US3844880A - Sequential addition of a cationic debonder, resin and deposition aid to a cellulosic fibrous slurry - Google Patents

Sequential addition of a cationic debonder, resin and deposition aid to a cellulosic fibrous slurry Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3844880A
US3844880A US00381081A US38108173A US3844880A US 3844880 A US3844880 A US 3844880A US 00381081 A US00381081 A US 00381081A US 38108173 A US38108173 A US 38108173A US 3844880 A US3844880 A US 3844880A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
resin
percent
fibers
furnish
deposition aid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00381081A
Inventor
F Meisel
K Larson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kimberly Clark Tissue Co
Original Assignee
Scott Paper Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scott Paper Co filed Critical Scott Paper Co
Priority to US00381081A priority Critical patent/US3844880A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3844880A publication Critical patent/US3844880A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/14—Making cellulose wadding, filter or blotting paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H17/35—Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/76—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by choice of auxiliary compounds which are added separately from at least one other compound, e.g. to improve the incorporation of the latter or to obtain an enhanced combined effect
    • D21H23/765—Addition of all compounds to the pulp

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to improved cellulosic sheet materials and to a method of preparing said materials. More particularly the invention relates to cellulosic sheet materials prepared from a furnish comprising cellulosic fibers; at least one debonder selected from the group consisting of anionic and cationic surface active agents; at least one resin selected from the group consisting of acrylic emulsions and anionic styrene butadiene latexes; and, when the debonder is an anionic surface active agent, a deposition aid for the resin.
  • the sheet produced be soft, in the sense that it is sufficiently soft to the touch to be acceptable by the public. It is also essential that these soft products have sufficient strength, both for their production on conventional sheet forming equipment and for their intended use.
  • cellulosic sheet materials having improved softness and acceptable tensile strength are produced from a furnish comprising cellulosic fibers; at least one debonder selected from the group consisting of anionic and cationic surface active agents; a resin selected from the group consisting of acrylic emulsions and anionic styrene butadiene latexes; and, when the debonder is an anionic surface active agent, a deposition aid for the resin.
  • an aqueous slurry of cellulosic fibers is prepared according to any well-known method. This aqueous slurry, or furnish, is then treated with chemicals in the beater, stock chest, fan pump, headbox or at any other suitable point ahead of the fourdrinier wire, or sheet forming stage.
  • the chemical treatment comprises at least one resin and one debonder, as hereinafter defined.
  • the charge on the cellulosic fibers is anionic, and the resins which have been found to be useful in carrying out the present invention can also be anionic or nonionic, it is often necessary to add a third component, or deposition aid, which causes the resin to adhere to the fibers.
  • a separate deposition aid is not necessary when a cationic surface active agent is employed as the debonder and is added to the pulp furnish prior to the addition of the resin. Neither is a deposition aid required with a cationic resin.
  • sheets are prepared from the furnish according to any well-known method.
  • the deposition aids which have been found to be useful in carrying out the present invention include those compounds which are known to be useful for depositing a water-insoluble polymer onto cellulosic fibers.
  • These compounds include vinyl imidazoline polymers, such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,527,719 and in British Pat. No. l,052,l l2, and polyquaternary ammonium compounds, such as those described in US. Pat. No. 2,765,229.
  • Lufax 295 a cationic polyelectrolyte solution polymer that functions as a coupling agent in the beater addition of acrylic emulsions to cellulose and normally available from Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; as a tan powder which is a salt complex of a polyamine having a solids content of 100 percent; a pH for a 1 percent aqueous solution of 1.8 and a viscosity for a percent solids solution of 3,300 cps as determined by a Brookfield viscometer LVT at 25C, with a No.
  • Resin S243 a cationic aqueous solution of a quarternary chloride solution polymer also available from Rohm and Haas; as a clear amber liquid having about 32 percent solids content, a pH of 2.0, a density at 25C of 9.0 lbs. per gallon and a viscosity of 250 cps as determined by a Brookfield LVF viscometer at C with a No. l spindel at 12 r.p.m.
  • Quaker 2000 a cationic, high molecular weight, quaternized ammonium imidazoline sulfate available from Quaker Chemical Corporation, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania and having a pH of about 3.4 for a 3.2 percent dilution in water at 77F; a saybolt viscosity at l00F of 2500 to 2900 seconds; a kimematic viscosity at [00F of 530 to 630 centistokes and a pour point of below 0F.
  • the Quaker 2000 can function as both a coupler and a debonder.
  • the amount of deposition aid employed can be varied over a wide range depending on the type of furnish employed, the amount of resin to be deposited, and other variables associated with the sheet forming operation. lt is especially preferred to employ an amount equal to from about 0.1 percent to about 3.0 percent based on the oven dry weight of the fibers employed. To insure complete deposition of the resin on the fibers it is preferred to add up to 0.5 percent of the deposition aid after the resin has been added. When this procedure is employed the order of addition to the furnish is deposition aid, resin, deposition aid.
  • Resins which can be employed in carrying out the present invention include acrylic emulsions and anionic styrene-butadiene latexes. These resins can be used either alone or in combination with other resins such as those which are commonly used to improve the wet strength of cellulosic sheet materials, namely the ureaformaldehyde and melamine formaldehyde type resins.
  • Rhoplex K3 a nonionic self-crosslinking acrylic emulsion available from Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • Rhoplex P339 an anionic self-crosslinking acrylic emulsion, also available from Rohm and Haas Company as a milky white liquid having a 44 percent solids content with a pH of 4.8, a density at C of 8.8 lbs. per gallon, a glass transition temperature of +3C, a minimum film formation temperature of 0C and a viscosity at 25C of 43 cps as determined by a Brookfield Viscometer LVT employing a No.
  • resins include Pliolite 6l0, a styrene-butadiene latex from B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company, and Rhoplex E32 a nonionic, selfcrosslinking acrylic emulsion from Rohn and Haas Company.
  • An additional resin which has been found to be useful in carrying out the present invention, is a cationically dispersed acrylic emulsion comprising about 68 parts ethylacrylate and about 32 parts styrene.
  • the amount of resin employed can be varied over a wide range depending upon the properties desired in the final product, the amount of resin retained on the fibers, and other variables associated with the sheet forming operation. It is especially preferred to employ an amount of resin equal to from about 3.0 percent to about 15.0 percent of the oven dry weight of the fibers employed.
  • debonders which can be employed in carrying out the present invention include anionic and cationic surface active agents. Especially preferred are cationic quaternary ammonium compounds including imidazolium compounds such as Quaker 2000 and Velvetol CHR, high molecular weight quaternized imidazolines, available from Quaker Chemical Corporation, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania.
  • alkyl ammonium salts such as dihydrogenated tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, available from General Mills lnc., Chemical Division, Kankakee, Illinois as Aliquat H226; dialkylamide diethyl ammonium sulfate available from Reichold Chemicals lnc., White Plains, New York as Rycofax 618; and Rycofax 637, an amphoteric quaternary ammonium compound also available from Reichold Chemicals lnc.
  • alkyl ammonium salts such as dihydrogenated tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, available from General Mills lnc., Chemical Division, Kankakee, Illinois as Aliquat H226; dialkylamide diethyl ammonium sulfate available from Reichold Chemicals lnc., White Plains, New York as Rycofax 618; and Rycofax 637, an amphoteric quaternary ammonium compound also available from Reichold Chemicals lnc.
  • Anionic surface active agents which are also preferred for use as debonders in carrying out the present invention include compounds such as sodium tetradecyl sulfate available as Tergitol Anionic 4 from Union Carbide Corporation, New York, New York and the sodium salt of sulfated nonyl phenoxy poly(ethylene oxy) ethanol available as Alipal AB436 from General Aniline and Film Corporation, New York, New York.
  • the amount of debonder employed can be varied over a wide range depending upon the furnish employed, the properties desired in the final product and other variables associated with the sheet forming operation. It is especially preferred to employ an amount of debonder equal to from about 0.15 percent to about 2.0 percent of the oven dry weight of the fibers employed.
  • the debonder may be added either before or after the resin or resin-deposition aid combination.
  • the furnish comprises wood pulp it is preferred to add the debonder following the deposition of the resin onto the fibers.
  • the furnish comprises wood pulp and synthetic fibers, such as rayon, for example, it is preferred to add the debonder prior to the addition of the resin or the deposition aid-resin combination.
  • Handsheets were prepared on a standard Noble and Wood handsheet machine.
  • Basis weight of the sheets was determined by weighing eight sheets measuring 2 i inches X 2 A2 inches and converting the result to pounds/ream (2880 square feet).
  • Tensile strength was determined with a standard Instron Tensile Tester using 1 inch wide test strips, a span of 2 inches and a strain rate of 2 inches per minute.
  • Fold value and crush value were measured on an apparatus designed to give an indication of the softness of a sheet by measuring the force required to fold the sheet (the fold value) and the force required to crush the folded sheet (the crush value). A decrease in these values is indicative of a softer sheet.
  • the apparatus employed to obtain these measurements comprises an inner set of circular platens and an outer set of annular platens. The platens are arranged so that there is an upper and lower member of each set.
  • the upper circular platen has a diameter of 1.09 inches and a rounded edge having a radius of 0.062 inches.
  • the lower circular platen has a diameter of 1.43 inches and is located directly below the upper circular platen.
  • the upper annular platen has an inside diameter of 2.125 inches and a rounded inner edge also having a radius of 0.062 inches.
  • the lower annular platen is of similar size and is located directly below the upper annular platen. The rounded edges of the two sets of platens are separated by a distance of 0.382 inches.
  • the upper member of each set of platens is attached to means for clamping that set of platens together and the surfaces of all the platens are highly polished.
  • a circumferential ring attached to means for moving said ring through said space.
  • the ring has an inner diameter of 1.5 inches, an outer diameter of l.75 inches and the rounded portion has a radius of 0.062 inches.
  • another annular platen having an inside diameter of 1.16 inches and an outside diameter of 2.062 inches. This platen is also highly polished and is attached to means for moving said platen towards the space.
  • the sheet to be tested is placed between the upper and lower members of the two sets of platens.
  • the inner circular set of platens is clamped to hold the sheet in place and the distance between the upper and lower members of the outer annular set is adjusted to 0.065 inches.
  • the distance the circumferential ring will travel is adjusted to 0.250 inches and a force is applied to said ring causing it to move in an upward direction through that distance folding the sheet as it moves.
  • the maximum force on the ring during this folding operation is recorded in grams and is referred to as the fold value of the sheet.
  • the outer annular set of plates is clamped to maintain the sheet in the folded condition.
  • the folded sheet is crushed by, simultaneously, moving the circumferential ring down way from the sheet and moving the annular platen down onto the sheet for a distance of 0.050 inches.
  • the maximum force on the platen as it moves through this distance is measured in grams and is referred to as the crush value of the sheet.
  • Sheets produced in accordance with the present invention are characterized by their improved softness which is achieved without a significant decrease in tensile strength and are useful in sanitary products such as tissues, paper towels, and sanitary napkin and diaper covers.
  • a wood pulp slurry was prepared comprising 60 bleached Kraft softwood pulp and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood pulp. The slurry was slushed in a British disintegrator at a consistency of 0.5 percent for 15 minutes.
  • Noble and Wood handsheets were prepared from a sample of this furnish. When tested, as described above, these sheets had the following physical properties:
  • Example ll A wood pulp furnish of beaten bleached Kraft softwood pulp was prepared as in Example I.
  • Noble and Wood handsheets prepared from a sample of this furnish had the following physical properties:
  • Example III A bleached Kraft hardwood pulp furnish was prepared at 1.5 percent consistency. 0.50 percent Quaker 2000 was added and the furnish was stirred for five minutes. At the end of this time the consistency was reduced to 1 percent and the following chemicals were added sequentially at 5 minute intervals:
  • rayon fibers were added so that parts of inch 5.5 denier rayon, 5 parts of A inch 1.5 denier rayon and 5 parts of A inch 1.5 denier rayon were added for every 75 parts of wood pulp in the furnish.
  • Example IV A wood pulp furnish at 3 percent consistency was prepared comprising 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood, 30 percent bleached Kraft softwood and 30 percent bleached sulfite softwood. The furnish was treated, in the beater chest of a pilot plant Fourdrinier paper machine, with the following chemicals which were added sequentially at 5 minute intervals:
  • Example V A bleached Kraft softwood pulp furnish was prepared as in Example I and treated, in a Hobart Mixer at 60 rpm, with'the following chemicals added sequentially at minute intervals, 0.20 percent Lufax 295, 3.0 percent Rhoplex P339, 0.065 percent Lufax 295 and 0.25 percent Quaker 2000.
  • Noble and Wood handsheets prepared from this furnish had the following physical properties:
  • Example VI A wood pulp furnish, comprising 60 percent bleached Kraft softwood pulp and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood pulp, was prepared as in Example I.
  • Noble and Wood handsheets prepared from this furnish had the following physical properties:
  • Handsheets prepared from this sample had the following physical properties:
  • Example Vlll A wood pulp furnish was prepared, as in Example I, comprising 60 percent bleached Kraft softwood and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood. A sample of the pulp, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, was treated with the following chemicals added sequentially at 5 minute intervals 0.75 percent Quaker 2000, and 5.0 percent Rhoplex P339. Handsheets prepared from this pulp had the following physical properties:
  • Example lX A wood pulp furnish was prepared, as in Example I, comprising 60 bleached Kraft softwood and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood. A sample of the pulp, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, was treated with the following chemicals added sequentially at 5 minute intervals 0.45 percent Resin S 243, 9.0 percent Tylac RB ll 18, an anionic, carboxylated styrene butadiene latex containing approximately 50 percent styrene, available from Standard Brands Chemical Corporation, Dover, Delaware, 0.09 percent Resin S 243, and 0.25 percent Quaker 2000. Handsheets prepared from this pulp had the following properties:
  • Example X1 A wood pulp furnish was prepared, as in Example 1, comprising 60 percent bleached Kraft softwood and 40 percent bleaching Kraft hardwood. A sample of the pulp, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, was treated with the following chemicals, added sequentially at 5 minute intervals 0.15 percent Lufax 295, 5.0 percent Rhoplex P339, 0.01 percent Lufax 295 and 0.25 percent dihydrogenated tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride. Handsheets prepared from this pulp had the following physical properties:
  • Example X11 A wood pulp furnish was prepared, as in Example 1, comprising 60 percent bleached Kraft softwood and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood. A sample of the pulp, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, was treated with the following chemicals added sequentially at 5 minute intervals 0.20 percent Lufax 295, 5 .0 percent Rhoplex P339 and 0.50 percent sodium tetradecyl sulfate. Handsheets prepared from this pulp had the following physical properties:
  • Example Xlll A wood pulp furnish was prepared, as in Example 1, comprising 60 percent bleached Kraft softwood and and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood. A sample of the pulp, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, was treated with the following chemicals added sequentially at 5 minute intervals 0.20 percent Lufax 295, 5.0 percent Rhoplex P339 and 0.50 percent of the sodium salt of sulfated nonyl phenoxy poly(ethylene oxy) ethanol. Handsheets prepared from this pulp had the following physical properties:
  • Example XIV A wood pulp furnish was prepared, as in Example 1, comprising 60 percent bleached Kraft softwood and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood. A sample ,of the pulp, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, was treated with the following chemicals added sequentially at minute intervals 0.15 percent Lufax 295, 5.0 percent Rhoplex P339, 0.0l percent Lufax 295 and 0.25 percent Rycofax 637, an amphoteric quaternary ammonium compound available from Reichold Chemicals, lnc., White Plains, New York. Handsheets prepared from this pulp had the following physical properties:
  • a method of producing a water-laid cellulosic sheet material comprising adding to a slurry comprising cellulosic fibers; a cationic surface active agent as a debonder; at least one anionic or nonionic resin selected from the group consisting of acrylic emulsions and anionic styrene butadiene latexes; and a deposition aid for the resin in which the deposition aid, the resin and the debonder are sequentially added to the furnish and then forming a cellulosic sheet from said slurry.
  • cellulosic fibers are wood pulp fibers.
  • cellulosic fibers are a combination of wood pulp fibers and synthetic fibers.
  • the furnish comprises wood pulp fibers, a cationic surface active agent, a deposition aid for the resin, and an anionic acrylic emulsion.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

