US3158344A - Ejectrion seat face curtain restraint system - Google Patents

Ejectrion seat face curtain restraint system Download PDF

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US3158344A
US3158344A US312807A US31280763A US3158344A US 3158344 A US3158344 A US 3158344A US 312807 A US312807 A US 312807A US 31280763 A US31280763 A US 31280763A US 3158344 A US3158344 A US 3158344A
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seat
face curtain
parachute
curtain
drogue
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US312807A
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Chris T Koochembere
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D25/00—Emergency apparatus or devices, not otherwise provided for
    • B64D25/02—Supports or holding means for living bodies

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  • This invention relates to aircraft ejection seats and particularly to the face curtain for protecting the occupants head.
  • a small parachute called a drogue
  • a drogue opens to stabilize the seat in its ejection flight.
  • the drogue is then detached from the seat and pulls out the personnel parachute. In so doing the seat occupant is separated from the seat and lowered to the surface.
  • the ejection operation is initiated by firing a seat ejection gun mounted at the back of the seat.
  • the firing takes place normally, by the occupant drawing a curtain down over his face for protection against the force of the airstream, since there is a connection between the curtain and the ejection gun firing mechanism.
  • the drogue parachute is released with the firing of a drogue gun a short time after the seat is ejected.
  • the drogue gun, the drogue parachute and the face curtain are all mounted near the upper portion of the seat.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an ejection seat employing the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a similar view showing the other side of the seat and with the face curtain withdrawn;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an upper portion of the seat showing the face curtain withdrawn and blown free;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the seat showing the face curtain disconnected.
  • 10 indicates an ejection seat intended for mountingin an aircraft, not shown.
  • the seat has a horizontal, occupant supporting bottom 12, from which a back 14 inclines upwardly and slightly rearwardly, and has sides 16 and 17.
  • a pair of parallel, vertical extending guides or slippers, 18, are secured to the rearward side of the seat back 14 which are slidably 3,158,344 Patented Nov. 24, 1964 receivable in channels, not shown, fastened to the aircraft for directing the upward movement of the seat.
  • the seat It is expelled from the aircraft by firing an ejection gun, 20, located behind the seat. It has a piston 22 secured to the seat and a cylinder 24 secured to a fixed part of the aircraft.
  • An explosive charge in the ejection gun is detonated by withdrawing a pin 26 from a firing mechanism 28 by a pull on a cord or lanyard 30. The pressure of the resulting expanding gas from the detonation of the explosive charge propells the ejection guns cylinder, with the seat, upwardly and out of the aircraft.
  • the personnel parachute, 32 is located on the forward side of the seats back 14. Above that there is a head rest 34, which is under a forwardly opening container 36 that houses the face curtain 38. Behind the face curtain container there is an open top compartment 40 in which the drogue parachute 42 (FIG. 4) is stored. This is a small parachute which is releasably attached at an upper portion of its lift line 43, which has a link 44, to a shackle 46 secured to the back of the seat.
  • the drogue parachute 42 opens shortly after the seat is ejected and orients and stabilizes it.
  • the end, 47, below the link 44, of drogue parachute lift line 43 is secured to the canopy of the personnel parachute 32 for deploying the latter after the lift line 43 has been released from the shackle 46.
  • the drogue parachute 42 is deployed with ejection from a drogue gun 48 of a piston Stl that is connected to its canopy by a line 52.
