US20110214666A1 - Fixed focus parabolic trough collector - Google Patents

Fixed focus parabolic trough collector Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110214666A1
US20110214666A1 US13/128,831 US200913128831A US2011214666A1 US 20110214666 A1 US20110214666 A1 US 20110214666A1 US 200913128831 A US200913128831 A US 200913128831A US 2011214666 A1 US2011214666 A1 US 2011214666A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
mirror
parabolic trough
fixed focus
segments
trough collector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/128,831
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English (en)
Inventor
Christoph Prahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Original Assignee
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV filed Critical Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Assigned to DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FUR LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT E.V. reassignment DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FUR LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT E.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PRAHL, CHRISTOPH
Publication of US20110214666A1 publication Critical patent/US20110214666A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/87—Reflectors layout
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fixed focus parabolic trough collector operative to collect solar radiation and provided for use in solar thermal power plants, said collector comprising an elongate mirror structure forming a focal line, and an absorber pipe extending along the focal line.
  • Solar thermal power plants are designed to utilize the energy of sunlight for generating electric current.
  • the solar radiation will be focused onto an absorber having a heat carrier circulating in it.
  • said optical concentrators represent the largest investment item and have a decisive influence on the efficiency of the plants.
  • Various research projects are aimed at the development of new materials for the collectors. Important parameters for the energy yield and respectively for the efficiency are the shape and the construction of the collector, which have to meet high demands with regard to manufacturing tolerances and stability.
  • a parabolic trough collector comprises an elongate mirror structure having a parabolic cross section. Typical aperture openings are dimensioned in the range of 5 m-7 m.
  • Individual solar collector elements (SCE) having a length of about 12 m are assembled into units having a length of about 150 m and normally being oriented in north-south direction. Said units are coupled to a central drive unit. The center of gravity and, thus, the rotational axis of the mirror structure and respectively of the appertaining support structure are situated near the apex of the parabola, at a distance of about 1.80 m from the absorber pipe.
  • the concentration factor is about 50. Higher concentration factors will require larger aperture openings. This will entail stricter demands on the optical precision because, with increasing distance to the absorber pipe, possible mirror defects will have a stronger effect.
  • the wind load is the largest force among those forces acting on the collector which attain higher relevance along with an increase of the aperture and of the mirror surface. Therefore, larger-sized collectors will necessitate complex and heavy support structures.
  • the absorber pipe being moved along outside said rotational axis, will require flexible pipe connectors which must be designed to endure high temperatures and pressures. For this purpose, use is made of ball joints. Particularly in the case of direct evaporation, such joints are critical spots due to the high stresses involved.
  • a further known collector is that of the Fresnel type.
  • a Fresnel collector is a line-concentrating system with fixed absorber pipe. Narrow rows of mirrors are individually rotated so as to focus the sunlight in the direction of the absorber pipe throughout the course of the day. The individual rows of mirrors can be produced from flat glass which can be bent to assume the required curvature. This construction is less vulnerable to wind.
