WO2011121819A1 - ループ型ヒートパイプ - Google Patents
ループ型ヒートパイプ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011121819A1 WO2011121819A1 PCT/JP2010/066329 JP2010066329W WO2011121819A1 WO 2011121819 A1 WO2011121819 A1 WO 2011121819A1 JP 2010066329 W JP2010066329 W JP 2010066329W WO 2011121819 A1 WO2011121819 A1 WO 2011121819A1
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- space
- evaporator
- working fluid
- heat pipe
- loop
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
- F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/42—Fillings or auxiliary members in containers or encapsulations selected or arranged to facilitate heating or cooling
- H01L23/427—Cooling by change of state, e.g. use of heat pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/12—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing overpressure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a loop heat pipe used for cooling electronic devices and the like.
- a loop heat pipe in which a steam pipe and a liquid pipe are connected in a loop shape see, for example, Patent Document 1.
- FIGS. 1B and 1C are diagrams showing the structure of a conventional evaporator 1000.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view in the direction in which the working fluid flows
- FIGS. 1B and 1C are cross-sectional views along AA ′.
- Many of the heating elements 1010 such as electronic components are planar. Therefore, the heat receiving surface 1002 is a flat type so that the evaporator 1000 of the loop heat pipe is also in close contact with the heating element 1010.
- the wall surface of the evaporator case 1001 is pressed to the outside by the internal pressure of the working fluid.
- a loop heat pipe is used at room temperature and normal pressure
- an evaporator is used when a working fluid having a boiling point at room temperature or higher (eg, pentane, R141B, butane, ammonia, etc.) under atmospheric pressure is used.
- the case 1001 is deformed. If the shape of the evaporator is cylindrical, the internal pressure is dispersed in the circumferential direction and the expansion of the evaporator case is small.
- a flat plate heat pipe as shown in FIG.
- the case wall surface expands.
- the evaporator body 1001 has sufficient rigidity to withstand internal pressure in order to make the evaporator body as thin as possible. It is difficult to ensure the thickness.
- the adhesiveness between the contact surface of the evaporator case 1001 and the internal wick 1007 (particularly, the upper surface of the evaporator case 1001 rather than the lower surface fixed to the heating element 1010 such as a CPU). Gets worse.
- a gap 1020 is generated between the evaporator case 1001 and the wick 1007. In this state, heat is not transferred from the evaporator case 1001 to the wick 1007, and a problem arises that the working fluid cannot evaporate from the surface of the wick 1007 and the cooling performance deteriorates.
- the present invention maintains the thermal contact between the evaporator case and the wick even when the working fluid inside the evaporator becomes high temperature and high pressure during the operation of the loop heat pipe. It is an object to provide a loop heat pipe that realizes stable cooling performance.
- an evaporator that vaporizes a working fluid by heat from a heating element and a condenser that condenses the gasified working fluid are looped with a connecting pipe.
- the evaporator is A first space having a contact surface with the heating element and evaporating the working fluid supplied from the connecting pipe; A second space provided on at least one surface other than the contact surface among the surfaces constituting the first space;
- the partition wall that separates the first space and the second space is provided with a communication hole that communicates the first space and the second space.
- a loop heat pipe in which an evaporator that vaporizes the working fluid with heat from the heating element and a condenser that condenses the gasified working fluid are connected in a loop with a connecting pipe
- the evaporator A first space having a contact surface with the heating element and evaporating the working fluid supplied from the liquid pipe; A second space which is provided on at least one surface other than the contact surface among the surfaces constituting the first space and seals a second fluid having a higher saturated vapor pressure than the working fluid at the same temperature.
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 1A, showing a state when operation is stopped. It is AA 'sectional drawing of FIG. 1A, and is a figure for demonstrating the problem at the time of the heating in the conventional flat evaporator. It is a figure showing the whole loop type heat pipe composition to which the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the structure of the evaporator of 1st Example, and is sectional drawing along the direction through which a working fluid flows.