  • the drogue gun 48 is mounted on the left side, 17, of the seat near the top and is fired shortly after the seat has been ejected from the aircraft.
  • a line 54 secured to a fixed part of the aircraft withdraws a sear 56 from the drogue gun firing mechanism (not shown) with rise of the seat to discharge the drogue gun.
  • Upon firing the drogue gun its piston 'is sent flying upward pulling the drogue, parachute 42,
  • the shackle 46 which attaches the drogue parachute 42 to the seat, is opened automatically a short time after the seat is stabilized with the drogue parachutes deployment by a timing mechanism 58 which is actuated with the withdrawal of a scar, not shown.
  • a line 59 secured to a fixed part of the aircraft and to the sear withdraws the latter with rise of the seat. The manner in which this is accomplished is not deemed necessary for understanding of this invention and will not be described.
  • the face curtain 38 which is generally a rectangular piece of fabric, in its non-operative position, is folded in the face curtain compartment 36 with its forward end at the opening to the container 36, which is above the seat of occupants head, not shown. Secured to the forward end of the facecurtain there is a rigid bar 60 carrying two bales or handles 61 and 61 by which the face curtain may be withdrawn from its container.
  • the ejection gun firing lanyard 30 is connected to the top of the face curtain in a suitable manner as shown at 62 in FIG.
  • a non-exten sible, flexible member or strap 64 Secured, as by stitches, 63 FIG. 4, to each of the rear ward corners of the face curtain 38 there is a non-exten sible, flexible member or strap 64. These extend substantially horizontally and rearwardly through guides 66 secured to the sides of the face curtain container 36 for holding a withdrawn curtain, FIG. 2, to the seat.
  • the free end of the strap or rearward restraint 64 carries an apertured fitting, d8, FIG. 1, which is releasably secured by a pin 69 to an anchor or apertured lug 70 mounted on the sides of the face curtain container 33 and/or the drogue parachute compartment 40 at the rearward end of the guide 66.
  • a face curtain on an ejected seat that free, that is, one that is not held at the handle by a seat occupant will be carried rearward by the wind blast. Because of its length, the face curtain will cover the top of the seat including the mechanism as the drogue gun 48 and the drogue parachute compartment 40. Should this occur before the drogue gun has fired, the drogue piston 5t? will be propelled through the face curtain.
  • the downward restraint 74 passes downward into the forward end of a guide tube so, about which it is trained and then rearwardly and upwardly to the lug iii.
  • Guide tube 8% is designed to follow the side contour of the ejection seat. It extends from the lug 7t) downwardly and toward the front of the seat. its rearward end opens at a right angle to and over the lug 7%. It extends outwardly, since the portion of the seat to which the lug 7th is attached is narrower than the portion housing the personnel parachute 32, and then forwardly and downwardly at about a 45 angle. Its forward end 82 is under the opening to the face curtain container 36 and its edges are rolled so that the restraint 74 may be flexed about them without damage.
  • the length of the downward restraint 74 is sufiicient to reach from lug iii to the face curtain container 36 opening while passing through the guide tube 8t) without any substantial slack, FIG. 1. So disposed, the downward restraint 74 causes no interference with the seat occupant whether the face curtain 38 is stored in its container 36 or withdrawn.
  • a parachute disposed on said seat having a lift line, a face curtain disposed in an upper portion of said seat adapted to be drawn downwardly over a seat occupants head,
  • said means training said elongated flexible members is a guide tube secured to a side of said seat.
  • pin means securing the other ends of said strap and downward restraint to said anchor
  • an aircraft ejection seat having sides and provided with :a drogue parachute disposed on the top thereof with its lift line releasably secured to said seat and its end connected for deploying a personnel parachute upon release of the lift line from said seat;

