemical and physical stability above the amorphous form and low crystallinity form, and they can also exhibit improved hygroscopicity, bulk properties, and or flow.
  • the thermal analysis (TG-DSC or TG-DTA) pattern of the hydrate of the present invention has a corresponding endothermic peak under the weightless platform, and the thermal analysis spectrum shows tigecycline crystal hydration. , tigecycline 0.5 hydrate, and the like.
  • This product is a red to orange-yellow crystalline powder; if the crystal product is red to orange-yellow crystal hydrate from the system of water and one of acetone, diethyl ether and ethanol, its color is better than that of anhydrous, which helps Reduce its clinical adverse reactions and improve the safety of drugs.
  • the tigecycline crystalline hydrate of the present invention can be stably stored.
  • the tigecycline hydrate and anhydrate samples were subjected to a wettability test: about 5 g of tigecycline anhydrate and the hydrate of the present invention, placed in a dry constant weight watch glass, accurately weighed, 25 ° C, relative humidity is 70%, samples were taken at the test Oh and 16h, respectively, and the percentage of wet weight gain was calculated.
  • the results showed that the anhydrate has a much higher wettability than the hydrate of the present invention, and the tigecycline of the present invention.
  • the results of better stable storage of crystalline hydrates are shown in Table 1.
  • the tigecycline crystalline hydrate was sealed in a vial and subjected to an accelerated stability test for 6 months at RH 75% and 30 ° C.
  • the tigecycline HPLC method was used to determine the conditions: Q 8 (250 mmX) 4.6mm, 5 ⁇ ) acetonitrile: phosphate buffer (1. 29g of citric acid, 2.76g of anhydrous sodium hydrogen phosphate, dissolved in water and diluted to 1000ml) (80: 20) as mobile phase; detection wavelength is 248nm,
  • the column temperature was room temperature, the flow rate was 1 ml/min, and the content and related substances were determined. As a result, the content was found to be stable, and the related substances did not increase significantly, and the increase in epimers was significantly lower than that of the control.
  • the test results show that the tigecycline crystalline hydrate of the present invention has good storage stability.
  • the preparation of the tigecycline derivative, tigecycline crystalline hydrate comprises the following method:
  • Minocycline hydrochloride (1) is dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid previously cooled to 0 ° C, then slowly added potassium nitrate or fuming nitric acid at -5 ° C, after the addition is -5-5 ° Stirring for 1.5 hours at C; slowly adding pre-cooled C 5 -C 1 () linear or branched alkane or cycloalkane, filtering, washing with ice C 5 -C 1Q linear or branched alkane or naphthenic The solid was collected and dried under vacuum at 40-50 ° C to give yellow 9-nitrominocycline disulfate (2).
  • 9-nitrominocycline disulfate (2) 2% palladium on carbon and 2N sulfuric acid solution and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether in a mixed solution, pressurized hydrogenation for about 1.5 hours or hydrogenation at atmospheric pressure, reaction for 4 hours Left and right, filter off the catalyst, the filtrate is slowly added to the dC 6 low molecular alcohol or C 5 -C 1Q linear or branched alkane or naphthene at 0-5 °C, filtered to obtain yellowish crystals, at 40 ° C Vacuum drying, 9-aminominocycline disulfate (3).
  • 9-aminominocycline is directly acylated with N-tert-butylacetyl chloride or N-tert-butyl acetate
  • reaction solution is poured into one or several solutions of dC 6 low molecular alcohol, C 2 -C 6 lower nitrile, or C 2 -C 8 lower ether, and concentrated by hydrochloric acid crystallization, filtered Yellow crystals, tigecycline hydrochloride (5 * HCl).
  • Tigecycline hydrochloride is dissolved in deionized water, 10% ammonia water is adjusted to a pH of about 7.0, crystals are precipitated, filtered, and the solid water is combined with a low-substituted halogenated hydrocarbon of C r C 6 or a lower ketone of C 3 -C 8 .
  • a yellow precipitate is collected by filtration, a small amount of a C 3 -C 8 lower ketone, Ci-C 6 Washing with low molecular weight alcohol, C 2 -C 6 lower nitrile, C 2 -C 8 lower ester, C 2 -C 8 lower ether in one or several solvents, vacuum drying of 9-bromo at 40 ° C Acetylminocycline hydrobromide (4a,) or 9-chloroacetamicycline hydrochloride (4b) wherein the weight-to-volume ratio used in the reaction can generally be: 9-aminomino Cyclic disulf
  • the crystallization or recrystallization solvent of the tigecycline crystal hydrate is selected from the group consisting of water and an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of C 3 -C 8 lower ketones, C 2 -C 6 lower nitriles, dC 6 low molecular alcohols, C the lower 2 -C 8 ethers, C 2 -C 8 esters of lower, 6 dC low substituted in one or more aromatic hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons of 12; crystalline tigecycline crystallization or recrystallization solvent, Preference is given to one or more of water and acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, diethyl ether, isopropyl ether or benzene.
  • the volume ratio of water to organic solvent used in the crystallization or recrystallization process of the present invention is generally 1: 5 to 200, wherein the volume of water and organic solvent used in the crystallization or recrystallization process is preferably 1: 50 to 100. , wherein the volume ratio of water to organic solvent used in the crystallization or recrystallization process is better Selected as 1: 50 ⁇ 98.
  • the number of carbon atoms of the lower alcohol or the lower molecular alcohol in the present invention is defined as dC 6 (i.e., an alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, etc.; C 2 -C 6
  • the lower carbon number of the nitrile is defined as C 2 -C 6 , such as acetonitrile, propionitrile, etc.
  • the lower or lower molecular ether of C 2 -C 8 has an ether number of 2-8 carbon atoms, such as diethyl ether.
  • the lower halogenated hydrocarbon has a carbon number defined as C r C 6 (ie 1-6 carbon atoms), including dichloromethane, dichloroethane, chloroform, etc.; lower ester carbon
  • the number of atoms is defined as C 2 -C 8 (ie 2-8 carbon atoms), including butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ethyl formate, etc.
  • the number of carbon atoms of a low molecular linear or branched alkane or cycloalkane is defined as C 5 -C 10 (ie 5-10 carbon atoms), including pentane, n-hexane, cyclohexane, petroleum ether, etc.
  • the number of carbon atoms of the low molecular aromatic hydrocarbon is defined as C 6 -C 12 (ie 6-12 Carbon atoms), including benzene, toluene, etc.;
  • the product of the present invention may be dried at different temperatures (e.g., 20-60 ° C), drying time (1 hour to several days), or with other desiccant (including silica gel, phosphorus pentoxide, anhydrous chlorination).
  • the final product is dried under ambient conditions of calcium, anhydrous sodium sulfate, etc., or by atmospheric or reduced pressure.
  • the drying temperature is preferably 25-45 °C.
  • the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising any one or more of tigecycline crystalline hydrate prepared by the process of the invention, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • the invention further provides a process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation comprising the combination of any one or more of tigecycline crystalline hydrate prepared by the process of the invention and at least one or a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • the present invention further provides tigecycline crystalline hydrates, such as tigecycline 0.5 hydrate, dihydrate, tetrahydrate, etc., in the preparation for the treatment of infections, including bacterial infections, Gram-positive and or Gram-negative infections. And use in a pharmaceutical composition for lethal factor infection.
  • tigecycline crystalline hydrates such as tigecycline 0.5 hydrate, dihydrate, tetrahydrate, etc.
  • the tigecycline crystalline hydrate of the present invention is used for preparing a composition containing the tigecycline crystalline hydrate, the composition comprising a solid preparation of tigecycline crystal hydrate, a suppository, an injection, wherein the injection includes an injection It is prepared by lyophilized powder injection; and can be used to prepare tigecycline anhydrate.
  • the preparation of the anhydrate can be obtained by the different method of drying the crystalline hydrate of the present invention, which can be prepared at different temperatures (such as 50-100 ° C), drying time (1 hour to 48 h), or with other desiccants ( Including silica gel, molecular sieve, phosphorus pentoxide, sodium hydroxide, anhydrous carbonic acid Drying the final product under ambient conditions of sodium, anhydrous calcium chloride, anhydrous sodium sulfate, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, etc., or by using atmospheric or reduced pressure, or by first discharging water from benzene. The method is obtained by drying in combination with other drying methods described herein.
  • Solid preparations of tigecycline crystalline hydrate include tablets, capsules, granules, etc.; tablets (including buccal tablets, fast disintegrating tablets, effervescent tablets, soluble tablets, vaginal tablets, etc.), capsules (including vaginal capsules) a granule, which may contain a pharmaceutically acceptable filler such as starch, modified starch, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, cyclodextrin, sorbitol, mannitol, calcium phosphate, amino acids, etc.; pharmaceutically acceptable Disintegrating agents, such as starch, modified starch, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl starch, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone, low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, surfactant
  • sodium lauryl sulfate etc.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable wetting agents and binders such as gelatinized starch, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, seaweed Acids and their salts
  • pharmaceutically acceptable lubricants and glidants such as stearic acid, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol 4000-8000, talc, micronized silica gel, magnesium lauryl sulfate, etc.