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 1A, showing a state when operation is stopped. It is AA 'sectional drawing of FIG. 1A, and is a figure for demonstrating the problem at the time of the heating in the conventional flat evaporator. It is a figure showing the whole loop type heat pipe composition to which the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the structure of the evaporator of 1st Example, and is
- 3B is a sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 3A. It is a graph of the temperature-saturated vapor pressure curve of each working fluid. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the effect of 1st Example, and is a figure which shows the evaporator state at the time of operation stop. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the effect of 1st Example, and is a figure which shows the state of the evaporator at the time of a heating. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the example of mounting of the evaporator of 1st Example. It is a perspective view of the example of mounting of the evaporator of Drawing 6A.
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 10A.
- FIG. 12A It is a figure which shows the state at the time of the heating in the modification 1 of FIG. 12A. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the example of mounting of the evaporator of 2nd Example. It is a perspective view which shows the example of mounting of the evaporator of FIG. 13A. It is a graph which shows the effect of the loop type heat pipe using the evaporator of the 2nd example.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a loop heat pipe 1 to which the present invention is applied.
- the loop heat pipe 1 includes an evaporator 10 for vaporizing a working fluid in a liquid state by heat from a heating element (electronic component or the like), and a condenser 11 for condensing the working fluid in a gas state by heat dissipation.
- a vapor pipe 14 for supplying the working fluid from the evaporator 10 to the condenser 11 and a liquid pipe 13 for supplying the working fluid from the condenser 11 to the evaporator 10. It is.
- the liquid pipe 13 and the vapor pipe 14 are combined to form a connecting pipe.
- a cooling fan 12 is provided in the vicinity of the condensing unit 11 to promote cooling.
- the fluid inside the steam pipe 14 and the liquid pipe 13 is not necessarily 100% steam or 100% liquid, and both are mixed phase flows.
- most of the inside of the steam pipe 14 is steam, and most of the inside of the liquid pipe 13 is liquid. Therefore, for convenience, “steam pipe”, “liquid pipe” Called.
- FIG. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the configuration of the evaporator 10 of the first embodiment.
- 3A is a cross-sectional view along the direction in which the working fluid flows
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view along the line AA ′ in FIG. 3A.
- the evaporator 10 has an evaporation chamber (first space) 40A having a liquid supply passage 46 and a pressure adjustment chamber (second space) 40B for adjusting the pressure of the evaporation chamber, and evaporates.
- a pressure adjusting hole 55 that connects the evaporation chamber 40A and the pressure adjusting chamber 40B is formed in the partition wall 51 that partitions the chamber 40A and the pressure adjusting chamber 40B.
- the bottom surface of the evaporator case 40 is the heat receiving surface 42.
- the evaporator 10 is mounted on the heating element such that the heat receiving surface 42 is in contact with the heating element such as an electronic component (see FIG. 6A), and receives heat from the electronic component.
- a wick (porous body) 47 is in mechanical and thermal contact with the inner wall of the evaporation chamber 40A.
- the working fluid (liquid working fluid) 49 supplied to the evaporation chamber 40 ⁇ / b> A by the liquid pipe 13 is impregnated in the wick 47. The impregnated liquid is heated by the heat transferred from the evaporator case 40 to the wick.
- the inside of the evaporator 10 is maintained at the saturated vapor pressure of the working fluid, and evaporates and vaporizes when the temperature of the working fluid exceeds the boiling point at the internal saturated vapor pressure.
- the working fluid takes in latent heat energy.
- the steam that has taken in the latent heat energy passes through the groove (steam discharge groove) 45 formed in the wick 47 and flows into the steam pipe 14, and part of the steam flows into the pressure adjusting chamber 40 ⁇ / b> B through the pressure adjusting hole 55.
- the evaporation chamber 40A and the pressure adjustment chamber 40B have substantially the same pressure.
- the saturated vapor pressure in the operating temperature range of the working fluid 49 is equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure under the environment in which the loop heat pipe 1 is used.
- the evaporator case 40 is a flat plate type having an overall height of 18 mm, a width of 60 mm, and a length of 70 mm.