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Description

1964 c. T. KOOCHEMBERE 3,
EJECTIQN SEAT FACE; CURTAIN RESTRAINT SYSTEM Filed Sept. 30, 1965 3 Sheets-Sheet l I'NVENTOR. CHRIS T. KOOCHEMBE RE Nov. 24, 1964 c. T. KOOCHEMBERE 44.
EIJECTION SEAT FACE CURTAIN RESTRAINT SYSTEM Filed Sept. 30, 1963 3 Sheets-$119M 2 I N VE NTOR.
cums T. xoocmzmxr-mra wkw/ 1964 c. T. KOOCHEMBERE Y 3,158,344 EJECTION SEAT FACE CURTAIN RESTRAINT SYSTEM Filed Sept. 550, 1963 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR cums T. KOOCHEMBERE United States Patent 3,158,344 EJECTION sear FACE cURTArN nnsrnAINT SYSTEM Chris T. Koochembere, Glendora, N.J., assignor to the The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of Amercia for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.
This invention relates to aircraft ejection seats and particularly to the face curtain for protecting the occupants head.
As an emergency escape, aircraft are equipped with seats which are catapulted clear of the aircraft. As the seat moves upward and away from the aircraft, a small parachute, called a drogue, opens to stabilize the seat in its ejection flight. The drogue is then detached from the seat and pulls out the personnel parachute. In so doing the seat occupant is separated from the seat and lowered to the surface.
The ejection operation is initiated by firing a seat ejection gun mounted at the back of the seat. The firing takes place normally, by the occupant drawing a curtain down over his face for protection against the force of the airstream, since there is a connection between the curtain and the ejection gun firing mechanism. The drogue parachute is released with the firing of a drogue gun a short time after the seat is ejected. The drogue gun, the drogue parachute and the face curtain are all mounted near the upper portion of the seat.
Because of the violent force of ejection, there is a downward pull on the arms of the occupant as he holds the face curtain over his head. At times it has been impossible for the seat occupant to maintain his grip on the face curtain. Consequently, it was pulled out of his hands and blown rearwardly over the back of the seat. Instances where this occurred before the drogue gun fired, because of the face curtain length, it had fallen over the drogue parachute and drogue gun. After the drogue gun fired, it penetrated the face curtain. Entanglement of parachute lines and interference or a stopping of further steps in the ejection operation resulted.
With this in mind it is an object of this invention to provide improvement in ejection seat face curtains which will limit its rearward movement so as not to interfere in the sequence of operations and which allows it detachment from the seat to permit an occupant to readily leave the seat.
Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following description of the typical embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawing, where- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an ejection seat employing the invention;
FIG. 2 is a similar view showing the other side of the seat and with the face curtain withdrawn;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an upper portion of the seat showing the face curtain withdrawn and blown free;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the seat showing the face curtain disconnected.
Referring tothe drawing, 10 indicates an ejection seat intended for mountingin an aircraft, not shown. The seat has a horizontal, occupant supporting bottom 12, from which a back 14 inclines upwardly and slightly rearwardly, and has sides 16 and 17. A pair of parallel, vertical extending guides or slippers, 18, are secured to the rearward side of the seat back 14 which are slidably 3,158,344 Patented Nov. 24, 1964 receivable in channels, not shown, fastened to the aircraft for directing the upward movement of the seat.
The seat It) is expelled from the aircraft by firing an ejection gun, 20, located behind the seat. It has a piston 22 secured to the seat and a cylinder 24 secured to a fixed part of the aircraft. An explosive charge in the ejection gun is detonated by withdrawing a pin 26 from a firing mechanism 28 by a pull on a cord or lanyard 30. The pressure of the resulting expanding gas from the detonation of the explosive charge propells the ejection guns cylinder, with the seat, upwardly and out of the aircraft.
The personnel parachute, 32, is located on the forward side of the seats back 14. Above that there is a head rest 34, which is under a forwardly opening container 36 that houses the face curtain 38. Behind the face curtain container there is an open top compartment 40 in which the drogue parachute 42 (FIG. 4) is stored. This is a small parachute which is releasably attached at an upper portion of its lift line 43, which has a link 44, to a shackle 46 secured to the back of the seat. The drogue parachute 42. opens shortly after the seat is ejected and orients and stabilizes it. The end, 47, below the link 44, of drogue parachute lift line 43 is secured to the canopy of the personnel parachute 32 for deploying the latter after the lift line 43 has been released from the shackle 46.
The drogue parachute 42 is deployed with ejection from a drogue gun 48 of a piston Stl that is connected to its canopy by a line 52. The drogue gun 48 is mounted on the left side, 17, of the seat near the top and is fired shortly after the seat has been ejected from the aircraft. Usually, a line 54 secured to a fixed part of the aircraft withdraws a sear 56 from the drogue gun firing mechanism (not shown) with rise of the seat to discharge the drogue gun. Upon firing the drogue gun, its piston 'is sent flying upward pulling the drogue, parachute 42,