  • Acceptable sweeteners and flavors such as aspartame, cyclamate, sodium saccharin, sucralose, food flavors, and the like.
  • composition for preparing a tablet or capsule filling may be prepared by wet granulation in which some or all of the active ingredient or the excipient in powder form is mixed and then further in the presence of a liquid. Mixing, this causes the powder to clot into particles. The particles are sieved and or ground, dried, and then sieved to the desired particle size, which may then be tableted, or other excipients such as glidants and/or lubricants may be added prior to preparation.
  • compositions prepared as tablets can generally be prepared by dry mixing.
  • the composition of the active ingredient and excipients may be compacted into small pieces or flakes which are then comminuted into compacted granules which can then be compressed into tablets.
  • the mixed composition can be directly compressed by dry film and directly compressed to obtain a more uniform tablet.
  • Excipients that are particularly suitable for direct compression include microcrystalline cellulose, spray dried calcium lactate phosphate, and colloidal silica. The proper use of these and other excipients in direct compression is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the capsule filling of the present invention may comprise any of the above-mentioned mixtures and particles or granules, the description of which is prepared as a tablet, but they are not subjected to the final step of preparing into a tablet.
  • the crystal hydrate of the present invention is different from the deliquescent of the anhydrate so that the air is prevented from being blocked during the treatment, and the crystalline hydrate has good slidability, thereby improving the operability of the preparation; and preparing the solid preparation with It has good dissolution properties, making it easy to be absorbed into the blood circulation, improving bioavailability, and facilitating its rapid function. On the other hand, it prevents it from appearing in the aseptic dispensing process, which is not easy to cause clogging due to moisture absorption, resulting in a difference in the amount of the load, resulting in insufficient dosage, resulting in product failure, or because of unqualified products.
  • the lyophilized powder preparation is prepared by: taking tigecycline crystal hydrate, adding a pharmaceutically acceptable solubilizer, a pharmaceutically acceptable lyophilized support or a co-agent, a stabilizer, water for injection, and stirring Dissolve, adjust the pH to 4.0 ⁇ 7.5 with pharmaceutically acceptable acid and base, add activated carbon 0.005 ⁇ 0.5% (W/V) and stir for 15 ⁇ 45min, filter, hydrate, sterile filtration, press 25 ⁇ 100mg / bottle (to Main drug meter) sub-packaging, freeze-drying, tamping,
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable support or co-agent may be one or more of glucose, lactose, xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, dextran, etc., including anhydrous, aqueous or solvated carbohydrates.
  • lactose includes anhydrous lactose, lactose monohydrate and the like.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable cosolvent may be a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acid, an inorganic base or an organic base, or a Lewis acid or a base in a broad sense, may contain one or more, and may be hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid. , propionic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, boric acid, polyhydroxycarboxylic acids such as glucuronic acid, gluconic acid, lactobionic acid, malic acid, threonic acid, glucoheptonic acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzene
  • acid amino acid such as one or more of aspartic acid, glutamic acid and the like.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable pH adjusting agent may be a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acid, an inorganic base or an organic base, or a Lewis acid or a base in a broad sense, and may contain one or more kinds, and may be hydrochloric acid.
  • Phosphoric acid, propionic acid, acetic acid and acetate such as sodium acetate, lactic acid and lactic acid pharmaceutically acceptable salts, citric acid pharmaceutically acceptable salts, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, phosphoric acid Salt, tartaric acid and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, borax, boric acid, succinic acid, caproic acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, polyhydroxycarboxylic acid and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, such as glucuronic acid, One or more of gluconic acid, lactobionic acid, malic acid, threonic acid, glucoheptonic acid and the like.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable antioxidants and stabilizers thereof may be sulfurous acid, sulfite, bisulfite, pyrosulfite, dithionite, thiosulfate, organic sulfur compound thiourea, glutathione Glycopeptide, dimercaptopropanol, thioglycolic acid and salt, thiolactic acid and salt, thiodipropionic acid and salt, phenolic compounds such as gallic acid and salt, Caffeic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, ferulic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, di-tert-butyl-p-phenol, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid or a salt thereof, salicylic acid or a salt thereof; ascorbic acid and ascorbate, isoascorbic acid And one or more of isoascorbate, nicotinamide, tartaric acid, nitrate, phosphate, pharmaceutically acceptable salt of acetic acid, citrate, EDTA and
  • the heat removal source and the sterilization method may be a dehydration source of the activated carbon added to the liquid amount of 0. 005 to 3 %, a microporous membrane sterilization and hot pressing sterilization, or an ultrafiltration sterilization or deheating source.
  • the ultrafilter may be a flat plate type, a coil type, a tube type, a hollow fiber type or a round box type, etc., preferably a roll type and a hollow fiber type ultrafilter, and the molecular weight of the interception is 50,000 to 300,000.
  • the filter removes the remaining heat source by using an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight of 4000 to 30000, preferably an ultrafiltration membrane having a molecular weight of 6000 to 30000.
  • suppository consists of tigecycline crystalline hydrate (weight ratio is generally 1-4%), and the rest is composed of suppository matrix, which may be ethanol, glycerin, glycerin gelatin, polyethyl Glycol 200-8000, poloxamer, petrolatum, semi-synthetic hard fatty acid ester (including stearic acid polyoxyl (40) fat, propylene glycol stearate, fatty acid glyceride, etc.), carbomer series (931, One or more of 934, 940, 974, etc., Tween 60-80, etc., and the suppository may contain other pharmaceutically acceptable additives such as stabilizers and absorption enhancers.
  • suppository matrix which may be ethanol, glycerin, glycerin gelatin, polyethyl Glycol 200-8000, poloxamer, petrolatum, semi-synthetic hard fatty acid ester (including stearic acid polyoxy
  • Preparation method Mix the main drug with the substrate, heat it in a water bath, stir it, melt it, stir it until it is evenly poured into the suppository mold which has been coated with the lubricant, until it is slightly overflowed, and then flatten it after cooling. .
  • the tigecycline crystalline hydrate of the invention is suitable for: preparing a respiratory system of human or animal caused by Gram-positive or negative bacteria-sensitive bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, chlamydia, mycoplasma, hepatobiliary system, facial features, Use in the treatment or prevention of diseases such as genitourinary infections, bone and joint infections, skin and soft tissue infections, endocarditis, sepsis, meningitis, etc.
  • Dosage usage Under normal circumstances, for tigecycline crystal hydrate, intramuscular injection: once 0.05g ⁇ 0.10g, 1-2 times a day; children by weight loss. Intravenous injection: once 0.05g ⁇ 0.10g, 1 ⁇ 2 times a day; children are dosed according to body weight loss, divided into 1 ⁇ 2 times. Add appropriate amount of sterile water for injection or sodium chloride injection before use.
  • the solid preparation is administered by oral or topical administration, including vaginal administration, vaginal tablets and vaginal capsules.
  • Usage Generally, the amount commonly used in adults: 1-2 times a day, 0.05g ⁇ 0.10 each time g; Usage of suppository: Adult dose 0.05g ⁇ 0.10g / time, 1-2 times a day.
  • Figure 1 is a thermogram of tigecycline 0.5 hydrate (Example 1).
  • Figure 2 is a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of tigecycline 0.5 hydrate (Example 1).
  • Figure 3 is a thermogram of tigecycline 2 hydrate (Example 2).
  • Figure 4 is a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of tigecycline 2 hydrate (Example 2).
  • Figure 5 is a thermogram of tigecycline 4 hydrate (Example 3).
  • the term "obtained” refers to a compound isolated at a valuable level of purity including, but not limited to, purity levels greater than 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, and 99%. .
  • the level of purity can be determined by high performance liquid chromatography.
  • composition refers to a composition of a drug, which may contain at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • solutions or suspensions for parenteral, intradermal, subcutaneous, or topical application may include sterile diluents (for example, water for injection, saline solutions, fixed oils, and the like); synthetic fatty vehicles (for example, Polyethylene glycol, Gan Oil, propylene glycol, etc.; antibacterial agents (for example, benzyl alcohol, methyl p-hydroxypropionate, ethyl p-hydroxypropionate, etc.); antioxidants (eg, ascorbic acid, sodium bisulfite, etc.); chelating agents (eg, EDTA) Etc.); buffers (phosphate, citrate, etc.); and or for osmotic pressure regulating substances (eg, sodium chloride, glucose, etc.), or mixtures thereof
  • sterile diluents for example, water for injection, saline solutions, fixed oils, and the like
  • synthetic fatty vehicles for example, Polyethylene glycol, Gan Oil, propylene glycol, etc.
  • antibacterial agents for
  • tigecycline may optionally be combined with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and may be administered orally in the form of tablets, capsules, dispersible powders, granules or Suspensions containing, for example, about 0.05-5% suspending agent, syrups containing, for example, about 10-50% sucrose, formulations containing, for example, about 20-50% ethanol; or in the form of sterile solutions or suspensions
  • the suspension is in an isotonic medium and contains 0.05-5% of a suspending agent, and these pharmaceutical preparations may contain, for example, from about 25% to about 90% of the active ingredient and carrier, and more usually 5 % to 60% by weight of active active ingredient.