- the pressure adjusting chamber 40B is provided with a pressure adjusting chamber 40B on the upper surface side of the evaporation chamber 40A, and the pressure adjusting chamber 40B constitutes a space having a height of 1 mm, a width of 56 mm, and a length of 66 mm.
- the pressure control chamber 40B is separated from the evaporation chamber 40A by a partition wall 51 having a thickness of 2 mm, and the partition wall 51 is provided with a pressure control hole 55 having a diameter of 1 mm leading to the vapor side of the evaporation chamber 40A.
- the interior dimensions of the evaporation chamber 40A are 11 mm in height, 56 mm in width, and 66 mm in length, and the overall wall thickness is 2 mm.
- the material of the evaporator case 40 and the partition wall 51 is oxygen-free copper in the first embodiment.
- a material such as stainless steel having a high rigidity is often used so as to withstand a high internal pressure, but in the first embodiment, it is not always necessary to use a material having a high rigidity as will be described later. . Rather, it is preferable to use a material having a higher thermal conductivity than stainless steel so that the temperature distribution of the evaporator case 40 is uniform.
- a material such as an aluminum alloy may be used for weight reduction.
- the wick 47 disposed inside the evaporation chamber 40A is made of sintered nickel, has a porous diameter of 10 ⁇ m, and a porosity of about 50%.
- the outer dimensions of the wick 47 are 11 mm in height, 56 mm in width, and 50 mm in length, and the height dimension is particularly precisely manufactured so as to fit in close contact with the inner wall of the evaporation chamber 40A.
- 15 steam passages (grooves) 45 each having a width of 1 mm and a depth of 2 mm are formed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the wick 47 (surfaces in contact with the upper surface and the lower surface of the evaporation chamber 40A) at a pitch of 3 mm.
- a liquid supply passage 46 having a height of 3 mm, a width of 40 mm, and a length of 40 mm is provided in the central portion of the wick 47 in order to draw the hydraulic fluid 49 supplied from the liquid pipe 13 into the wick 47.
- the steam pipe 14 and the liquid pipe 13 that connect the evaporator 10 and the condensing unit 11 are both copper pipes having an outer diameter of 6 mm, an inner diameter of 5 mm, and a length of about 300 mm.
- the condensing unit 11 is a copper pipe having an outer diameter of 6 mm, an inner diameter of 5 mm, and a length of 400 mm, similarly to the steam pipe 14 and the liquid pipe 13, and heat radiation fins are thermally connected around the pipe and cooled by the blower fan 12. (See FIG. 2).
- n-pentane is used as the working fluid 49, but a fluid having a high vapor pressure such as butane or ammonia may be used.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing vapor pressure curves of various fluids.
- n-butane is used as the working fluid 49
- the boiling point under atmospheric pressure is about 36 ° C.
- the temperature of the working fluid 49 is in the vicinity of 50 to 70 ° C. Therefore, when butane or pentane is used as the working fluid 49, the vapor pressure becomes atmospheric pressure or higher.
- the adhesion between the evaporator case 1000 and the wick 1007 inside deteriorates and the performance decreases. It was.
- the evaporator 10 has a double structure and the pressure adjusting chamber 40A is provided on the upper surface side of the evaporation chamber 40A so that the vapor evaporating from the surface of the wick 47 flows into the pressure adjusting chamber 40B.
- the pressure adjusting hole 55 is provided in the partition wall 51, the evaporation chamber 40A and the pressure adjusting chamber 40B have the same pressure.
- FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are schematic diagrams for explaining the effects of the first embodiment.
- butane is used as the working fluid 49
- the working fluid impregnated in the wick 47 is heated by heat released from the electronic component 20
- the vapor pressure in the evaporation chamber 40A increases. Since the vaporized working fluid flows into the pressure adjustment chamber 40B from the pressure adjustment hole 55, the vapor pressure applied from the evaporation chamber 40A to the partition wall 51 is substantially equal to the vapor pressure applied from the pressure adjustment chamber 40B to the partition wall 51, as shown in FIG.
- the partition wall 51 that contacts the wick 47 is not deformed by the internal pressure.