Cellulosic sheet materials are produced from a slurry comprising cellulosic fibers to which there is added sequentially a cationic surface active agent, a resin selected from the group consisting of acrylic emulsions and anionic styrene-butadiene latexes and a deposition aid for the resin.

Description

United States Patent [191 Meisel, Jr. et al.
[ 51 Oct. 29, 1974 SEQUENTIAL ADDITION OF A CATIONIC DEBONDER, RESIN AND DEPOSITION AID TO A CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SLURRY Inventors: Frederick W. Meisel, Jr., Media,
Pa; Kenneth C. Larson, Wilmington, Del.
Scott Paper Company, Delaware County, Pa.
Filed: July 20, 1973 Appl. No.: 381,081
Related US. Application Data Continuation of Ser. No. 108,638, Jan. 21, 1971, abandoned.
Assignee:
US. Cl 162/169, 162/182, 162/183 Int. Cl. D2ld 3/00, D2lh 3/40 Field of Search 162/169, 182, 183, 168,
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 7/1960 Yang 128/284 X 3,102,838 9/1963 Hervey 162/183 X 3,193,446 7/1965 Eisenberg 162/169 X 3,480,016 11/1969 Costanza et al. 128/284 3,527,719 9/1970 Hurwitz et al. 260/855 S 3,554,863 1/1971 Hervey et al. [62/158 Primary Examiner-S. Leon Bashore Assistant Examiner-Arthur L. Corbin Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Nicholas J. DeBenedictis; John W. Kane, Jr.
18 Claims, N0 Drawings SEQUENTIAL ADDITION OF A CATIONIC DEBONDER, RESIN AND DEPOSITION AID TO A CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SLURRY This is a continuation, of application Ser. No. 108,638 filed Jan. 2l, l97l, now abandoned.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to improved cellulosic sheet materials and to a method of preparing said materials. More particularly the invention relates to cellulosic sheet materials prepared from a furnish comprising cellulosic fibers; at least one debonder selected from the group consisting of anionic and cationic surface active agents; at least one resin selected from the group consisting of acrylic emulsions and anionic styrene butadiene latexes; and, when the debonder is an anionic surface active agent, a deposition aid for the resin.
2. Description of the Prior Art The production of sheet materials from cellulosic fibers generally begins with an aqueous slurry of the fibers, said slurry being commonly referred to as a furnish. In thepreparation of sheet material the furnish is cast onto a wire surface so that the water is removed and the fibers brought into close contact with one another. While in this close contact, hydrogen bonds are formed between the hydroxyl groups of adjacent fibers resulting in the production of a sheet material, the strength of which is due to this natural fiber-to-fiber bording.
For certain applications, such as paper towels, tissues, and sanitary napkin and diaper covers it is also necessary that the sheet produced be soft, in the sense that it is sufficiently soft to the touch to be acceptable by the public. It is also essential that these soft products have sufficient strength, both for their production on conventional sheet forming equipment and for their intended use.
Several methods have heretofore been suggested for obtaining a product having the requisite softness. However, these methods, and products produced thereby, have not achieved widescale commercial success due to one, or more, of several inherent disadvantages. Those which require machine modifications cannot be run on existing, high-speed, sheet forming equipment. Others, which require a mechanical treatment of the sheet after it is formed, such as creping, perf-embossing and texturizing, result in a somewhat softer sheet but the increase in softness is accompanied by a significant decrease in tensile strength placing practical limitations on the improvement in softness which can be achieved. Chemical additives have also been employed to achieve softness in cellulosic sheet materials. Those which are applied to the formed sheet generally are difficult to apply, requiring the use of baths or sprays, and do not produce products having the desired combination of softness and strength. Chemicals which can be added to the pulp furnish prior to the sheet forming operation are easier to work with but the products produced therefrom have not heretofore possessed the desired properties of softness and strength. Certain chemical additives, commonly referred to as debonding agents, when added to the furnish interfere with the natural fiber-to-fiber bonding during the sheet forming operation. With these additives it has often been difficult to control the quality of the product produced and, al-
though certain of these additives have imparted some degree of softness to the resulting product, this improvement has been accompanied by a significant decrease in the tensile strength of the product produced. In much of the prior art, it is recognized that any increase in softness will be accompanied by a significant decrease in tensile strength, and softness is often measured by this decrease in tensile strength.
Other chemicals, such as aqueous-based dispersions of resinous materials, have also been suggested for use in cellulosic sheet materials. These chemicals have been employed primarily to increase the strength of the sheet. However, by increasing the strength of the sheet these additives also resulted in a harsher, or less soft, sheet which could only be avoided by selecting a different additive. And, here also, no significant improvement in softness has resulted.
Besides the above-mentioned problems previously employed additives have often introduced other undesirable properties, such as odor, decreased wateradsorbency, etc., into the final product.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, cellulosic sheet materials having improved softness and acceptable tensile strength are produced from a furnish comprising cellulosic fibers; at least one debonder selected from the group consisting of anionic and cationic surface active agents; a resin selected from the group consisting of acrylic emulsions and anionic styrene butadiene latexes; and, when the debonder is an anionic surface active agent, a deposition aid for the resin.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In carrying out the present invention an aqueous slurry of cellulosic fibers is prepared according to any well-known method. This aqueous slurry, or furnish, is then treated with chemicals in the beater, stock chest, fan pump, headbox or at any other suitable point ahead of the fourdrinier wire, or sheet forming stage.
The chemical treatment comprises at least one resin and one debonder, as hereinafter defined. However, since the charge on the cellulosic fibers is anionic, and the resins which have been found to be useful in carrying out the present invention can also be anionic or nonionic, it is often necessary to add a third component, or deposition aid, which causes the resin to adhere to the fibers. A separate deposition aid is not necessary when a cationic surface active agent is employed as the debonder and is added to the pulp furnish prior to the addition of the resin. Neither is a deposition aid required with a cationic resin. However, to insure complete deposition of the resin onto the fibers it is especially preferred to add the deposition aid in all cases.
After the chemical treatment, sheets are prepared from the furnish according to any well-known method.
The various chemical additives employedin carrying out the present invention can be defined as follows:
Deposition Aids The deposition aids which have been found to be useful in carrying out the present invention include those compounds which are known to be useful for depositing a water-insoluble polymer onto cellulosic fibers.
These compounds include vinyl imidazoline polymers, such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,527,719 and in British Pat. No. l,052,l l2, and polyquaternary ammonium compounds, such as those described in US. Pat. No. 2,765,229. Commercially available compounds which have been found to be particularly useful include Lufax 295, a cationic polyelectrolyte solution polymer that functions as a coupling agent in the beater addition of acrylic emulsions to cellulose and normally available from Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; as a tan powder which is a salt complex of a polyamine having a solids content of 100 percent; a pH for a 1 percent aqueous solution of 1.8 and a viscosity for a percent solids solution of 3,300 cps as determined by a Brookfield viscometer LVT at 25C, with a No. 4 spindel at 60 rpm; Resin S243, a cationic aqueous solution of a quarternary chloride solution polymer also available from Rohm and Haas; as a clear amber liquid having about 32 percent solids content, a pH of 2.0, a density at 25C of 9.0 lbs. per gallon and a viscosity of 250 cps as determined by a Brookfield LVF viscometer at C with a No. l spindel at 12 r.p.m. and Quaker 2000, a cationic, high molecular weight, quaternized ammonium imidazoline sulfate available from Quaker Chemical Corporation, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania and having a pH of about 3.4 for a 3.2 percent dilution in water at 77F; a saybolt viscosity at l00F of 2500 to 2900 seconds; a kimematic viscosity at [00F of 530 to 630 centistokes and a pour point of below 0F. The Quaker 2000 can function as both a coupler and a debonder.
The amount of deposition aid employed can be varied over a wide range depending on the type of furnish employed, the amount of resin to be deposited, and other variables associated with the sheet forming operation. lt is especially preferred to employ an amount equal to from about 0.1 percent to about 3.0 percent based on the oven dry weight of the fibers employed. To insure complete deposition of the resin on the fibers it is preferred to add up to 0.5 percent of the deposition aid after the resin has been added. When this procedure is employed the order of addition to the furnish is deposition aid, resin, deposition aid.
Resins The resins which can be employed in carrying out the present invention include acrylic emulsions and anionic styrene-butadiene latexes. These resins can be used either alone or in combination with other resins such as those which are commonly used to improve the wet strength of cellulosic sheet materials, namely the ureaformaldehyde and melamine formaldehyde type resins. Commercially available resins which have been found to be particularly useful include Rhoplex K3 a nonionic self-crosslinking acrylic emulsion available from Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Rhoplex P339, an anionic self-crosslinking acrylic emulsion, also available from Rohm and Haas Company as a milky white liquid having a 44 percent solids content with a pH of 4.8, a density at C of 8.8 lbs. per gallon, a glass transition temperature of +3C, a minimum film formation temperature of 0C and a viscosity at 25C of 43 cps as determined by a Brookfield Viscometer LVT employing a No. 1 spindel at 60 rpm; Goodrite 2570 X 15, an anionic, carboxylated styrene-butadiene copolymer containing in excess of 70 percent butadiene available from B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company, Cleveland Ohio; and Tylac RB ll 18, an anionic, carboxylated styrene-butadiene copolymer containing approximately 50 percent styrene from Standard Brands Chemical Corporation, Dover, Delaware. The following anionic, self-crosslinking, acrylic emulsions available from Rohm and Haas Company have also been found to be particularly useful Rhoplex E631, Rhoplex E610, and Rhoplex TR407. Other useful commercially-available resins include Pliolite 6l0, a styrene-butadiene latex from B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company, and Rhoplex E32 a nonionic, selfcrosslinking acrylic emulsion from Rohn and Haas Company. An additional resin, which has been found to be useful in carrying out the present invention, is a cationically dispersed acrylic emulsion comprising about 68 parts ethylacrylate and about 32 parts styrene.