  • Thermal analysis test conditions Setaram Setsys 16, sample volume of about 3-10mg, heating rate: lOK / min, N 2 flow rate: 50ml / min, temperature: room temperature ⁇ 400 ° C or so.
  • the thermal analysis (TG-DTA or TG-DSC) pattern of the hydrate of the present invention has a corresponding endothermic peak under the weightless platform, and the thermal analysis spectrum shows the crystallization of tigecycline.
  • a hydrate such as 0.5 hydrate, 2 hydrate, tetrahydrate, etc., and the same crystalline hydrate may have a different crystal form; it is worth noting that the thermal analysis spectrum of tigecycline 2 hydrate is from 25 ° C
  • the characteristic of the TG curve is approximately as a platform between 50 °C, and there is almost no obvious weight loss phenomenon. However, it shows obvious weight loss from 53 °C to 115 °C.
  • the Karl Fischer test proves the weight loss. For water molecules.
  • the tigecycline 0.5 hydrate of the present invention may have a corresponding position at a position including the following 2 ⁇ in the measurement range of the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ (3-60°) as measured by powder X-ray diffractometry.
  • Characteristic values (Fig. 2): approximately 5.06, 8.2, 10.2, 11.0, 13.1, 13.5, 14.6, 15.4, 16.6, 17.6, 18.9, 19.2, 19.6, 21.0, 21.3, 22.3, 23.0, 24.6, 26, 26.4, 26.8, 27.4, 40.0, 40.2 0
  • the tigecycline 2 hydrate of the present invention may have a position including a value of 2 ⁇ as follows, measured by a powder X-ray diffractometry, within a measurement range of diffraction angle 2 ⁇ (3-60°)
  • the corresponding characteristic values are approximately 5.03, 9.08, 10.06, 10.58, 11.56, 13.17, 14.38, 15.29, 17.55, 18.51, 19.67, 20.28, 21.31, 22.16, 22.79, 26.51, 29.31, 30.51, 33.92.
  • the tigecycline crystalline hydrate of the present invention can be stably stored.
  • the tigecycline hydrate and the anhydrate and tigecycline amorphous samples were subjected to the wettability test: tigecycline anhydrate was separately taken (the sample prepared according to the method of Example 1 was hydrated with tigecycline 0.5).
  • the product obtained by drying, the tigecycline amorphous substance (prepared by the method of CN101367747A) and the hydrate of the present invention are about 5g, placed in a dry constant weight watch glass, accurately weighed, 25 ° C, relative humidity is About 70%, samples were taken at the test Oh and 12h, respectively, and the percentage of wet weight gain was calculated.
  • the results showed that the anhydrate has a much higher wettability than the hydrate of the present invention, and the tigecycline crystal hydrate of the present invention can See Table 1 for better stable storage results.
  • Minocycline hydrochloride (1, 100g, 0.202mol) is dissolved in 300ml of concentrated sulfuric acid previously cooled to 0 ° C, Then, at -5-5 ° C, slowly add potassium nitrate (22.4g, 0.24mol or fuming nitric acid 11.3ml, 0.24mol), and continue to stir at -5-5 ° C for 1.5 hours after the addition; Add 2.4 L of pre-cooled cyclohexane, filter, wash with a small amount of ice-hexane, collect solid, and dry under vacuum at 40-50 ° C to obtain yellow 9-nitrominocycline disulfate (2, 124.8 g , about 90%).
  • 9-aminominocycline is directly acylated with N-tert-butylacetyl chloride or N-tert-butyl acetate
  • the mixture was crystallized from concentrated hydrochloric acid, and filtered to give the crystals of ytjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjs.
  • the tigecycline hydrochloride was dissolved in deionized water, the pH was adjusted to about 7.0 with 10% aqueous ammonia, and an orange solid was precipitated.
  • Example 2 Preparation of tigecycline 2 hydrate 9-bromoacetylamminocycline hydrobromic acid in a reaction flask
  • the salt (15 g, 0.022 mol) was mixed with tert-butylamine (11.6 ml, EtOAc) and 100 ml of methanol, and stirred at room temperature for 30 min, and filtered to leave a precipitate. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Example 3 Preparation of tigecycline 4 hydrate
  • 9-chloroacetamicycline hydrochloride 10 g, 12.9 g, 0.022 mol
  • t-butylamine 11.6 ml, Ol lmol
  • the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • the residue is crystallized from methanol and water, then recrystallized from methanol and water, and placed under 4 ° C overnight, suction filtration, solid drying at 40 ° C vacuum drying 2 hours, red orange crystals, tigecycline 4 hydrate (8.3 g); MS (FAB): m/z: 586.
  • Example 4 Preparation of lyophilized preparation 10 g of tigecycline hydrate (prepared according to the method of Example 1 or Example 2 or the method of Example 3 or Example 4), stirred with hydrochloric acid to dissolve, and 10 g of mannitol was added.
  • EDTA disodium 0.05g add about 160 ⁇ 220ml of water for injection saturated with nitrogen, stir to dissolve, adjust the pH to 5.5 ⁇ 7.0 with about 1M phosphoric acid and disodium hydrogen phosphate solution, add activated carbon 0.01 ⁇ 0.5% (W /V) Stir for 15-30min, filter, filter with 0.22 micron microporous membrane, dispense in 0.05g / bottle or O.lg / bottle, vacuum freeze dry, tampon, to obtain the finished product.
  • Example 5 Preparation of lyophilized preparation 10 g of tigecycline hydrate (prepared according to the method of Example 1 or Example 2 or prepared by the method of Example 3 or Example 4), stirred with hydrochloric acid to dissolve, 10 g of lactose, EDTA Add 0.05g of disodium, add about 160 ⁇ 220ml of water for injection saturated with nitrogen, stir to dissolve, adjust pH to 4.5 ⁇ 7.0 with about 1M phosphoric acid and disodium hydrogen phosphate solution, add activated carbon 0.01 ⁇ 0.5% (W/ V) Stir for 15-30min, filter, filter with 0.22 micron microporous membrane, dispense in 0.05g / bottle or O.lg / bottle, vacuum freeze dry, tampon, get the finished product
  • Example 7 Tigecycline 2 hydrate tablet (50 mg/tablet)
  • Example 8 Tigecycline 0.5 hydrate tablet (100 mg/tablet)
  • Example 9 Preparation of tigecycline hydrate capsule of the present invention (main drug 50 mg/granule)
  • cysteine hydrochloride tigecycline 0.5 hydrate prepared according to the method of Example 1 or Example 2 or the method of Example 3 or Example 4) Prepare) and cysteine hydrochloride through a 100 mesh sieve, mix and fill the capsules.
  • Example 10 Preparation of tigecycline hydrate capsule of the present invention (main drug lOOmg/granule)
  • Cysteine hydrochloride 4 g tigecycline 2 hydrate (prepared according to Example 3 or Example 4) and cysteine hydrochloride were respectively passed through a 100 mesh sieve, mixed, and filled into capsules.
  • Example 11 Suppositories of tigecycline crystalline hydrate (50 mg/capsule)
  • Tigecycline crystalline hydrate prepared according to Example 1 or Example 2 or prepared in Example 3 or Example 4
  • glycerin polyethylene glycol 1500, polyethylene glycol 4000, poloxamer, Mix EDTA disodium, heat in a water bath, stir, melt, stir until evenly, pour into the mold of the lubricant-coated suppository, slightly spill the plug mold, cool and flatten, and get off.