- the upper surface 53 of the evaporator case 40 (which is also the upper surface of the pressure adjusting chamber 40B in the first embodiment) has a higher butane saturated vapor pressure than the external atmospheric pressure, and thus expands outward. Then bend.
- the partition wall 51 itself is not deformed, even when the internal pressure of the evaporation chamber 40A is increased by the vapor pressure of the working fluid 49, the evaporation chamber 40A and the wick 47 can maintain good thermal contact.
- FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B are diagrams showing an example of mounting the evaporator 10 of the first embodiment.
- the evaporator 10 of the loop heat pipe 1 is disposed on the electronic component 20 on the printed circuit board 30 via the thermal grease 21 and is fixed to the printed circuit board 30 with an attachment screw 31.
- the calorific value of the evaporator 10 is about 60 W in the first embodiment.
- the condenser 11 (not shown) is cooled at room temperature (25 ° C.) by the blower fan ( ⁇ 90 mm, 12 V drive) 12.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the cooling performance of the loop heat pipe configured as described above.
- a loop heat pipe incorporating the evaporator having the conventional structure shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured, and an operation experiment was performed to compare the cooling performance with the loop heat pipe 1 of the first embodiment.
- the horizontal axis of the graph indicates the heater heating amount (heat generation amount of the electronic component), and the vertical axis indicates the thermal resistance of the evaporator 10 and the condensing unit 11.
- the thermal resistance is a value obtained by dividing the difference between the temperature of the heat receiving surface 42 of the evaporator 10 and the average temperature of the condenser 11 by the amount of heat of the heating element 20. The lower the thermal resistance value, that is, the smaller the temperature difference between the heat receiving surface 42 and the condensing unit 11, the more efficiently heat is transferred from the evaporator 10 to the condensing unit 11, indicating a higher cooling performance.
- FIG. 8A and 8B are diagrams showing a first modification of the first embodiment.
- the outer wall (for example, the upper surface) 63 of the evaporator case 60 constituting the pressure control chamber 60B is set thinner than the partition wall 61 that partitions the evaporation chamber 60A and the pressure control chamber 60B.
- the thickness of the partition wall 61 is 2 mm
- the thickness of the upper surface 63 of the evaporator case 60 is 1 mm.
- the outer wall surface (upper surface) 63 By making the outer wall surface (upper surface) 63 thinner than the inner partition wall 61, the outer wall surface 63 is deformed to the outside (atmosphere side) due to the vapor pressure flowing into the pressure regulating chamber 60B. Almost no deformation occurs. This configuration is effective in keeping the adhesion between the inner partition wall 61 and the wick 47 constant.
- the thickness of the outer wall 63 is 1 ⁇ 2 of the thickness of the partition wall 61.
- the thickness is not limited to this example, and the outer wall 63 can be appropriately deformed without affecting the shape of the partition wall 61. Can be set to any thickness. Depending on the type of working fluid used, for example, the thickness of the outer wall 63 can be appropriately set within the range of 1/5 to 2/3 of the thickness of the partition wall 61 (check if there is no problem in this range). Please give me).
- FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are diagrams showing a second modification of the first embodiment.
- the upper surface 73 of the evaporator case 70 and the inner partition wall 71 have the same thickness, but the partition wall 71 is slightly curved toward the evaporation chamber 70A where the wick 47 is disposed.
- the pressure regulation chamber 70B is not deformed as shown in FIG. 9A.
- the pressure adjustment chamber 70B expands as shown in FIG. 9B.
- the inner partition wall 71 is also curved to the wick 47 side. Deforms in a direction to increase As a result, a force that presses the partition wall 71 against the wick 47 works. Thereby, the adhesiveness of the partition 71 and the wick 47 further increases, and the cooling performance of the loop heat pipe is improved.
- the cooling performance of the loop heat pipe can be improved and stabilized with a simple configuration, and a stable operation of the electronic apparatus can be realized.
- FIGS. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing the configuration of the evaporator 80 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 10A is a cross-sectional view along the direction in which the working fluid flows
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view along the line AA ′ in FIG. 10A.
