US2818112A - Gas burners - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 31, 1957 F. v. WEDLIICK ET AL GAS BURNERS Filed May 21, 1956 INVENTORS fi m /r X/flfvucxr fizz/x 4 737w: WM

' ATTORNEY 5 a a a 7 M GAS BURNERS Frank v vwedlick and'Felix A. Tyrone, Denver, Colo., assignors to Killarn Gas-BurnerCo Denver, Colo.

Application May. 21, 1956, Serial'No. 586,155 Z-Claiins; (Cl. 158-'-'116) This-inveittion relates to a gas burner, and'has for its principal object'the provision of a burner which will maintain a pilot-flame about the peripheral-surface of'astream of} combustion gases flowing to a main flame, regardless of the velocity of flow, so that the main flame willl be self-ignitingin case of"b'lowouts.'

Other objects and'advantages reside in the detail construction of the invention, which is-designed for simplicity,

economy,- and efiiciency. These will becomemore ap parent from the following description.

In the following detailed description of the invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawing which forms a part hereof. Like numerals refer to like parts in all views of the drawing and throughout the description.

In the drawing:

Fig. l is a side view of the improved gas burner;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section therethrough;

Fig. 3 is a cross-section, taken on the line 3-3, Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a cross-section, taken on the line 44, Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a front end view of the improved burner; and

Fig. 6 is an enlarged, fragmentary, diagrammatic, longitudinal section through the forward extremity of the improved burner illustrating the gas flow therethrough.

The improved burner comprises a unitary casting formed to provide an elongated cylindrical mixture tube 10 formed integrally with a concentric fuel discharge tube 11. The discharge tube terminates at its rear extremity in a first primary air bell 14 within which a spud collar is supported upon suitable supporting arms 16. The discharge tube 11 is supported upon radially extending supporting arms 12 cast within a second primary air bell 13 which is formed on the rear extremity of the mixture tube 10. The bells 13 and 14 correspond in diameter and the discharge tube 11 is of smaller diameter than the mixture tube 10 and extends into close proximity to the rear extremity of the mixture tube.

The mixture tube is provided with a conventional foot boss 17 by means of which it may be supported upon any suitable supporting structure. The forward extremity of the mixture tube 10 terminates in an enlarged circular flame cup 18. The mixture tube 10, the discharge tube 11, the air bells 13 and 14, the spud collar 15, and the cup 18 are all cast integrally as a single complete unit. Gas is supplied to the burner through a conventional pipe spud 19 positioned within the spud collar 15 and terminating in a gas orifice bushing 20, as is conventional in gas burners.

It can be seen that a jet of gas discharging from the orifice bushing 20 will exert a venturi effect in the first bell 14 and discharge tube 11 so as to draw primary air through the bell 14 and through the tube 11 and intermix the air with the gas in the discharge tube 11.

It can also be seen that the rapidly flowing stream of gas and intermixed air discharging from the tube 11 into the mixture tube 10 will also exert a venturi effect to draw additional primary air through the second air bell 13 about the discharge tube 11 and intermix this additional air with prior intermixture in the mixture tube 10 to produce an aterrt C) i ice 2 intimately mixed combustiblemixturewhich'will be discharged at relatively high velocity through andfrom the flame cup 18.

The'amount of primary *air entering the secondpriinary air bell 131 can be regulated and pre-set by means of a cylindrical damper band 21 which is slida'bly fitted about the-first air bell'l' l, and which can be moved toward the second-air bell 13toco'ntrol the space between the band Z1and"t he"be1l so'a's'to regulate theam'ount'o'f air enterin'g 'thesecond bell13. h

The damper band can be adjusted in any de'siredma'nrrer. As illustrated, itis"provided with a clamp's'crew 22 threaded into thebell" 14" and extendingthrough"a'diagonal'slot23 in'tlfe'bandZI'. It'can be seen that by loosening the'screwiltheband may be rotated to urge it forwardly-or re'arwa'rdly inconsequen'ce of the incline of the slot 2'3. Wherrthefproper adjustment has been reached, the damper hand canbe locked'in adjusted position by ti litennrgthescrew'zf. I

In'conventional ga's'burners" the velocity of the fuel mixture discharging'f'rom the mixture tube will occasionally be sufficient toforcethe flame or combustion 'z'on'e aw'ay f'ro'n'ith'e discharge" extremity of'the tube sufficiently far to extinguish the flame. his then necessary to re-ignite the flame by means of a suitable pilot light or other means.

