US3229748A

US3229748A - Tube-firing gas burner assembly

Info

Publication number: US3229748A
Application number: US327149A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lyle S Spielman
Original assignee: Eclipse Fuel Engineering Co
Current assignee: Eclipse Fuel Engineering Co
Priority date: 1963-11-29
Filing date: 1963-11-29
Publication date: 1966-01-18
Anticipated expiration: 1983-01-18

Description

Jan. 18, 1966 l.. s. SPIELMAN TUBE-FIRING GAS BURNER ASSEMBLY 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Nov. 29, 1963 mm W mf. R

l V f 0 s W s Jan. 18, 1966 L. s. SPIELMAN 3,229,748

TUBE-FIRING GAS BURNER ASSEMBLY Filed Nov. 29, 1965 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 96 INVENTOR. .YLE 5. SP/ELMAA/ BY? M ATTORNEY Jan. 18, 1966 l.. s. SPIELMAN 3,229,748

TUBE-FIRING GAS BURNER ASSEMBLY Filed Nov. 29, 1963 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 llll IAVI

INVENTOR.

L YL E 5 SP/ELMA/V ,wmp/VFY A Jan. 18, 1966 L, s. sPu-:LMAN 3,229,748

TUBE-FIRING GAS BURNER ASSEMBLY Filed Nov. 29, 1963 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

65a YE24.

/ INVENTOR.

66 6a ma ArToR/VEY United States Patent O 3,229,748 TUBE-FIRING GAS BURNER ASSEMBLY Lyle S. Spielman, Rockford, Ill., assignor to Eclipse Fuel Engineering Co., Rockford, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Filed Nov. 29, 1963, Ser. No. 327,149 22 Claims. (Cl. 158-109) The improved burner assembly comprising the present invention has been designed for use primarily as a submersion burner in connection with the internal firing of long single-pass or multiplepass immersion tubes which are submerged in or enveloped by a body of liquid to be heated. Typical applications of the present burner assembly include such installations as cleaning and degreasing tanks, quenching and tempering tanks, asphalt tanks, spray washing equipment, salt baths and a large variety of other industrial immersion heating apparatuses too numerous to mention. The invention is, however, capable of other uses and the improved burner assembly of the present invention may, if desired and with or without modiiication as required, be employed in connection with heating installations other than immersion-type installations. For example, a burner assembly embodying the novel features of the present invention may be employed for firing into a combustion block that is associated with a boiler or furnace capable of use in connection with space heating or a steam generating plant. Irrespective, however, of the particular use to which the present invention may be put, the essential features of the invention are at all times preserved.

It is among the principal objects of the present invention to provide a nozzle mixing burner assembly having associated therewith novel proportioning control means whereby the air-gas ratio 4remains substantially constant during the entire turn-down range of the assembly, this despite fluctuations in back pressure which may be encountered in a tube undergoing tiring. In most burner assemblies that are designed for the same purpose as the burner assembly of the present invention, fluctuations in back pressure which may be encountered in the tube undergoing rinig affect the flow of gas and air through the burner passages unequally, thus changing the air-gas ratio, causing erratic burner operation, and preventing stoichiometric conditions from being obtained in either the combuston chamber that is associated with the burner assembly or in the tube undergoing tiring. Changes in pressure of either the air supply or the gas supply have a similar affect upon burner operation. In connection wit-h conventional burner assemblies, turndown operations frequently result in a marked change in the air-gas ratio, this change often leading to soot accumulation, noisy operation and other undesirable phenomena. The present invention is designed to overcome the aforementioned limitations that are attendant upon the construction and use of conventional tube-firing burner assemblies and, toward this end, the invention contemplates the provision of a proportioning burner assembly having associated therewith a pair of cooperating air and gas proportioning plates which function in the manner of shutter plates and are provided with cooperating shutter openings, certain of which control the ow of air therethrough and others of which control the flow of gas therethrough, the various openings being so designed that, )during turn-down operations, the ratio of flow of air to the flow of gas through such `openings remains constant between maximum high iire and minimum low re conditions of burner operation.

The provision of a burner assembly having cooperating proportioning plates of the character briefly outlined above being among the principal objects of the invention, it is a similar and related object to provide, additionally, cooperating excess air openings in the two plates, these latter ICC openings serving to supply air at all times to a secondary air chamber from which the excess air is discharged into a peripheral region of the associated combustion chamber with the burner for maintenance of a pilot flame in such region, this pilot flame being effective at all turn-down ratios.

Another and important object of the invention is to provide in a burner assembly of the character under consideration, a novel means for effecting turbulence of the gaseous constituents of combustion at the entrance to the combustion chamber, such turbulence existing under both high and low re conditions and serving, among other things, to carry the fuel gas constituent intoy the peripheral regions of the combustion chamber where it may become thoroughly admixed with the air entering the combustion chamber instead `of short circuiting axially through the central region of the combustion chamber. The danger of such short circuiting of fuel gas centrally through a combustion chamber is prevalen-t in many types of burner assemblies for the same purpose as the present burner assembly, particularly under conditions of low tire and the present invention is effective to prevent such short cirf cuiting even under minimum tire conditions when only a trickle or small amount of fuel gas is being supplied to the combustion chamber through the various burner ports and passages. In carrying out this last mentioned object of the invention, means are provided whereby all of the fuel gas which is supplied to t-he lburner assembly and is conducted to the combustion chamber by way of a secondary gas chamber in associated relation with the burner nozzle, is caused to penetrate a thin curtain of air which is projected into its path from a secondary air chamber. Before 'the fuel gas may enter the combustion chamber, it is caused to penetrate this curtain of air and, in so doing, it is broken up, combined with air, and forcibly projected into the combustion chamber intimately mixed with the air so that it is carried into the peripheral regions of the combustion chamber, as well as into the central regi-ons thereof, thus establishing a wide area o-f thoroughly admixed fuel gas and air for initial combustion purposes.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a burner `assembly in which the initially admixed and distributed fuel gas and air resulting from such a curtain of air is subsequently supplied with additional air `at a point downstream in the combustion chamber, thus establishing a combustion chamber region where further and more complete combustion takes place resulting in stoichiometric conditions at this point or region of the combustion chamber.