The amount of resin employed can be varied over a wide range depending upon the properties desired in the final product, the amount of resin retained on the fibers, and other variables associated with the sheet forming operation. It is especially preferred to employ an amount of resin equal to from about 3.0 percent to about 15.0 percent of the oven dry weight of the fibers employed.
Debonders The debonders which can be employed in carrying out the present invention include anionic and cationic surface active agents. Especially preferred are cationic quaternary ammonium compounds including imidazolium compounds such as Quaker 2000 and Velvetol CHR, high molecular weight quaternized imidazolines, available from Quaker Chemical Corporation, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania. Other preferred cationic quaternary ammonium compounds are the alkyl ammonium salts such as dihydrogenated tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, available from General Mills lnc., Chemical Division, Kankakee, Illinois as Aliquat H226; dialkylamide diethyl ammonium sulfate available from Reichold Chemicals lnc., White Plains, New York as Rycofax 618; and Rycofax 637, an amphoteric quaternary ammonium compound also available from Reichold Chemicals lnc.
Anionic surface active agents which are also preferred for use as debonders in carrying out the present invention include compounds such as sodium tetradecyl sulfate available as Tergitol Anionic 4 from Union Carbide Corporation, New York, New York and the sodium salt of sulfated nonyl phenoxy poly(ethylene oxy) ethanol available as Alipal AB436 from General Aniline and Film Corporation, New York, New York.
The amount of debonder employed can be varied over a wide range depending upon the furnish employed, the properties desired in the final product and other variables associated with the sheet forming operation. It is especially preferred to employ an amount of debonder equal to from about 0.15 percent to about 2.0 percent of the oven dry weight of the fibers employed.
The debonder may be added either before or after the resin or resin-deposition aid combination. When the furnish comprises wood pulp it is preferred to add the debonder following the deposition of the resin onto the fibers. However, when the furnish comprises wood pulp and synthetic fibers, such as rayon, for example, it is preferred to add the debonder prior to the addition of the resin or the deposition aid-resin combination.
In order to describe the present invention so that it may be more clearly understood, the following examples are set forth in which all percentages of chemical additives are based on the oven-dry weight of the pulp employed. The physical properties reported herein were obtained using the following test procedures, except as otherwise noted in the examples.
Handsheets were prepared on a standard Noble and Wood handsheet machine.
Basis weight of the sheets was determined by weighing eight sheets measuring 2 i inches X 2 A2 inches and converting the result to pounds/ream (2880 square feet).
Tensile strength was determined with a standard Instron Tensile Tester using 1 inch wide test strips, a span of 2 inches and a strain rate of 2 inches per minute.
Fold value and crush value were measured on an apparatus designed to give an indication of the softness of a sheet by measuring the force required to fold the sheet (the fold value) and the force required to crush the folded sheet (the crush value). A decrease in these values is indicative of a softer sheet. The apparatus employed to obtain these measurements comprises an inner set of circular platens and an outer set of annular platens. The platens are arranged so that there is an upper and lower member of each set. The upper circular platen has a diameter of 1.09 inches and a rounded edge having a radius of 0.062 inches. The lower circular platen has a diameter of 1.43 inches and is located directly below the upper circular platen. The upper annular platen has an inside diameter of 2.125 inches and a rounded inner edge also having a radius of 0.062 inches. The lower annular platen is of similar size and is located directly below the upper annular platen. The rounded edges of the two sets of platens are separated by a distance of 0.382 inches. The upper member of each set of platens is attached to means for clamping that set of platens together and the surfaces of all the platens are highly polished.
There is also included, below the space between the two sets of platens a circumferential ring attached to means for moving said ring through said space. The ring has an inner diameter of 1.5 inches, an outer diameter of l.75 inches and the rounded portion has a radius of 0.062 inches. Above the space is another annular platen having an inside diameter of 1.16 inches and an outside diameter of 2.062 inches. This platen is also highly polished and is attached to means for moving said platen towards the space.
In operation the sheet to be tested is placed between the upper and lower members of the two sets of platens. The inner circular set of platens is clamped to hold the sheet in place and the distance between the upper and lower members of the outer annular set is adjusted to 0.065 inches. The distance the circumferential ring will travel is adjusted to 0.250 inches and a force is applied to said ring causing it to move in an upward direction through that distance folding the sheet as it moves. The maximum force on the ring during this folding operation is recorded in grams and is referred to as the fold value of the sheet.
After the sheet is thus folded the outer annular set of plates is clamped to maintain the sheet in the folded condition. The folded sheet is crushed by, simultaneously, moving the circumferential ring down way from the sheet and moving the annular platen down onto the sheet for a distance of 0.050 inches. The maximum force on the platen as it moves through this distance is measured in grams and is referred to as the crush value of the sheet.
Sheets produced in accordance with the present invention are characterized by their improved softness which is achieved without a significant decrease in tensile strength and are useful in sanitary products such as tissues, paper towels, and sanitary napkin and diaper covers.
The following examples are set forth primarily for the purpose of illustration, and any specific enumeration of detail contained therein should not be interpreted as a limitation on the concept of this invention.
EXAMPLE I A wood pulp slurry was prepared comprising 60 bleached Kraft softwood pulp and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood pulp. The slurry was slushed in a British disintegrator at a consistency of 0.5 percent for 15 minutes. Noble and Wood handsheets were prepared from a sample of this furnish. When tested, as described above, these sheets had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 9.8 Fold value 331 Crush value I04 Tensile strength 9.5
Basis weight 10.3 Fold value 156 Crush value 25 Tensile strength 2.0
To a final sample of this furnish in the Hobart Mixer was added sequentially at 5 minute intervals, 2.5 percent Lufax 295, a cationic deposition aid sold by Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 9.0 percent Rhoplex TR 407 an anionic self crosslinking acrylic emulsion also sold by Rohm and Haas Company, 0.3 percent Lufax 295 and 1 percent Quaker 2000. Noble and Wood handsheets prepared from this furnish had the following physical properties Basis weight 10.2 Fold value 244 Crush value 63 Tensile strength 7.5
Example ll A wood pulp furnish of beaten bleached Kraft softwood pulp was prepared as in Example I. Noble and Wood handsheets prepared from a sample of this furnish had the following physical properties:
Basis weight l0.l Fold value 795 Crush value 386 Tensile strength 39.6
To a sample of this pulp, in a Hobart Mixer set at 60 rpm, was added 2.0 percent of Quaker 2000. Handsheets prepared from this furnish had the following physical properties:
Basis weight l0.l Fold value 237 Crush value 68 Tensile strength 6.0
Another sample of the pulp was treated, in a Hobart Mixer, with the following chemicals added sequentially at minute intervals, 0.075 percent Lufax 295, 5.0 percent Rhoplex P339, an anionic self crosslinking acrylic emulsion sold by Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 0.025 percent Lufax 295 and 2.0 percent Quaker 2000. Handsheets prepared from this furnish had the following physical properties:
Basis weight l0.4 Fold value 336 Crush value I08 Tensile strength l4.7
Example III A bleached Kraft hardwood pulp furnish was prepared at 1.5 percent consistency. 0.50 percent Quaker 2000 was added and the furnish was stirred for five minutes. At the end of this time the consistency was reduced to 1 percent and the following chemicals were added sequentially at 5 minute intervals:
0.l4 percent Resin S-243 available from Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 7.0 percent Rhoplex P339 also available from Rohm and Haas Company, and
0.007 percent Resin S243.
After an additional five minutes of mixing, rayon fibers were added so that parts of inch 5.5 denier rayon, 5 parts of A inch 1.5 denier rayon and 5 parts of A inch 1.5 denier rayon were added for every 75 parts of wood pulp in the furnish.
Noble and Wood handsheets were prepared by the standard method described above except that the fabric was couched off the screens onto standard British handsheet blotters before being pressed and dried. Handsheets prepared in this manner had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 40.6 Fold value 494 Crush value 334 Tensile strength 32.6
By comparison sheets containing only 0.5 percent Quaker 2000 had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 40.5 Fold value 298 Crush value 273 Tensile strength l0.0
above 480 Basis weight Fold value Crush value Tensile strength In this example, tensile strength was measured with a standard lnstron Tensile Tester using a test span of 4 inches rather than the 2 inch test span used in the other examples. In obtaining the fold and crush values the piece of apparatus described above was employed with the following modifications. In operation the distance between the upper and lower members of the outer annular set of platens was set at 0.10 inches rather than 0.065 inches. The distance the circumferential ring travelled in obtaining the fold value was set at 0.075 inches rather than 0.250 inches. The distance the annular platen moved down onto the sheet to obtain the crush value was set at 0.025 inches rather than 0.050 inches.
Example IV A wood pulp furnish at 3 percent consistency was prepared comprising 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood, 30 percent bleached Kraft softwood and 30 percent bleached sulfite softwood. The furnish was treated, in the beater chest of a pilot plant Fourdrinier paper machine, with the following chemicals which were added sequentially at 5 minute intervals:
0.3 percent Lufax 295 0.17 percent Nopco DF-160L defoamer available Basis weight 30.0 Tensile strength (MD) Tensile strength (CD) 44 Fold value 292 Crush value 92 By comparison the same furnish, without any chemical additives, produced sheets with the following physical properties:
Basis weight 29.0 Tensile strength (MD) 84 Tensile strength (CD) 44 Fold value 520 Crush value l58 In this example, the fold and crush values were obtained using the apparatus described above with the following modifications. In operation the distance between the upper and lower members of the outer annular set of platens was set at 0.10 inches rather than 0.065 inches. The distance the circumferential ring travelled in obtaining the fold value was set at 0.125 inches rather than 0.250 inches. The distance the annular platen moved down onto the sheet to obtain the crush value was set at 0.095 inches rather than 0.050 inches.
Example V A bleached Kraft softwood pulp furnish was prepared as in Example I and treated, in a Hobart Mixer at 60 rpm, with'the following chemicals added sequentially at minute intervals, 0.20 percent Lufax 295, 3.0 percent Rhoplex P339, 0.065 percent Lufax 295 and 0.25 percent Quaker 2000. Noble and Wood handsheets prepared from this furnish had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 9.9 Fold value 242 Crush value 51 Tensile strength 8.6
By comparison handsheets made from the same furnish without the chemical additives had the following physical properties:
Basis weight l0.5 Fold value 45] Crush value I44 Tensile strength l6.9
Example VI A wood pulp furnish, comprising 60 percent bleached Kraft softwood pulp and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood pulp, was prepared as in Example I. Noble and Wood handsheets prepared from this furnish had the following physical properties:
Basis weight l0.3 Tensile strength l2.2 Fold value 400 Crush value 148 A sample of the pulp was treated, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, with 0.15 percent Quaker 2000.
Handsheets prepared from this sample had the following physical properties:
Basis weight l0.3 Tensile strength 59 Fold value 254 Crush value 83 A second sample of the pulp was treated with the following chemicals added sequentially at 5 minute intervals 0.225 percent Lufax 295, l5 percent Hycar 2500 X l38, a self crosslinking, anionic, acrylic emulsion available from B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company, Cleveland, Ohio, 0.015 percent Lufax 295 and 0.l5 percent Quaker 2000. Handsheets prepared from this sample had the following physical properties:
Basis weight l0.2
Tensile strength l2.3 Fold value 363 Crush value 128 Example Vll Basis weight l0.7 Tensile strength 52.4 Fold value 658 Crush value 358 By comparison handsheets prepared from a pulp sample which had not been treated with the chemical additives had the following physical properties:
Basis weight l0.7 Tensile strength 62.7 Fold value l072 Crush value 7458 Example Vlll A wood pulp furnish was prepared, as in Example I, comprising 60 percent bleached Kraft softwood and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood. A sample of the pulp, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, was treated with the following chemicals added sequentially at 5 minute intervals 0.75 percent Quaker 2000, and 5.0 percent Rhoplex P339. Handsheets prepared from this pulp had the following physical properties:
Basis weight l0.0 Tensile strength 6.l Fold value 183 Crush value 60 By comparison sheets prepared from a pulp treated only with 0.75 percent Velvetol 2000 had the following physical properties:
Basis weight Tensile strength 2.3 Fold value I83 Crush value 28 And sheets prepared from a sample of untreated pulp had the following physical properties:
Basis weight Tensile strength Fold value Crush value Example lX A wood pulp furnish was prepared, as in Example I, comprising 60 bleached Kraft softwood and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood. A sample of the pulp, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, was treated with the following chemicals added sequentially at 5 minute intervals 0.45 percent Resin S 243, 9.0 percent Tylac RB ll 18, an anionic, carboxylated styrene butadiene latex containing approximately 50 percent styrene, available from Standard Brands Chemical Corporation, Dover, Delaware, 0.09 percent Resin S 243, and 0.25 percent Quaker 2000. Handsheets prepared from this pulp had the following properties:
Basis weight Tensile strength 4:9 Fold value 183 Crush value 50 By comparison handsheets prepared from a sample of the untreated pulp had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 10.0
Tensile strength 9.9
Fold value 312 Crush value 142 Example X Basis weight 10.7 Tensile strength 9.2 Fold value 255 Crush value 70 By comparison handsheets prepared from a sample of the pulp treated only with 0.25 percent dialkylamide diethyl ammonium sulfate had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 10.6 Tensile strength 4.9 Fold value 195 Crush value 58 Handsheets prepared from a sample of the untreated pulp had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 10.6
Tensile strength 9.3
Fold value 267 Crush value 94 Example X1 A wood pulp furnish was prepared, as in Example 1, comprising 60 percent bleached Kraft softwood and 40 percent bleaching Kraft hardwood. A sample of the pulp, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, was treated with the following chemicals, added sequentially at 5 minute intervals 0.15 percent Lufax 295, 5.0 percent Rhoplex P339, 0.01 percent Lufax 295 and 0.25 percent dihydrogenated tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride. Handsheets prepared from this pulp had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 10.3 Tensile strength 7.6 Fold value 240 Crush value 62 By comparison handsheets prepared from a sample of the pulp treated only with 0.25 percent dihydrogenated tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride had the following physical properties:
Basis weight Tensile strength 3.5 Fold value 156 Crush value 48 Handsheets prepared from a sample of the untreated pulp had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 10.3 Tensile strength 10.5 Fold value 336 Crush value 1 17 Example X11 A wood pulp furnish was prepared, as in Example 1, comprising 60 percent bleached Kraft softwood and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood. A sample of the pulp, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, was treated with the following chemicals added sequentially at 5 minute intervals 0.20 percent Lufax 295, 5 .0 percent Rhoplex P339 and 0.50 percent sodium tetradecyl sulfate. Handsheets prepared from this pulp had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 10.4 Tensile strength 8.6 Fold value 216 Crush value 57 By comparisons, handsheets prepared from a sample of the untreated pulp had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 10.5 Tensile strength 1 1.6 Fold value 372 Crush value 161 Example Xlll A wood pulp furnish was prepared, as in Example 1, comprising 60 percent bleached Kraft softwood and and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood. A sample of the pulp, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, was treated with the following chemicals added sequentially at 5 minute intervals 0.20 percent Lufax 295, 5.0 percent Rhoplex P339 and 0.50 percent of the sodium salt of sulfated nonyl phenoxy poly(ethylene oxy) ethanol. Handsheets prepared from this pulp had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 10.5 Tensile strength 7.0 Fold value 184 Crush value 51 By comparison, handsheets prepared from a sample of the untreated pulp had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 10.5 Tensile strength 1 L6 Fold value 372 Crush value l6] Example XIV A wood pulp furnish was prepared, as in Example 1, comprising 60 percent bleached Kraft softwood and 40 percent bleached Kraft hardwood. A sample ,of the pulp, in a Hobart Mixer operating at 60 rpm, was treated with the following chemicals added sequentially at minute intervals 0.15 percent Lufax 295, 5.0 percent Rhoplex P339, 0.0l percent Lufax 295 and 0.25 percent Rycofax 637, an amphoteric quaternary ammonium compound available from Reichold Chemicals, lnc., White Plains, New York. Handsheets prepared from this pulp had the following physical properties:
Basis weight l0.5 Tensile strength 8.8 Fold value 239 Crush value 74 By comparisons, handsheets prepared from a sample of the untreated pulp had the following physical properties:
Basis weight 10.5 Tensile strength 1 1.6 Fold value 372 Crush value 16] What is claimed is:
1. In a method of producing a water-laid cellulosic sheet material, the improvement which comprises adding to a slurry comprising cellulosic fibers; a cationic surface active agent as a debonder; at least one anionic or nonionic resin selected from the group consisting of acrylic emulsions and anionic styrene butadiene latexes; and a deposition aid for the resin in which the deposition aid, the resin and the debonder are sequentially added to the furnish and then forming a cellulosic sheet from said slurry.
2. A method, as claimed in claim I, in which the resin in the furnish is a nonionic acrylic emulsion.
,3. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the resin in the furnish is an anionic styrene butadiene latex.
4. A method, as claimed in claim 3, in which the latex is a carboxylated styrene butadiene.
5. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the cellulosic fibers are wood pulp fibers.
6. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the cellulosic fibers are a combination of wood pulp fibers and synthetic fibers.
7. A method, as claimed in claim 6, in which the synthetic fibers are rayon fibers.
8. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which a quaternized imidazoline is added to the furnish as a deposition aid for the resin.
9. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the cationic surface active agent in the furnish is a quaternary ammonium compound.
10. A method, as claimed in claim 9, in which the quaternary ammonium compound is an imidazoline.
11. A method, as claimed in claim 9, in which the quaternary ammonium compound is an alkyl ammonium salt.
12A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the deposition aid is a vinyl imidazoline polymer.
13. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the amount of resin in the furnish is equal to from about 3.0 to about 15.0 percent of the oven-dry weight of the fibers employed.
14. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the amount of debonder is equal to from about 0.15 to about 2.0 percent of the oven-dry weight of the fibers employed.
15. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the amount of deposition aid is equal to from about 0.1 to about 3.0 percent of the oven-dry weight of the fibers employed.
16. A method, as claimed in claim 8, in which the amount of deposition aid employed is equal to from about 0.1 to about 3.0 percent of the oven-dry weight of the fibers employed.
17. A method, as claimed in claim 8, in which the furnish comprises wood pulp fibers, a cationic surface active agent, a deposition aid for the resin, and an anionic acrylic emulsion.
18. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the debonder is added to the slurry prior to the addition of the deposition aid and the resin.