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Description

Figure imgf000003_0001
替加环素结晶水合物及其制备方法和用途 技术领域 本发明涉及医药技术领域, 具体地说是提供抗菌药物——替加环素结晶水合物及 其制备方法和用途。 背景技术 目前, 公开的文献仅报道了替加环素 (Tigecycline, C29H39N508, 分子量: 585. 65, Cas No:220620-09-7 ) 或无定形的替加环素, 替加环素是公知的四环素类抗生素, 并为米 诺环素的类似物, 在体内体外均有超广谱抗菌活性, 可以用来对抗耐药菌, 并已发现 其对其它抗生素治疗失败时它依然有效 [参考文献 1、 Sader HS, Farrell DJ, Jones R . Tigecycline activity tested against multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter spp. isolated in US medical centers (2005-2009). Diagn Microbiol Infect Pis. 2011, 69(2): 223-7; 参考文献 2、 George A. Pankey, Tigecycline, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2005) 56, 470-4801。 替加环素向医生们提供了一种新的、 可在治疗初期 当病因尚未明了时供选择的广谱抗生素, 并且不需根据肾功能受损情况调整剂量, 使 用方便, 一般每 12小时使用一次即可。
到目前为止, 国内外尚没有公开的文献报道替加环素结晶水合物及其制备方法和 用途。
发明内容 本发明所涉及的是抗菌药物替加环素结晶水合物及其制备方法和用途, 进一步说, 是涉及抗菌药物, 即替加环素药学上可接受的结晶水合物及其制备方法和用途, 其分 子式为 C29H39N5(V nH20, n=0. 4〜2之间的数字, 包括 0.5、 1.5、 2、 4等。
本发明获得的含有结晶水的替加环素, 令人惊奇的是, 含有结晶水的替加环素引 湿性远低于替加环素无水物, 含有结晶水的替加环素比替加环素无水物更能稳定的存 在, 便于储存和运输, 易于制成制剂。 此外, 无水物的潮解使得在处理时要隔绝空气 防止粘连等, 而结晶性的水合物具有良好的滑动性, 从而改善制剂的可操作性。 结晶 固体具有高于无定形形式和低结晶度形式的化学稳定性和物理稳定性, 它们还可表现 为提高的吸湿性、 本体性能和或流动性。
新的多晶型的药物上的有用的化合物的发现提供了新的机会一便提高药物产品的 作用特性, 它扩大了制剂科学家设计例如具有目标释放曲线或者其它期望特性的药物 的药物剂型而获得的材料的库, 本领域需要替加环素结晶水合物或其多晶形。
令人惊奇的是, 特征性的, 本发明的水合物的热分析 (TG-DSC 或者 TG-DTA)图 谱的失重平台下具有对应的吸热峰, 热分析图谱显示出替加环素结晶水合物、 替加环 素 0.5水合物等。本品为红色至橙黄色结晶性粉末; 如从水和丙酮、 乙醚、 乙醇其中之 一的体系放置结晶产物为红色至橙黄色结晶水合物, 其色泽均好于无水物, 这有助于 降低其临床上不良反应, 提高药物的安全性。
本发明的替加环素结晶水合物能稳定存储。 将替加环素水合物和无水物样品进行 引湿性试验: 取替加环素无水物和本发明的水合物约 5g, 置于干燥恒重的表面皿中, 精密称重, 25 °C、相对湿度为 70 %, 分别于试验 Oh和 16h取样, 计算引湿增重的百分率, 结果显示, 无水物引湿性比本发明的水合物都高得多, 本发明的替加环素结晶水合物 能更好地稳定存储结果见表 1。在 RH75%、 30°C条件下, 将替加环素结晶水合物分别密 闭与西林瓶中进行 6个月的加速稳定性试验, 参照文献的替加环素 HPLC法测定条件: Q8(250mmX 4.6mm, 5μηι)乙腈:磷酸盐缓冲液(取柠檬酸 1. 29g,无水磷酸氢二钠 2. 76g, 加水溶解并稀释至 1000ml ) ( 80: 20) 为流动相; 检测波长为 248nm, 柱温为室温, 流 速 lml/min, 测定含量和有关物质, 结果发现其含量保持稳定, 有关物质无明显增加, 差向异构体增加幅度明显低于对照物。 试验结果说明本发明的替加环素结晶水合物具 有良好的存储稳定性。
替加环素衍生物——替加环素结晶水合物的制备包括如下方法:
方法 A.
1 ) 9-硝基米诺环素的制备
盐酸米诺环素 (1 ) 溶解于预先冷却到 0°C的浓硫酸中, 然后在 -5-5 °C下, 缓缓加 入硝酸钾或发烟硝酸, 加完后在 -5-5 °C下继续搅拌 1.5小时; 缓缓加入的预冷的 C5-C1() 直链或支链烷烃或环烷烃, 过滤, 用冰 C5-C1Q直链或支链烷烃或环烷烃洗涤, 收集固 体, 40-50°C下真空干燥得黄色的 9-硝基米诺环素二硫酸盐 (2)。
其中, 反应中所使用的重量体积比一般可为: 盐酸米诺环素 (g): 浓硫酸(ml): 硝 酸钾 (g) 或发烟硝酸: C5-C1Q直链或支链烷烃或环烷烃(ml) =100: 300〜330: 20〜25 或 ( l l-13ml): 1500〜3000。
2) 9-氨基米诺环素的制备
9-硝基米诺环素二硫酸盐 (2), 2%钯炭与 2N的硫酸溶液以及乙二醇单甲醚的混合 溶液中, 加压氢化 1.5小时左右或常压氢化, 反应 4小时左右, 滤除催化剂, 滤液缓缓加 入到 0-5 °C的 d-C6的低分子醇或 C5-C1Q直链或支链烷烃或环烷烃中,过滤得微黄结晶, 40°C下真空干燥, 为 9-氨基米诺环素二硫酸盐 (3 )。
其中, 反应中所使用的重量体积比一般可为: 9-硝基米诺环素二硫酸盐 (g 2N的 硫酸(ml): 2%钯炭 (g) : 乙二醇单甲醚(ml): CrC6的低分子醇或 C5-C1Q直链或支链 烷烃或环烷烃 (ml) =100: 200〜350: 300〜500: 2000〜4000。
3 ) 替加环素结晶水合物的制备
9-氨基米诺环素以 N-叔丁基乙酰氯或 N-叔丁基乙酸直接酰化
9-氨基米诺环素二硫酸盐, 碳酸氢钠或碳酸钠或碳酸钾, 混悬于 1,3-二甲基丙 撑脲和 C2-C6的低级腈的混合溶剂中, 室温搅拌下滴加 N-叔丁基乙酰氯和 1,3-二甲基 丙撑脲 / C2-C6的低级腈的溶液, 继续搅拌 30min, 反应毕, 加入 CrC6的低分子醇终止 反应; 反应液倾入 d-C6的低分子醇、 C2-C6的低级腈、 或 C2-C8的低级醚中的一种或 几种溶液中, 并加入浓盐酸析晶, 过滤得黄色结晶, 为替加环素盐酸盐(5 * HC1)。 替 加环素盐酸盐溶解在去离子水中, 10%氨水调节 pH为 7.0左右, 析出结晶, 过滤, 固 体用水与 CrC6的低取代卤代烃、 C3-C8的低级酮、 CrC6的低分子醇、 C2-C6的低级腈、 C2-C8的低级酯、 C2-C8的低级醚或 C6-C12的芳香烃中一种或几种进行一次或几次重结 晶, 真空干燥得到替加环素结晶水合物。
其中, 反应中所使用的重量体积比一般可为: 9-氨基米诺环素二硫酸盐 (g): 碳酸 氢钠或碳酸钠或碳酸钾 (g) : 1,3-二甲基丙撑脲和 C2-C6的低级腈(ml): N-叔丁基乙酰 氯 (g) : 1,3-二甲基丙撑脲和 C2-C6的低级腈 (ml, N-叔丁基乙酰氯的溶剂): d-C6的 低分子醇(ml): d-C6的低分子醇、 C2-C6的低级腈或 C2-C8的低级醚(ml)=20: 15〜: 40: 200〜300: 9〜10: 200〜800: 10〜30: 200〜1000。 或者方法 B.