- the evaporator 80 has an evaporation chamber (first space) 90A having a liquid supply passage 86 and a second fluid chamber (second space) 90B having airtightness.
- the second fluid chamber 90B is a space for accommodating the second fluid 100 having a saturated vapor pressure higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the working fluid supplied to the evaporation chamber 90A at the same temperature. At least a part of the second fluid 100 is the liquid phase 100b.
- the bottom surface of the evaporator case 90 is the heat receiving surface 82.
- the evaporator 80 is mounted on the heating element 20 so that the heat receiving surface 82 is in contact with the heating element 20 such as an electronic component, and receives heat from the electronic component (see FIGS. 11A and 11B).
- a wick (porous body) 47 is in mechanical and thermal contact with the inner wall of the evaporation chamber 90A.
- the working fluid 89 supplied to the evaporation chamber 90 ⁇ / b> A through the liquid pipe 83 is impregnated in the wick 47, heated by the heat transmitted from the evaporator case 40 to the wick 47, and vaporized.
- the vaporized vapor flows from the groove 45 formed in the wick 47 into the vapor pipe 84.
- a part of the second fluid sealed in the second fluid chamber 90B is vaporized by the heat transmitted through the evaporator case 90, and both the gas phase 100a and the liquid phase 100b exist. It is in a state.
- the evaporator case 80 is a flat plate having an overall height of 18 mm, a width of 60 mm, and a length of 70 mm.
- the double fluid structure 90B is provided on the upper surface side of the evaporation chamber 90A, and the second fluid quality 90B is a sealed space having a height of 1 mm, a width of 56 mm, and a length of 66 mm.
- the second fluid chamber 90B is separated from the evaporation chamber 90A by a partition wall 91 having a thickness of 2 mm.
- the indoor dimensions of the evaporation chamber 90A are 11 mm in height, 56 mm in width, and 66 mm in length, and the overall wall thickness is 2 mm.
- the material of the evaporator case 90 and the partition wall 91 is oxygen-free copper in the second embodiment.
- a material such as stainless steel having a high rigidity is often used so as to withstand a high internal pressure, but in the second embodiment, it is not always necessary to use a material having a high rigidity as will be described later. . Rather, it is preferable to use a material having a higher thermal conductivity than stainless steel so that the evaporator case 90 has a uniform temperature.
- a material such as an aluminum alloy may be used for weight reduction.
- the wick 47 disposed inside the evaporation chamber 90A is made of sintered nickel, has a porous diameter of 10 ⁇ m, and a porosity of about 50%.
- the outer dimensions of the wick 47 are 11 mm in height, 56 mm in width, and 50 mm in length, and the height dimension is particularly precisely manufactured so as to fit in close contact with the inner wall of the evaporation chamber 90A.
- 15 steam passages (grooves) 45 each having a width of 1 mm and a depth of 2 mm are formed at a pitch of 3 mm.
- a liquid supply passage 86 having a height of 3 mm, a width of 40 mm, and a length of 40 mm is provided in the center of the wick 47 in order to draw the hydraulic fluid 49 supplied from the liquid pipe 13 into the wick 47.
- the vapor pipe 84 and the liquid pipe 83 connecting the evaporator 80 and the condensing unit 11 are both copper pipes having an outer diameter of 6 mm, an inner diameter of 5 mm, and a length of about 300 mm.
- the condensing unit 11 is a copper pipe having an outer diameter of 6 mm, an inner diameter of 5 mm, and a length of 400 mm, like the steam pipe 84 and the liquid pipe 83, and thermally radiating fins around the pipe, and is cooled by the blower fan 12. I tried to do it.
- n-pentane is used as the working fluid 89.
- the boiling point of pentane under atmospheric pressure is about 36 ° C.
- the temperature of the working fluid 89 is about 50 to 70 ° C., so that the vapor pressure of pentane is over atmospheric pressure.
- 1 cc of butane is sealed in advance in the second fluid chamber 90B as the second fluid.
- the butane is sealed in the second fluid chamber 90B in the same manner as the working fluid of the loop heat pipe is sealed, and only the second fluid (butane) is sealed after the internal space is evacuated.