  • the absorber pipe is installed at a height of about 8 m above the rows of mirrors. With growing distance between mirror and absorber, also the demands on the mirror accuracy and the tracking will increase. Due to blocking, shading and the relatively high cosine losses, the Fresnel collector will reach a lower annual wear in comparison to the parabolic trough collector.
  • the fixed focus parabolic trough collector of the present invention is defined by claim 1 . It is characterized in that the mirror structure comprises a plurality of mirror segments and that at least two adjacent mirror segments form a gap through which radiation reflected by a third mirror segment or further mirror segments, will be incident on the absorber pipe. According to the invention, use is made of a plurality of mirror segments displaced relative to each other in the direction of the incident solar radiation (or in the opposite direction), with all of the mirror segments having the same focal point. The mirror segments are rigidly connected to each other and arranged to rotate together about the absorber pipe. As a result of the mutually displaced mirror segments, the fixed focus parabolic trough collector has a low collector depth. The collector surface is perforated, thus reducing the wind load acting on the collector. The length of the beam path of the reflected solar radiation is minimized. Thereby, and by the avoidance of shading, a high efficiency and a high power yield are obtained.
  • the mirror segments are arranged symmetrically to a longitudinal central plane of the mirror structure, said longitudinal central plane including the absorber pipe (focal line) and the apex line of all parabola segments.
  • the mirror segments are arranged to be free of overlap in the projection of radiation incident parallel to said longitudinal central plane. In this manner, shading effects on mirror areas are avoided.
  • the mirror segments are preferably arranged in such a manner that radiation incident parallel to the longitudinal central plane cannot pass through the gap. This means that the mirror element which is situated at a forward position exactly covers the gap between two adjacent mirror segments. Thereby, it is achieved that no radiation incident in the area of the mirror elements will be lost.
  • two lateral mirror segments arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal central plane are situated forward in the direction of the incidence of radiation relative to a central mirror segment, and that two outer mirror segments are situated backward relative to said lateral mirror segments. Obtained thereby is a compact mirror structure of low depth.
  • the mirror segments are fastened to a common support structure which is pivotable about the absorber pipe.
  • the supporting structure and the mirror segments are situated to the effect that their common center of gravity coincides with the focal point of the mirror structure.
  • the axis of rotation and the absorber pipe are coaxial with each other.
  • the need for complex flexible pipe connectors is obviated, and the absorber pipes can be fastened to each other via the shortest possible path.
  • the fixed focus parabolic trough collector can be divided along its length into individual modules, which are driven individually. This eliminates the need for a heavy torque box which would have to transmit the moment of rotation along the whole collector length. Further, it is not necessary that the terrain along the whole collector length is plane. Since the collector is freely rotatable about the absorber pipe, the structure can be brought into a safe stow position wherein the mirror surface is facing toward the ground.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a mirror structure comprising a plurality of mirror segments, with plotted lines representing incident and reflected light beams, and
  • FIG. 2 is a view of the mirror structure according to FIG. 1 in connection with a load-bearing support structure, wherein the main axis of inertia coincides with the absorber pipe.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a possible arrangement of a plurality of mirror segments in a fixed focus parabolic trough collector.