out of its compartment, with it.
The shackle 46, which attaches the drogue parachute 42 to the seat, is opened automatically a short time after the seat is stabilized with the drogue parachutes deployment by a timing mechanism 58 which is actuated with the withdrawal of a scar, not shown. A line 59 secured to a fixed part of the aircraft and to the sear withdraws the latter with rise of the seat. The manner in which this is accomplished is not deemed necessary for understanding of this invention and will not be described.
The face curtain 38, which is generally a rectangular piece of fabric, in its non-operative position, is folded in the face curtain compartment 36 with its forward end at the opening to the container 36, which is above the seat of occupants head, not shown. Secured to the forward end of the facecurtain there is a rigid bar 60 carrying two bales or handles 61 and 61 by which the face curtain may be withdrawn from its container. The ejection gun firing lanyard 30 is connected to the top of the face curtain in a suitable manner as shown at 62 in FIG.
2. Its length is such that withdrawal of the face curtain 38 tensions thelanyard sufiiciently to remove the ejection guns firing pin 26 as shown in FIG. 1, and fires the gun.
Secured, as by stitches, 63 FIG. 4, to each of the rear ward corners of the face curtain 38 there is a non-exten sible, flexible member or strap 64. These extend substantially horizontally and rearwardly through guides 66 secured to the sides of the face curtain container 36 for holding a withdrawn curtain, FIG. 2, to the seat. The free end of the strap or rearward restraint 64 carries an apertured fitting, d8, FIG. 1, which is releasably secured by a pin 69 to an anchor or apertured lug 70 mounted on the sides of the face curtain container 33 and/or the drogue parachute compartment 40 at the rearward end of the guide 66. For removal of the face curtain pins 69, there is a flexible line or cord 72cm connects them with the drogue parachute lift line 43 at a point intermediate of its connection with the shackle 4e and the top of the personnel parachute 32. When the drogue parachute lift line 43 is separated from the shackle 46, it pulls out the personnel parachute 32 and in so doing the pins 69 are withdrawn whereby the face curtain is disconnected from the lugs iii.
A face curtain on an ejected seat that free, that is, one that is not held at the handle by a seat occupant will be carried rearward by the wind blast. Because of its length, the face curtain will cover the top of the seat including the mechanism as the drogue gun 48 and the drogue parachute compartment 40. Should this occur before the drogue gun has fired, the drogue piston 5t? will be propelled through the face curtain. The lines attached to the drogue parachute, as its lift line 43, become entangled and opening of the personnel parachute may not take place.
This is avoided by the provision of a downward restraint 74 attached to the forward end of the face curtain 38 to limit its upward and rearward movement. The downward restraint 74 is a piece of non-extensible fabric, such as Dacron webbing, which has an apertured fitting '76, secured to each end. It is disposed on the side opposite the drogue gun i=8 with its forward fitting, 76, secured by a nut '78 to the right end of the face curtain handle rod 61 on the forward end of the face curtain. The downward restraint 74 passes downward into the forward end of a guide tube so, about which it is trained and then rearwardly and upwardly to the lug iii. The fitting on the rearward end of the restraint M is releasab-ly secured by the pin 69 to lug 7%, together with the curtains rearward restraint as which is on the same side of the seat. Removal of the face curtain pins as, as previously explained, will release not only both rearward restraints 54 but also the downward restrain 74, so as to completely free the face curtain, as in FIG. 4.
Guide tube 8% is designed to follow the side contour of the ejection seat. It extends from the lug 7t) downwardly and toward the front of the seat. its rearward end opens at a right angle to and over the lug 7%. It extends outwardly, since the portion of the seat to which the lug 7th is attached is narrower than the portion housing the personnel parachute 32, and then forwardly and downwardly at about a 45 angle. Its forward end 82 is under the opening to the face curtain container 36 and its edges are rolled so that the restraint 74 may be flexed about them without damage. The length of the downward restraint 74 is sufiicient to reach from lug iii to the face curtain container 36 opening while passing through the guide tube 8t) without any substantial slack, FIG. 1. So disposed, the downward restraint 74 causes no interference with the seat occupant whether the face curtain 38 is stored in its container 36 or withdrawn.
When the face curtain 38 is free, that is, withdrawn but not held at the handle 61 and still attached by the pins 69, the airstream will inflate it and carry it back, as in PEG. 3.
v The unrestrained forward corner of the face curtain 38 will turnover, FIG. 3, but the face curtain will not reach back far enough to cover any of the mechanism, as the drogue gun 48 or the drogue parachute 42.
Although only one downward restraint 74 is shown, a similar one may be provided for the other forward corner of the face curtain 38. However, from tests little additional advantage was found by such modification.
Even though only one embodiment of the invention has been shown and described, many modifications within the scope of the appended claims are contemplated.
What is claimed is:
1. In an aircraft ejection seat having sides, a parachute disposed on said seat having a lift line, a face curtain disposed in an upper portion of said seat adapted to be drawn downwardly over a seat occupants head,
u (a) anchoring means secured to said upper portioncf said seat;
(c) an elongated flexible member secured at one end to a a forward portion of said face curtain; means connected to said lift line releasably securing the other ends of said strap and said elongated flexible member to said anchoring means for releasing said ends witdeployment of said parachute;
(d) and means training said elongated flexible member downwardly and forwardly from said anchoring means on the side of said seat to said forward portion of said face curtain.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein said means training said elongated flexible members is a guide tube secured to a side of said seat.
3. The device of claim 2 wherein said guide tube is directed downwardly and forwardly at substantially a forty-five degree angle from said anchoring means.
4. In an aircraft ejection seat having sides and provided with a drogue parachute disposed on the top thereof with its lift line releasably secured to said seat and its end connected for deploying a personnel parachute upon release of said lift line from said seat;
(a) a face curtain stored in an upper portion of said seat adapted to be drawn downwm'dly over a seat occupants head;
(b) a strap secured at one end to a rearward portion of said face curtain;
(c) an anchor secured to the upper portion of said seat;
((1) a flexible, downward restraint secured at one end to a forward portion of said face curtain;
(6) pin means securing the other ends of said strap and downward restraint to said anchor;
(f) means training said downward restrain downwardly and forwardly from said anchor; and
(g) flexible means securing said pin means to said drogue parachute lift line intermediate its releasable connection to said seat and to said personnel par- 7 achute.
5. In an aircraft ejection seat having sides and provided with :a drogue parachute disposed on the top thereof with its lift line releasably secured to said seat and its end connected for deploying a personnel parachute upon release of the lift line from said seat;
(a) a forwardly opening container having sides secured at the upper portion of said scat;
(b) a face curtain disposed in said container adapted to be withdrawn downwardly to cover a seat oncupants head;
(c) a flexible strap secured at one end to a rearward portion of said face curtain;
(d) an anchor secured to the side of said container;
(2) a guide tube secured to the side of said seat with one end near said-anchor and its other end disposed forwardly thereof and under the opening of said container;
(7) a flexible member secured to a forward end of said face curtain and extending through said guide tube;
(g) a pin releasably securing the other end of said flexible strap and said flexible member to said anchor; and
(h) flexible means connecting said pin to said lift line intermediate its releasable connection and its end connecting it to the personnel parachute.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 75 FERGUS S. MIDDLETON, Primary Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. IN AN AIRCRAFT EJECTION SEAT HAVING SIDES, A PARACHUTE DISPOSED ON SAID SEAT HAVING A LIFT LINE, A FACE CURTAIN DISPOSED IN AN UPPER PORTION OF SAID SEAT ADAPTED TO BE DRAWN DOWNWARDLY OVER A SEAT OCCUPANT''S HEAD, (A) ANCHORING MEANS SECURED TO SAID UPPER PORTION OF SAID SEAT; (B) A STRAP CONNECTED AT ONE END TO A REARWARD PORTION OF SAID CURTAIN; (C) AN ELONGATED FLEXIBLE MEMBER SECURED AT ONE END TO A FORWARD PORTION OF SAID FACE CURTAIN; MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID LIFT LINE RELEASABLY SECURING THE OTHER ENDS OF SAID STRAP AND SAID ELONGATED FLEXIBLE MEMBER TO SAID ANCHORING MEANS FOR RELEASING SAID ENDS WITH DEPLOYMENT OF SAID PARACHUTE; (D) AND MEANS TRAINING SAID ELONGATED FLEXIBLE MEMBER DOWNWARDLY AND FORWARDLY FROM SAID ANCHORING MEANS ON THE SIDE OF SAID SEAT TO SAID FORWARD PORTION OF SAID FACE CURTAIN.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4007895A (en) * 1975-03-31 1977-02-15 Payne Peter R Inertial escape system
US4655417A (en) * 1984-09-28 1987-04-07 The Boeing Company Molded ejection seat having an integrated rocket motor assembly
US4734939A (en) * 1984-05-17 1988-04-05 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Aircrew headgear

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2708083A (en) * 1951-09-07 1955-05-10 Martin James Ejection seats for aircraft
GB763581A (en) * 1955-04-15 1956-12-12 Martin James Improvements in and relating to hood and seat ejecting mechanism on aircraft
US2836382A (en) * 1953-03-04 1958-05-27 Martin James Leg restraining means for ejection seats for aircraft
US2929587A (en) * 1957-02-22 1960-03-22 Martin James Ejection seats for aircraft

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2708083A (en) * 1951-09-07 1955-05-10 Martin James Ejection seats for aircraft
US2836382A (en) * 1953-03-04 1958-05-27 Martin James Leg restraining means for ejection seats for aircraft
GB763581A (en) * 1955-04-15 1956-12-12 Martin James Improvements in and relating to hood and seat ejecting mechanism on aircraft
US2929587A (en) * 1957-02-22 1960-03-22 Martin James Ejection seats for aircraft

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4007895A (en) * 1975-03-31 1977-02-15 Payne Peter R Inertial escape system
US4734939A (en) * 1984-05-17 1988-04-05 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Aircrew headgear
US4655417A (en) * 1984-09-28 1987-04-07 The Boeing Company Molded ejection seat having an integrated rocket motor assembly

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