The provision of a burner assembly which is designed especially for tube-firing purposes and may be manufactured as a completely packaged unit that need be only bolted to a tube which is to be tired and connected to a gas line before the burner is ready for operation; one which lends itself to full automatic operation; one which is comprised of a minimum number of parts, particularly moving parts, so that the same is unlikely to get out of order; one which is rugged and durable and, therefore, will withstand rough usage; one which is capable of high fuel inputs; one which affords intimate flame contact with the wall of the tube undengoing ring so that high heat transfer is attained; one which affords even 4heat distribution along the tube undergoing firing; one which has a relatively low noise level at all turn-down ratios; one which is capable of ease of dismantlement for purposes of inspection of parts and replacement or repair thereof; and one which, otherwise, is well adapted to perform the services required of it, are further desirable features which have been borne in mind in the production and development of the present invention.

Numerous other objects and advantages of the invention, not at this time enumerated, will become more readily apparent as the following description ensues.

In the accompanying four sheets of drawings forming a part of this specification, one illustrative embodiment of the invention has been shown.

In these drawings:

FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken substantially vertically and centrally through a horizontally disposed burner assembly embodying the principles of the present invention, and showing the same operatively applied in a tube heating installation;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2 2 of FIG. 1 and in the direction indicated by the arrows;

FIG. 3 is a sectional View taken on the line 3 3 of FIG. 1;

l FIG. 4 is 'a sectional view taken on the line 4 4 of FIG. l;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken onthe line 5 5 of FIG. 1;

FIG. '6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6 6 of FIG. l; and

FIG. 7 is an enlarged detail sectional View of a limited portion of the structure shown in FIG. 1. Referring now to the drawings in detail and in .particular to FIG. l, a burner assembly embodying the present invention has been designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 10 and is shown as being operatively connected to a submersion tube 12, the interior of which is required to be fired, and to a blower 14 which supplies combustion air, as well as to a source of fuel gas through a suitable conduit or gas line 16. The burner assembly is designed primarily, but not necessarily, for the purpose of firing a long single immersion tube such as the tube 12, the latter being associated with .and forming a part of such typical applications as a cleaning tank, a quenching and tempering tank, a spray washer, a salt bath or other industrial immersion heating installation where a large body of liquid to be heated is involved. The blower 14 furnishes low pressure combustion air to the burner assembly 1 0, while the line 16 furnishes raw fuel gas or a mixture of fuel gas and air, as required, the particular gaseous constituent that is furnished by this line being referred to herein simply as fuel gas.

` Briefly, the burner assembly y10 includes a main body casting which provides' a mounting for certain internal and external components, the internal components consisting mainly` of gas and air mixing and proportioning instrumentalities, together with linkage mechanism for actuating these instrumentalities. The body casting 20 is provided with means whereby the burner assembly as a whole may be mounted in a given installation with the blower 1:4 directly supported or mounted on the body casting, the burner assembly bein-g operatively applied or att-ached` to the particular tube 12 which is to be red. Said body casting 20 also functions as a manifold for combustion air `as will becomemore readily apparent When the nature of the invention is better understood.

Considering the main body casting 20 in greater detail, this casting is preferably formed of cast iron and is generally of cylindrical cup-shaped design. The casting includes a circular, vertically extending rear wall 22, a substantially cylindrical, horizontally extending outer wall 24, and an internal, radially extending throat 26, the upper or inner end of which is turned forwardly to provide a lsemi-cylindrical wall 27 having a forwardly facing circular rim 28. The lower end of the throat 26 communicates with a boss 30 which is internally threaded as at 32 for reception of the threaded end 34 of the gas supply line 16. The rear wall 22 of the body casting is formed with a central opening 36 having a marginal attachment ange 38 by means of which the body casting may be operatively connected to the outlet side 40 of the blower 14 in blower-supporting relationship. The forward rim of-the cylindrical outer wall 24 terminates in an annular attachment or bolting ange 42 which is designed for attachment to a similar mating ange 44 on the adjacent end of the tube 12 undergoing firing. A thickened region 46 `at the juncture between the cylindrical wall 24 and the rear wall 22 at the top of the body casting 20 affords a reinforced support for a horizontally extending operating shaft 48, the nature and function of which will be made clear presently. The internal throat 26 divides the interior of the body casting 20 into a main air chamber 50 and a gas chamber 52 (see FIG. 5). Both chambers opening in a forward direction, the former chamber presenting an annular opening and the latter chamber presenting a. circular opening within the annular opening.

Still referring to (FIG. 1, the burner assembly 10 further includes a xed rear proportioning plate 60 and a movable front proportioning plate 62. The rear proportioning plate 60 is substantially'at and is of circular design. As shown in FIG. 2, this plate 60 is provided with a series of ve equally and circumferentially spaced shutter openings `64, these openings being in the form of arcuate slots of appreciable arcuate extent and radial height and being disposed adjacent to the periphery of the plate 60. In the central regions of the plate 60 there is provided a series of live shutter openings 66, similarly of arcuate design and circumferentially spaced and of cone siderably less arcuate extent and radial height. In the intermediate or central region of the plate 60, there is provided a series of tive additional shutter openings 68 of large arcuate extent and of small radial height. Corresponding

openings

64, 66 and 68 .of the three series of openings are arranged in groups of three radially aligned openings. The leading edges of the openings of each group, considered in a clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. v2, are disposed in true radial alignment. The trailing edges of the

openings

64 and 66 of each group are likewise in true radial alignment. The trailing edges of the openings 68 of each group are circumferentially displaced in a counterclockwise direction from the trailing edges of the corresponding

openings

64 and 66. Stated otherwise, the arcuate spans of the

lopenings

64 and 66, when measured in degrees, are equal, the openings spanning the same circle sector. The arcuate spans of the openings 68 are greater than the arcuate spans of the openings -64 and `66, when these spans are measured in degrees.