1 ) 9-卤代乙酰氨基米诺环素的制备 9-硝基米诺环素二硫酸盐 (20g, 0.03mol), 与 1,3-二甲基丙撑脲 (400ml) 和乙腈 ( 100ml)混悬,室温下加入碳酸钠(20g)搅拌 30min,然后慢慢滴加入溴乙酰溴( 12.2g, 0.06mol)或氯乙酰氯(6.68g, 0.06mol), 加完后继续搅拌 1小时, 过滤除去固体物质, 滤液慢慢倾入 20-60倍量 [与 9-硝基米诺环素二硫酸盐的重量: 体积比 (g:ml)]的 C3-C8 的低级酮、 CrC6的低分子醇、 C2-C6的低级腈、 C2-C8的低级酯、 C2-C8的低级醚中一 种或几种的溶液中,过滤收集黄色沉淀,少量 C3-C8的低级酮、 Ci-C6的低分子醇、 C2-C6 的低级腈、 C2-C8的低级酯、 C2-C8的低级醚中一种或几种溶剂洗涤, 40°C下真空干燥 的 9-溴代乙酰氨米诺环素氢溴酸盐 (4a,) 或 9-氯代乙酰氨米诺环素盐酸盐 (4b) 其中, 反应中所使用的重量体积比一般可为: 9-氨基米诺环素二硫酸盐 (g 1,3- 二甲基丙撑脲和 C2-C6的低级腈 (ml): 碳酸氢钠或碳酸钠或碳酸钾 (g) : 溴乙酰溴或 氯乙酰氯: CrC6的低分子醇(ml): CrC6的低分子醇、 C2-C6的低级腈或 C2-C8的低级 醚 (ml) =20: 200〜300: 15〜: 40: 6.7〜13: 400〜1200。
2)替加环素结晶水合物的制备
9-卤代乙酰氨基米诺环素被叔丁胺氨化
9-溴代乙酰氨米诺环素氢溴酸盐或 9-氯代乙酰氨米诺环素盐酸盐与叔丁胺以及 d-C6的低分子醇混合, 室温搅拌 20-60min, 过滤出去沉淀; 滤液减压浓縮, 残留物用 水与 CrC6的低取代卤代烃、 C3-C8的低级酮、 d-C6的低分子醇、 C2-C6的低级腈、 C2-C8 的低级酯、 C2-C8的低级醚或 C6-C12的芳香烃中一种或几种进行一次或几次重结晶, 过 滤, 得到替加环素结晶水合物。
其中, 反应中所使用的重量体积比一般可为: 9-溴代乙酰氨米诺环素氢溴酸盐或 9-氯代乙酰氨米诺环素盐酸盐 (g): 叔丁胺(ml): CrC6的低分子醇 (ml) =10〜15 : 10〜 20: 100〜200。
替加环素结晶水合物的结晶或重结晶溶剂选自水与有机溶剂,有机溶剂选自 C3-C8 的低级酮、 C2-C6的低级腈、 d-C6的低分子醇、 C2-C8的低级醚、 C2-C8的低级酯、 d-C6 的低取代卤代烃或 12的芳香烃等中的一种或几种; 替加环素结晶结晶或重结晶溶 剂, 优选水与乙腈、 四氢呋喃、 甲醇、 乙醇、 异丙醇、 乙酸乙酯、 二氯甲烷、 氯仿、 乙醚、 异丙醚或苯中的一种或几种。 本发明中的结晶或重结晶过程中使用的水与有机 溶剂的体积比一般为 1 : 5〜200,其中结晶或重结晶过程中使用的水与有机溶剂的体积 比较优选为 1 : 50〜100, 其中结晶或重结晶过程中使用的水与有机溶剂的体积比更优 选为 1: 50〜98。
本发明中的低级醇或低分子醇的碳原子数定义为 d-C6 (即: 1-6个碳原子的醇), 如甲醇、 乙醇、 异丙醇、 丁醇等; C2-C6的低级腈的碳原子数定义为 C2-C6, 如乙腈、 丙腈等; C2-C8的低级醚或低分子醚的碳原子数定义为 2-8个碳原子的醚, 如乙醚、 异 丙醚、 丁醚等; 低级卤代烃的碳原子数定义为 CrC6 (即 1-6个碳原子), 包括二氯甲 烷、 二氯乙烷、 氯仿等; 低级酯的碳原子数定义为 C2-C8 (即 2-8个碳原子), 包括醋 酸丁酯、 乙酸乙酯、 甲酸乙酯等; 低分子直链或支链烷烃或环烷烃的碳原子数定义为 C5-C10 (即 5-10个碳原子), 包括戊烷、 正己烷、 环己烷、 石油醚等; 低分子芳香烃的 碳原子数定义为 C6-C12 (即 6-12个碳原子), 包括苯, 甲苯等; ¾-¾的低分子酮定义 为 3-8个碳原子的酮, 包括丙酮, 丁酮、 异己酮等; 关于任何一类描述为 "低级或低分 子"化合物的碳原子数量的标记方法只要在文本中出现一次, 其它任何未进行标记的描 述为"低级或低分子 "的同类化合物的碳原子数与本文本中已经标明的数量在最低程度 上是一致的。
本发明的产物的干燥方式可以为在不同温度 (如 20-60°C )、 干燥时间 (1小时到 数日)、 或附有其它干燥剂 (包括硅胶, 五氧化二磷、 无水氯化钙、 无水硫酸钠等) 的 环境条件下、 或使用常压或减压的方式对最后的产物进行干燥。 其干燥温度优选在 25-45 °C。
本发明在另一方面提供一种药用组合物, 其中包括任何一种或多种由本发明的方 法制备的替加环素结晶水合物, 和一种或多种药学可接受的赋形剂。
本发明进一步提供制备药物制剂的方法, 其中包括任何一种或多种由本发明的方 法制备的替加环素结晶水合物和至少一种或药学可接受的赋形剂的合并。
本发明进一步提供替加环素结晶水合物, 如替加环素 0.5水合物、 2水合物、 4水 合物等, 在制备用于治疗感染, 包括细菌感染、 革兰氏阳性和或阴性菌感染、 和致死 因子感染的药物组合物中的用途。
本发明的替加环素结晶水合物用于制备含有该替加环素结晶水合物的组合物, 这 种组合物包括替加环素结晶水合物的固体制剂、 栓剂、 注射剂、 其中注射剂包括注射 用冻干粉针制剂; 并可用于制备替加环素无水物。 无水物的制备可由本发明的结晶水 合物经不同的干燥方法获得, 其制备可在不同温度 (如 50-100°C )、 干燥时间 (1小时 到 48h)、 或附有其它干燥剂 (包括硅胶, 分子筛、 五氧化二磷、 氢氧化钠、 无水碳酸 钠、 无水氯化钙、 无水硫酸钠、 无水硫酸镁等) 的环境条件下、 或并使用常压或减压 的方式对最后的产物进行干燥, 也可先由苯蒸馏带水的方法, 并结合其它本文中描述 的干燥方法干燥后得到。
替加环素结晶水合物的固体制剂包括片剂、 胶囊剂、 颗粒剂等; 片剂 (包括口含 片、 速崩片、 泡腾片、 可溶片、 阴道片等)、 胶囊 (包括阴道用胶囊)、 颗粒剂, 其中 可含有药学上可接受的填充剂, 如淀粉、 变性淀粉、 乳糖、 微晶纤维素、 环糊精、 山 梨醇、 甘露醇、 磷酸钙、 氨基酸等; 药学上可接受的崩解剂, 如淀粉、 变性淀粉、 微 晶纤维素、 羧甲基淀粉钠、 交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、 低取代羟丙基纤维素、 表面活性剂
(十二烷基硫酸钠等); 药学上可接受的润湿剂和粘合剂, 如胶化淀粉、 甲基纤维素、 羧甲基纤维素钠、 乙基纤维素、 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、 海藻酸及其盐; 药学上可接受的润 滑剂和助流剂, 如硬脂酸、 硬脂酸镁、 聚乙二醇 4000— 8000、 滑石粉、 微粉硅胶、 十 二烷基硫酸镁等; 药学上可接受的甜味剂和香精, 如阿斯巴甜、 甜蜜素、 糖精钠、 三 氯蔗糖、 食用香精等。
用于制备片剂或胶囊填充物得组合物可以通过湿法制粒在制备, 在湿法制粒过程 中, 一些或全部的活性成分或粉末形式的赋形剂被混合, 然后再液体的存在下进一步 混合, 这导致粉末凝块成为粒子。 将该粒子过筛和或研磨, 干燥, 然后过筛, 到期望 的粒度, 该粒子然后可以制成片剂, 或者在制备前加入其它赋形剂, 例如助流剂和 /或 润滑剂。
制备成片剂的组合物通常可以通过干混来制备。 例如, 活性成分和赋形剂混合后 的组合物可以被压实成为小片或薄片, 然后粉碎成压实的颗粒, 该压实的颗粒可以随 后压制成为片剂。
作为干粒法的替代, 混合后的组合物可以干法直接压片, 直接压片得到更均匀的 片剂。 特别适于直接压片的赋形剂包括微晶纤维素、 喷雾干燥的乳糖磷酸钙和胶体二 氧化硅。 这些和其它赋形剂在直接压片中正确使用是对本领域中具有经验和技能的技 术人员是已知的。
本发明的胶囊填充物可以包含任何上述的混合物和粒子或颗粒, 其描述参考制备 成片剂, 但是它们不进行最后的制备成片剂的步骤。
本发明的结晶水合物不同于无水物的潮解使得在处理时要隔绝空气防止粘连等, 而结晶水合物具有良好的滑动性, 从而改善制剂的可操作性; 并使制备的固体制剂具 有良好的溶出性能, 使得其容易被吸收进入血液循环, 改善生物利用度, 并有利于快 速发挥其作用。 从另一个方面, 使得其防止出现在进行无菌分装时不易因为吸潮而导 致分装时产生堵塞使得装量发生差异导致剂量不足, 从而带来产品的不合格, 或因为 不合格的产品没有被抽检到形成实际上的漏检, 进而流入市场, 在临床治疗中对患者 的治疗代理负面的效果, 或者因剂量不足危及病人的生命。 或者在分装时, 因为吸潮 而导致整个生产线被迫暂停, 严重降低设备的生产能力, 大大增加工时费用等的隐患。
