US2200673A - Oil-air burner - Google Patents

Description

l May 14, 1940 T. KINDER Y 2.200.673

OIL-AIR BURNER Filed March 18, 1956 Jnvenrnr:

i Patented May 14, 1940 UNITED ,sTATEs PATENT oFFlcE Theodor` Kindgr, Essen, Germany, assignor to Wistra, Ofenbau Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung, Essen, Germany Application March 18, 1936, .Serial No. 69,538

In Germany 5 Claims.`

This invention relates to burners operated with liquid fuel for heating furnaces and the like and in particular to a burner of this type which is operated with air at low pressure, that is, at a pressure equivalent to a D-500 mm. column o-f water.

, The object of the present invention is to construct an oil-air burner in which the liquid fuel is atomised by means of the air for combustion in such a way that complete atomisation of the fuel takes place in the burner Without a pool of oil being formed therein and so that moreover there is complete combustion of the heating oil whilst avoiding a "blow-pipe flame combustion.

The essential characteristic of the oil-air burner constructed according to the invention lies in the fact that. in the atomiser passage of the burner an axially disposed atomiser pin is pro- .vided through which the oil is introduced, preferably by gravity in a substantially radial direction in the atomising passage and which carries at the end turned towards the burner mouth a frusto-coriical toothed portion, the teeth of which project into the annular part of the atomiser .passage serving to supply the air for atomisation. v

The invention is moreover extended to the special construction of the enlarged portion of the pin which has a bowl-shaped depressionat the side turned towards the burner mouth, whilst a conical extension piece arising from this depression is provided on the atomiser pin.

The invention consists moreover in the use of teeth on the widened portion of the atomiser pin which teeth extend transversely to the direction of the draught in the atomiser passage,

whilst helical guiding surfaces, for example, in'

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a vertical sectionv through an oil-air burner constructed according lto the invention,

Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line II--II of Figure 1,

Figure Sshows a horizontal section on line III-III through the burner shown in Figure l.

March 18, 1935 'I'he burner shown in the drawing comprises a housing I which has on one side a branchpipe 3, divided by a transverse wall 2, to which the` air` supply pipe is connected.

The part of the burner housing containing 5 the device for spraying or atomising the liquid fuel extends perpendicularly to the airpipe 3.

This device consists of the atomiser casing 4 which is connected by means of arms 5 with an annular part 6 which is pushed into a correl0 spending opening of the burner housing I as can be seen from Figure l of the drawing.

The atomiser pin l, provided with a longitudinal bore 8, is disposed in the atomiser casing. The pin is supported by a closing cover 9 l5 which is inserted in the central opening of the annular part 6. The oil supply passage widens at the outside of the cover 9. The conical end il of the oil pipe I2 can be pressed into this widened portion IIl by means ci a pressure screw 20 I arranged on a tensioning bracket' I3. Moreover by means of this pressure screw H3y the atomiser casing d is maintained inthe burner housing.

The pin arranged in the atomiser casing 25 carries in its `end turned towards the burner opening I5 a frusto-conical` head portion I6 which has on its periphery vobliquely extending teeth Il as can be seen from Figure 3. The oil exits I8 of the oil supply passage 8 are arranged 30 behind the pin head I6 and are so disposed that the oil passes out from the pin passage in an essentially radial direction I The pin head I'B is depressed at the forward end and carries a conical extension piece I9 35 arising therefrom which projects into the conical constricted part 20 of the burner casing.

' Obliquely lying guiding vanes 2I` are also provided on the shaft of the atomiser pin I and are inclined, as can be seen from Figure 3, but 40 extend with an inclination in the opposite direction to that of the teeth of thepin head I6.

The burner casing -2li is surroundedon the outside by a secondary air passage 22. The entry of the air to the secondary air passage is regulated by means of the throttle valve 23, and the quantity of the air for atomisation by means of the throttle valve 24.

'Ihe method of operation of the burner shown on the drawing is as follows:

'I'he oil which preferably enters under gravity through the oil exits I8 in the atomising pin 1 into the atomiser passage is driven by the atomiser air against the teeth I'I of the pin head. It is distributed over a comparatively large area on e teeth of the pin head and is there split up by the atomiser air into line particles which remain in the air. Oil which may not -have been atomised passes into the depression of the pin head and flows from thence to the pin cone l9 from the point of which it is finally removed in fine particles. By means of the strong turbulence of the air current in the atomiser passage practically complete atmisation of the fuel is already obtained at the pin head.

It may also be mentioned that the special arrangement of the oil exits I8 within the axially traversed part of the atomiser passage may also be used for oil burners which do not have a pin head of the character described. The burner according to the invention can also be used with advantage to atomise liquid vfuels in fuel gases or in fuel gas-air mixtures, whereby a flame of extraordinarily high heating power is obtained which is of great advantage for the quick heating of certain types of industrial furnaces.

I claim:

1. An oil-air burner comprising an atomizing chamber, an atomizing pin extending lengthwise of said chamber, an atomizing head on said pin, said atomizing head having sharp pointed peripheral teeth, the walls of said chamber and said pin deiining an annular passage therebetween, a.

plurality of oblique guiding vanes secured to said pin rearwardly of said teeth and extending into said annular passage, means for admitting air into said passage, and means for introducing oil into said passage behind said atomizing head.

2. An oil-air burner comprising an atomizing chamber, an atomizing pin extending lengthwise of said chamber, an atomizing head on said pin, said atomizing head having sharp pointed peripheral teeth and a concave forward face, the Walls of said chamber and said pin defining an annular passage therebetween, a plurality of oblique guiding vanes secured to said pin rearwardly of said teeth and extending into said annular passage, means for admitting air into said passage, and means for introducing oil into said passage behind said atomiz'ing head.

, means for admitting air into said passage, and

means for introducing oil into said passage behind said atomizing head.

4. An oil-air burner comprising an atomizing chamber, an atomizing pin extending lengthwise of said chamber, an atomizing head on said pin, said atomizing head having sharp pointed peripheral teeth, a concave forward' face, and a sharp pointed extension disposed centrally of said concave face, the walls of said chamber and said pin defining an annular passage therebetween, a plurality of oblique guiding vanes secured to said pin rearwardly of said teeth and extending into said annular passage, means for admitting air into said passage, and means for introducing oil into said passage behind said atomizing head.

5. An oil-air burner comprising an atomizing chamber, an atomizing pin extending lengthwise of said chamber, the walls of said chamber and said pin defining an annular passage therebetween, an atomizing head on said pin, said atomizing head being substantially of frusta-conical form with the larger end thereof directed toward the outlet end of said atomizing chamber, and a series of projections on said atomizing head and extending laterally into said annular passage, said projections terminating in sharp points directed toward the outlet end of said chamber.

THEODOR KINDER.

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