The fixed rear proportioning plate 460 is secured to the forwardly facing semi-circular rim 28 of the throat 26 by means of elongated, horizontally extending clamping bolts 70`which project completely through the semi-cylindrical wall 27 of the gas chamber 52 (see FIG. 5) and have their forward ends threadedly received in the rear proportioning plate 60.` Said fixed rear proportioning plate l60 is provided with a central bore 72 therethrough. The wall of the bore 72 constitutes a bearing surface for a pivot bolt 7-4, such bolt having a reduced threaded shank 76, a cylindrical section 78, and an enlarged head 80. The reduced shank 76 of the. bolt 74 is threadedly received in a hub 82 on the movable front proportioning plate 62. The cylindrical section 78 of the bolt 74 is rotatable in the bore 72. The enlarged head 80 -of said bolt 74 overlies the rim of the lbore 72 and maintains the front proportioning plate 62 in sliding contact with the fixed rear plate 60.

The movable front proportioning plate 62 is capable of limited oscillating movements with respect to the fixed'. rear proportionlng plate 60 and about the horizontal axis:

of the pivot bolt 74. Said plate 62 is formed with threef series of five openings each and such openings corre-l spond in size, shape and positioning to the size, shape and posltioning of the three series of

openings

64, 66 and 68 in the fixed rear plate 60. F-or convenience of description, the corresponding openings in the two plates have been similarly designated, the openings in the plate 62 bearing the suix a. Corresponding openings in the two

plates

60 and 62 are designed for register with each other, the fixed rear proportioning plate 60 constituting a fixed shutter plate and the movable front proportioning plate 62 constituting a cooperating movable shutter plate. Means, subsequently to be described, are provided for regulably adjusting the angular position of the movable front proportioning plate 62 with respect to the fixed rear proportioning plate 60 in order to vary the effective size of the cooperating openings in the two plates.

The -

openings

64 and 64a lie outside the peripheral confines of the cylindrical wall 27 and thus are in register with the air chamber 50 so that they constitute air openings. The

openings

68 and 68a also are in register with the air chamber 50 and constitute air openings. The

openings

66 and 66a lie within the cylindrical confines of the wall 27 and thus are in register with the gas chamber 52 so that they constitute gas openings.

Projecting forwardly from the front movable proportioning plate 62 at a circular region substantially midway between the central axis of the plate and the latters periphery is an imperforate cylindrical wall 84 which, in combination with the innermost slotted region of the plate 62, provides a relatively deep cup-shaped secondary gas chamber 86. The latter communicates with the primary or main gas chamber 52 through the medium of the registering

openings

66 and 66a.

Secured to the forward rim 88 of the cylindrical wall 84 is a cup-shaped nozzle member 90 which is telescopically received over the cylindrical wall 84 and, in combination therewith, establishes an annular inner secondary air chamber 92 around the secondary gas chamber 86. The nozzle member 90 is provided with a flat radial wall 94 and, in addition, a cylindrical wall 96 which is concentric with but slightly spaced from the rim 88 of the cylindrical wall 84. The spacing of the fiat radial wall from the rim 88 is effected by the difference in axial extent between the two

walls

84 and 96, the former wall being slightly shorter in an axial direction than the latter wall. Additionally, spacer washers 98 are disposed between the wall 94 and the rim 88 and surround the clamping bolts 100 y which extend through the wall 94 and are threadedly received in the forward circular rim 88 of the cylindrical wall 84. The rear open circular rim 106 of the nozzle member 98 seats on the movable front proportioning plate 62. The nozzle member and the front proportioning plate are thus rotatably bodily as a unit about the axis of the pivot bolt 74.

The circular wall 94 of the nozzle member 90 is formed with an enlarged central opening 108 which is in registry with the secondary gas chamber 86, and also with a circular row of relatively small spaced openings 110, such openings being in registry with the secondary air chamber 92. The enlarged opening 108 constitutes a gas port which opens into a cylindrical combustion chamber 112 in a tubular combustion shell 114, the rear end region of which surrounds the cylindrical wall 96 of the nozzle member 90 and is slightly spaced therefrom. The rear end of the combustion shell 114 is formed with a slotted, forwardly extending, frusto-conical flange 116 (hereinafter referred to as the diffuser cone) therein. The peripheral region of the diffuser cone is fixedly secured to the inside face of the cylindrical wall 24 of the main body casting 26 by lmeans of fastening screws 118. The circular row of openings 110 open into the combustion chamber 112 in the peripheral region of the latter. The diffuser cone 116, in combination with the peripheral region of the movable proportioning plate 62 and the wall 24 of the casting 20 establishes an annular outer secondary air chamber 119 around a portion of the annular inner secondary air chamber 92.

The tubular combustion shell 114 is provided with a series of radial orifices 120 while the diffuser cone 116 is provided with a multiplicity of closely spaced slots 122 (see FIG. 4), such slots extending in the direction of 6 slant of the diffuser cone and being of slightly less length than the slant length of the cone.

A retention nozzle in the form of a ring is secured by fastening screws 132 to the forward rim region of the cylindrical wall of the combustion shell 114 and is provided with a series of radial fingers 134 (see FIG. 6), adjacent fingers establishing therebetween a series of slots 136 through which air from the annular space 121 that exists between the retention shell 114 and the wall of tube 12 may pass forwardly for admixture with the products of combustion leaving the combustion chamber 112. This annular space 121 constitutes, in effect, a forward extension of the outer secondary air chamber 119 and extends around, but is spaced from, the combustion chamber 112.

For ignition purposes, a spark plug 140 is threadedly received in a thickened wall portion 142 which is a part of the main body casting 20 and is located adjacent to the bolting flange 42. The electrode 144 of the spark plug pass radially inwardly through

slots

146 and 148 in the peripheral region of the diffuser cone 116 and in the combustion shell 114, respectively, the spark gap of the electrode 144 being disposed immediately forwardly of one of the openings 110 in the wall 94 of the nozzle member 90. A conventional flame rod assembly 150 is similarly mounted on the main body casting 20 in diametrically opposed relationship to the spark plug 140 and has its flame rod proper 152 similarly disposed with respect to one of the openings 110.