In this improved burner, however, the flame cup 18 is provided with an enlarged bore exceeding the internal diameter of the mixture tube 10. This enlarged bore will act to decrease the velocity of the gas stream, at the cylindrical surface of the latter, and within the cup 18 so as to tend to retain an annular flame about the discharge of the cup at all velocities. To assist in the flame retention, a relatively flat, sharp-cornered shoulder 24 is formed joining the inner wall of the cup to the inner wall of the mixture tube 10 and the inner wall of the mixture tube adjacent the shoulder 24 is annularly indented to receive a round resilient wire eddy ring 25. The ring 25 is installed by contracting it and forcing it into the extremity of the tube 10 until it snaps in place in the groove therein, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6. The groove is sufliciently shallow so that the ring 25 projects into the mixture tube 10 for approximately one-half the diameter of the wire of which the ring is formed. The protruding ring forms an annular, semi-cylindrical protuberance or obstruction completely around the discharge throat of the mixture tube in close proximity to the shoulder 24. The result is the outer layer of the rapidly traveling core of fuel mixture will be caused to sweep first toward the axis of the flame tube, thence outwardly through the enlarged bore in the cup 18, creating an annular vacuum pocket, such as indicated at A in Fig. 6, entirely around the burner discharge. This vacuum pocket will attract fuel mixture from the surface of the core of traveling fuel, and this attracted fuel mixture will swirl in an ignited, annular eddy current, somewhat similar to a conventional smoke ring, throughout the entire circumference of the bore in the flame cup 18, such as indicated by the swirling arrow in the pocket A.

This swirling ring of low velocity fuel mixture forms a constant annular combustion zone around the entire inner periphery of the cup 18, regardless of the velocity of the fuel mixture flowing directly from the mixing tube 10. This annular flame will act as the pilot light, should the main flame become extinguished, to immediately re-ignite the latter.

It has been found that the efliciency of this annular pilot light flame can be greatly increased by cutting or casting a plurality of inclined slots 26 in the inner wall of the mixture tube 10 at its forward extremity. The slots 26 extend beneath or behind the eddy" ring 25 and act to conduct fuel mixture below the ring and to the pocket A, as indicated by the swirl B in Fig. 6, so as to increase the efficiency of the combustion in the annular pilot flame pocket.

In actual use the velocity of the gas can be increased until it forces the main flame forwardly of the cup 18. It will be observed, however, that a ring type pilot flame completely surrounds the edge of the cup at all times ready for immediate reignition should a blowout of the main flame occur.

While a specific form of the improvement has been described and illustrated herein, it is desired to be understood that the same may be varied, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed and desired secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In a gas burner, an elongated tube for the advancement of a gaseous fuel mixture; an enlarged flame cup formed on the discharge extremity of said tube to reduce the velocity of said mixture prior to discharge; an abrupt, rectangular, internal shoulder joining said tube to said cup; an internal, annular ring groove formed in the internal surface of said tube adjacent and parallel to said shoulder; an expansible wire ring expanded into said groove; and a plurality of slots formed in said shoulder forming spaced passages between said tube and said flame cup and behind said ring.

2. In a gas burner, an elongated tube for the advancement of a gaseous fuel mixture; an enlarged flame cup formed on the discharge extremity of said tube to reduce the velocity of said mixture prior to discharge; an abrupt, rectangular, internal shoulder joining said tube to said cup; an internal, annular ring groove formed in the internal surface of said tube adjacent and parallel to said shoulder; an expansible wire ring expanded into said groove; said groove being sutficiently shallow so that said ring will project internally into said tube for approximately onehalf the diameter of the Wire from which it is formed to form an annular, semi-cylindrical protuberance completely around the discharge throat of said tube; and a plurality of slots formed in said shoulder forming spaced passages between said tube and said flame cup and behind said ring.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,386,978 Ruhl Oct. 16, 1945 2,537,542 Norman Jan. 9, 1951 2,610,675 Downe Sept. 16, 1952 2,754,895 Hershey July 17, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 43,019 France Nov. 7, 1933

Images