US3549357A - Dry impact coating of powder metal parts - Google Patents
Dry impact coating of powder metal parts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3549357A US3549357A US739198A US3549357DA US3549357A US 3549357 A US3549357 A US 3549357A US 739198 A US739198 A US 739198A US 3549357D A US3549357D A US 3549357DA US 3549357 A US3549357 A US 3549357A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- article
- powder
- sintered
- powder metal
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/1208—Containers or coating used therefor
- B22F3/1258—Container manufacturing
- B22F3/1266—Container manufacturing by coating or sealing the surface of the preformed article, e.g. by melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
- C23C24/045—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles by trembling using impacting inert media
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12708—Sn-base component
- Y10T428/12722—Next to Group VIII metal-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
- Y10T428/12799—Next to Fe-base component [e.g., galvanized]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component
- Y10T428/12917—Next to Fe-base component
Definitions
- Powder metallurgical processes are well known techniques for producing metal articles in forms that are otherwise difiicult to manufacture.
- Powdered metal such as iron and iron alloys
- Powdered metal is used in the manufacture of many useful articles by processes in which the powders are first compacted by pressure alone into the approximate shape of the finished article and sintered at an elevated temperature, e.g., 14002l00 F., in furnaces provided with the protective atmosphere to prevent oxidatlon. In sintering, the powders coalesce and are bonded into an integral metallurgical structure. When desirable, the sintered atricles may be additionally processed.
- the present invention provides a unique method of producing coated powder metal parts by dry impact coating.
- a method which comprises compacting and sintering powder metal into an article of desired configuration.
- the compacted and sintered article is then tumbled in a confined area in contact with impacting elements such as grinding balls and in the presence of a coating material.
- impacting elements such as grinding balls and in the presence of a coating material.
- the powder metal article is coated, and, after coating excess coating material is removed. Thereafter the coated powder metal article is sintered to bond the coating to the base metal.
- Powder metal parts may be produced by conventional techniques in which iron or iron alloy powder is compacted to a medium density of about 5.5 grams per cubic centimeter to 7.4 grams per cubic centimeter. Small additions of copper or other metals may be added to the base metal to improve physical properties.
- the compacted metal powder is then sintered, usually in a conventional sintering furnace, in either a batch or continuous operation. For an iron bearing compact, a sintering schedule of l40 minutes at a temperature of 19002150 is preferred.
- the sintering temperature is, of course, a function of the material and the physical properties required and will vary with different metals. However, the powder metallurgical arts are sufficiently well developed so that this information is well known to those skilled therein.
- the compacted and sintered iron alloy article is then placed in a tumbler, preferably substantially immediately after sintering to avoid and/or minimize contamination of the powder metal article by, for example, oxidation or soiling.
- the sintered article is tumbled in contact with impacting elements such as steel balls of varying diameters.
- tumbling is best performed with the impacting elements and the sintered compact experiencing a falling rather than sliding action. This may be achieved with tumbler operations of between 30 and revolutions per minute. Desirably, the tumbling cycle should be from 30 to 45 minutes, depending upon the thickness of the coating desired.
- the coated article is sintered, preferably in a conventional sintering furnace, for a time and at a temperature which is a function of the metal coating.
- the coated article may be satisfactorily sintered in 20 to 45 minutes at 1400l600 F. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. Inert or reducing gases may be used and a hydrogen-containing gas is preferred.
- the object of sintering the coated article is to metallurgically bond the coating to the base metal. Following sin tering the coated powder article may be subsequently processed as desired.
- the articles may be sized, coined or impregnated in accordance with well known practices.
- Iron powder of 99% purity is blended with a die lubricant, e.g. stearic acid, for about 20 minutes.
- the blended powder is pressed in a die under pressure of about 30 tons/inch to form a green compact suitable for handling.
- Green compacts of iron will usually be of medium density in the range of about 5.5 gr./cc. to 7.4 gr./cc. and for the purposes of the invention must be less than the theoretical density.
- the compact is transferred to mesh belt continuous furnace and sintered at about 2050 F. for about 30 minutes.
- the sintered article is then placed in a rotary tumbler with metal beads and shot.
- the coating material fine copper powder of 99% purity which is used in this example, is added to the tumbler.
- the tumbler is rotated to provide an impacting rather than a sliding action of the beads and shot on to the sintered article and the relatively soft copper powder is smeared or impacted on the article to coat same. Since the sintered article has a density less than theoretical, minute pores are present on the surface and the coating material lodges into these pores or crevices.
- the copper coated article is removed from the tumbler and excess coating material is shaken off.
- the coated article is then sintered at a temperature below the melting point of the coating material.
- sintering would be performed by heating at about 1550 F. for about 20 minutes. During sintering the copper is metallurgically bond to the iron base.