The previously mentioned means for effecting angular turning movements of the movable front proportioning plate 62 comprises the previously mentioned operating shaft 48 which is rotatably mounted in the thickened wall portion 46 in the upper region of the main body casting 20 and at the juncture between the

walls

22 and 24 thereof. The outer end of the shaft 48 carries an actuating handle 168 while the inner end of the shaft carries a crank arm 170. The outer end of the crank arm 170 is connected to one laterally turned end 172 of an elongated link 174, and the other end of the link has a laterally turned end 176 which is connected to the movable front proportioning plate 62 at a point adjacent to the periphery thereof. Cotter pin and washer assemblies 180 pass through the laterally turned ends 172 and 176 of the link 174 and serve to maintain the pivotal relationship between said laterally turned ends 172 and 176 and the elements to which they are pivotally connected. As best seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the full angular throw of the movable front proportioning plate 62 is such that it may move between a positioin of full throttle opening wherein the

various openings

64 and 66 of the fixed rear proportioning plate 60 are completely uncovered by reason of their registry with the

openings

64a and 66a, respectively, and a position wherein these former openings are completely covered by imperforate portions of the movable front proportional plate 62. Such movement of the front proportioning plate involves an angular displacement of the plate of approximately 35 and, in order that the laterally turned end 172 of the link 170 may have freedom of movement throughout the full angle necessary for such displacement, this end operates in one of the slots 64a, such one slot being formed with a clearance notch 182 into which the laterally turned end 176 moves when the

openings

64 and 64a are fully in register. This position of full registry between the two

proportioning plates

60 and 62 is illustrated in full lines in FIGS. 2 and 3 and a position of partial registry between the plates is shown in dotted lines in these views. In one extreme position of the movable front proportioning plate 62, all of the

openings

64, 66 and 68 are fully uncovered. However, due to the greater arcuate extent of the

slots

68 and 68a, in the other extreme position of the movable front proportioning plate 62, when the

slots

64 and 66 are completely covered, the slots remain only partially covered as shown in FIG. 2. Thus, at no time is the supply of air to the secondary air chamber 92 and from this chamber to the combustion chamber 112 through the openings 110 completely shut off.

In the operation of the herein described burner assembly, the blower 14 maintains a substantially constant air pressure at the air inlet opening 36 and in the main air chamber 50. Similarly, gas that is supplied to the throat 26 maintains a substantiallyconstant gas pressure in the gas chamber 52. Assuming now that the movable front proportioning plate 62 is in its fully opened position wherein all of the

openings

64, 66 and 68 are in register with their

counterpart openings

64a, 66a, and 68a, respectively, and that the burner is in full operation at its maximum ring rate, maximum gas ow through the registering

openings

66 and 66a and from the gas chamber 52 within the throat 26 to the secondary gas chamber 86 takes place while, at the same time, maximum air flow through the registering,

openings

68 and 68a and from the main air chamber '50y to the secondary air chamber 92 also takes place. The gas, before it passes through the central openings 108 in the vertical wall 94 of the cup-shaped nozzle member 90, encounters a thin radial curtain or sheet of inwardly owing air which passes radially inwardly through the annular gap existing between the forward rim 88 and the vertical wall 94, this gap being designated at 200 in FIG. 1. The function of this thin curtain of air is to create turbulence of the gas which issues through the large central opening 108 and enters the combustion chamber 112 and also to distribute this gas throughout the combustion chamber. The provision of such a thin curtain of air constitutes one of the important features of the present invention inasmuch as Without it there would be a tendency for the gas to flow axially from the large central opening 108 and pass through the central axial regions of the combustion chamber without becoming intimately mixed with the air issuing from either the openings 110 or the openings 120. The existence of this thin curtain of air is, of course, predicated upon the fact that the pressure of air within the air chamber 50 is appreciably higher than the pressure of gas within the gas chamber 52.

The gas, after it has thus broken through the thin curtain of air issuing radially inwardly from the gap 200, is then in such a degree of turbulence and is so intermixed with sufficient air from the curtain that small eddy currents thereof are constrained to move into the vicinity of the air openings 110 and, by reason of the spark plug electrode 144, ignition is initially established in thevzone just forwardly of the openings 110. This initial combustion establishes a ring of flame which also serves as a pilot during low re conditions as will be described presently.

A small amount of air passes from the main air chamber 50 through the narrow annulus 202 that exists between the combustion shell 114 and the cylindrical wall 96, and such small amount of air serves substantially the same purpose as the airV issuing from the opening 110.

Further along the combustion chamber 112 remote from the wall 94 of the nozzle member 90, the partially burned products of combustion Vmix with air flowing radially inwardly through the openings 120 in the cylindrical wall of the combustion shell 114 and combustion is continued in the exit region of the combustion shellV 114 but stoichiometric conditions are not attained in the combustion chamber and a rich mixture leaves the chamber and enters the tube 12.

Air passing through the registering

openings

64 and 64a in the peripheral regions of the fixed and

movable plates

60 and 62, respectively, enters the secondary air chamber 119, passes through the slots 122 in the diffuser cone 116 and, finally, encounters the retention ring 130 so that a back pressure is built up in the annular space between the wall of the tube 12 and the combustion shell 114, .this back pressure being sufcient to force,` the air inwardly through the openings 120 as previously described.

The remainder of the air Within the chamber 119 passes forwardly through the slots 136 existing between the radial fingers 134 on the retention nozzle 130 and mixes with the rich mixture issuing from the combustion chamber 112. This air establishes further turbulence of the gas and air and spreads the flame in all directions and expands it into intimate heat exchange relationship with the tube walls, while at the same time supplying the additional air necessary to establish stoichiometric conditions within the tube 12 forwardly of the burner assembly.

The firing rate of the burner assembly may be reduced by manipulation of the handle 168 whereupon, by turning the shaft 4,8 in a clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 3, the movable front proportioning plate 62 is caused to rotate in such a direction as progressively to close off the three series of registering openings in the two

proportioning plates

60 and 62. Due to the Shape of the

openings

64 and 66 and, due to the fact that adjacent radially disposed openings span the same circle sector, the simultaneous reduction in size of the openings maintains a constant gas-air ratio. It is to be noted at this point that this constant gas-air ratio prevails regardless of any back pressure which may be created within the tube 12 undergoing ring because such back pressure operates to throttle the gas and air equally.

