US968823A - Propelling device. - Google Patents

Description

G. WESTINGHOUSE.

PROPELLING DEVICE.

urmou'mn FILED JULY 25, 1904.

Patented Aug. 30, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

w$ wiy G. WESTINGHOUSE.

PHOPELLING DEVIUE.

urmunxou FILED nuns. 1904.

Patented Aug. 30, 1910.

2 SHEETB-BHEET 2.

rm: NORRIS PETERS co., WASHINGIVN, o. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, OF IPIT'I'SIBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

PROPELLING DEVICE.

968,823. Specification of Letters Patent Patented Aug. 30, 1910. Application filed July 25, 1904. Serial No. 217,910.

To all whom it may concern: ranging and proportioning the parts such Be it known that I, GEORGE WESTING- difference in speed may be provided without HOUSE, a citizen of the United States, and any material or excessive loss in efficiency, resident of Pittsburg, county of Allegheny, because the portion of the net energy which 5 State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain is imparted to the fluid medium passing new and useful Improvements in Propelling through the pump which is not expended in Devices, of which the following is a specifidriving the secondary element is expended cation. in thrust against the exterior fluid medium.

For many purposes the steam turbine on One way of regarding the apparatus is to 1o gine is a desirable form'of prime mover, but view it as a centrifugal pump forcing fluid the normal and efficient speed at which the outwardly and tending to propel the prime screw-propeller of a steamship should be mover by ejecting force while a portion of driven is so greatly less than the normal the energy is communicated through the speed at which a turbine of convenient size pump to the exterior propeller. The ques- 15 can efficiently operate, that a direct connection as to which of these forces shall pre tion between the shaft of a turbine and a dominate is determined in any case by the propeller can only be resorted to by the use conditions thereof. Various difierent well of propellers and turbines both of abnormal known forms of centrifugal pumps may be proportions, and then not without seriously readily adapted to the purpose. 20 affecting the efficiency of the apparatus as a There are various uses other than the prowhole, and encountering other serious diffipulsion of ships to which the broad princiculties due to the large space required for inples of my invention are applicable, but for stalling such abnormal turbines. For like the purposes of description it is more conreasons, the normal speed of the turbine envenient to consider it in connection with a 25 gine is too great for the operation of a propturbine-driven ship.

erly proportioned centrifugal pump. In the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 My present invention relates to a method is a longitudinal cross section of a portion of of applying the power of a turbine at a pre a ship equipped with a turbine and propelferred speed, for the propulsion of vessels ling apparatus embodying the general fea- 30 and for other similar uses in an economical tures of my invention; Fig. 2 is an end viewand effective manner, and securing a rate of thereof; and Fig. 3 is a detail. revolution of a propeller best suited to the Referring to the drawings, 1, represents requirements. a portion of the hull of a ship, and, 2, rep- The general plan of the invention conresents a portion of the shaft of a steam 35 sists in combining with an ordinary proturbine of which there may be any desired peller and its shaft, a relatively small pronumber, one shaft only being shown for the peller driven by the turbine, and causing present purposes. The shaft of the turbine this to act both as a propeller and the priprojects through the stern of the ship in any mary element of a pump, the secondary of usual and convenient manner and carries at 40 which is attached to and forms part of a its end a screw-propeller, 4, having for inmain propeller. The rate of revolution of stance, twelve blades 5. A hollow shaft, 6, the secondary element with the main propelsurrounds the shaft 2 and carries a main ler, will be dependent upon the slip between propeller, 7, which in this instance is shown the primary and the secondary elements of as having four blades 8. These blades carry 45 the pump. If, for instance, the primary a ring or cylinder, 9, inclosing the propeller element revolves at the rate of, say, 900 rev- 4. The outer end of the cylinder 9 is prolutions per minute and the slip between the vided with inclined blades, 10, arranged in primary and secondary elements be such such manner as to be driven forward by the that the secondary revolves at one-third the pressure of the water forced against them by 50 speed of the primary, then the main propelthe revolution of the inner propeller 4. In ler will revolve at the rate of 300 revolutions this manner the propeller 4: acts as the priper minute. In a general way the diflermary element of a pump and the blades 10 ence of 600 revolutions per minute between and their support, as the secondary element. the two elements represents the energy ex- I The blades 5 are here shown as provided 55 pended in communicating motion and power with transverse walls 12 for preventing a to the main propeller, but by properly aruseless and wasteful radial movement of the water Within the space between the blades and 10. In the drawing, I have shown two sets of these walls making in eifeot practically two cylindrical partitlons Within the circumference of the propeller 4. Similar Walls 13, are shown for the blades 10, for better insuring the direct flow of the water passing outward from the propeller 4.

When the steam turbine is driven at the speed best suited to secure the highest efficiency water will be drawn between the inner portions of the blades of the propeller 7 and forced outward against the blades 10, causing the main propeller 7, to revolve at a rate which will be dependent upon the proportions of the operative parts and the consequent slip between the two elements. By suitably adjusting the parts, this slip may be made such as to secure any desired relative rate of revolution on the part of the main propeller. For instance, in a given case, it may be desired to drive the turblne at, say, 900 revolutions per minute and the main propeller at, say, 300 revolutlons per minute. The diameter of the main propeller may he, say, sixteen feet and of the inner propeller, say, eight feet.

In constructing propellers of the ordinary type it is obvious though impossible of reallzation that the best advantages would result if approximately the same speed in feet per minute could be attained by each portion of the propeller blades regardless of their distance from the center of revolution. In the construction described herein it will be observed that a high speed is secured on the part of the propeller 4:, thus approximating the rate of the outer ends of the main propeller. This combination of two propellers as herein described results in securing more nearly the desirable propeller blade rate of speed on the part of the entire combination, with the attendant advantages.

The energy is imparted by the turbine to the propeller 4c, and sets in motion the water between it and the blades 10, in such a man ner that the reactive effect of the water emerging from between these blades is mostly expended in rotating the main propeller 7 any remaining energy is utilized in assisting propulsion by the reaction against the water of flotation. In this way it is believed a high efiiciency can be obtained by properly proportioning the operative parts since the losses should only be those incidental to the friction of the water. The blades 5 are shown as extending in an inclined direction for the purpose of bringing the parts in close relation to the stern of the vessel and rendering the entire structure strong and compact. It will be further un derstood that the apparatus may be driven in the reverse direction for the purpose of backing a ship, the operation under such circumstances being apparent.

tion and may be variously modified to meet the requirements of different cases. It will also be understood that the inner propeller may be of a general form and construction similar to that employed in centrifugal pumps or water turbines.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination of a vessel, a prime mover carried thereby, a propeller, propelling blades driven by the fiuid acted upon by the propeller, and a second propeller driven by said propelling blades.

2. The combination of a prime mover and a fluid pump comprising primary and secondary elements, the primary element of which is driven by the prime mover, a propeller attached directly to and driven by the secondary element of the pump, the arrangement being such that the flow of fluid through the secondary element is utilized for aiding in the propulsive effort of said propeller.

3. The combination of a steam turbine, a propeller directly driven thereby, a second propeller of larger diameter, and blades carried thereby acted upon by fluid pressure produced by the first named propeller to drive the second propeller.

4. The combination with a screw-propeller and a prime mover, of an intermediate speed reducing device, comprising a propeller directly driven by the prime mover, a water turbine driven thereby, and communicating its motion to the first named propeller.

5. In combination with a propeller secured to and driven by a rotatable shaft, a casing rotatably mounted on said shaft and provided with outwardly extending blades on one side of the propeller and a set of inwardly extending blades located at the other side of said propeller.

6. In combination with a propeller secured to and driven by a rotatable shaft, a casing rotatably mounted on said shaft and inclosing said propeller and a set of radial blEhClBS mounted on each side of said proe er. p 7. The combination with a main propeller, of a second high speed propeller, a

casing surrounding said second propeller and secured to said main propeller, and means whereby the fluid delivered by said second propeller is eflective in driving said main propeller.

8. The combination with a high speed propeller, of radially extending propeller blades mounted in front and radially extending propeller blades mounted in the rear of said propeller, of means whereby the fluid delivered to the blades to the rear of said propeller is effective in driving the blades located in front of said-propeller.

9. In combination with a propeller, means for abstracting a portion of the velocity energy transmitted to the immersing fluid and devices driven by said means for imparting rotary motion to the fluid delivered to said propeller and for imparting longi tudinal motion to a body of fluid surrounding said propeller.

10. In combination with a propeller, means for abstracting a portion of the velocity energy transmitted to the immersing fluid and devices, driven by said means, for imparting rotary motion to the fluid delivered to said propeller.

11. In combination with a propeller secured to and driven by a rotatable shaft, a casing rotatably mounted on said shaft and inclosing said propeller and blades mounted on said casing and on opposite sides of the propeller for abstracting a portion of the velocity of the fluid impelled by said propeller and for driving said casing.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York, and State of New York this 22nd day of July A. D. 1904.

' GEO. WESTINGHOUSE.

Witnesses:

H. C. TENER, WM. H. CAPEL.

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