US2345503A - Tuyere - Google Patents

Description

March 2s, 1944. g.. A REECE 2,345,503

TUYERE Filed Aug. 27, 1942 Patented Mar. 28, 1944 UNITED sm'rns PATENT OFFICE.

2,345,503 TUYRE Herbert A.. Reece, Cleveland Heights, Ohio Application August 27, 1942, Serial No'. 456,378

(Cl. 26S-42) 14 Claims.

My invention relates to metallurgical furnaces and the like, such as cupolas for the melting of metal, and is directed to the tuyres entering the same for the supplying of a blast of air to the interior of the furnace at a plurality of positions around the furnace.

'I'he principles of my invention are particularly directed to the form and construction of the tuyre boxes or easings mounted in the wall of the furnace and to the operating parts associated therewith. The tuyre boxes have openings extending therethrough for the passage of the air blast through the furnace wall, the walls of the tuyre boxes being mounted in the furnace wall.

It is an object of the present invention to provide improved means of controlling the flow of air through the tuyres into the furnace.

Another object is the provision for efficiently regulating the size of the opening through the tuyre.

Another object is the provision for efficiently regulating the angular disposition of walls of the opening to guide the air blast as desired.

Another object is the provision for adjustably changing the are of the walls in the tuyre box guiding the air blast into the furnace.

Another object is the provision for dividing a tuyre` box in two or more parts and to effectively make each part a separate tuyre by adjustably fiaring a movable wall therein.

' the furnace.

Another object is the provision for adjust ably varying the shape of a wall of a tuyre box to guide the air blast through the box in a manner desired.

Another object is the provision for changing a tuyre box having opposite end walls flared out toward the interior of the furnace into two or more portions each having opposite end walls flared out toward the interior of the furnace and thereby effecting two or more separate flared tuyres. y

Another object is the provision for adjusting the area of the opening through a tuyre. the degree of change in area being greater on the the outer side of the tuyre.

Another object is the provision for efficiently changing the effective area in a tuyre box through which an air blast passes and efficiently guiding the air blast through the box to control its distribution into the furnace.

Other objects and a fuller understanding of my invention may be had by referring to the following description and claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a tuyre box embodying the preferred form of my invention with the top plate of the box raised up from its norma1 position to better show the interior of the box, the box being positioned in the wall of a furnace of which a partial view is shown;

Figure 2 is a plan view of a tuyre box embodying a modified form of my invention;

Figure 3 is an elevational view of the tuyre box shown in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a plan view of a tuyre box embodying another modified form of my invention; and

Figure 5 is an elevational view of the tuyre box shown in Figure 4.

Referring torthe views of the drawing, there is shown a tuyre box denoted generally by the reference character I5. The tuyre box i5 is mounted in the brick wall Il of a cupola or other metallurgical furnace in such manner that the tuyre box provides an opening through the furnace wall from outside the furnace tolinside A plurality of the tuyre boxes are mounted in the furnace wall around the circumferential extent thereof in the usual manner, most often in one horizontal plane but sometimes in more than one horizontal plane or otherwise disposed. As all of the tuyre boxes in my improved furnace are of similar construction it has been .considered necessary to illustrate only one tuyre box in the furnace wall and the adjacent portion of the furnace wall.

The furnace wall being cylindrical is of concave form on its inner surface and of, convex form on its outer surface. The inner and outer outline of the tuyre box generally conforms to these surfaces as to be substantially flush therewith. There is an opening or open space extending through the tuyre box communicating with the interior of the furnace on one side and with a source of an air blast outside the furnace on the other side. 'I'he source of the air blast may be a wind box proper mounted to the side of the furnace, a boot-leg pipe or other conduit between the wind box proper and the individual tuyres, or other suitable source. For purposes of definition and simplicity in description the source of the air blast may be referred to in this description and the claims as a wind box. A shell l2 of iron, steel or other metal surrounds the 'brick wall ll and the opening in the tuyre box l5 extends through vthis shell as Well as through the wall II. The shell I2 forms the outer surface of the furnace wall and may form the inner surface of the wind box (or boot-leg pipe)` adjacent the tuyre.

In Figure 1, wherein portions of the wall and surrounding wind box are cut away to illustrate the construction of the tuyre box, only a portion of the wind box is shown, the portion shown being the bottom wall I4 thereof. The wind box, however, may be assumed to have any of the usual forms now known. In Figures 2 to `5, inclusive, the outer wall I3 of the wind box is also shown.