In order that only moderate changes in gas-air ratio will take place as a result of Ifluctuations in the gas supply line as, for example, such pressure increases as may arise due to pressure regulator fluctuations, during turn-down operations, an annular space 204v between the peripheries of the

proportioning plates

60 and 62 and the wall 24 of the main body casting 20 allows a quantity of air to be bypassed around these plates at all times. This bypassed air is sufficient in volume to compensate for any excess gas which may be forced from the gas chamber 52 when an increase of gas pressure in the chamber takes place for any reason whatsoever.

It will be understood that the relative size of the

openings

64 and 66 in the rear fixed proportioning plate 60 may be varied according to engineering expediences to satisfy the requirements of different desired gas-air ratios. For example, if it is desired to maintain a nearly constant air-gas ratio of ten to one which is ideal when natural fuel gas is employed, the area of the openings 64 will be approximately ten times the area of the openings 66 and the air-gas proportion will be maintained fairly constant regardless of the extent of the shutter opening involved at any given setting of the movable front proportioning plate 62.

As previously stated, the arcuate extent of the openings 68 is greater than the arcuate extent of the

openings

64 and 66. Thus, even when almost complete turn-down conditions obtain so that a minimum amount of gas and air issues from the registering

openings

64 and 64a and 66 and 66a, sutcient air will issue from the registering

openings

68 and 68a to maintain the desired thin curtain of air through the gap 200, such curtain of air being penetrated by the gas issuing from the registering

openings

66 and 66a. This curtain of air is instrumental in maintaining a low noise level at all conditions of burner operation.

`It is to be further noted that excess air is available from three locations to preclude the common limitation that is attendant upon conventional proportioning burners when low air pressure is supplied to the burner under high re conditions, namely, poor mixing of the combustible constitutents and consequent soot formation. The three locations are through the annulus 202 and the annular space 204 and through the registering

excess air openings

68 and 68a which are at no times completely or even nearly closed off.

The invention is not to bie limited to the exact arrangement of parts shown in the accompanying drawings or described in this specification as various changes in the details of construction may be resorted to without Ldepart- 9 ing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, only insofar as the invention has been particularly pointed out in the accompanying claims is the same to be limited.

Having thus described the invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a gas burner assembly, in combination, a main burner casting in the form of a generally cylindrical cupshaped body having a rear wall, a cylindrical side wall delining a forward open circular rim designed for attachment to the mating circular rim of a tube to be internally fired, and means forming an internal radially extending throat in said casting and terminating in a centrally disposed cylindrical wall forming a main gas chamber, said last named cylindrical wall being spaced from said side wall and defining a forward open circular rim coaxial with and spaced rearwardly from the circular rim of the side wall of the main burner casting, the annular space within said cup-shaped body between said cylindrical walls defining a main annular air chamber surrounding the main gas chamber, a transversely extending fixed rear circular proportioning plate fixedly secured to said main burner casting and extending across the open ends of the main gas and air chambers, a cooperating movable front circular proportioning plate coaxially disposed in face-toface sliding contact with said fixed proportioning plate and capable of angular turning movement about the common axis of said plates, the forward side of said front proportioning plate being provided with a forwardly extending cylindrical wall defining a circular forward rim, said latter wall in combination with the central region of said front proportioning plate defining a secondary gas chamber forwardly of and coaxial with said main gas chamber, a cup-shaped nozzle member having a front wall disposed adjacent to said latter circular forward rim and a cylindrical side wall defining a rear open rim in seating contact with the forward side of the front proportioning plate and spaced from and surrounding the cylindrical wall which in part defines the secondary gas chamber, said cylindrical wall of the nozzle member and said cylindrical wall which in part defines the secondary gas chamber defining in combination with an annular region of the front proportional lplate an annular secondary air chamber forwardly of the main air chamber and surrounding the secondary gas chamber, said proportioning plates being provide-d with cooperating shutter openings establishing communication between said main and secondary air chambers and with cooperating shutter openings establishing communication between the main and secondary gas chambers, said front wall being provided with openings in communication with the secondary air and gas chambers, respectively, means for moving said movable proportioning plate to vary the effective size of the cooperating shutter openings, means for supplying air under pressure to the interior of said main air chamber, and means for supplying gas under pressure to the interior of said main gas chamber.

2. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 1, wherein the opening which is in the front wall of the nozzle member and is in communication with the secondary gas chamber is circular, centrally disposed, and of a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the cylindrical side wall of the nozzle member, and wherein the openings in the front wall and which are in communication with the secondary air chamber are circular, of appreciably less diameter than the radial distance between the side wall of the nozzle member and the cylindrical wall on the front proportioning plate, and are arranged in a circular row around the peripheral region of the front wall.

3. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 2 and wherein the front wall of the nozzle member is slightly spaced from the circular forward rim of the forwardly extending cylindrical wall so `as to establish, in combination therewith, a narrow gap through which air may fiow radially inwardly across the relatively large opening in said front wall.

4. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 2 wherein the front wall of the nozzle member is slightly spaced from the circular forward rim of the forwardly extending cylindrical wall 4so as to establish, in combination therewith, a narrow gap through which air may flow radially inwardly across the relatively large opening in said front wall and including, additionally, a series of fastening screws projecting through said front wall and threadedly received in said forward rim of the forwardly extending cylindrical wall, said fastening screws serving to draw the nozzle member rearwardly and maintain the rear open rim of the side wall of the nozzle member in seating engagement with the forward side of the front proportioning plate.

5. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 4 and including, additionally, a series of spacer washers interposed between said front wall and the adjacent circular rim and surrounding said fastening screws.