替加环素结晶水合物的针剂, 其制备方法为:
冻干粉针制剂的制备方法为: 取替加环素结晶水合物, 可以加药学上可接受的助 溶剂、 药学上可接受冻干支持剂或辅形剂、 稳定剂、 注射用水, 搅拌使溶解, 可用药 学上可接受的酸碱调节 pH为 4.0〜7.5,加活性碳 0.005〜0.5% (W/V)搅拌 15〜45min, 过滤, 补水, 无菌过滤, 按 25〜100mg /瓶 (以主药计) 分装, 冷冻干燥, 压塞, 得成
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其药学上可接受的支持剂或辅形剂可以是葡萄糖、 乳糖、 木糖醇、 山梨醇、 甘露 醇、 右旋糖酐等中的一种或几种, 以上包括无水、 含水或溶剂化的碳水化合物, 如乳 糖包括无水乳糖、 一水乳糖等。
其药学上可接受的助溶剂可以是药学上可接受的无机酸或有机酸、 无机碱或有机 碱, 也可以是广义的路易斯酸或碱, 可以含有一种或者几种, 可以是盐酸、 磷酸、 丙 酸、 醋酸、 乳酸、 枸橼酸、 酒石酸、 硼酸、 多羟基羧酸如葡萄糖醛酸、 葡萄糖酸、 乳 糖酸、 苹果酸、 苏糖酸、 葡庚糖酸, 2,5-二羟基苯甲酸、 酸式氨基酸, 如门冬氨酸、 谷 氨酸等中的一种或者几种。
其药学上可接受的 pH调节剂可以是药学上可接受的无机酸或有机酸、无机碱或有 机碱, 也可以是广义的路易斯酸或碱, 可以含有一种或者几种, 可以是盐酸、 磷酸、 丙酸、 醋酸及醋酸盐、 如醋酸钠等, 乳酸以及乳酸药用盐、 枸橼酸药用盐、 碳酸钠、 碳酸氢钠、 碳酸氢钾、 氢氧化钠、 氢氧化钾、 磷酸盐、 酒石酸及其药用盐、 硼砂、 硼 酸、 丁二酸、 己酸、 己二酸、 反丁烯二酸、 顺丁烯二酸、 多羟基羧酸及药用盐, 如葡 萄糖醛酸、 葡萄糖酸、 乳糖酸、 苹果酸、 苏糖酸、 葡庚糖酸等中的一种或者几种。
其药学上可接受的抗氧剂和稳定剂可以是亚硫酸、 亚硫酸盐、 亚硫酸氢盐、 焦亚 硫酸盐、 连二亚硫酸盐、 硫代硫酸盐, 有机硫化合物硫脲、 谷胱甘肽、 二巯基丙醇、 巯基乙酸及盐、 硫代乳酸及盐、 硫代二丙酸及盐、 苯酚类化合物, 如没食子酸及盐、 咖啡酸或其药用盐、 阿魏酸或其药用盐、 二叔丁基对苯酚、 2, 5-二羟基苯甲酸或其盐、 水杨酸或其盐; 抗坏血酸及抗坏血酸盐、 异抗坏血酸及异抗坏血酸盐、 烟酰胺、 酒石 酸、 硝酸盐、 磷酸盐、 醋酸药用盐、 柠檬酸盐、 EDTA及 EDTA盐、 如 EDTA二钠、 EDTA四钠等中的一种或者几种。
去热源和除菌方式可以是加入配液量 0. 005〜3 %的活性炭去热源, 微孔滤膜除菌 和热压灭菌, 也可以采用超滤除菌、 去热源。 超滤方法中, 超滤器可选用平板式、 卷 式、 管式、 中空纤维式或圆盒式等, 优选卷式和中空纤维式超滤器, 采用截留相对分 子质量为 5万至 30万的滤膜除去大部分发热性物质和细菌后, 再采用截留相对分子质 量 4000〜30000的超滤膜除去剩余热源, 优选相对分子质量 6000〜30000的超滤膜。
替加环素结晶水合物的栓剂制备方法: 栓剂由替加环素结晶水合物 (重量比一般 为 1一 40% )、其余由栓剂基质组成, 基质可以是乙醇、甘油、甘油明胶、聚乙二醇 200 一 8000、 泊洛沙姆、 凡士林、 半合成硬脂肪酸脂 (包括硬脂酸聚烃氧 (40) 脂、 硬脂 酸丙二醇酯、 脂肪酸甘油酯等)、 卡波姆系列 (931、 934、 940、 974等)、 吐温 60— 80 等的一种或数种, 并且栓剂中可含有药学上可接受的其它附加剂, 如稳定剂和吸收促 进剂等。 制备方法: 将主药与基质混合, 水浴加热、 搅拌、 待融化, 搅拌至匀、 迅速 倾入已涂有润滑剂的栓剂模具中, 至稍微溢出栓模, 待冷后削平, 起模即得。
本发明的替加环素结晶水合物, 适用于: 用于制备对革兰氏阳性或阴性细菌敏感 菌、 厌氧菌、 衣原体、 支原体所致的人或动物的呼吸系统、 肝胆系统、 五官、 泌尿生 殖系统感染、 骨和关节感染、 皮肤软组织感染及心内膜炎、 败血症、 脑膜炎等疾病的 治疗或预防的药物中的应用。
用量用法: 一般情况下, 对于替加环素结晶水合物, 肌内注射: 一次 0.05g〜0.10g, 一日 1-2次; 小儿按体重减量。 静脉注射: 一次 0.05g〜0.10g, 一日 1〜2次; 小儿按体 重减量, 分 1〜2次给药。 临用前加灭菌注射用水或氯化钠注射液适量溶解。 固体制剂 的给药方式为经口给药或局部给药, 包括阴道给药, 阴道片和阴道胶囊的用量用法: 一般情况下, 成人常用量: 一天 1-2次, 每次 0.05g〜0.10g; 栓剂的用法: 成人的剂量 0.05g〜0.10g /次, 一天 1-2次。
附图说明 图 1为替加环素 0.5水合物的热分析图谱 (实施例 1 )。 图 2为替加环素 0.5水合物的粉末 X衍射图 (实施例 1 )。
图 3为替加环素 2水合物的热分析图谱 (实施例 2)。
图 4为替加环素 2水合物的粉末 X衍射图 (实施例 2)。
图 5为替加环素 4水合物的热分析图谱 (实施例 3 )。
具体实施方式
除了在实施例中以及另有指示时, 说明书和权利要求书中所用的所有的数值应被 理解为在所有的实例中以术语 "约"进行修饰, 因此, 除非有相反的指示, 本说明书 和所附的权利要求书中所给出的数值参数是近似值, 其可以根据通过本公开内容所寻 求的所需要性质而改变, 最起码地, 并且不是意欲限制等同原则权利要求范围的应用, 每个数值参数应考虑有效数字的数和常规四舍五入方法来解释。
虽然设定公开内容的宽范围的数值范围和参数是近似值。 但是在具体实施例中所 给出的数值被尽可能精确地报道, 任意数值本质上包含某些由在它们各自的测试中发 现的标准偏差所必然产生的误差。
需要指出的是, 除非文中明确地另外说明, 在本说明书和附加的权利要求中使用 的单数形式 "一个"、 "一种" 以及 "该"包括指代物的复数形式, 所以, 例如。 如果 提及含有 "一种化合物" 的组合物时包括两种或多种化合物的混合物, 另外需要注意 的是, 除非本文明确地另外说明, 术语 "或"通常包括 "和 /或"。
如本文所用, 术语 "得到"是指有价值的纯度水平分离得到的化合物, 所述的纯 度水平包括但不限于大于 90%, 95%、 96%、 97%、 98%和 99%的纯度水平。 所述的纯 度水平可以通过高效液相色谱测定。
药物组合物
本文所用 "药物组合物"是指药物的组合物, 所述的药物组合物可以含有至少一 种药学上可接受的载体。
本文所用 "药学上可接受的赋形剂"是指适用于本文所偶提供的化合物给药的药 用载体或溶媒, 其包括本领域技术人员公知的适用于特定给药方式的任何此类载体, 例如, 用于胃肠外、 真皮内、 皮下、 或局部应用的溶液剂或悬浮剂可以包括无菌稀释 剂 (例如, 注射用水、 盐溶液、 不挥发油等); 合成的脂肪溶媒 (例如, 聚乙二醇、 甘 油、 丙二醇等); 抗菌剂 (例如, 苄醇、 对羟基丙甲酸甲酯、 对羟基丙甲酸乙酯等); 抗氧化剂 (例如, 抗坏血酸、 亚硫酸氢钠等); 螯合剂 (例如, EDTA等); 缓冲剂 (磷 酸盐、 柠檬酸盐等); 和或用于渗透压调节物质 (如, 氯化钠、 葡萄糖等), 或他们的 混合物。 另外的例子包括, 当静脉内给药时, 适当的载体包括生理盐水、 磷酸盐缓冲 液和含有增稠剂的溶液, 例如葡萄糖、 聚乙二醇等以及他们的混合物。
作为非限定性实例, 替加环素可以任选与一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂混合, 并且可以以下列形式口服给药:片剂、胶囊、可分散散剂、颗粒剂或含有例如约 0.05-5% 助悬剂的混悬剂、 含有例如约 10-50%蔗糖的糖浆剂、 含有例如约 20-50%乙醇的制剂; 或以无菌溶液剂或混悬剂的形式胃肠外给药,所述混悬剂在等渗介质中并含有 0.05-5% 的助悬剂, 这些药物制剂可以含有例如约 25%至约 90%的活性成分以及载体, 更通常 含有 5%至 60% (重量) 的活性活性成分。
