US20090028691A1

US20090028691A1 - Apparatus and method for generating rotational torque utilizing a high velocity jet

Info

Publication number: US20090028691A1
Application number: US11/781,803
Authority: US
Inventors: Tai Huang
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-07-23
Filing date: 2007-07-23
Publication date: 2009-01-29

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for generating rotational torque utilizing a jet stream created by a converging-diverging nozzle within a cylindrical housing wherein the jet stream flows along an internal circumference of said cylindrical housing. Such a high velocity jet stream can be used to drive a rotor within said cylindrical housing to generate the desired torque, which in turn can be used to generate energy.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Technical Field of the Invention
The invention relates in general to an apparatus for generating rotational torque within a cylindrical housing a rotor. More specifically, creating a converging-diverging nozzle on the outer surface of the rotor placed in an inner surface of a cylindrical housing by using specifically designed protrusions on the rotor itself to create a high velocity jet.
2. Description of the Related Art
Throughout history, men have always struggled to generate power and to find an effective way to achieve such a goal. As our society develops and expands, more and more of our lives depend on the continuous delivery of power. One specific type of power is rotational torque, which is the turning power of something that is rotating.
Electricity is one of the major power sources that we depend on in our society today, and very often electricity is generated from a mechanical energy source such as torque, allowing conversion of kinetic energy stored in rotational torque to be converted to electrical energy.
Rotational torque has always been one of the basic methods of power generation and it can come in numerous ways and forms. Many modern day devices such as windmills and dams all utilize turbines that spin around a central axis to generate torque. However, these methods of generating energy are complex and expensive, and most importantly can often be inefficient.
Jet engines, on the other hand offer a very efficient method of generating power by energy through compression of the fluid. A high velocity jet stream is created as a result of the jet engines, generation a high amount of linear thrust. Linear thrust, although powerful, is not efficient in generating usable energy. Consequently, despite its immense efficiency, jet engines fall short in generating usable energy.
Several attempts have been made to combine the efficient power of high velocity jet stream with that of a turbine to create usable rotational torque energy. One of the many examples is the use the high velocity thrust of a jet engine aimed at a turbine blade to generate rotational torque. This method can be seen in jet airplanes utilizing the exhaust from the combustion to turn a turbine that is connected to a compressor at the beginning of the jet engine. However, this method is still flawed because it still utilizes a traditional turbine, consequently still suffers from the lack of efficiency.
Due to the foregoing, it can be seen that there is a need in the art for a simple, effective, efficient, and cost effective way of utilizing jet engine power to create a usable energy in a form such as rotational torque rather than just linear thrust.
Consequently, it would be an advance in the art to provide an apparatus and method that can take advantages of all the benefits of a jet engine without the inefficient drawbacks of a turbine that is perpendicular to the direction of the linear thrust.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To minimize the limitations found in the prior art, and to minimize other limitations that will be apparent upon the reading of the specifications, the present invention provides an apparatus and a method generating rotational torque that will allow the utilization of high velocity jet stream along the circumference of a rotating rotor. When a high velocity jet stream is created along the circumference of a rotating rotor, rotational torque can be generated in a simple, elegant manner that can eliminate the complex machinery often associated with traditional turbine machines used to generate rotational torque.
An apparatus in accordance with the present invention for generating rotational torque comprises of a hollow cylindrical housing, and inlet attached to said hollow cylindrical housing for allowing a flow of fluid into said hollow cylindrical housing, an outlet attached to said hollow cylindrical housing for allowing said flow of fluid out of said hollow cylindrical housing, and a rotor enclosed within said hollow cylindrical housing; wherein said rotor creates a jet stream within said cylindrical housing to accelerate said flow of fluid within said hollow cylindrical housing to accelerate a rotation of said rotor.
An additional apparatus in accordance with the present invention for generating rotational torque comprises of a hollow cylindrical housing, an inlet attached to said hollow cylindrical housing for allowing a fluid into said hollow cylindrical housing, an outlet attached to said hollow cylindrical housing for allowing said flow of fluid out of said hollow cylindrical housing, and a rotor enclosed within said cylindrical housing; wherein said rotor is shaped with a plurality of diametrically opposed protrusions to generate resistance to said flow of fluid creating a jet stream within said hollow cylindrical housing.
A method in accordance with the present invention for generating rotation torque comprises of supplying a flow of fluid into a hollow cylindrical housing through an inlet; wherein said flow of fluid flows along an internal circumference of said hollow cylindrical housing, creating a jet stream within said cylindrical housing to accelerate said flow of fluid within said hollow cylindrical housing, spinning a rotor about the center of said hollow cylindrical housing to generate said rotational torque, and discharging said flow of fluid out of said hollow cylindrical housing through an outlet.
It is an objective of the present invention to generate rotational torque in a simple, efficient, inexpensive, and elegantly manner that is difficult to achieve during traditional turbine technology.
It is another objective of the present invention to generate rotational torque using a high velocity jet stream created within a cylindrical housing to accelerate the flow of said fluid.
It is yet another objective of the present invention to allow the flow of fluid along the internal circumference of said housing to create the high velocity jet stream instead of having the jet stream flowing parallel to the axis of rotation of the fanblade.
It is yet another objective of the present invention to utilize the high kinetic energy of the high velocity jet streams in an efficient manner to generate rotational torque.
It is yet another objective of the present invention to generate rotational torque without the complexities associated with turbines.
It is yet another objective of the present invention to generate rotational torque in a way that eliminates the need of traditional fanblade associated with turbine.
It is yet another objective of the present invention to create the high velocity jet stream using a converging-diverging nozzle.
It is yet another objective of the present invention utilizing a plurality protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor on the rotor to generate force required to create torque using the high velocity jet stream.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Elements in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale in order to enhance their clarity and improve understanding of these various elements and embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, elements that are known to be common and well understood to those in the industry are not depicted in order to provide a clear view of the various embodiments of the invention, thus the drawings are generalized in form in the interest of clarity and conciseness.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the current invention explaining the high velocity jet effect.