  • mirror segments which correspond to parabolic segments with different focal lengths are arranged around a common focal point in a manner allowing the reflected rays to reach the absorber pipe unhindered.
  • the mirror structure generally designated by 10 , comprises a plurality of parabolically curved mirror segments.
  • a central mirror segment S 1 is provided which is flanked by two lateral mirror segments S 2 .
  • an outer mirror segment S 3 is arranged on each outer side.
  • Said mirror structure 10 will be adjusted to track the position of the sun so that the longitudinal central plane 11 of the mirror structure will be oriented to extend parallel to the direction 12 of the incident solar radiation.
  • the absorber pipe 13 Arranged in the focus of mirror structure 10 is the absorber pipe 13 which is operative to receive the sunlight on its surface and to heat the heat carrier circulating in the absorber pipe.
  • Mirror structure 10 and absorber pipe 13 form an elongate collector, herein referred to as a fixed focus parabolic trough collector, although said mirror segments S 1 , S 2 , S 3 do not form a closed parabolic trough.
  • the central radiation area R 1 is assigned to the central mirror segment S 1
  • the lateral radiation areas R 2 are assigned to the lateral mirror segments S 2
  • the outer radiation areas R 3 are assigned to the outer mirror segments S 3 .
  • a gap 14 exists between the mirror segment S 1 and each of the two adjacent mirror segments S 2 . Via this gap 14 , the radiation reflected from outer mirror segment S 3 will be incident on absorber pipe 13 . All mirror segments are focused on absorber pipe 13 .
  • the length of the reflected rays is minimized. Thereby, the optical efficiency will be less affected by possible mirror defects, which in turn makes it easier to enlarge the aperture and reduces the demands on the optical quality, especially that of the central mirror segment S 1 .
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the arrangement of the mirror segments S 1 ,S 2 ,S 3 on a common support structure 20 .
  • a framework structure comprising longitudinal support bars 21 , herein formed as tubes, and transverse beams 22 .
  • Said support structure 20 together with mirror structure 10 has a main axis of inertia which coincides with absorber pipe 13 .
  • said main axis of inertia is coaxial with the absorber pipe. Slight deviations up to five times the diameter of the absorber pipe are allowable. Since the center of gravity of the parabolic trough collector is in the close vicinity of the axis of rotation, the weight of the support structure is reduced.
  • the connection of the absorber pipes to each other is realized by struts which also include the required bearings and the drive unit.
  • stiffening elements can be provided in the central area of the collector.
  • the invention offers the advantage of a subdivision of the mirror surface into mutually offset mirror segments so that the path length of the reflected radiation will be minimized. Further, the wind load is reduced.
  • the main axis of inertia and the focal line coincide with each other, with resultant reduction of constructional complexity.
  • a respective individual decentralized drive can be provided in the form of a stepped motor. Also a common drive in the form of a central hydraulic unit is possible.
  • the decentralized drive does however offer the advantage that, by rotating individual SCEs, the captured light quantity can be adapted to the energy generation process in a flexible manner.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
US13/128,831 2008-11-18 2009-11-17 Fixed focus parabolic trough collector Abandoned US20110214666A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008057868.1A DE102008057868B4 (de) 2008-11-18 2008-11-18 Parabolrinnen-Kollektor
DE102008057868.1 2008-11-18
PCT/EP2009/065313 WO2010057884A1 (de) 2008-11-18 2009-11-17 Fixed focus parabolrinnen-kollektor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110214666A1 true US20110214666A1 (en) 2011-09-08