- the second fluid has a predominant gas phase when the heating element (electronic component) 20 is operated, but at least a part of the second fluid is in a liquid phase throughout the operation and non-operation.
- FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B are schematic diagrams for explaining the effect of the second embodiment.
- the saturated vapor pressure of butane at the same temperature is higher than the saturated vapor pressure of n-pentane, which is the working fluid, but the second fluid chamber 90B is not deformed when the operation is stopped.
- the partition wall 91 has a lower pressure, It is pressed to the evaporation chamber 90A side where the wick 47 is installed.
- the partition wall 91 comes into close contact with the wick 47 as the evaporator case 90 receives heat from the heating element 20 and becomes higher in temperature.
- the upper surface of the second fluid chamber 90B. 93 curves toward the outside, but the partition wall 91 also expands toward the evaporation chamber 90 ⁇ / b> A, so that the adhesion with the wick 47 is improved.
- FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B are diagrams showing a modification of the evaporator of the second embodiment.
- the thickness of the partition wall 91 is 2 mm, which is the same as the wall thickness of the evaporator case 90.
- the thickness of the partition wall 91a that separates the evaporation chamber 90A and the second fluid chamber 90B of the evaporator 80a. Is thinner than the wall thickness of the evaporator case 90, for example, 1 mm.
- FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are diagrams showing an example of mounting the evaporator 80 of the second embodiment.
- the evaporator 80 of the loop heat pipe 1 is disposed on the electronic component 20 on the printed circuit board 30 via the thermal grease 21, and is fixed to the printed circuit board 30 by the mounting screws 31.
- the calorific value of the evaporator 80 is about 60 W in the second embodiment.
- the condensing part 11 (not shown) is cooled at room temperature (25 ° C.) by a blower fan ( ⁇ 90 mm, 12 V drive) 12.
- the heat transferred from the heat generating component 20 to the evaporator case 90 vaporizes the working fluid impregnated in the wick 47, and the second fluid having a higher saturated vapor pressure than the working fluid sealed in the second fluid material 90B. It vaporizes and presses the partition wall 91 against the wick 47 on the evaporation chamber 90A side.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing the cooling performance of the loop heat pipe of the second embodiment.
- a loop heat pipe incorporating the conventional wick structure shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C was manufactured, and an operation experiment was performed to compare the cooling performance with the loop heat pipe 1 of the second embodiment.
- the horizontal axis of the graph indicates the heater heating amount (heat generation amount of the electronic component), and the vertical axis indicates the thermal resistance of the evaporator 80 and the condensing unit 11.
- the thermal resistance is a value obtained by dividing the difference between the temperature of the heat receiving surface 82 of the evaporator 80 and the average temperature of the condenser 11 by the amount of heat of the heating element 20. The lower the thermal resistance value, that is, the smaller the temperature difference between the heat receiving surface 82 and the condensing unit 11, the more efficiently heat is transferred from the evaporator 80 to the condensing unit 11, indicating a higher cooling performance.
- the amount of deformation of the Cu evaporator case 90 having a width of 56 mm when pentane was used as the working fluid was calculated.
- the case expands to the outside by 95 ⁇ m. Deform.
- the thermal contact between the case and the wick cannot be obtained and the thermal resistance increases.
- the internal pressure of the evaporation chamber 90 ⁇ / b> A is 0.5 MPa lower than the internal pressure of the second fluid chamber 90. If there is no wick in the evaporation chamber 90A, the partition wall 91 of the evaporator case protrudes 140 ⁇ m to the evaporation chamber 90A side. However, since the wick 47 is in the evaporation chamber 90A, the partition wall 91 is pressed against the wick 47. It is considered that the adhesion is improved.
- the second space is provided only on the upper surface of the evaporator case having a large heat conduction area, that is, the surface opposite to the heat receiving surface.
- the second space may be formed so as to cover one or both side walls of the (space).
- the second space is formed by covering the upper surface and both side walls of the evaporation chamber (first space)
- a double structure is adopted over three surfaces excluding the heat receiving surface of the evaporator. In this case, the thermal adhesion between the wick and the evaporation chamber is further improved.