Claims (18)

1. IN A METHOD OF PRODUCING A WATER-LAID CELLULOSIC SHEET MATERIAL, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES ADDING TO A SLURRY COMPRISING CELLULOSE FIBERS; A CATIONIC SURFACE ACTIVE AGENT AS A DEBONDER; AT LEAST ONE ANIONIC OR NONIONIC RESIN SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ACRYLIC EMULSIONS AND ANIONIC STYRENE BUTADIENE LATEXES; AND A DEPOSITION AID FOR THE RESIN IN WHICH THE DEPOSTION AID, THE RESIN AND THE DEBONDER ARE SEQUENTIALLY ADDED TO THE DIFURNISH AND THEN FORMING A CELLULOSIC SHEET FROM SAID SLURRY.
2. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the resin in the furnish is a nonionic acrylic emulsion.
3. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the resin in the furnish is an anionic styrene butadiene latex.
4. A method, as claimed in claim 3, in which the latex is a carboxylated styrene butadiene.
5. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the cellulosic fibers are wood pulp fibers.
6. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the cellulosic fibers are a combination of wood pulp fibers and synthetic fibers.
7. A method, as claimed in claim 6, in which the synthetic fibers are rayon fibers.
8. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which a quaternized imidazoline is added to the furnish as a deposition aid for the resin.
9. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the cationic surface active agent in the furnish is a quaternary ammonium compound.
10. A method, as claimed in claim 9, in which the quaternary ammonium compound is an imidazoline.
11. A method, as claimed in claim 9, in which the quaternary ammonium compound is an alkyl ammonium salt.
12. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the deposition aid is a vinyl imidazoline polymer.
13. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the amount of resin in the furnish is equal to from about 3.0 to about 15.0 percent of the oven-dry weight of the fibers employed.
14. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the amount of debonder is equal to from about 0.15 to about 2.0 percent of the oven-dry weight of the fibers employed.
15. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the amount of deposition aid is equal to from about 0.1 to about 3.0 percent of the oven-dry weight of the fibers employed.
16. A method, as claimed in claim 8, in which the amount of deposition aid employed is equal to from about 0.1 to about 3.0 percent of the oven-dry weight of the fibers employed.
17. A method, as claimed in claim 8, in which the furnish comprises wood pulp fibers, a cationic surface active agent, a deposition aid for the resin, and an anionic acrylic emulsion.
18. A method, as claimed in claim 1, in which the debonder is added to the slurry prior to the addition of the deposition aid and the resin.
US00381081A 1971-01-21 1973-07-20 Sequential addition of a cationic debonder, resin and deposition aid to a cellulosic fibrous slurry Expired - Lifetime US3844880A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00381081A US3844880A (en) 1971-01-21 1973-07-20 Sequential addition of a cationic debonder, resin and deposition aid to a cellulosic fibrous slurry