为了进一步了解本发明, 下面结合实施例对本发明优选实施方案进行描述, 但是 应当理解, 这些描述只是为进一步说明本发明的特征和优点, 而不是对本发明权利要 求的限制。
以下以具体实施例说明本发明的效果, 但本发明的保护范围不受以下实施例的限 制。 热分析方法
热分析测试条件: Setaram公司 Setsys 16,样品量 3-10mg左右,升温速度: lOK/min, N2流速: 50ml/min, 温度: 室温〜 400°C左右。
令人意外的是, 特征性的, 本发明的水合物的热分析 (TG-DTA或者 TG-DSC)图 谱的失重平台下具有对应的吸热峰, 热分析图谱显示出替加环素的结晶水合物, 如其 0. 5水合物、 2水合物、 4水合物等, 并且同一结晶水合物可具有不同的晶形; 值得指 出的是, 替加环素 2水合物的热分析图谱从 25°C开始加热, 到 50°C之间 TG曲线特征 性近似表现为一平台, 几乎没有明显的失重现象, 而在 53°C到 115°C左右表现为明显 的失重, 卡尔费休法测试证明该失重为水分子。
粉末 X衍射法
利用 D/MX-IIIA X射线衍射仪, 电压: 35kv, 电流: 30mA, 扫描速度: lOVmin, 步 长: 0. 02 ° /步; 铜靶, 单色器: 石墨单色器; 波长 wavelength (A) : 1. 54, 衍射角 2Θ, 扫描范围 3-60。,测定了替加环素结晶水合物的粉末 X射线衍射图,全部峰位置在 ±0.2。 2Θ内。
在一个实施方案中, 利用粉末 X射线衍射法测量, 在衍射角 2 Θ (3-60° )测量范 围内,本发明的替加环素 0.5水合物可以在包括如下 2 Θ值的位置具有相应的特征值(附 图 2): 约 5.06, 8.2, 10.2, 11.0, 13.1, 13.5, 14.6, 15.4, 16.6, 17.6, 18.9, 19.2, 19.6, 21.0, 21.3, 22.3, 23.0, 24.6, 26, 26.4, 26.8, 27.4, 40.0, 40.20
在另一个实施方案中, 利用粉末 X射线衍射法测量, 在衍射角 2 Θ (3-60° )测量 范围内, 本发明的替加环素 2水合物可以在包括如下 2 Θ 值的位置具有相应的特征值 (附图 4)约 5.03, 9.08, 10.06, 10.58, 11.56, 13.17, 14.38, 15.29, 17.55, 18.51, 19.67, 20.28, 21.31, 22.16, 22.79, 26.51, 29.31, 30.51, 33.92。 引湿试验
本发明的替加环素结晶水合物能稳定存储。 将替加环素水合物和无水物和替加环 素无定型物样品进行引湿性试验: 分别取替加环素无水物 (按实施例 1法制备的样品 将替加环素 0.5水合物干燥所得)、替加环素无定型物(参考文献 CN101367747A的方 法制备) 和本发明的水合物约 5g, 置于干燥恒重的表面皿中, 精密称重, 25°C、 相对 湿度为 70%左右, 分别于试验 Oh和 12h取样, 计算引湿增重的百分率, 结果显示, 无 水物引湿性比本发明的水合物都高得多, 本发明的替加环素结晶水合物能更好地稳定 存储结果见表 1。
表 1. 引湿试验结果
取样时间(12小时) 与 0小时相比, 增重%
替加环素 2水合物 (实施例 3法制备) 0.1%
替加环素 0.5水合物 (实施例 1法制备) 0.2%
替加环素无水物 1.4%
替加环素无定型物 1.3%
具体实施方式 实施例 1 替加环素 0.5水合物的制备
1) 9-硝基米诺环素的制备
盐酸米诺环素 (1, 100g, 0.202mol) 溶解于预先冷却到 0°C的 300ml浓硫酸中, 然后在 -5-5°C下, 缓缓加入硝酸钾 (22.4g, 0.24mol或发烟硝酸 11.3ml, 0.24mol), 加 完后在 -5-5°C下继续搅拌 1.5小时; 缓缓加入 2.4L 的预冷的环己烷, 过滤, 少量冰环 己烷洗涤,收集固体, 40-50°C下真空干燥得黄色的 9-硝基米诺环素二硫酸盐 (2, 124.8g, 约 90%)。
2) 9-氨基米诺环素的制备
9-硝基米诺环素二硫酸盐 (2, 100g, 0.143mol), 2%钯炭 (40g) 与 300ml 2N的 硫酸溶液以及 400ml乙二醇单甲醚的混合溶液中,加压氢化 1.5小时左右,滤除催化剂, 滤液缓缓加入到 3.5L 0-5 °C的异丙醇中, 过滤得微黄结晶, 40°C下真空干燥, 为 9-氨基 米诺环素二硫酸盐 (3, 86.8g, 约 87%)。
3 ) 替加环素的制备
9-氨基米诺环素以 N-叔丁基乙酰氯或 N-叔丁基乙酸直接酰化
9-氨基米诺环素二硫酸盐(3, 20g, 0.029mol), 碳酸钠 15g, 混悬于 1,3-二甲基丙 撑脲(400ml)和乙腈(100ml)的混合溶剂中,室温搅拌下滴加 N-叔丁基乙酰氯(9.1g,
0.058mol) 禾卩 1,3-二甲基丙撑脲 (600ml) /乙腈 (150ml) 的溶液, 继续搅拌 30min, 反应毕, 加入甲醇 10ml 终止反应; 反应液倾入异丙醇 /乙醚混合溶液中, 并加入浓盐 酸析晶, 过滤得黄色结晶, 为替加环素盐酸盐 (5 * HC1, 13.2g, 0.021mol, 约 72%)。 替加环素盐酸盐溶解在去离子水中, 10%氨水调节 pH为 7.0左右, 析出橙色固体, 过 滤, 二氯甲烷和水重结晶, 4°C放置 8小时, 抽滤, 固体 40°C下真空干燥 2h, 得到替 加环素水合物 (9.6g); MS (FAB): m/z : 586. 5 (M+H) , 585. 5 (M+); 卡氏法测定水分为
1. 79 % , 热分析:平台失重约 1. 58 % (附图 1 ),这与样品含有 0. 5个结晶水的结果(理 论值 1. 52 % )在误差范围内; X粉末衍射显示明显的特征峰(附图 2 ); 红外光谱: v KBl max cm 3440, 3312, 3197, 2968, 2936, 2871 , 2871 , 2792, 2724, 1641, 1614, 1531 , 1390, 1367, 1282, 1242, 1205, 1179, 1105, 1057, 1024, 998, 971, 873 , 805, 704;元素分析 理论值: C 58.57%, H 6.78%, N 11.78%; 实测值: C 58.66%, H 6.89%, N 11.89%。
取少量本实施例固体产物在 60°C左右、五氧化二磷存在下, 真空干燥 24h以上, 放冷, 放置 12h, 得其无水物。 实施例 2 替加环素 2水合物的制备 在反应瓶中,将 9-溴代乙酰氨米诺环素氢溴酸 盐(15g, 0.022mol)与叔丁胺(11.6ml, O.l lmol)以及 100ml甲醇混合,室温搅拌 30min, 过滤出去沉淀; 滤液减压浓縮, 残留物在甲醇、 二氯甲烷、 水重结晶, 4°C以下放置 8h 左右,过滤, 40°C真空干燥 2小时,得到红橙色结晶,替加环素 2水合物(9.3g); ESI-MS: m/z : 585. 5 (M) ; 卡氏法测定水分为 5. 96 % , 热分析:平台失重约 5. 44 % (附图 3 ) , 这与样品含有 2个结晶水的结果 (理论值 5. 80 % ) 在误差范围内; X粉末衍射显示明 显的特征峰 (附图 4) ; 元素分析 理论值: C 56. 03%, H 6. 97%, N 11. 27%; 实测值: C 55. 91%, H 6. 79%, N 11. 34%。 实施例 3 替加环素 4水合物的制备 在反应瓶中,将 9-氯代乙酰氨米诺环素盐酸盐 ( 10g, 12.9g, 0.022mol) 与叔丁胺 (11.6ml, O.l lmol) 以及 100ml甲醇混合, 室温搅 拌 30min, 过滤去沉淀; 滤液减压浓縮, 残留物在甲醇、水结晶, 再用甲醇、水重结晶, 4°C以下放置过夜, 抽滤, 固体 40°C真空干燥 2小时, 得红橙色结晶, 为替加环素 4 水合物 ( 8.3g); MS (FAB): m/z : 586. 5 (M+H) , 585. 5 (M+); 卡氏法测定水分为 11. 34 %, 热分析:平台失重约 10. 83 % (附图 5 ) , 这与样品含有 4个结晶水的结果 (理论 值 10. 96 % ) 在误差范围内; X 粉末衍射显示明显的特征峰; 元素分析 理论值: C 52. 96%, H 7. 20%, N 10. 65%; 实测值: C 52. 90%, H 7. 34%, N 10. 57%。 实施例 4 冻干制剂的制备 取替加环素水合物 10g (按实施例 1或实施例 2法制备或实 施例 3或实施例 4法制备), 力 盐酸搅拌使溶, 加甘露醇 10g, EDTA二钠 0.05g, 加用 氮气饱和的注射用水 160〜220ml左右, 搅拌使溶, 用 1M左右的磷酸酸和磷酸氢二钠溶 液调节 pH为 5.5〜7.0, 加活性碳 0.01〜0.5% (W/V) 搅拌 15-30min, 过滤, 用 0.22微米 微孔滤膜过滤, 按 0.05g/瓶或 O.lg/瓶分装, 真空冷冻干燥, 压塞, 得成品。