- a method of producing coated powder metal articles which comprises:
- particulate coating material from the group consist- 5 References Cited ing essentially of copper, tin, cadmium, and zinc whereby said article is coated with said coating UNITED STATES PATENTS material, 2,251,410 8/1941 Koehring 29182.2 (c) removing excess coating material from said coated 2,490,543 12/1949 Robertson 29191.2X
- a method according to claim 1 wherein the coating material is copper powder and the copper coated article 11731 is sintered from 20 to minutes at 1400 F. to 1600" F. 20
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US73919868A | 1968-06-24 | 1968-06-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3549357A true US3549357A (en) | 1970-12-22 |
Family
ID=24971232
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US739198A Expired - Lifetime US3549357A (en) | 1968-06-24 | 1968-06-24 | Dry impact coating of powder metal parts |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3549357A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3652317A (en) * | 1970-05-01 | 1972-03-28 | Getters Spa | Method of producing substrate having a particulate metallic coating |
US3900200A (en) * | 1971-12-04 | 1975-08-19 | Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd | Scuff resistant sliding member |
US4454175A (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1984-06-12 | Merrill David Martin | Method of applying lubricant coating to bullets |
US4508680A (en) * | 1982-06-08 | 1985-04-02 | National Aerospace Laboratory Of Science And Technology Agency | Method of manufacturing a rocket combustion chamber |
US4584171A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1986-04-22 | National Aerospace Laboratories Of Science & Technology Agency | Method of producing rocket combustors |
US4587096A (en) * | 1985-05-23 | 1986-05-06 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Canless method for hot working gas atomized powders |
US5147686A (en) * | 1988-03-17 | 1992-09-15 | Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd. | Method of making titanium oxide powder having antimicrobial metal supported thereon |
US5700850A (en) | 1993-08-05 | 1997-12-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide | Colorant compositions and colorant stabilizers |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2251410A (en) * | 1939-04-27 | 1941-08-05 | Gen Motors Corp | Composite metal structure and method of making same |
US2490543A (en) * | 1945-06-27 | 1949-12-06 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making composite stock |
US3142559A (en) * | 1960-11-08 | 1964-07-28 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making a bearing |
US3287157A (en) * | 1962-10-10 | 1966-11-22 | Prismo Safety Corp | Method of plating metal article with metal |
US3328197A (en) * | 1965-02-08 | 1967-06-27 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Mechanical plating |
-
1968
- 1968-06-24 US US739198A patent/US3549357A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2251410A (en) * | 1939-04-27 | 1941-08-05 | Gen Motors Corp | Composite metal structure and method of making same |
US2490543A (en) * | 1945-06-27 | 1949-12-06 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making composite stock |
US3142559A (en) * | 1960-11-08 | 1964-07-28 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making a bearing |
US3287157A (en) * | 1962-10-10 | 1966-11-22 | Prismo Safety Corp | Method of plating metal article with metal |
US3328197A (en) * | 1965-02-08 | 1967-06-27 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Mechanical plating |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3652317A (en) * | 1970-05-01 | 1972-03-28 | Getters Spa | Method of producing substrate having a particulate metallic coating |
US3900200A (en) * | 1971-12-04 | 1975-08-19 | Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd | Scuff resistant sliding member |
US4454175A (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1984-06-12 | Merrill David Martin | Method of applying lubricant coating to bullets |
US4508680A (en) * | 1982-06-08 | 1985-04-02 | National Aerospace Laboratory Of Science And Technology Agency | Method of manufacturing a rocket combustion chamber |
US4584171A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1986-04-22 | National Aerospace Laboratories Of Science & Technology Agency | Method of producing rocket combustors |
US4587096A (en) * | 1985-05-23 | 1986-05-06 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Canless method for hot working gas atomized powders |
EP0202886A1 (en) * | 1985-05-23 | 1986-11-26 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Canless method for hot working gas atomized powders |
US5147686A (en) * | 1988-03-17 | 1992-09-15 | Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd. | Method of making titanium oxide powder having antimicrobial metal supported thereon |
US5700850A (en) | 1993-08-05 | 1997-12-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide | Colorant compositions and colorant stabilizers |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ALLEGHENY INTERNATIONAL, INC., TWO OLIVER PLAZA P. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ALLEGHENY LUDLUM STEEL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004284/0598 Effective date: 19840717 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: THERMCO SYSTEMS, INC., 1465 N BATAVIA ORANGE CALIF Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ALLEGHENY INGERNATIONAL, INC.,;REEL/FRAME:004297/0022 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KEYSTONE CARBON COMPANY, A PA CORP. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:THERMCO SYSTEMS, INC.;ALLEGHENY INTERNATIONAL, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004779/0678 Effective date: 19870629 |