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10863871A 1971-01-21 1971-01-21
US00381081A US3844880A (en) 1971-01-21 1973-07-20 Sequential addition of a cationic debonder, resin and deposition aid to a cellulosic fibrous slurry

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3844880A true US3844880A (en) 1974-10-29

Family

ID=26806109

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00381081A Expired - Lifetime US3844880A (en) 1971-01-21 1973-07-20 Sequential addition of a cationic debonder, resin and deposition aid to a cellulosic fibrous slurry

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3844880A (en)

Cited By (79)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4445970A (en) * 1980-10-22 1984-05-01 Penntech Papers, Inc. High mineral composite fine paper
US4510019A (en) * 1981-05-12 1985-04-09 Papeteries De Jeand'heurs Latex containing papers
EP0184603A1 (en) * 1984-12-07 1986-06-18 Korsnäs-Marma Ab Process for preparing a fluff pulp
EP0342646A2 (en) * 1988-05-18 1989-11-23 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Hand or wiper towel
US4940513A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-07-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for preparing soft tissue paper treated with noncationic surfactant
US4959125A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-09-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper containing noncationic surfactant
US5002982A (en) * 1990-02-26 1991-03-26 Gencorp Inc. Paper felts or mats
AU613765B2 (en) * 1988-06-14 1991-08-08 Procter & Gamble Company, The Process for preparing soft tissue paper treated with noncationic surfactant
US5048589A (en) * 1988-05-18 1991-09-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Non-creped hand or wiper towel
US5059282A (en) * 1988-06-14 1991-10-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper
US5164046A (en) * 1989-01-19 1992-11-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for making soft tissue paper using polysiloxane compound
US5215626A (en) * 1991-07-19 1993-06-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for applying a polysiloxane to tissue paper
US5227242A (en) * 1989-02-24 1993-07-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multifunctional facial tissue
US5240562A (en) * 1992-10-27 1993-08-31 Procter & Gamble Company Paper products containing a chemical softening composition
US5246546A (en) * 1992-08-27 1993-09-21 Procter & Gamble Company Process for applying a thin film containing polysiloxane to tissue paper
US5262007A (en) * 1992-04-09 1993-11-16 Procter & Gamble Company Soft absorbent tissue paper containing a biodegradable quaternized amine-ester softening compound and a temporary wet strength resin
US5264082A (en) * 1992-04-09 1993-11-23 Procter & Gamble Company Soft absorbent tissue paper containing a biodegradable quaternized amine-ester softening compound and a permanent wet strength resin
US5279767A (en) * 1992-10-27 1994-01-18 The Procter & Gamble Company Chemical softening composition useful in fibrous cellulosic materials
US5312522A (en) * 1993-01-14 1994-05-17 Procter & Gamble Company Paper products containing a biodegradable chemical softening composition
US5334286A (en) * 1993-05-13 1994-08-02 The Procter & Gamble Company Tissue paper treated with tri-component biodegradable softener composition
US5385642A (en) * 1993-05-13 1995-01-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for treating tissue paper with tri-component biodegradable softener composition
US5397435A (en) * 1993-10-22 1995-03-14 Procter & Gamble Company Multi-ply facial tissue paper product comprising chemical softening compositions and binder materials
US5399240A (en) * 1987-01-20 1995-03-21 Weyerhaeuser Company Crosslinked cellulose products and method for their preparation
US5405501A (en) * 1993-06-30 1995-04-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Multi-layered tissue paper web comprising chemical softening compositions and binder materials and process for making the same
US5415737A (en) * 1994-09-20 1995-05-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper products containing a biodegradable vegetable oil based chemical softening composition
US5427696A (en) * 1992-04-09 1995-06-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Biodegradable chemical softening composition useful in fibrous cellulosic materials
US5437766A (en) * 1993-10-22 1995-08-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Multi-ply facial tissue paper product comprising biodegradable chemical softening compositions and binder materials
US5474689A (en) * 1992-10-27 1995-12-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Waterless self-emulsifiable chemical softening composition useful in fibrous cellulosic materials
US5487813A (en) * 1994-12-02 1996-01-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Strong and soft creped tissue paper and process for making the same by use of biodegradable crepe facilitating compositions
US5494731A (en) * 1992-08-27 1996-02-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Tissue paper treated with nonionic softeners that are biodegradable
US5510000A (en) * 1994-09-20 1996-04-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper products containing a vegetable oil based chemical softening composition
US5538595A (en) * 1995-05-17 1996-07-23 The Proctor & Gamble Company Chemically softened tissue paper products containing a ploysiloxane and an ester-functional ammonium compound
US5543067A (en) * 1992-10-27 1996-08-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Waterless self-emulsiviable biodegradable chemical softening composition useful in fibrous cellulosic materials
US5573637A (en) * 1994-12-19 1996-11-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Tissue paper product comprising a quaternary ammonium compound, a polysiloxane compound and binder materials
US5575891A (en) * 1995-01-31 1996-11-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper containing an oil and a polyhydroxy compound
US5635028A (en) * 1995-04-19 1997-06-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making soft creped tissue paper and product therefrom
US5698076A (en) * 1996-08-21 1997-12-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Tissue paper containing a vegetable oil based quaternary ammonium compound
US5785813A (en) * 1997-02-24 1998-07-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Inc. Method of treating a papermaking furnish for making soft tissue
US5846380A (en) * 1995-06-28 1998-12-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Creped tissue paper exhibiting unique combination of physical attributes
AU705757B2 (en) * 1994-04-12 1999-06-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft tissue products
US5981044A (en) * 1993-06-30 1999-11-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Multi-layered tissue paper web comprising biodegradable chemical softening compositions and binder materials and process for making the same
WO1999064673A1 (en) * 1998-06-12 1999-12-16 Fort James Corporation Method of making a paper web having a high internal void volume of secondary fibers and a product made by the process
AU722580B2 (en) * 1994-04-12 2000-08-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft tissue products
US6241850B1 (en) 1999-06-16 2001-06-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue product exhibiting improved lint resistance and process for making
US6264791B1 (en) * 1999-10-25 2001-07-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Flash curing of fibrous webs treated with polymeric reactive compounds
US6322665B1 (en) * 1999-10-25 2001-11-27 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Reactive compounds to fibrous webs
US6365000B1 (en) 2000-12-01 2002-04-02 Fort James Corporation Soft bulky multi-ply product and method of making the same
US6419790B1 (en) 1996-05-09 2002-07-16 Fort James Corporation Methods of making an ultra soft, high basis weight tissue and product produced thereby
US20030121627A1 (en) * 2001-12-03 2003-07-03 Sheng-Hsin Hu Tissue products having reduced lint and slough
US20030135181A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Sponge-like pad comprising paper layers and method of manufacture
US6602387B1 (en) 1999-11-26 2003-08-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Thick and smooth multi-ply tissue
US6649024B2 (en) 1997-09-26 2003-11-18 Fort James Corporation Soft chemi-mechanically embossed absorbent paper product and method of making same
US20040062907A1 (en) * 2002-10-01 2004-04-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue with semi-synthetic cationic polymer
US20040065422A1 (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-04-08 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced slough
US20040087237A1 (en) * 2002-11-06 2004-05-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced lint and slough
US20040112558A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having enhanced strength
WO2004072376A1 (en) * 2003-02-07 2004-08-26 Lanxess Corporation Anionic functional promoter and charge control agent with improved wet to dry tensile strength ratio
US6824650B2 (en) 2001-12-18 2004-11-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fibrous materials treated with a polyvinylamine polymer
US20050039868A1 (en) * 2003-08-18 2005-02-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Recycling of latex-containing broke
US20050079361A1 (en) * 2003-10-14 2005-04-14 Hamed Othman A. Materials useful in making cellulosic acquisition fibers in sheet form
US20050129897A1 (en) * 2003-12-11 2005-06-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Disposable scrubbing product
US20050130536A1 (en) * 2003-12-11 2005-06-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Disposable scrubbing product
US20050148257A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Two-sided cloth like tissue webs
US20050145352A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Splittable cloth like tissue webs
US20050148261A1 (en) * 2003-12-30 2005-07-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Nonwoven webs having reduced lint and slough
US20050247419A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-10 Hamed Othman A Treatment composition for making acquisition fluff pulp in sheet form
US20060184147A1 (en) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-17 Hamed Othman A Treatment composition for making acquisition fluff pulp in sheet form
US20070020452A1 (en) * 2005-07-21 2007-01-25 Hamed Othman A Acquisition fiber in sheet form with low degree of yellowing and low odor
US20070112319A1 (en) * 2004-07-02 2007-05-17 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Absorbent Layer Structure
US20080006381A1 (en) * 2004-07-15 2008-01-10 Goulet Mike T Binders curable at room temperature with low blocking
US20080083519A1 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-10 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Method of Producing Absorbent Sheet with Increased Wet/Dry CD Tensile Ratio
US7435266B2 (en) 2001-12-18 2008-10-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Polyvinylamine treatments to improve dyeing of cellulosic materials
US20090297781A1 (en) * 2008-05-27 2009-12-03 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Ultra premium bath tissue
US7994079B2 (en) 2002-12-17 2011-08-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Meltblown scrubbing product
US8361278B2 (en) 2008-09-16 2013-01-29 Dixie Consumer Products Llc Food wrap base sheet with regenerated cellulose microfiber
US8466216B2 (en) 2003-09-02 2013-06-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Low odor binders curable at room temperature
US10415189B2 (en) 2017-10-03 2019-09-17 Rayonier Performance Fibers, Llc Polyalkylene glycol based reagent with aldehyde end groups suitable for making cellulosic fibers with modified morphology
US10501891B1 (en) 2019-01-25 2019-12-10 Rayonier Performance Fibers, L.L.C. Crosslinking cellulose with Glyoxal to improve absorption properties
US10801163B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2020-10-13 H.B. Fuller Company Polyacrylic adhesive for use in tissue paper laminating