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ID=42026358

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/128,831 Abandoned US20110214666A1 (en) 2008-11-18 2009-11-17 Fixed focus parabolic trough collector

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20110214666A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2347193B1 (de)
DE (1) DE102008057868B4 (de)
ES (1) ES2401755T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2010057884A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2446843A1 (es) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-10 Antonio VARGAS LEÓN Colector solar cilindro parabólico descompuesto
US8952307B2 (en) 2011-06-08 2015-02-10 Heliofocus Ltd. Spatial structure assemblies
US9442279B2 (en) 2013-08-23 2016-09-13 Jeffrey Michael Citron Open architecture structure for trough shaped solar concentrators

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101191004B1 (ko) * 2011-12-07 2012-10-16 김두만 태양열 집열장치
DE202015001498U1 (de) 2015-01-23 2016-04-26 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Parabolrinnenkollektormodul, Parabolrinnenkollektoreinheit sowie solarthermisches Kraftwerk
CN109373613B (zh) * 2018-10-30 2024-02-06 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 一种基于分段抛物线函数的反射镜及槽式集热器

Citations (31)

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US1421506A (en) * 1922-07-04 Headlight
US3892433A (en) * 1973-09-21 1975-07-01 Martin Marietta Corp Direct solar hydro-electric integrated system and concentrating heliostat for same
US3892476A (en) * 1973-04-18 1975-07-01 Jr Benjamin F Sherman Catoptric system for simultaneous concentration of light, laser, and other type paraxial rays into beams
US3964464A (en) * 1975-04-08 1976-06-22 Oak Ridge Solar Engineering, Inc. Solar radiation collector and concentrator
US4006971A (en) * 1973-02-16 1977-02-08 Polaroid Corporation Reflective imaging apparatus
US4022186A (en) * 1975-09-10 1977-05-10 Northrup Jr Leonard L Compound lens solar energy system
US4050444A (en) * 1974-05-22 1977-09-27 Peter William Dolamore Reflective device
US4136673A (en) * 1977-07-11 1979-01-30 Escher William J D Multimode solar energy collector and process
US4149521A (en) * 1975-07-24 1979-04-17 Nasa Solar energy collection system
US4173213A (en) * 1976-09-15 1979-11-06 Kelly Donald A Solar power system, with high concentration, linear reflective solar panels
US4268168A (en) * 1978-01-05 1981-05-19 Staalkat B.V. Egg candling device
US4312329A (en) * 1978-11-03 1982-01-26 Texaco Development Corporation Focus improver and solar energy collector
US4347834A (en) * 1980-11-28 1982-09-07 York Bernard H Variable entropy solar energy harvester
US4359265A (en) * 1980-01-18 1982-11-16 University Patents, Inc. Controlled directional scattering cavity for tubular absorbers
US4505551A (en) * 1977-03-10 1985-03-19 Transamerica Delaval Inc. Illumination and light gate utilization methods and apparatus
US4520794A (en) * 1982-03-05 1985-06-04 North American Utility Construction Corporation Solar energy concentrating slat arrangement and collector
US4644933A (en) * 1985-10-28 1987-02-24 Gregory Samuel T Solar system
US5002379A (en) * 1989-04-12 1991-03-26 Murtha R Michael Bypass mirrors
US5020886A (en) * 1988-07-05 1991-06-04 Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Fresnel lens type complex reflection system having a lens function
US5982562A (en) * 1994-05-31 1999-11-09 The Australian National University Of Acton Lenses formed by arrays of reflectors
US6035850A (en) * 1998-01-14 2000-03-14 Deutsches Zentrum Fuer Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. Concentrator for focusing solar radiation
US20020075579A1 (en) * 2000-12-18 2002-06-20 Vasylyev Sergiy Victorovich Apparatus for collecting and converting radiant energy
US6668820B2 (en) * 2001-08-24 2003-12-30 Solargenix Energy Llc Multiple reflector solar concentrators and systems
US7607429B2 (en) * 2001-12-17 2009-10-27 Svv Technology Innovations, Inc. Multistage system for radiant energy flux transformation comprising an array of slat-like reflectors
US20100051015A1 (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-03-04 Ammar Danny F Linear solar energy collection system
US20100051021A1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2010-03-04 Amaton Sa Parabolic trough collector
US20100116321A1 (en) * 2008-06-16 2010-05-13 Joh Young-Suk Apparatus for collecting sunlight
US7763840B2 (en) * 2005-04-07 2010-07-27 Solar Power Solutions, Inc. Radiant energy collector
US20100205963A1 (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-08-19 Ammar Danny F Concentrated solar power generation system with distributed generation
US20110088687A1 (en) * 2009-10-15 2011-04-21 Thomas Kuckelkorn Radiation-selective absorber coating and absorber tube with said radiation-selective absorber coating
US20110303214A1 (en) * 2009-02-28 2011-12-15 Richard Welle Segmented fresnel solar concentrator

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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FR1122344A (fr) * 1955-02-21 1956-09-05 Capteur d'énergie rayonnée
DE10149620A1 (de) * 2001-10-09 2003-04-10 Vetter Ges Fuer Medizinische D Strom-Wärme-Solar-Kollektor