FIG. 2 is an additional sectional view of the current invention explaining the high velocity jet with an alternate inlet position.

FIG. 3 is an isometric exploded view of the current invention

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of one embodiment wherein the current invention can be used to generate electricity

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the following discussion that addresses a number of embodiments and applications of the present invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the current invention to show the inner workings of a converging-diverging nozzle creating a high velocity jet stream to generate rotational torque. FIG. 1 shows an inlet 100 and an outlet 102 to facilitate the flow of a fluid. Rotor 104 spins about a central axis of rotation 106 through a shaft 108. The hollow cylindrical housing is comprised of a first chord section 110 with an increased radius on one side and a second chord section 112 with a decreased radius on the other side. Finally, the current invention utilizes a set of diametrically opposed protrusions 114, one of which, working with the first chord section creates a converging-diverging nozzle 116.
Inlet 100 here in this case is connected to the hollow cylindrical housing at the junction between first chord section 110 with an increased radius and second chord section 112 with a decreased radius to provide a flow of fluid into the system. However, inlet 100 can be placed along any section of the hollow cylindrical housing to achieve the same effect without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In an exemplary embodiment, compressed air is used at inlet 100 to supply the fluid necessary for the operation of the current invention. However, numerous other fluids such as water, gas, or any other fluid may be used for the operation of the current invention without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In another exemplary embodiment, hot compressed air can be used at inlet 100, as the converging-diverging nozzle 116 can also be used to convert thermal energy stored in the fluid in heat into additional rotational torque. This heat can come from any source such as a combustion chamber, heating element, or any other source capable of raising the temperature of the fluid without departing from the scope of the present invention. However, inlet 100 can also receive regular compressed fluid that is not heated and still create the desired high velocity jet stream without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Outlet 102 here in the current exemplary embodiment is connected to the hollow cylindrical housing at the other junction between first chord section 110 with an increased radius and second chord section 112 with a decreased radius to provide a flow of fluid out of the system. In another word, outlet 102 is placed on diametrically opposite side of inlet 100. Outlet 102, like inlet 100, can also be placed along any section of the hollow cylindrical housing to achieve the same effect without departing from the scope of the present invention. Outlet 102 in the current embodiment is shown as a straight circular hole; however, outlet 102 can also be in other geometry such as an angled expansion without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Rotor 104 in the current embodiment spins about the central axis of rotation 106, after the converging-diverging nozzle 116 generates enough thrust to push the rotation of rotor 104. The rotation of rotor 104 spins shaft 108 which can be connected to numerous apparatuses that can take advantage of the energy generated. (see FIG. 4) Rotor 104 generally has an outer diameter that is smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical housing to allow the flow of air along the circumference of rotor 104.
Rotor 104, in the current embodiment, is cylindrical in shape with diametrically opposed protrusions 114 along the length of the cylinder to provide the requisite resistance to the flow of fluid, which flows along the circumference of rotor 104 itself. However, rotor 104 can be rectangular, octagonal, hexagonal, or any polygonal shape capable of providing a surface for the flow of fluid without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Rotor 104, as seen in the current embodiment, can be made out of paper cardboard that is sufficient to stand the pressure of the fluid into the system. However, rotor 104 can be made out of aluminum, steel, carbon fiber, composites, or any other material capable of withstanding the pressure of the fluid into the system without deforming without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Central axis of rotation 106, here in the current embodiment serves as the center of both rotor 104 and hollow cylindrical housing; however, central axis of rotation 106 can be off-centered to increase or decrease the converging-diverging nozzle effect without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Shaft 108 in the current embodiment is attached to rotor 104, and spins along with rotor 104 as rotor 104 is driven by the high velocity jet stream within the hollow cylindrical housing. Shaft 108 extends longitudinally beyond the ends of hollow cylindrical housing to allow attachment to another apparatus to utilize such rotational torque energy.