- the loop heat pipe according to the present invention can be applied to various heat generator cooling devices such as electronic devices.
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Abstract
Description
前記発熱体との接触面を有し、前記連結管から供給される前記作動流体を蒸発させる第1空間と、
前記第1空間を構成する面のうち、前記接触面以外の少なくとも1つの面に設けられる第2空間と、
を有し、前記第1空間と第2空間を隔てる隔壁に、前記第1空間と第2空間を連通する連通穴が設けられている構成とする。
前記発熱体との接触面を有し、前記液管から供給される前記作動流体を蒸発させる第1空間と、
前記第1空間を構成する面のうち、前記接触面以外の少なくとも1つの面に設けられ、同一温度において前記作動流体よりも飽和蒸気圧の高い第2の流体を密封する第2空間と
を有する構成とする。
10、80 蒸発器
13、83 液管
14、84 蒸気管
20 発熱体(電子機器)
40、60、70、90 蒸発器ケース
40A,60A、70A、90A 蒸発室(第1空間)
42、82 受熱面
47 ウィック
49、89 作動流体
40B、60B、70B 圧力調整室(第2空間)
51、61、71、91、91a 隔壁
55、65、75 圧力調整穴(連通穴)
90B 第2流体室(第2空間)
100 第2流体
100a 気相状態の第2流体
100b 液相状態の第2流体
Claims (10)
- 発熱体からの熱で作動流体を気化させる蒸発器と、気化された作動流体を凝縮させる凝縮器とを連結管でループ状に接続したループ型ヒートパイプであって、
前記蒸発器は、
前記発熱体との接触面を有し、前記連結管から供給される前記作動流体を蒸発させる第1空間と、
前記第1空間を構成する面のうち、前記接触面以外の少なくとも1つの面に設けられる第2空間と、
を有し、前記第1空間と第2空間を隔てる隔壁に、前記第1空間と第2空間を連通する連通穴が設けられていることを特徴とするループ型ヒートパイプ。 - 前記第2空間は、少なくとも前記第1空間の前記発熱体との接触面と反対側の面に形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のループ型ヒートパイプ。
- 前記作動流体の蒸気圧は大気圧よりも高く、前記第2空間と大気を隔てる外壁の厚さが、前記第1空間と第2空間を隔てる隔壁の厚さよりも薄いことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のループ型ヒートパイプ。
- 前記作動流体の蒸気圧は大気圧よりも高く、前記第1空間と第2空間を隔てる隔壁が、前記第1空間側に向かって湾曲していることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のループ型ヒートパイプ。
- 前記作動流体は、ペンタン、ブタン、及びアンモニアから選択されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のループ型ヒートパイプ。
- 発熱体からの熱で作動流体を気化させる蒸発器と、気化された作動流体を凝縮させる凝縮器とを連結管でループ状に接続したループ型ヒートパイプであって、
前記蒸発器は、
前記発熱体との接触面を有し、前記液管から供給される前記作動流体を蒸発させる第1空間と、
前記第1空間を構成する面のうち、前記接触面以外の少なくとも1つの面に設けられ、同一温度において前記作動流体よりも飽和蒸気圧の高い第2の流体を密封する第2空間と、
を有することを特徴とするループ型ヒートパイプ。 - 前記ループ型ヒートパイプの非作動時には、前記第2の流体の少なくとも一部は液相であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のループ型ヒートパイプ。
- 前記第1空間と第2空間を隔てる隔壁の厚さが、前記第2空間と大気を隔てる外壁の厚さよりも薄いことを特徴とする請求項7に記載のループ型ヒートパイプ。
- 前記第1空間の内部には、前記第1空間の内壁に沿って多孔質体が設けられ、前記多孔質体の中に、前記連結管により供給される作動流体の通路が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は6に記載のループ型ヒートパイプ。
- 前記蒸発器はステンレスよりも熱伝導率の高い材料で形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は6に記載のループ型ヒートパイプ。
Priority Applications (3)
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CN2010800652950A CN102792119A (zh) | 2010-03-29 | 2010-09-21 | 环型热管 |
JP2012508014A JPWO2011121819A1 (ja) | 2010-03-29 | 2010-09-21 | ループ型ヒートパイプ |
US13/591,397 US20120312506A1 (en) | 2010-03-29 | 2012-08-22 | Loop heat pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2010-075443 | 2010-03-29 | ||
JP2010075443 | 2010-03-29 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/591,397 Continuation US20120312506A1 (en) | 2010-03-29 | 2012-08-22 | Loop heat pipe |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2011121819A1 true WO2011121819A1 (ja) | 2011-10-06 |
Family
ID=44711595
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2010/066329 WO2011121819A1 (ja) | 2010-03-29 | 2010-09-21 | ループ型ヒートパイプ |
Country Status (4)
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US (1) | US20120312506A1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JPWO2011121819A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102792119A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011121819A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015036891A1 (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-19 | Žilinská Univerzita V Žiline | Compact evaporator with closed loop |