My tuyre box I5 comprises a bottom plate I6, the outer end plates I1, the inner flared end plates I3 and the top plate I8. The tuyre box is made of suitable metal such as iron, steel or special heat resisting alloys. I'he bottom plate and end plates may conveniently be cast in one integral piece as illustrated in Figure 1. The top plate I8 rests upon and is secured to the top edges of the end plates to form contiguous walls.l

A tongue or projection provided on the top plate I8 is adapted to fit into the groove or recess 2l in the errl plates I1 and to secure the parts together..

It is to be noted that the end plates I9 are disposed at an angle and flare outwardly toward the interior of the furnace. It has been found that such a construction forms an eiiicient tuyre in guiding the air blast'through the tuyre and distributing it fan-wise into the interior of the furnace.

In prior tuyre boxes there has sometimes been positioned in the tuyre box, intermediate of its flared ends, an upright or vertical strut or flat plate permanently fixed in position and disposed on a radial line extending from the axis of the furnace. Such a strut has however been nothing more than a Support for the top of the tuyre box. Being relatively narrow, it did not eectively divide the opening through the tuyre box and was not Aangularly disposed in relationship to the end walls of the tuyre box to cooperate therewith in guiding and distributing' the air blast in a manner required forl a well-designed tuyre. The limitations, disadvantages and defects of such prior constructions become apparent from the disclosure of the present invention.

There is mounted in my improved tuyre box a pair of flat plates 2'2 and 23 hinged together at their forward edges disposed toward the interior of the furnace by means of a hinged mounting 24. The pivot pins extend up and down into holes 26 in the top and bottom plates of the `tuyre box, only the upper pin 25 and upper hole 26 being shown in Figure 1 of the drawing. The vertical plates 22 and 23 are free to rotate on the mounting 24 relative to each other and relative to the walls of the tuyre box. The free ends lof the .plates 22 and 23 extend back through the tuyre box at a variable angle to each other and generally toward the outside of the furnace.

It is to be observed that as the front edges of plates 22 and 23 are pivotally joined and the lio ing angularly disposed arms 36 slidably engaged in the slide rings 35 extending from, and carried by', the outer edges or free ends of the plates 22 and 23. A vertically disposed arm or rod 3B joining the arms 3B of the Y-shaped member extends down through a small opening in the bottom wall Il of the wind box. The engagement of rod 38 in the opening through the wall is such that there is a hermetic seal against the loss of air from the Wind box. To give strength and rigidity to the Y-shaped element the upper ends of the arms 36 are tied together by the element 31. The Y- shaped element is preferably made of metal or other strong and rigid material. A notched scale member 39 is secured to the side of the furnace wall and a pointer element 40 non-movably secured to the rod 38 is adapted to engage in notches in the member 39 andto indicate the relative elevation of rod 38 and hence the position of vthe arms 36 in the slide rings 35.

Upward movement of the rod 38 from outside the wind box is translated into a movement swinging the plates 22 and 23 toward each other and diminishing the angle between them. Downward movement of the rod 38 is translated into a movement swinging the plates 22 and 23 away from each other and increasing the angle between them. Therefore, the angular disposition of the plates 22 and 23 may be adjustably determined and fixed by means of the Y-shaped member and notched element 39. The angular disposition of the plates-22 and 23 determines the effective area of the opening through which an air blast passes and the deflecting or guiding of the air blast by the plates 22 and 23.

It is to be noted that by adjustment of the position of plates 22 and 23 the tuyre opening is, in e'ect, divided into two tuyre openings each having flared end walls for properly guiding and distributing the air blast into the furnace. The plates 22 ad 23 are thus adapted to cooperate with the flared end walls I9 in the control of the air blast through the furnace Wall and into the furnace. By adjustment of the angular disposi- 5 tion of the plates '22 and 23 the desired re-action rear edges or free ends of the plates may swing inarcs, the effective area of the opening lthrough the tuyre box is variably modied. Likewise, the angle of deection or guidance of the air blast by the walls 22 and 23 is variably changed by adjusting the angular disposition of the plates.

The means provided for adjustably swinging the plates 22 and 23 in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 consists of a Y-shaped member havbetween the plates 22 and 23 and flared end walls I9 may be obtained.