In the current exemplary embodiment, the rotational torque generated by shaft 108 can be used to generate electricity, as electricity is the most common source of energy needed. Rotational torque generated by shaft 108, can also be used to generate other sources of energy such as thermal energy and magnetic energy.
Shaft 108 in the current embodiment is made out of a wooden material for its structural rigidity and light weight characteristics; however, shaft 108 can be made out of steel, aluminum, copper, or any other material capable of providing the requisite structural rigidity without departing from the scope of the present invention. Moreover, although shaft 108 spins most effectively in a cylindrical shape, shaft 108 can be made out of numerous other shapes such as a rectangle, octagon, hexagon, or any other polygonal shape without departing from the scope of the present invention.
First chord section 110 in the current invention has an increased radius to allow a gap to be formed between the first chord section 110 and the diametrically opposed protrusions 114 to create a converging-diverging nozzle 116 that restrict the flow of fluid within that area. Such a restriction will help create a high velocity jet stream to drive the rotation of the rotor 104 and spin shaft 108 by pushing the accelerated flow towards the other diametrically opposed protrusion 114 in contact with second chord section 112 with a decreased radius.
Second chord section 112 in the current invention, as mentioned above, has a decreased radius to eliminate the gap between second chord section 112 and the diametrically opposed protrusions 114. This elimination of the gap impedes the high velocity jet stream flow of fluid, which causes the rotor 104 to spin as the high velocity jet stream pushes against the diametrically opposed protrusions 114.
First chord section 110 covers about half of the circumference of the hollow cylindrical housing, with second chord section 112 with a decreased radius covering the other half. In the current embodiment, first chord section 110 and second chord section 112 are divided at inlet 100 and outlet 102; however, first chord section 110 and second chord section 112 can divide at any two point along the circumference of the hollow cylindrical housing without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Diametrically opposed protrusions 114 are placed at opposite ends of rotor 104 to create a converging-diverging nozzle 116 when rotating past first chord section 110 with an increased radius and impedes the flow of fluid when rotating past second chord section 112 with a decreased radius. In the current exemplary embodiment, rotor 104 contain only two diametrically opposed protrusions 114 to facilitate the high velocity jet stream; however, rotor 104 can contain three equally spaced protrusions, four equally spaced protrusions, or any number of protrusions without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Diametrically opposed protrusions 114, in the current embodiment are placed at diametrically opposite side of the other protrusion to facilitate the most effective high velocity jet stream; however, the diametrically opposed protrusions 114 can technically be placed in any location along the outer circumference of rotor 104 without departing from the scope of the current invention.
In the current exemplary embodiment, diametrically opposed protrusions 114 are made out of the same material as rotor 104 as a single unitary unit. However, diametrically opposed protrusions 114 can be made out of a different material that is capable of forming a converging-diverging nozzle 116 along the first chord section 110 and capable of impeding the flow of air along second chord section 112 without departing from the scope of the present invention. Additionally, diametrically opposed protrusions can also be a separate attachment entity to achieve the same goal instead of being a unitary piece with rotor 104 without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Converging-diverging nozzle 116 is created by the gap generated between diametrically opposed protrusions 114 and first chord section 110 with an increased radius. This gap does not exist between diametrically opposed protrusions 114 and second chord section 112 because of the decreased radius at second chord section 112. This arrangement, however, can be reversed with the converging-diverging nozzle 116 formed at a second chord section 112 with an increased radius while decreasing the radius of first chord section 110 to achieve the same effect without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Although it is preferable to have a symmetrical rotor with identical diametrically opposed protrusions 114 while adjusting the radius of the chord sections 110 and 112 to achieve the converging-diverging nozzle 116; the same