Patent Citations (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1421506A (en) * 1922-07-04 Headlight
US4006971A (en) * 1973-02-16 1977-02-08 Polaroid Corporation Reflective imaging apparatus
US3892476A (en) * 1973-04-18 1975-07-01 Jr Benjamin F Sherman Catoptric system for simultaneous concentration of light, laser, and other type paraxial rays into beams
US3892433A (en) * 1973-09-21 1975-07-01 Martin Marietta Corp Direct solar hydro-electric integrated system and concentrating heliostat for same
US4050444A (en) * 1974-05-22 1977-09-27 Peter William Dolamore Reflective device
US3964464A (en) * 1975-04-08 1976-06-22 Oak Ridge Solar Engineering, Inc. Solar radiation collector and concentrator
US4149521A (en) * 1975-07-24 1979-04-17 Nasa Solar energy collection system
US4022186A (en) * 1975-09-10 1977-05-10 Northrup Jr Leonard L Compound lens solar energy system
US4173213A (en) * 1976-09-15 1979-11-06 Kelly Donald A Solar power system, with high concentration, linear reflective solar panels
US4505551A (en) * 1977-03-10 1985-03-19 Transamerica Delaval Inc. Illumination and light gate utilization methods and apparatus
US4136673A (en) * 1977-07-11 1979-01-30 Escher William J D Multimode solar energy collector and process
US4268168A (en) * 1978-01-05 1981-05-19 Staalkat B.V. Egg candling device
US4312329A (en) * 1978-11-03 1982-01-26 Texaco Development Corporation Focus improver and solar energy collector
US4359265A (en) * 1980-01-18 1982-11-16 University Patents, Inc. Controlled directional scattering cavity for tubular absorbers
US4347834A (en) * 1980-11-28 1982-09-07 York Bernard H Variable entropy solar energy harvester
US4520794A (en) * 1982-03-05 1985-06-04 North American Utility Construction Corporation Solar energy concentrating slat arrangement and collector
US4644933A (en) * 1985-10-28 1987-02-24 Gregory Samuel T Solar system
US5020886A (en) * 1988-07-05 1991-06-04 Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Fresnel lens type complex reflection system having a lens function
US5002379A (en) * 1989-04-12 1991-03-26 Murtha R Michael Bypass mirrors
US5982562A (en) * 1994-05-31 1999-11-09 The Australian National University Of Acton Lenses formed by arrays of reflectors
US6035850A (en) * 1998-01-14 2000-03-14 Deutsches Zentrum Fuer Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. Concentrator for focusing solar radiation
US6971756B2 (en) * 2000-12-18 2005-12-06 Svv Technology Innovations, Inc. Apparatus for collecting and converting radiant energy
US20020075579A1 (en) * 2000-12-18 2002-06-20 Vasylyev Sergiy Victorovich Apparatus for collecting and converting radiant energy
US6668820B2 (en) * 2001-08-24 2003-12-30 Solargenix Energy Llc Multiple reflector solar concentrators and systems
US7607429B2 (en) * 2001-12-17 2009-10-27 Svv Technology Innovations, Inc. Multistage system for radiant energy flux transformation comprising an array of slat-like reflectors
US7763840B2 (en) * 2005-04-07 2010-07-27 Solar Power Solutions, Inc. Radiant energy collector
US20100051021A1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2010-03-04 Amaton Sa Parabolic trough collector
US20100116321A1 (en) * 2008-06-16 2010-05-13 Joh Young-Suk Apparatus for collecting sunlight
US20100051015A1 (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-03-04 Ammar Danny F Linear solar energy collection system
US20100205963A1 (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-08-19 Ammar Danny F Concentrated solar power generation system with distributed generation
US20110303214A1 (en) * 2009-02-28 2011-12-15 Richard Welle Segmented fresnel solar concentrator
US20110088687A1 (en) * 2009-10-15 2011-04-21 Thomas Kuckelkorn Radiation-selective absorber coating and absorber tube with said radiation-selective absorber coating

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8952307B2 (en) 2011-06-08 2015-02-10 Heliofocus Ltd. Spatial structure assemblies
ES2446843A1 (es) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-10 Antonio VARGAS LEÓN Colector solar cilindro parabólico descompuesto
US9442279B2 (en) 2013-08-23 2016-09-13 Jeffrey Michael Citron Open architecture structure for trough shaped solar concentrators

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2401755T3 (es) 2013-04-24
WO2010057884A1 (de) 2010-05-27
EP2347193B1 (de) 2013-01-02
DE102008057868A1 (de) 2010-05-27
EP2347193A1 (de) 2011-07-27
DE102008057868B4 (de) 2015-01-22

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Owner name: DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FUR LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT E.V., GE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PRAHL, CHRISTOPH;REEL/FRAME:026263/0611

Effective date: 20110511

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION