US422413A - holmes - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheen 1.

B. F. HOLMES.

STOCK GAR.

@Patented Mar. 4, 1890.

N, marins Phnwmwgnpher, wmangw'.- n. c,

(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheen 2, B. F. HOLMES. STOCK GAR.

No. 422,413. Patented Mar. 4, 1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN F. HOLMES, OF NEI/V YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN -LIVE STOCK EXPRESS COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

STOCK-CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 422,413, dated March 4, 1890.

Application filed .Tune 23, 1887.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, BENJAMIN F. HOLMES, of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Stock-Cars,

of which the following is a speciiication.

I will describe a stock-car embodying my improvement in detail, and then point out the novel features in claims.

I have only illustrated in the accompanying drawings such portions of a stock-car as are conducive to a clear understanding of my improvement.

Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section of a stock-car embodying my improvement, taken in the plane of the dotted line s S,Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section thereof, taken on the plane of the dotted line a: oc, Fig. l. Fig. 3 i's a plan or top View of the car, a certain portion being broken away to disclose a part which would otherwise have been concealed. Fig. 4 is an end view of the car. Fig. 5 is an outside view of one of a number of shutters employed in the car. Fig. 6 is a view of the same looking from the top and partly in section. Fig. 7 is a transverse section of a portion of one of the stanchions of a car and of one of certain sprocket-chains, showing means for securing the sprocket-chains to slats comprised in movable partitions employed in the car. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a'portion of a sprocket-chain and further illustrating the means for securing thesame to the said slats. Fig. 9 is a face view of certain sprocketwheels over which said sprocket-chains pass and a plate to which they are attached. Fig. 10 is an edge view of said sprocket-wheels anda side view of the plate. Fig. 11 is a face View of one of a nnmberof other sprocketwheels and plates around which said sprocketchains pass., Fig. 12 is a section of the same, taken on the plane of the dotted line y y, Fig. 11. Figs. 7 and 12 are drawn to an enlarged scale. Fig. 13 is a face view of a portion of a certain pipe-protector employed in the car. Fig. 14 is a vertical section of the same. Fig. 15 is a vertical section of a portion of the side of a car, showing a modified form of means for raising and lowering a door employed in the car. Fig. 16 is a view on an enlarged scale and partly in section illustrat- Serial No. 242,225. (No model.)

ing a portion of a car and the means employed to cause the door when being raised or lowered to pass around a curve. Fig. 17 is a detail showing part of the said means.

A designates the roof of the car, and B the iloor.

C designates stanchions extending from the iioor to the roof and acting as supports for the latter.

The portions D of the sides of the car are,' as shown, continuous for a distance above the floor, and are provided at their lower edges with hinged doors @,which lnay be opened for the purpose of cleaning the iioor of the car. 6 5

The portions D of the side of the car arev composed of slats b, extending lengthwise of the car and so arranged that spaces will be left between the slats. Preferably theupper edges of the slats will incline outwardly and 7o downwardly. I have shown them so constructed in Fig. l. When the spaces between the slats are uncovered, air may circulate freely through the same. It is often desirable, however, to cover thespaces between the slats in case of storms or for other reason, and I employ sliding shutters for this purpose. These shutters are illustrated particularly in Figs. l, 2, and 5.

I construct the shutters as follows: I take 8c sheet-metal slats a', preferably galvanized iron, which slats shall about equal in width the width of the spaces between the slats b of the car. Against these slats I place wirenetting a2, preferably made of galvanized iron wire. Having so arranged the slats a that the spaces between them about equal the spaces between the slats b, I secure the whole together by means of a metal strip as, extending about the sides and one end of the 9o shutter and pinched over the same. Preferably I rivet the strip a3 to the slats and the netting, as shown more clearly in Fig. 6. These shutters slide up and down in vertical grooves in the sides of the stanchions C. These grooves are shown more clearly in dotted outline in Fig. 2. I have shown convenient means for raising and lowering them, consisting in rack-bars a4, secured to the shutters near the tops and sides of the latter. Ioo They may be so secured by rivets or otherwise. Adapted to engage with these rackbars are pinions d5, which pinions are keyed on a shaft d", extending lengthwise of the car and journaled in suitable bearings in the stanehions C. By rotating the shaft the shutters maybe raised or lowered, as desired. It is to be understood that all the shutters will be raised and lowered simultaneously. I have shown the shutters so arranged that when elevated the slats d thereof will be opposite the slats D of the car, and the spaces between the slats a b will be open, save for the wire-netting which covers them. lVhen lowered, the slats d will cover the spaces between the slats I). The use of wire-netting is advantageous, because it tends to exclude dust and dirt which might otherwise enter.

`The lower edges of the slats a., I have shown separating the stock.

transverse to the lengths of the slats. These partitions are to be elevated and lowered as occasion requires. I have shown means for elevating and lowering them, consisting in endless chains G. The chains G are sprocketchains, and I have illustrated more clearly in vFigs. 7 and S the means I employ for securing' -theslats tothe sprocket-chains. The ends of caps composed of two sections c c.

each of the slats are provided with metallic These sections embrace the ends of the slats, one upon each side. They are composed of side lportions c2, top and bottom iianges c3, and end flanges c". The end portions of the slats are preferably cut away, so that when the sections c c are in place their side and top and bot- -tom surfaces will be ilush with the corresponding surfaces of the slats. The sections c e having been placed about the end portions of the slats, they are secured thereon by'` means of bolts e, extending transversely through the sections and the slats. Then thus secured in place, the edges of the flanges e3 c4 will preferably meet, except as hereinafter stated. When in place on the slats, the sections e c' will preferably extend for some distance beyond the ends ofthe slats, whereby spaces will be formed between the ends of the slats and the end iianges cl of the sec- Vtions e c of the caps. Each of the end flanges e1L has formed in its edge a semieircular recess c, which when the portions c e are secured 011 the slats forms a circular apertui'e through the end of the cap. As shown, this aperture is near the top of the caps. Each of these end flanges has formed in its edge also, as shown, near its lower end, a longitudinal recess c7, which recess extends for some distance in the direct-ion of the iiange and quite to the lower end thereof. When the sections c c are in place on the slats, the recesses c7 will be opposite each other and form a longitudinal slot in the end of the cap. The sprocket-chains are provided at intervals in their lengths with projections or lugs es. These projections are, as shown, cylindrical and may be formed with the links of the chains. The outer ends of the projections are provided with flanged heads c. Previous to securing the sections e e of the caps on the slats the projections e8 are brought into such position that when said sections are secured on the slats one of them will extend through the circular aperture formed by the semicircular recesses c, and the other will extend through the slot formed by the recesses el. The heads e9 on the projections es will then be within the space between the ends of the slats and the end iianges c4 of the sections e e and the outward movement of the projections will be prevented. By this means the chains will be secured to the slats.A By providing the ends of the caps with longitudinal slots, as described, opportunity is afforded for movement of the projections e8 toward and from each other, which movement will occur to a greater or less extent as the partitions are moved around curves, in .manner to be now described.

The sprocket-chains G extend over and around sprocket-wheels gg2 g3 g4. The sprocket-wheels g are located beneath the iloor of the car and are mounted upon shafts gm, extending transversely to the length of thecar and journaled in the frame thereof. The sprocket-wheels g2 gare located near the roof of the car and nearly above the sprocketwheel g. They are mounted upon studs gf', formed upon metal plates g, which metal plates are secured to the stanehions C. The sprocket-wheels g4 are located nearer the roof of the car than the wheels q2 g3 and at a considerable distance therefrom, so that the sprocketchains will pass upwardly at an an-l gle from the wheels g2 gi to the wheels g, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2. The wheels g4 are mounted upon suitable studs extending from plates g1, secured to the frame of the car. It is very desirable that the sprocketchains when moving `up and down in a vcrtical plane should travelus closely together as possible in order that as little space may be taken up by the partitions and their appurtenances as possible. For this reason I secure to the under side of the iioor of the car anti-friction rollers go. These anti-friction rollers are above but in proximity to the sprocket-wheels g. The two portions of the sprocket-chains pass upon-the inside of the anti-friction rollers, which latter are in such near proximity to each other as to cause the two portions of the sprocket-chains to be brought close together, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2.v The two portions of the sprocketchains extend through longitudinal grooves 97, formed in the faces of the stanchions C, as shown more clearly in Fig. 7. Metal plates gS are secured by screws or otherwise to the IOO forming the side walls of the grooves.

front edges of the portions of the stanchions These plates extend for a distance over the front of the grooves, but do not meet. The caps on the en ds of the slats H extend into the grooves Q7 and through the spaces between the metal plates g8. Outwardly-extending flanges gg, with which the caps are provided, extend over the plates g8 inside the grooves, and thus prevent outward movement of the slats II. The plates g8 act as guides for the partitions in their up and down movements. In order to maintain the vertical portions of the sprocket-chains in their relative nearness of juxtaposition, I arrange the sprocket-wheels g2 g3 as nearly in vertical line with each other as possible and still maintain the separation of the vertical portions of the sprocket-chains. I have found it expedient to secure the wheels g2 g3 upon metal'plates g. These plates are L-shaped in the cross-section and arefitte'd upon corners of the stanchions C. I prefer to secure them to the stanchions by screws or construction in Figs. ll and 12.

bolts passing` through suitable apertures in that portion of the plates which extends at the sides of the stanchions. I have shown bolt-holes for this purpose in Fig. 10. The` of the sprocket-wheels is provided with a` hollow hub gn, which hub has upon one side an o eninlr 13. Shown more'clearl in FiomV D y D 10.) Near the ends of the studs are transversely-extending apertures adapted to receive cotter-pinsglt. The wheels g2 g3 g4 having been placed on the studs, the Cotter-pins g14 are passed through the opening gl3 and the apertures in the ends of the studs,where by the wheels are secured on the studs.

The plates gw, upon which the sprocketwheels g4 are mounted, are so constructed as to be adjusted into Vdierent positions in order to vary the tension upon the sprocketchains G as desired. I have shown this The plates are provided near their ends with longitudinallyextending slots glthrough which extend bolts g1g, by which the plates are secured to the car. Extending at approximately right angles to the slots g17 and across'the same are a number of parallel grooves g1",

- forming between them parallel ribs. Washers Q20 are employed, which washers have formed upon their inner faces ribs corresponding to the grooves on the faces of the plates. By loosening the bolts the plates may be moved longitudinally into any desired position, and then by tightening the bolts may be secured in such position. v

In order to elevate and lower the partitions,

the' shafts 915 are rotated. This may be done Y the sides of the car.

by applying a crank to squared ends of the shafts.

J designates pipes for water. As shown more clearly in Fig. 4, these pipes extend to branch pipes J which communicate with water-tanks J 2, located at the ends of the car. At the joints between the pipes J J are cocks j, which may be operated to supply water to the pipesJ when desired. The pipesJ extend in opposite directions along the ends of the car, and then parallel with each other along I have shown two sets o'f the pipes J, one extending from one end of the car and the other from the opposite end. The pipes of each set only extend as far as the doorways upon each side of the car. vThese pipes as usually employed are exposed to the external atmosphere on the outside and to the internal atmosphere upon the inside of the car. In other words, the pipes J are supported upon the frame of the car, alongitudinal space being left in the portionD of the sides of the car to receive them in such manner that portions of the pipes extend -to the exterior ofthe car and portions to the inside of the car. In order -to prevent the freezing of the pipes, I provide protectors J11 to extend over and cover the pipes upon the exterior of the car. .These protectors are preferably made of sheet metal, and, as shown, they are longitudinally curved, so that they may be secured both at their top and bottom edges to the sides of the car, and stillV avoid coming in contact with the pipes J. These protectors are hinged at their upper edges to the sides of the car, so that they may be swung up and away from the pipes when desirable. I have shown turn-buttons e' on the sides of the car, which may be turned to secure the protectorsv at their lower edges when in position about the pipes. It will be perceived that these protectors form air-cham-4 ICO IIO

in its width is a receptacle L for hay or other fodder to be fed to the stock. This receptacle extendsl for a considerable distance in the direction of the length of the car. It is provided with hinged covers upon its upper sides.

L designates airchambers arranged at and constituting the sides of the receptacle L and extending in the direction of the length of the latter. These chambers are, vas shown, narrower than they are deep and have perforations or apertures, as shown, in their bottoms, which afford communication between the interior of the car and the air-chambers. These chambers are closed at the top and are provided at their ends with doors l, which may be opened to afford free passage of Aair through the chambers from end to end.

In Fig. 3 I have illustrated the doors of one IZS Y of the chambers as open and those of the other chamber as closed. Foul air from within the ear rises through the said perforations into the air-chamber L, and when the doors Z are open a current of air will circulate through the air-chambers, carrying off the foul air therefrom. This action is of course greatly augmented when the car is in motion. I have Vshown two of such air-chambers; but I may use one or any other desired number, and I may arrange them in different relations tothe receptacle L than those shown.

The side doors .112 of the car are composed of slats j, secured together in the usual or any convenient manner, so that the doors will be dexible in the direction of their lengths, in order to enable them to be moved into avertical position to close the doorways or into a horizontal position beneath and near the roof of the car in order to leave the doorways open. This is a common form of door; but I employ certain novel guides for facilitating the passage of the doors around the curves near the roof of the ear (indicated by the letter J 13) when the doors are assuming their different positions. These guides consist of curved pieces of metal J, which may be cast or formed in any other suitable manner. As shown more clearly in Fig. 17, they are U-shaped in the cross-section and their outer sides are provided with iianges jl, which may be bolted or otherwise secured to the wood-work of the car. At intervals in thelengths of the sides of the guides spaces -are formed, in which are arranged anti-friction rollers or bowls jG. These rollers or bowls are mounted upon studs, which are preferably cast with the guides when the latter are formed by casting. Vhen the doors are being opened or closed, they will come in contact near their side edges with the rollers or bowls j, and their passage around the curves J 13 will thereby be materially facilitated.

In Fig. 1 I have shown means for raising and lowering the doors, consisting in endless chains J4, passing around pulleys j", mounted on a shaft j@ below the car, jonrnaled in suitable bearings on the frame thereof, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2. The chains are arranged beyond the side edges of the doors, and one of their ends is secured to the door near the bottom of the latter and the other of their ends near the top thereof. When the doors are down, the chains pass upwardly from the pulleys j to and over pulleys j, thence horizontally to and around pulleys 710, thence backwardly on themselves to and over pulleys j, and thence to the tops of the doors. Of course the position of the chains relatively to the pulleys j will be changed as the doors are raised. The pulleys in Fig. l I have shown only in dotted outline. They are mounted upon studs secured in any suitable manner to the frame 0l the car. Then the doors occupy their horizontal po.- sition near the roof of the car, they are supported upon metal supports I', here shown as L-shaped in cross-section. These supports are secured to the frame of the car in any suitable manner. Motion is transmitted to t-he shafts js by shafts j, of which I have shown but one. The shafts j extend transversely to the length of the car and beneath the same. They are jourualed in suit-able bearings thereon. Upon their inner ends are mounted bevel gearwheels j, which gearwheels engage other bevel gear-wheels j on the shaftj, NVhen the shafts j are rotated, rotary motion is transmitted to the shafts js, whereby the doors may be raised or lowered. The shafts 7'12 may be rotated by means of a hand-crank engaging squared heads on the outer ends of the shafts.

In Figs. 2, 15, and 16 I have illustrated a different mode of arranging the chains for elevating and lowering the doors and of the pulleys over which the chains pass, also a different niode of attaching the chains to the door. In this example of my improvement the chains are secured to the lower ends of the doors only. Only two pulleys are shown for each chain, the pulleys j and pulleys j", arranged near the top of the car. I have also shown idler rollers or bowlsjl, for causing the standing parts of' the chains to travel in close proximity to each other.

P designates a trough for feed and water, of which I may use any desired number. They may be mounted on the pipes J or in any other suitable manner.

I do not claim, broadly, herein a movable partition composed of slats and spacing-links hinged at each end thereof, as said feature is claimed by me in another application numbered 181,985.

W'hat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a stock-car, the combination,with.movable partitions composed of slats, ot' caps 011 said slats provided with apertures in their ends, the said caps extending beyond the ends of' the slats to form spaces between the ends of the caps and the slats, sprocket-chains, and projections on said chains extending through said apertures and engaging the caps, substantially as specified.

2. In a stock-car, the co1nbination,\vith movable partitions composed of slats, .of caps on said slats provided with apertures in their ends and extended beyond the ends of the slats to form spaces between the ends of the caps and the slats, projections on said chains extending through said apertures and en gaging the caps, stanchions provided with longitudinal grooves, through which said chains extend, plates secured to. the fronts of the stauchions and extending over said grooves, and anges in said caps contacting with saidv plates, substantially as specified.

In a stock-car, the co1nbination,with movable partitions composed of slats, of chains for elevating and lowering the partitions, stanchiens for the car provided with longitudinal IOO IIO

grooves, through which said chains extend, plates secured to the stanchions above said grooves, two studs on each of said plates,and pulleys mounted on said studs, over which said chains pass, substantially as specified.

4. In a stock-car, the combination,with movable partitions composed oi slats, of chains for elevating and lowering the partitions, stan` and inclosing the same, substantially as specified.

6. In a stock-car, the combination, With Water-supply pipes exposed to both the inside and outside of the car, of protectors for said pipes hinged to the outside of the car and normally inclosing the pipes, substantially as specified.

1 7. The combination, with a receptacle for feed arranged upon the top of the car and having hinged covers, of an air-chamber at the side of said receptacle closed at its top, perforations in the roof of the car opening into said air-chamber, and doors at each end of the air-chamber, substantially as speciiied.

8. In a stock-car, thecombination, Withja receptacle for feed arranged upon the roof of the car, provided with hinged covers, of an air-chamber upon each side of ysaid receptacleand forming' the side Walls thereof, each of` said air-chambers being closed4 at the top and provided with openings communicating with the interior of the car, and doors at the ends ofthe air-chambers, substantially as specified. l

9. In a stock-car, the combinationvith movable partitions, of chains for raising and lowering said partitions, pulleys over which said chains pass, and rollers or bowls adjacent to said pulleys forcing the standing parts of said chains into close proximity to each other, substantially as speciied.

BEJAMIN r.4 nHoLMns.

W'itnesses: l i

D. H. DRIsooLL, M. J. RoAcH.

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