6. In a gas burner assembly, in combination, a main burner casting in the form of a generally cylindrical cupshaped body having a rear wall, a cylindrical side wall defining a forward open cylindrical rim designed for attachment to the mating circular rim of a tube to be internally fired, and means forming an internal radially extending throat in said casting and terminating in a centrally disposed cylindrical wall forming a main gas chamber, said last named cylindrical wall being spaced from said Side wall and defining a forward open circular rim coaxial with and spaced rearwardly from the circular rim of the side wall of the main burner casting, the annular space within said cup-shaped body between said cylindrical walls defining a main annular air chamber surrounding the main gas chamber, a transversely extending fixed circular proportioning plate fixedly secured to said main burner casting and extending across the open ends of the main gas and air chambers, a cooperating movable circular proportioning plate coaxially disposed `in face-to-face sliding Contact with said fixed proportioning plate nad capable of angular turning movement about the common axis of said plates, the forward side of said front proportioning plate being provided with a forwardly extending cylindrical wall defining a circular forward rim and also in combination with the central region of said latter plate ldefining a secondary gas chamber forwardly of and coaxial with said main gas chamber, a cup-shaped nozzle member Ihaving a front wall disposed adjacent to said latter circular forward rim and a cylindrical side wall defining a rear open rim in seating contact with the forward side of the front proportioning plate and spaced from and surrounding the cylindrical wall which in part defines the secondary gas chamber, said cylindrical side wall ofthe nozzle member and said cylindrical wall which in part defines the secondary gas chamber defining in combination with an annular region of the front proportioning plate an annular inner secondary air chamber forwardly of the main air chamber and surrounding the secondary gas chamber, said front wall being provided with a relatively large central opening in communication with the secondary gas chamber and with a series of relatively small openings in the peripheral regions thereof, arranged in a circular row and in communication with the inner secondary tubular air chamber, a cylindrical combustion shell coaxial with and having its rear open end region surrounding the cylindrical side wall of the nozzle member, said combustion shell projecting forwardly of the nozzle member and, in combination with the front wall of the latter, defining a forwardly opening internal combustion chamber adapted to be projected coaxially into the tube to be internally fired, said combustion shell being of less diameter than the diameter of said proportioning plates and, in combination with the cylindrical side wall of the cup-shaped body which comprises the main burner casting, `defining `an outer secondary air chamber forwardly of the -rnain air chamber, said combustion shell being provided with a plurality of radial open- 1 1 ings therein forwardly of said front wall of the nozzle member for conducting air from said outer secondary air chamber to the combustion chamber within said combustion shell, said proportioning plates being provided with a first series of cooperating air shutter openings establishing communication between said main and inner secondary air chambers, with a second series of cooperating gas shutter openings establishing communication between the main and secondary gas chambers, and with a third series of cooperating air shutter openings establishing communication between the main and outer secondary air chambers, means for moving saidmovable proportioning plate to vary the effective size of the cooperating shutter openings, means for supplying air under pressure to the interior of said main air chamber, and means for supplying gas under' pressure to the interior of said main gas chamber.

7. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 6 and wherein the front wall of the nozzle member is slightly spaced from the circular forward rim of the forwardly extending cylindrical wall so as to establish, in combination therewith, a narrow gap through which air may flow radially inwardly across the relatively large opening in said front wall.

8. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 6 and wherein the rear open end region of said combustion shell is slightly spaced from the cylindrical side wall which it surrounds and establishes, in combination therewith, a narrow annulus through which air may pass from the outer secondary air chamber to the combustion chamber.

9. In a gas burner assembly, the combination set forth in'claim 6 and wherein the individual openings of said first and third series of cooperating shutter openings are in the form of arcuate slots concentric with the respective circular proportioning plates in which they are formed, the -radial height and the arcuate extent of said slots being such that upon angular'movement of the front movable proportioning plate a substantially constant ilow ratio of air and gas through the respective shutter openings obtains.

10. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 9 and wherein the individual openings of said second series of cooperating air shutter openings are in the form of arcuate slot-s concentric with thev respective circular proportioning plates in which they are formed, the arcuate extent of said latter shutter openings being such that they remain in partial register in any angular position of the front proportioning plate.

11. In a gas burner assembly, in combination, a main burner casting in the form of a generally cylindrical cupshaped body having a rear wall, a cylindrical side wall defining a forward open circular rim designed for attachment to the mating circular rim of a tube to be internally fired, and means defining an internal radially extending throat in said casting and terminating in a central disposed cylindrical wall forming a main gas chamber, said last named cylindrical wall being spaced from said side wall and defining a forward open circular rim coaxial with and spaced rearwardly from the circular rim of the side wall of the main burner casting, the annular space within said cup-shaped body between said cylindrical walls defining a main annular air chamber surrounding the main gas chamber, a transversely extending fixed circular proportioning plate fixedly secured to said main burner casting and extending across the open ends of the main gas and air chambers, a cooper-ating movable circular propor tioning plate coaxially disposed in face-to-face sliding contact with saidfixed proportioning plate and capable of angular turning movement about the common axis of saidy plates, the forward side of said front proportioning plate being provided with a forwardly extending cylindrical wall. defining a circular forward rirn and also in combination with the central region of said latter plate defining asecondary gas chamber forwardly of and coaxial with said main. gas chamber, a cup-shaped nozzle member having a front wall disposed'adjacentto said latter circular forward rim and a cylindrical side wall dening a rear open rim in seating contact with the forward side of the front proportioning plate and spaced from and surrounding the cylindrical wall which in part defines the secondary gas chamber, said cylindrical side wall of the nozzle member and said cylindrical wall which in part defines the secondary gas chamber, defining in -combination with an annular region of the front proportioning plate, an annular inner secondary air chamber forwardly of the main air chamber and surrounding the secondary gas chamber, said front wall being provided with a relatively large central opening in communication with the secondary gas chamber and with a series of relatively small openings in the peripheral regions thereof, arranged in a circular row and in communication with the inner secondary air chamber, a fixed tubular cylindrical combustion shell coaxial with and having its rear open end region surrounding the cylindrical side wall of the nozzle member, said combustion shell projecting forwardly of the nozzle member and in combination with the front wall of the latter defining a forwardly opening internal combustion chamber adapted to be projected coaxially into the tube to be internally tired, said combustion shell having its rear open rim region projecting rearwardly into the cylindrical side wall of the cup-shaped body and, in combination therewith, defining an annular outer secondary air chamber forwardly of the main air chamber and surrounding the inner secondary air chamber, a forwardly extending frusto-conical flange formed on the rear rim of said combustion shell and projecting across said outer secondary air chamber within the axial confines of the cylindrical `side wall of the cup-shaped body, said frusto-conical flange having openings therein for restricting the flow of air forwardly through the outer secondary air chamber, said combustion shell being provided with a plurality of radial openings therein forwardly of said front wall of the nozzle member for conducting air from said outer secondary air chamber to the combustion chamber within said combustion shell, said proportioning plates being provided with a first series of cooperating air shutter openings establishing communication between said main and inner secondary ai-r chambers, with a second'series of cooperating gas shutter openings establishing communication between the main and secondary gas chambers, and with a third series of air shutter openings establishing communication between the main and outer secondary air chambers, means for moving said movable '.proportioning plate to Vary the effective size of the cooperating shutter openings, means for supplying air under pressure to the interior of said main air chamber, and means for supplying gas under pressure to the interior of said main gas chamber.

12. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 11 and wherein the front wall of the nozzle member is slightly spaced from the circular forward rim of the forwardly extending cylindrical wall so as to establish, in combination therewith, a narrow gap through which air may flow radially inwardly across the relatively large opening in said front wall.

13. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 11 and wherein the rear open end region of said combustion shell is slightly spaced from the cylindrical side wall which it surrounds and establishes, in combination therewith, a narrow annulus through which air may pass from the outer secondary air chamber to the combustion chamber.

14. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 11, wherein the front wall of the nozzle member is slightly spaced from the circular forward rim of the forwardly extending cylindrical wall so as to establish, in combination therewith, a narrow gap through which air may flow radially inwardly across the relatively large opening in said front wall, and wherein the rear open end region of said combustion shell is slightly spaced from the cylindrical side wall which it surrounds and establishes, in

13 combination therewith, a narrow annulus through which air may pass from the outer secondary air chamber to the combustion chamber.

15. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 14 and wherein the individual openings -of said first and third series of cooperating shutter openings are of such size and shape that upon angular movements of the front proportioning plate a substantially constant flow ratio of air and gas through the respective shutter openings obtains.

16. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim l and wherein the individual openings of said second series of cooperating air shutter openings are so disposed with respect to each other and with respect to the individual openings of the rst and third series of shutter openings that they remain in partial register in any angular position of the front proportioning plate.

17. In a gas burner assembly, in combination, a main burner casting in the form of a generally cylindrical cupshaped body having a rear wall, a cylindrical side wall defining a forward open circular rim designed for attachment to the mating circular rim of a tube to be internally fired, and means forming an internal radially extending throat in said casting and terminating in a centrally disposed cylindrical wall defining a main gas chamber, said last named cylindrical wall being spaced from said side wall and defining a forward open circular rim coaxial with and spaced rearwardly from the circular rim of the side wall of the main burner casting, the annular space within said cup-shaped body between said cylindrical walls defining a main annular air chamber surrounding the main gas chamber, a transversely extending fixed circular pr-oportioning plate fixedly secured to said main burner casting and extending across the open ends of the main gas and air chambers, a cooperating movable circular proportioning plate coaxially disposed in face-to-face sliding contact with said fixed proportioning plate and capable of limited angular turning movement about the common axis of said plates, the forward side of said front proportioning plate being provided with a forwardly extending cylindrical wall defining a circular forward rim and also in combination with the central region of said latter plate defining a secondary gas chamber forwardly of and coaxial with said main gas chamber, a cup-shaped nozzle member having a front wall disposed adjacent to said latter circular forward rim and a cylindrical side wall defining a rear open rim in seating contact with the forward side of the front proportioning plate and spaced from and surrounding the cylindrical Wall which in part defines the secondary gas chamber, said cylindrical side wall of the nozzle member and said cylindrical wall which in part defines the secondary gas chamber in combination with an annular region of the front proportioning plate defining an annular inner secondary air chamber forwardly of the main air chamber and surrounding the secondary gas chamber, said front wall being provided with a relatively large central opening in communication with the secondary gas chamber and with a series of relatively small openings in the peripheral regions thereof, arranged in a circular row and in communication with the inner secondary air chamber, a xed tubular cylindrical combustion shell coaxial with and having its rear open end region surrounding the cylindrical side wall of the nozzle member, said combustion shell projecting forwardly of the nozzle member and, in combinaton with the front wall of the latter, defining a forwardly opening internal combustion chamber adapted to be projected coaxially into the tube to be internally fired, said combustion -shell having its rear open rim region projecting rearwardly into the cylindrical side wall of the cup-shaped body and, in cornbination therewith, defining an annular outer secondary air chamber forwardly of the main air chamber and surrounding the inner secondary air chamber, said combustion shell being provided with a plurality of radial openings therein forwardly of said front wall of the nozzle member for conducting air from said outer secondary air chamber to the combustion chamber within -said combustion shell, means on the outer rim of said combustion shell and operative when said combustion chamber is projected into the tube to be fired to retard the flow of air forwardly through said outer secondary air chamber, said proportioning plates being provided with a first series of cooperating air shutter openings establishing communication between said main and inner secondary air chambers, with a second series of cooperating gas shutter openings establishing communication between the main and secondary gas chambers, and with a third series of air shutter openings establishing communication between the main and outer secondary air chambers, means for moving said movable proportioning plate to vary the effective size of the cooperating shutter openings, means for supplying air under pressure to the interior of said main air chamber, and means for supplying gas under pressure to the interior of said main gas chamber.

18. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 17 and wherein said means for retarding the flow of air forwardly through the outer secondary air chamber comprises a retention ring presenting a series of radially disposed circumferentially spaced baffles which are adapted to extend between the combustion shell and wall of the tube undergoing firing when the combustion chamber is projected into said tube.

19. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 18 and including, additionally, a forwardly extending frusto-conical flange formed on the rear rim of the combustion shell and projecting across said outer secondary air chamber within the axial confines of the cylindrical side wall of the cup-shaped body, said frusto-conical flange being formed with a circular row of spaced openings therethrough for restricting the flow of air forwardly through said latter air chamber.

20. In a gas burner assembly, in combination, a main burner casting having inner and outer concentric walls defining .a generally cylindrical inner main gas chamber and an outer annular main air chamber coaxial with the inner gas chamber, the forward ends of said chambers being open, a flat circular rear proportioning plate fixedly secured to said casting and extending across the open ends of said chambers, a cooperating fiat circular front propor-l tioning plate coaxial with said rear proportioning plate and disposed in face-to-face sliding contact therewith for limited angular rotational movements about the common axis of the plates, a tubular wall projecting forwardly from the front face of said front proportioning plate in concentric relation with respect to said common axis and defining a forwardly opening secondary gas chamber forwardly of the main gas chamber, a cup-shaped nozzle member having a cylindrical side wall surrounding said tubular wall, concentric with said common axis and in combination with said tubular wall defining an annular inner secondary air chamber forwardly of the main annular air chamber, and an annular radial end wall eX- tending across the forward end of said annular inner secondary air chamber, said end wall being provided with a series of spaced air openings therein, a cylindrical combustion shell coaxial with said common axis, projecting forwardly of the nozzle member and in combination with the latter defining a combustion chamber forwardly of the secondary gas and air chambers, said combustion chamber being in communication with said secondary gas chamber through the forward open end of the latter and in communication with the secondary air chamber through said spaced air openings, said combustion shell being adapted to be projected into one end of a tube to be internally fired and to define, in combination with the wall of said tube, an outer secondary air chamber, said proportioning plates being provided with a first series of cooperating shutter openings therein establishing communication between the main and secondary gas chambers, a second series of cooperating shutter openings therein establishing communication between the main and inner secondary air chambers, and with a third series of cooperating shutter openings therein establishing communication between the main and outer secondary air chambers when the combustion sleeve is disposed within the tube undergoing ring, means for moving said front proportioning plate, means for supply air under pressure to the main air chamber, and means for supplying gas under pressure to the main gas chamber.

21. A gas burner -assembly as set forth in claim 20 and wherein the outer rims of said proportioning plates are slightly spaced from the outer wall of the main burner casting so as to define an annular by-pass space for flow of air from the main air chamber into the outer secondary air chamber.

22. A gas burner assembly as set forth in claim 20 and wherein the' annular radial end wall of the nozzle mem- 16 ber is slightly spaced forwardly from the forward end of said tubular wall so as to dene a narrow circular gap for inward ow of a thin curtain of air from the inner secondary air chamber across the open endof said secondary air chamber.

References Cited by the/Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,994,547 3/1935 Urquhart 15S-1.5

FOREIGN PATENTS 752,333 7/1956 Great Britain.

FREDERICK MATTEsoN, 1R., Primary Examiner.

CHARLESv SUKALO, Ercan/Liner.

Claims

1. IN A GAS BURNER ASSEMBLY, IN COMBINATION, A MAIN BURNER CASTING IN THE FORM OF A GENERALLY CYLINDRICAL CUPSHAPED BODY HAVING A REAR WALL, A CYLINDRICAL SIDE WALL DEFINING A FORWARD OPEN CIRCULAR RIM DESIGNED FOR ATTACHMENT TO THE MATING CIRCULAR RIM OF A TUBE TO BE INTERNALLY FIRED, AND MEANS CASTING AND TERMINATING IN A CENTRALLY DISTHROAD IN SAID CASTING AND TERMINATING IN A CENTRALLY DISPOSED CYLINDRICAL WALL FORMING A MAIN GAS CHAMBER, SAID LAST NAMED CYLINDRICAL WALL BEING SPACED FROM SAID SIDE WALL AND DEFINING A FORWARD OPEN CIRCULAR RIM COAXIAL WITH AND SPACED REARWARDLY FROM THE CIRCULAR RIM OF THE SIDE WALL OF THE MAIN BURNER CASTING, THE ANNULAR SPACE WITHIN SAID CUP-SHAPED BODY BETWEEN SAID CYLINDRICAL WALLS DEFINING A MAIN ANNULAR AIR CHAMBER SURROUNDING THE MAIN GAS CHAMBER, A TRANSVERSELY EXTENDING FIXED REAR CIRCULAR PROPORTIONING PLATE FIXEDLY SECURED TO SAID MAIN BURNER CASTING AND EXTENDING ACROSS THE OPEN ENDS OF THE MAIN GAS AND AIR CHAMBERS, A COOPERATING MOVABLE FRONT CIRCULAR PROPORTIONING PLATE COAXIALLY DISPOSED IN FACE-TOFACE SLIDING CONTACT WITH SAID FIXED PROPORTIONING PLATE AND CAPABLE OF ANGULAR TURNING MOVEMENT ABOUT THE COMMON AXIS OF SAID PLATES, THE FORWARD SIDE OF SAID FRONT PROPORTIONING PLATE BEING PROVIDED WITH A FORWARDLY EXTENDING CYLINDRICAL WALL DEFINING A CIRCULAR FORWARD RIM, SAID LATTER WALL IN COMBINATION WITH THE CENTRAL REGION OF SAID FRONT PROPORTIONING PLATE DEFINING A SECONDARY GAS CHAMBER FORWARDLY OF AND COAXIAL WITH SAID MAIN GAS CHAMBER, A CUP-SHAPED NOZZLE MEMBER HAVING A FRONT WALL DISPOSED ADJACENT TO SAID LATTER CIRCULAR FORWARD RIM AND A CYLINDRICAL SIDE WALL DEFINING A REAR OPRN RIM IN SEATING CONTACT WITH THE FORWARD SIDE OF THE FRONT PROPORTIONING PLATE AND SPACED FROM AND SURROUNDING THE CYLINDRICAL WALL WHICH IN PART DEFINES THE SECONDARY GAS CHAMBER, SAID CYLINDRICAL WALL OF THE NOZZLE MEMBER AND SAID CY-