实施例 5 冻干制剂的制备 取替加环素水合物 10g (按实施例 1或实施例 2法制备或实 施例 3或实施例 4法制备), 力 盐酸搅拌使溶, 加乳糖 10g, EDTA二钠 0.05g, 加用氮 气饱和的注射用水 160〜220ml左右, 搅拌使溶, 用 1M左右的磷酸酸和磷酸氢二钠溶液 调节 pH为 4.5〜7.0, 加活性碳 0.01〜0.5% (W/V) 搅拌 15-30min, 过滤, 用 0.22微米微 孔滤膜过滤, 按 0.05g/瓶或 O.lg/瓶分装, 真空冷冻干燥, 压塞, 得成品
实施例 6 替加环素结晶水合物口含片 (50mg/片)
处方: 替加环素结晶水合物 50g 速溶山梨醇 320g 微晶纤维素 20g 低取代羟丙基纤维素 10g 硬脂酸镁 2g 将替加环素结晶水合物 (按实施例 1或实施例 2方法制备或实施例 3或实施例 4 法制备)、 速溶山梨醇、 微晶纤维素、 低取代羟丙基纤维素、 硬脂酸镁过 100目筛, 混 匀, 压成大片, 再将该片研压成 18— 24目筛的颗粒, 压片。
实施例 7 替加环素 2水合物片 (50mg/片)
处方: 替加环素结晶水合物 50g
速溶山梨醇 320g 微晶纤维素 20g 低取代羟丙基纤维素 10g 硬脂酸镁 2g 将替加环素结晶水合物 (按实施例 1或实施例 2方法制备或实施例 3或实施例 4 法制备)、 速溶山梨醇、 微晶纤维素、 低取代羟丙基纤维素、 硬脂酸镁过 100目筛, 混 匀, 压成大片, 再将该片研压成 18— 24目筛的颗粒, 压片。
实施例 8 替加环素 0.5水合物片 (lOOmg/片)
处方: 替加环素 0.5水合物 100g
甘露醇 185g 低取代羟丙基纤维素 45g
5 PVP K-30 ( 50%的乙醇水溶液) 适量 硬脂酸镁 4g 将替加环素 0.5水合物(按实施例 1法制备)、甘露醇、低取代羟丙基纤维素过 100 目筛, 混匀, 用 5 %PVP K30的 50%的乙醇水溶液适量为粘合剂制软材, 过 18— 24目 筛制粒, 干燥, 过 14一 20目筛整粒后, 加硬脂酸镁混合, 压片。
实施例 9: 本发明替加环素水合物胶囊的制备 (主药 50mg/粒)
处方: 替加环素水合物 50g
盐酸半胱氨酸 2g 将替加环素 0.5水合物(按实施例 1或实施例 2法制备或实施例 3或实施例 4法制 备) 以及盐酸半胱氨酸分别过 100目筛, 混匀, 灌装胶囊。
实施例 10: 本发明替加环素水合物胶囊的制备 (主药 lOOmg/粒)
处方: 替加环素水合物 100g
盐酸半胱氨酸 4g 将替加环素 2水合物 (按实施例 3或实施例 4法制备) 以及盐酸半胱氨酸分别过 100目筛, 混匀, 灌装胶囊。 实施例 11 替加环素结晶水合物的栓剂 (50mg/粒)
处方: 替加环素结晶水合物 5g ( 100粒投料)
聚乙二醇 4000 110g
聚乙二醇 1500 60g
甘油 5ml
泊洛沙姆 30g
EDTA二钠 lg
将替加环素结晶水合物 (按实施例 1或实施例 2法制备或实施例 3或实施例 4法 制备)、 甘油、 聚乙二醇 1500、 聚乙二醇 4000、 泊洛沙姆、 EDTA二钠混合, 水浴加 热、 搅拌、 待融化, 搅拌至匀、 迅速倾入已涂有润滑剂的栓剂的模具中, 至稍微溢出 栓模, 待冷后削平, 起模即得。
可以理解, 从本专业角度, 很多细节的变化是可能的, 这并不因此限制本发明范 围和精神, 本发明并不限于上述实施例。

Claims

1、 替加环素结晶水合物, 其特征在于: 分子式为 C29H39N508 nH20, n=0. 4〜4。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的替加环素结晶水合物, 其特征在于: 为替加环素 0.5水合 物。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的替加环素结晶水合物,其特征在于:为替加环素 2水合物。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的替加环素结晶水合物,其特征在于:为替加环素 4水合物。
5、根据权利要求 1所述的替加环素结晶水合物, 其制备方法, 其特征在于: 其制备 方法包括:
方法 A.替加环素结晶水合物的制备
9-氨基米诺环素以 N-叔丁基乙酰氯或 N-叔丁基乙酸直接酰化
9-氨基米诺环素二硫酸盐, 碳酸氢钠或碳酸钠或碳酸钾, 混悬于 1,3-二甲基 丙撑脲和 C2-C6的低级腈的混合溶剂中, 室温搅拌下滴加 N-叔丁基乙酰氯和 1,3-二 甲基丙撑脲 / C2-C6的低级腈的溶液, 继续搅拌 0.3-2h, 反应毕, 加入 -C6的低分 子醇终止反应; 反应液倾入 CrC6的低分子醇、 C2-C6的低级腈、 或¾-¾的低级醚 中的一种或几种溶液中, 并加入浓盐酸析晶, 过滤得黄色结晶, 为替加环素盐酸盐; 替加环素盐酸盐溶解在去离子水中, 氨水调节 pH为 6.8-7.8, 析出结晶, 过滤, 固 体用水与 d-C6的低取代卤代烃、 C3-C8的低级酮、 -C6的低分子醇、 C2-C6的低级 腈、 C2-C8的低级酯、 C2-C8的低级醚或 > 12的芳香烃中一种或几种进行一次或几 次重结晶, 真空干燥得到替加环素结晶水合物;
或者方法 B. 替加环素结晶水合物的制备
9-卤代乙酰氨基米诺环素被叔丁胺氨化
9-溴代乙酰氨米诺环素氢溴酸盐或 9-氯代乙酰氨米诺环素盐酸盐与叔丁胺以 及 -C6的低分子醇混合, 室温搅拌 0.3-2h, 过滤出去沉淀; 滤液减压浓縮, 残留 物用水与 CrC6的低取代卤代烃、 C3-C8的低级酮、 CrC6的低分子醇、 C2-C6的低级 腈、 C2-C8的低级酯、 C2-C8的低级醚或 C6-C12的芳香烃中一种或几种进行一次或几 次重结晶, 过滤, 得到替加环素结晶水合物。
其中, 反应中所使用的重量体积比一般可为: 9-溴代乙酰氨米诺环素氢溴酸盐 或 9-氯代乙酰氨米诺环素盐酸盐 (g): 叔丁胺(ml): CrC6的低分子醇 (ml) =10〜15: 10〜20: 100〜200。
6、根据权利要求 1所述的替加环素结晶水合物, 其特征在于: 制备含有该替加环素 可接受的药用盐或其药用盐的组合物。
7、根据权利要求 1所述的替加环素结晶水合物, 其特征在于: 制备含有该替加环素 结晶水合物的药用组合物。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的替加环素结晶水合物, 其特征在于: 用于制备固体制剂、 注射剂、栓剂, 其中注射剂包括注射用冻干粉针制剂, 固体制剂包括片剂、胶囊剂、 颗粒剂。
9、根据权利要求 1所述的替加环素结晶水合物, 其特征在于: 用于制备对革兰氏阳 性或阴性细菌敏感菌、厌氧菌、衣原体、支原体所致的人或动物的呼吸系统、肝 胆系统、五官、泌尿生殖系统感染、骨和关节感染、皮肤软组织感染及心内膜炎、 败血症、 脑膜炎的治疗或预防的药物中的应用。
10、 根据权利要求 5所述的替加环素水合物的制备方法, 其特征在于: 替加环素结 晶水合物的重结晶溶剂选自水与或乙腈、或丙酮、或四氢呋喃、或甲醇、或乙醇、 或异丙醇、 或乙酸乙酯、 或二氯甲烷、 或氯仿、 或乙醚、 或异丙醚、 或苯中的一 种或几种。
PCT/CN2012/074409 2011-04-20 2012-04-20 替加环素结晶水合物及其制备方法和用途 WO2012142958A1 (zh)

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