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2944931A (en) * 1957-12-13 1960-07-12 Crown Zellerbach Corp Sanitary paper and process of making the same
US3102838A (en) * 1960-02-23 1963-09-03 John A Manning Paper Company I Fiber treatment and resulting product
US3193446A (en) * 1962-11-26 1965-07-06 Us Rubber Co Latex bonded asbestos fiber sheet material
US3480016A (en) * 1968-02-02 1969-11-25 Celanese Corp Sanitary products
US3527719A (en) * 1963-01-29 1970-09-08 Rohm & Haas Cellulosic fibrous products and methods of making them
US3554863A (en) * 1968-06-25 1971-01-12 Riegel Textile Corp Cellulose fiber pulp sheet impregnated with a long chain cationic debonding agent

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2944931A (en) * 1957-12-13 1960-07-12 Crown Zellerbach Corp Sanitary paper and process of making the same
US3102838A (en) * 1960-02-23 1963-09-03 John A Manning Paper Company I Fiber treatment and resulting product
US3193446A (en) * 1962-11-26 1965-07-06 Us Rubber Co Latex bonded asbestos fiber sheet material
US3527719A (en) * 1963-01-29 1970-09-08 Rohm & Haas Cellulosic fibrous products and methods of making them
US3480016A (en) * 1968-02-02 1969-11-25 Celanese Corp Sanitary products
US3554863A (en) * 1968-06-25 1971-01-12 Riegel Textile Corp Cellulose fiber pulp sheet impregnated with a long chain cationic debonding agent