The inner open area, of the tuyre box (that is, the size of the tuyre opening adjacent the inside of the furnace), is preferably of a fixed value which has been determined by calibration with regard to the diameter of the furnace and other factors. My tuyre box has the advantage of incorporating therein the flexible features of changing the eective area of the opening through which the air blast passes and of changing the deflectlng or guiding action afforded to the air blast, and at the same time maintaining the fixed value for the inner open area of the tuyre box. This is possible by reason the convergence and joinder of the plates 22 and 23 on the side of the tuyre box toward the interior of the furnace to maintain a substantial constant width of the two plates at the region of their joinder.

In Figures 2 and 3 there is shown a modied l arrangement for moving the plates 22 and 23. A

cam guide member 21 has two annular slots or grooves 28 in which extend and slide pins or bosses 29 carried by the outer edges or free ends of the plates 22 and 23. A shaft 30 rigidly secured to the carn member 21 and extending out through the outer wall I3 of the wind box in a hermetic seal therewith is rotatable by the handle 3| to revolve the cam member through substantially 90. The turning of the handle 3|, from outside the wind box, swings the plates toward each other when turned in one direction and away from each other when turned in an opposite direction.

In Figures 4 :md 5 there is shown another modified arrangement for moving the plates 22 and 23. Crossed levers 33 have slots 32 slidably engaging the Ipins or bosses 29 carried by the outer edges or free ends of plates 22 and 23. The levers 33 are pivotally mounted to the bottom wall I4 of the wind box by means of the mounting 34 and extend through the bottom of the wind box in a hermetic seal therewith. Movement of the lower ends of the levers is translated into movement of the plates 22 and 23.

The present disclosure includes the description contained in the following claims as well as in the foregoing specification. Although I have described my invention with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the .present disclosure has been made only by way of example and that numerous changes in the details of construction and the combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed. l

I claim as my invention:

1. A tuyre box for a metallurgical furnace, said box having an opening therethrough for providing communication for an air blast from outside the furnace through the furnace wall to the interior of the furnace, said opening being defined by a top plate, a bottom plate and opposite end plates, said end plates being flared out toward the interior of the furnace to direct said air blast fan-wise into the furnace from said opening, a pair of movable plates disposed in said opening intermediate of said end plates, said movable plates being pivotally mounted at their edges adjacent the interior of the furnace and swingable toward and away from each other in the tuyre box to vary the size of said opening adjacent the outside of the furnace wall, and operating means for swinging said movable plates to desired angular positions in said opening, the said movable plates being adapted to be ared outwardly toward the interior of the furnace by the angular disposition thereof to divide the tuyre into two openings having flared ends and directing the air blast through said two openings fan-wise into the furnace. A

2. In a tuyre box mountable in the wall of a metallurgical furnace, said tuyre box having an opening extended therethrough to permit an air blast to pass through the box from the outside to the inside of the furnace, a pair of plates vertically positioned in said box intermediate the ends thereof, said plates being hinged together and to said box on their edges disposed toward the interior of the furnace and being swingable in said box relative to each other to vary the size of said opening on the side of the box toward the exterior of the furnace, and means for swinging said plates to adjust their angular disposition in said box, the angular disposition of the plates determining the effective area of said opening on the side of the box toward the exterior of the box and the degree of deflection of said air blast passing through the opening adjacent said plates into the furnace.

3. In a tuyre box having defining walls adapted to be mounted in the wall of a metallurgical furnace and having an open space extending therethrough from the exterior of the furnace to the interior of the furnace, the defining walls at the ends of the tuyre being angularly disposed to progressively increase the size of said open space toward the interior of said furnace, a pair of movable plates in said box dividing said open space into two parts, pivot mounting means connecting said plates and pivotally connecting the plates, to said box adjacent the side of the box toward the interior of the furnace, said plates extending back through the open space in the box toward the exterior of the furnace, and 0perating means connecting said plates for swinging said plates relative to each other to change the angular disposition of the plates in said box, the adjustment `of the angular disposition of said plates by said operating means adjustably determining the size of said two parts of said open space and fixing the degree of deflection by said plates of said air blast passing through said two parts of the open space in the tuyre box.

4. A tuyre box adapted to be mounted in the wall of a metallurgical furnace, the end walls of said 4box diverging from each other toward the interior of the furnace to spread the air blast passing through the box fan-wise into the furnace, a pair of movable plates vertically disposed in said box intermediate of said end walls, said movable plates being pivotally connected to said box and meeting each other at their forward edges adjacent the interior of the furnace.

vsaid movable plates extending back through the box and having their rearward edges disposed toward the exterior of the furnace, and means connected to said rearward edges for swinging said plates in said box to adjustably fix the angular disposition of the plates in the box, the angular disposition-of said plates relative to each other determining the effective area of the box through which said air blast may pass and fixing the relative divergence between said end walls of the boxand said plates to control the spread of said air blast moving through the box on opposite sides of said plates.