JP2022518854A (ja) * | 2019-01-29 | 2022-03-16 | 株洲智▲熱▼技▲術▼有限公司 | 相転移放熱装置 |
JP2022518864A (ja) * | 2019-01-29 | 2022-03-16 | 株洲智▲熱▼技▲術▼有限公司 | 相転移放熱装置 |
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TWM512883U (zh) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-11-21 | Cooler Master Co Ltd | 散熱模組、水冷式散熱模組及散熱系統 |
WO2016201080A1 (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2016-12-15 | Hamilton Sunstrand Corporation | Modular heat exchanger design |
US10622282B2 (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2020-04-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems and methods for cooling an electronic device |
US20190360759A1 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-11-28 | Purdue Research Foundation | Permeable membrane microchannel heat sinks and methods of making |
US10985085B2 (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2021-04-20 | Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc. | Semiconductor device package and method for manufacturing the same |
CN113776371B (zh) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-12-16 | 山东交通学院 | 一种直线壁导引环路热管 |
CN113776370B (zh) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-12-16 | 山东交通学院 | 一种弯曲弧壁引流环路热管 |
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JPS63201493A (ja) * | 1987-02-16 | 1988-08-19 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | ヒ−トパイプ |
JP2005259747A (ja) * | 2004-03-09 | 2005-09-22 | Sony Corp | 熱輸送装置及び電子機器 |
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JP2005079483A (ja) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-03-24 | Hitachi Ltd | 電子機器装置 |
US20060162903A1 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2006-07-27 | Bhatti Mohinder S | Liquid cooled thermosiphon with flexible partition |
CN101307996B (zh) * | 2007-05-17 | 2010-06-02 | 私立淡江大学 | 平板蒸发器结构及具有平板蒸发器结构的回路式热管 |
-
2010
- 2010-09-21 WO PCT/JP2010/066329 patent/WO2011121819A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-09-21 JP JP2012508014A patent/JPWO2011121819A1/ja active Pending
- 2010-09-21 CN CN2010800652950A patent/CN102792119A/zh active Pending
-
2012
- 2012-08-22 US US13/591,397 patent/US20120312506A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2013
- 2013-08-23 JP JP2013173479A patent/JP2013231597A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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JPS63201493A (ja) * | 1987-02-16 | 1988-08-19 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | ヒ−トパイプ |
JP2005259747A (ja) * | 2004-03-09 | 2005-09-22 | Sony Corp | 熱輸送装置及び電子機器 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015036891A1 (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-19 | Žilinská Univerzita V Žiline | Compact evaporator with closed loop |
JP2022518854A (ja) * | 2019-01-29 | 2022-03-16 | 株洲智▲熱▼技▲術▼有限公司 | 相転移放熱装置 |
JP2022518864A (ja) * | 2019-01-29 | 2022-03-16 | 株洲智▲熱▼技▲術▼有限公司 | 相転移放熱装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20120312506A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
JP2013231597A (ja) | 2013-11-14 |
JPWO2011121819A1 (ja) | 2013-07-04 |
CN102792119A (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
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