Cited By (113)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4445970A (en) * 1980-10-22 1984-05-01 Penntech Papers, Inc. High mineral composite fine paper
US4510019A (en) * 1981-05-12 1985-04-09 Papeteries De Jeand'heurs Latex containing papers
EP0184603A1 (en) * 1984-12-07 1986-06-18 Korsnäs-Marma Ab Process for preparing a fluff pulp
US5399240A (en) * 1987-01-20 1995-03-21 Weyerhaeuser Company Crosslinked cellulose products and method for their preparation
US5048589A (en) * 1988-05-18 1991-09-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Non-creped hand or wiper towel
EP0342646A3 (en) * 1988-05-18 1991-07-03 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Hand or wiper towel
EP0342646A2 (en) * 1988-05-18 1989-11-23 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Hand or wiper towel
AU613765B2 (en) * 1988-06-14 1991-08-08 Procter & Gamble Company, The Process for preparing soft tissue paper treated with noncationic surfactant
US5059282A (en) * 1988-06-14 1991-10-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper
US4959125A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-09-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper containing noncationic surfactant
US4940513A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-07-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for preparing soft tissue paper treated with noncationic surfactant
US5164046A (en) * 1989-01-19 1992-11-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for making soft tissue paper using polysiloxane compound
US5227242A (en) * 1989-02-24 1993-07-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multifunctional facial tissue
US5002982A (en) * 1990-02-26 1991-03-26 Gencorp Inc. Paper felts or mats
US5215626A (en) * 1991-07-19 1993-06-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for applying a polysiloxane to tissue paper
US5262007A (en) * 1992-04-09 1993-11-16 Procter & Gamble Company Soft absorbent tissue paper containing a biodegradable quaternized amine-ester softening compound and a temporary wet strength resin
US5264082A (en) * 1992-04-09 1993-11-23 Procter & Gamble Company Soft absorbent tissue paper containing a biodegradable quaternized amine-ester softening compound and a permanent wet strength resin
US5427696A (en) * 1992-04-09 1995-06-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Biodegradable chemical softening composition useful in fibrous cellulosic materials
US5494731A (en) * 1992-08-27 1996-02-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Tissue paper treated with nonionic softeners that are biodegradable
US5246546A (en) * 1992-08-27 1993-09-21 Procter & Gamble Company Process for applying a thin film containing polysiloxane to tissue paper
US5240562A (en) * 1992-10-27 1993-08-31 Procter & Gamble Company Paper products containing a chemical softening composition
US5279767A (en) * 1992-10-27 1994-01-18 The Procter & Gamble Company Chemical softening composition useful in fibrous cellulosic materials
US5543067A (en) * 1992-10-27 1996-08-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Waterless self-emulsiviable biodegradable chemical softening composition useful in fibrous cellulosic materials
US5474689A (en) * 1992-10-27 1995-12-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Waterless self-emulsifiable chemical softening composition useful in fibrous cellulosic materials
US5312522A (en) * 1993-01-14 1994-05-17 Procter & Gamble Company Paper products containing a biodegradable chemical softening composition
US5334286A (en) * 1993-05-13 1994-08-02 The Procter & Gamble Company Tissue paper treated with tri-component biodegradable softener composition
US5385642A (en) * 1993-05-13 1995-01-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for treating tissue paper with tri-component biodegradable softener composition
US5405501A (en) * 1993-06-30 1995-04-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Multi-layered tissue paper web comprising chemical softening compositions and binder materials and process for making the same
US5981044A (en) * 1993-06-30 1999-11-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Multi-layered tissue paper web comprising biodegradable chemical softening compositions and binder materials and process for making the same
US5437766A (en) * 1993-10-22 1995-08-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Multi-ply facial tissue paper product comprising biodegradable chemical softening compositions and binder materials
US5397435A (en) * 1993-10-22 1995-03-14 Procter & Gamble Company Multi-ply facial tissue paper product comprising chemical softening compositions and binder materials
AU722580B2 (en) * 1994-04-12 2000-08-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft tissue products
AU705757B2 (en) * 1994-04-12 1999-06-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft tissue products
US5510000A (en) * 1994-09-20 1996-04-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper products containing a vegetable oil based chemical softening composition
US5415737A (en) * 1994-09-20 1995-05-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper products containing a biodegradable vegetable oil based chemical softening composition
US5487813A (en) * 1994-12-02 1996-01-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Strong and soft creped tissue paper and process for making the same by use of biodegradable crepe facilitating compositions
US5573637A (en) * 1994-12-19 1996-11-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Tissue paper product comprising a quaternary ammonium compound, a polysiloxane compound and binder materials
US5575891A (en) * 1995-01-31 1996-11-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper containing an oil and a polyhydroxy compound
US5635028A (en) * 1995-04-19 1997-06-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making soft creped tissue paper and product therefrom
US5538595A (en) * 1995-05-17 1996-07-23 The Proctor & Gamble Company Chemically softened tissue paper products containing a ploysiloxane and an ester-functional ammonium compound
US5846380A (en) * 1995-06-28 1998-12-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Creped tissue paper exhibiting unique combination of physical attributes
US6419790B1 (en) 1996-05-09 2002-07-16 Fort James Corporation Methods of making an ultra soft, high basis weight tissue and product produced thereby
US5698076A (en) * 1996-08-21 1997-12-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Tissue paper containing a vegetable oil based quaternary ammonium compound
US5785813A (en) * 1997-02-24 1998-07-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Inc. Method of treating a papermaking furnish for making soft tissue
US6649024B2 (en) 1997-09-26 2003-11-18 Fort James Corporation Soft chemi-mechanically embossed absorbent paper product and method of making same
US7794566B2 (en) 1998-06-12 2010-09-14 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Method of making a paper web having a high internal void volume of secondary fibers
US8366881B2 (en) 1998-06-12 2013-02-05 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Method of making a paper web having a high internal void volume of secondary fibers
US20030136531A1 (en) * 1998-06-12 2003-07-24 Fort James Corporation Method of making a paper web having a high internal void volume of secondary fibers and a product made by the process
US6511579B1 (en) 1998-06-12 2003-01-28 Fort James Corporation Method of making a paper web having a high internal void volume of secondary fibers and a product made by the process
WO1999064673A1 (en) * 1998-06-12 1999-12-16 Fort James Corporation Method of making a paper web having a high internal void volume of secondary fibers and a product made by the process
US6824648B2 (en) 1998-06-12 2004-11-30 Fort James Corporation Method of making a paper web having a high internal void volume of secondary fibers and a product made by the process
US20100314059A1 (en) * 1998-06-12 2010-12-16 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Method of making a paper web having a high internal void volume of secondary fibers
US20050103455A1 (en) * 1998-06-12 2005-05-19 Fort James Corporation Method of making a paper web having a high internal void volume of secondary fibers
US6241850B1 (en) 1999-06-16 2001-06-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue product exhibiting improved lint resistance and process for making
US6322665B1 (en) * 1999-10-25 2001-11-27 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Reactive compounds to fibrous webs
US6264791B1 (en) * 1999-10-25 2001-07-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Flash curing of fibrous webs treated with polymeric reactive compounds
US6602387B1 (en) 1999-11-26 2003-08-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Thick and smooth multi-ply tissue
US6558511B2 (en) 2000-12-01 2003-05-06 Fort James Corporation Soft bulky multi-ply product and method of making the same
US6365000B1 (en) 2000-12-01 2002-04-02 Fort James Corporation Soft bulky multi-ply product and method of making the same
US20030121627A1 (en) * 2001-12-03 2003-07-03 Sheng-Hsin Hu Tissue products having reduced lint and slough
EP1942226A1 (en) 2001-12-18 2008-07-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. A paper product comprising a polyvinylamine polymer
US7435266B2 (en) 2001-12-18 2008-10-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Polyvinylamine treatments to improve dyeing of cellulosic materials
US6824650B2 (en) 2001-12-18 2004-11-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fibrous materials treated with a polyvinylamine polymer
US20030135181A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Sponge-like pad comprising paper layers and method of manufacture
US7799968B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2010-09-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Sponge-like pad comprising paper layers and method of manufacture
US20040062907A1 (en) * 2002-10-01 2004-04-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue with semi-synthetic cationic polymer
US6911114B2 (en) 2002-10-01 2005-06-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue with semi-synthetic cationic polymer
US6929714B2 (en) 2002-10-08 2005-08-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced slough
US6752905B2 (en) 2002-10-08 2004-06-22 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced slough
US20040194901A1 (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-10-07 Sheng-Hsin Hu Tissue products having reduced slough
US20040065422A1 (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-04-08 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced slough
US20040087237A1 (en) * 2002-11-06 2004-05-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced lint and slough
US6861380B2 (en) 2002-11-06 2005-03-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced lint and slough
US20040112558A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having enhanced strength
US6887350B2 (en) 2002-12-13 2005-05-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having enhanced strength
US7994079B2 (en) 2002-12-17 2011-08-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Meltblown scrubbing product
KR101101129B1 (en) 2003-02-07 2012-01-05 케미라 오와이제이 Anionic functional promoter and charge control agent with improved wet to dry tensile strength ratio
WO2004072376A1 (en) * 2003-02-07 2004-08-26 Lanxess Corporation Anionic functional promoter and charge control agent with improved wet to dry tensile strength ratio
US7364642B2 (en) 2003-08-18 2008-04-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Recycling of latex-containing broke
US20050039868A1 (en) * 2003-08-18 2005-02-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Recycling of latex-containing broke
US8466216B2 (en) 2003-09-02 2013-06-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Low odor binders curable at room temperature
US20050079361A1 (en) * 2003-10-14 2005-04-14 Hamed Othman A. Materials useful in making cellulosic acquisition fibers in sheet form
US20050129897A1 (en) * 2003-12-11 2005-06-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Disposable scrubbing product
US20050130536A1 (en) * 2003-12-11 2005-06-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Disposable scrubbing product
US20050148261A1 (en) * 2003-12-30 2005-07-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Nonwoven webs having reduced lint and slough
US20050148257A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Two-sided cloth like tissue webs
US7303650B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2007-12-04 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Splittable cloth like tissue webs
US7662256B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2010-02-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Methods of making two-sided cloth like webs
US20050145352A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Splittable cloth like tissue webs
US7422658B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2008-09-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Two-sided cloth like tissue webs
US20050247419A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-10 Hamed Othman A Treatment composition for making acquisition fluff pulp in sheet form
US20070112319A1 (en) * 2004-07-02 2007-05-17 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Absorbent Layer Structure
US7888548B2 (en) 2004-07-02 2011-02-15 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Absorbent layer structure
US20080006381A1 (en) * 2004-07-15 2008-01-10 Goulet Mike T Binders curable at room temperature with low blocking
US7678856B2 (en) 2004-07-15 2010-03-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Inc. Binders curable at room temperature with low blocking
US7678228B2 (en) * 2004-07-15 2010-03-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Binders curable at room temperature with low blocking
US20060184147A1 (en) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-17 Hamed Othman A Treatment composition for making acquisition fluff pulp in sheet form
US7312297B2 (en) 2005-02-16 2007-12-25 Rayonier Trs Holdings, Inc. Treatment composition for making acquisition fluff pulp in sheet form
US20070020452A1 (en) * 2005-07-21 2007-01-25 Hamed Othman A Acquisition fiber in sheet form with low degree of yellowing and low odor
EP3073011A1 (en) * 2006-10-10 2016-09-28 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products LP Method of producing absorbent sheet with increased wet/dry cd tensile ratio
US20100006249A1 (en) * 2006-10-10 2010-01-14 Kokko Bruce J Method of producing absorbent sheet with increased wet/dry CD tensile ratio
EP2074259A2 (en) * 2006-10-10 2009-07-01 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products LP Method of producing absorbent sheet with increased wet/dry cd tensile ratio
US7585392B2 (en) * 2006-10-10 2009-09-08 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Method of producing absorbent sheet with increased wet/dry CD tensile ratio
EP2074259A4 (en) * 2006-10-10 2012-07-25 Georgia Pacific Consumer Prod Method of producing absorbent sheet with increased wet/dry cd tensile ratio
US20080083519A1 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-10 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Method of Producing Absorbent Sheet with Increased Wet/Dry CD Tensile Ratio
US7951266B2 (en) * 2006-10-10 2011-05-31 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Method of producing absorbent sheet with increased wet/dry CD tensile ratio
US8287986B2 (en) 2008-05-27 2012-10-16 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Ultra premium bath tissue
US20090297781A1 (en) * 2008-05-27 2009-12-03 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Ultra premium bath tissue
US8361278B2 (en) 2008-09-16 2013-01-29 Dixie Consumer Products Llc Food wrap base sheet with regenerated cellulose microfiber
US10801163B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2020-10-13 H.B. Fuller Company Polyacrylic adhesive for use in tissue paper laminating
US10415189B2 (en) 2017-10-03 2019-09-17 Rayonier Performance Fibers, Llc Polyalkylene glycol based reagent with aldehyde end groups suitable for making cellulosic fibers with modified morphology
US10501891B1 (en) 2019-01-25 2019-12-10 Rayonier Performance Fibers, L.L.C. Crosslinking cellulose with Glyoxal to improve absorption properties
WO2020154575A1 (en) 2019-01-25 2020-07-30 Rayonier Performance Fibers, Llc Crosslinking cellulose with glyoxal to improve absorption properties

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3844880A (en) Sequential addition of a cationic debonder, resin and deposition aid to a cellulosic fibrous slurry
US3755220A (en) Cellulosic sheet material having a thermosetting resin bonder and a surfactant debonder and method for producing same
US3817827A (en) Soft absorbent fibrous webs containing elastomeric bonding material and formed by creping and embossing
US4496427A (en) Preparation of hydrophilic polyolefin fibers for use in papermaking
US6911114B2 (en) Tissue with semi-synthetic cationic polymer
US11214927B2 (en) Method for increasing the strength properties of a paper or board product
US3819470A (en) Modified cellulosic fibers and method for preparation thereof
US4722964A (en) Epoxidized polyalkyleneamine-amide wet strength resin
US11655593B2 (en) Method for manufacturing multi-layered fibrous web and multi-layered fibrous web
US4214948A (en) Method of sizing paper
US2944931A (en) Sanitary paper and process of making the same
US2022004A (en) Paper sizing
US4028172A (en) Process of making paper
CN105593434A (en) Compositions and methods of making paper products
USRE29960E (en) Method of sizing paper
JPS638240B2 (en)
US5275698A (en) Enhancement of tissue paper softness with minimal effect on strength
WO2020128144A1 (en) A process for producing paper or board and a product thereof
US7217340B2 (en) Chemical softening composition for paper products
JPH0151598B2 (en)
US3062703A (en) Wet-strength paper containing polymeric dialdehydes
US3382142A (en) Cellulosic sizing compositions of rosin and polymeric reaction products
EP0014534B1 (en) Preparation of hydrophilic polyolefin fibres and paper containing these fibres
US3250666A (en) Method of forming cellulosic paper containing rosin and polyethylene
GB1591199A (en) Process for the dry strength of corrugating medium