`free portion of the plates to said 5. In a tuyre box for a metallurgical furnace. a pair of hinged plates mounted in the box, the hinged portion of the plates being disposed toward the interior of the furnace and the free portion of the plates being disposed toward the exterior of the furnace, an operating member having angle portions disposed at an angle to each other, and slide means connecting the angle portion of the operating member, the arrangement of the plates, operating member and slide means being such that movement of the operating member toward and away from said plates swings the plates about said hinged portion to vary the effective opening through the tuyre box and the angle of the plates relative to the walls of the tuyre box.

6. Inl a tuyre box for a metallurgical furnace, a pair of hinged plates pivotally mounted in the box, the hinged portion of the plates being disposed toward the interior of the furnace and the free portion of the plates being disposed toward the exterior of the furnace; a revolvable cam member connecting the free ends of said plates and adapted to swing said plates toward and away from each other in said box, and a shaft for revolving said cam member, the swing-1 ing of said plates into desired angular position by said cam member and said' shaft providing for the adjustment of the effective area of the opening through said box for the air blast and deection of the air blast passing through the box.

7. In a tuyre box for a metallurgical furnace, a pair of hinged plates pivotally mounted in the box, the hinged portion of the plates being disposed toward the interior/ of the furnace and the free portion of the plates being disposed toward the exterior of the furnace, a pair of slotted levers slidably engaging lthe free ends of said plates, said slotted levers being pivotally mounted to move at an angle to said plates and to swing said plates toward and away from each other, whereby-the angular disposition of said plates in the box may be adjustably iixed.

8. In a tuyre box having an 4entrance upstream opening and an exit down-stream opening larger than the up-stream opening for admitting air to a metallurgical furna, closure means extending into the tuyre box for restricting the up-stream opening without materially restricting the down-stream opening, and adjustable means for positioning the closure means.

9. In a tiwre box having an entrance upstream opening and an exit down-stream opening for admitting air to a metallurgical furnace, closure means extending into the tuyre box for restricting the up-stream opening without materially restricting the down-stream opening, and adjustable means for positioning the closure means, said closuremeans comprising a member having a side disposed at an angle to a side of the tuyre box.

10. In a tuyre box having an entrance upstream opening and an exit down-stream opening i for admitting air to a metallurgical furnace, closure means extending into the tuyre box for restricting the 11p-stream opening without restricting the down-stream opening, locking means for positioning the closureA means, said closure means comprising two parts having their downstream ends converging toward each other and having their up-stream ends separated to restrict the up-strea'm opening.

11. In a tuyre box having an entrance upstream opening and an exit down-stream opening for admitting air to a metallurgical furnace, closure means extending into the tuyre box for restricting the up-stream opening without materially restricting the down-stream opening, and adjustable means for positioning the closure means, said closure means comprising two swingable vane members substantially dividing the tuyre box with their down-stream ends converging toward each other and pivotally connected to said box and with their up-stream ends being swingable with reference to each other to restrict the up-stream opening.

12. A tuyre box having an entrance up-stream opening and an exit down-stream opening for a metallurgical furnace having an air duct, said tuyre box having a center strut having two parts foldable laterally with respect to each other, actuating means for expanding the foldable parts to close the tuyre and for contracting the foldable parts to open the tiLvre, and locking means engaging the actuating means to adjustably position the two foldable parts at any point between their open and closed positions, said two foldable parts restricting the up-stream opening more than the down-stream opening.

13. Inv'a tuyre box having an entrance upstream opening and an exit down-stream opening for admitting air to a metallurgical furnace, closure means extending into the tuyre box for restricting the up-stream opening without materially restricting the down-stream opening, and adjustable means for positioning the closure means.

14. In a tuyre box having an entrance upstream opening and an exit down-stream opening for admitting air to a metallurgical furnace, closure means extending into the tuyre box for restricting the up-stream opening without materially restricting the down-stream opening, and adjustable means for positioning the closure means, said closure means comprising a swingable vane member adjustably positioned at variable angles with respect to a side of the tuyre box.

HERBERT A. REECE.

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