converging-diverging nozzle 116 can be created by keeping the radius of the chord sections 110 and 112 constant while varying the size and location of diametrically opposed protrusions 114 without departing from the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the current invention wherein the inlet 202 is placed at a different location along the circumference of the hollow cylindrical housing. Additionally, inlet nozzle 204 is also shown in this alternative embodiment to generate the high velocity jet stream required for the operation of the system instead of at converging diverging nozzle 106 as in the previous embodiment. Inlet nozzle 204 in the current embodiment is a straight circular hole, however, inlet nozzle 204 can be in numerous other geometries such as a conical expansion without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Inlet 202 here, in the current embodiment is placed near outlet 102 instead of being placed at a location furthest away from outlet 102, as shown previously with inlet 100. With inlet 202, the flow of fluid passes into hollow cylindrical housing, and reaches protrusion 114, wherein it encounters a resistance causing the flow of fluid back towards outlet 102. However, because of the resistance created at protrusion 114, the reactionary force from the resistance causes rotor 104 to spin to generate the desired rotational torque.
Inlet nozzle 204 in this alternative embodiment creates the high velocity jet in the system to be introduced into hollow cylindrical cylinder. This inlet nozzle 204 is used to create a high velocity jet by utilizing a converging-diverging effect. As shown in FIG. 2, the fluid entering the system suddenly diverging at inlet nozzle 204 to accelerate the flow of air into hollow cylindrical housing.
Although in this preferred embodiment, inlet 202 is placed ninety degrees away from outlet 102 to achieve maximum efficiency, inlet 202 can be placed anywhere along first chord section 110 or second chord section 112 without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Turning now to FIG. 3, it shows a three dimensional view of the current invention showing the connection between rotor 104 and hollow cylindrical housing 302. This figure gives a better view of the current invention, explaining how the components fit together. One additional component shown in FIG. 3 is the flap 302 attached to each end of rotor 104, and a hollow cylindrical housing 300 containing end plate 304.
Hollow cylindrical housing 300 in the current invention creates a housing to support rotor 104, and provide an area of rotation for rotor 104. As shown in the current preferred embodiment, hollow cylindrical housing 300 consists of a first chord section 110 with an increased radius and a second chord section 112 with a decreased radius as shown above in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 to facilitate the high velocity jet stream effect.
In the current exemplary embodiment hollow cylindrical housing 300 is made out of a metal type material for its structural rigidity in maintaining a rotational circumference for the flow of fluid into the system. However, hollow cylindrical housing 300 can be made out of cardboard, wood, aluminum, or any other type of material capable of providing the requisite structural rigidity without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Rotor 104 slides in and out of hollow cylindrical housing 300 to complete the current invention to generate rotational torque energy. Flap 302 in the current invention is used to serve as a rotational guide for rotor 104 enclosed within the hollow cylindrical housing 300. Flap 302 are attached to each end of rotor 104, and serve to provide some barrier for enclosing the flow of air within hollow cylindrical housing 300. Additionally, flap 302 also serves as a rotational stabilizer to guide rotor 104 when it spins within cylindrical housing 300. Flap 302, although helpful in providing stability through operation, is not necessary to the operation of the current invention, and could be eliminated without departing from the scope of the present invention.
End plate 304 serves as an essential element of the current invention in creating the necessary seal for hollow cylindrical housing 300 by being connected at both open ends of hollow cylindrical housing 300. End plate 304 is shown in the current embodiment without a center hole, however, a center hole 306 is drilled to accommodate shaft 108 without departing from the scope of the current invention. Moreover, in the current exemplary embodiment, an end plate 304 is required at both openings of hollow cylindrical housing 300, although only one is shown in FIG. 3 for demonstrative purposes.
End plate 304 in the current embodiment is made out of the same metallic material as hollow cylindrical housing 300, and is removably attached to hollow cylindrical housing to form the requisite seal indicated above. However, end plate 304 can be made out of copper, aluminum, composite or any other material capable of forming a seal with hollow cylindrical housing 300 without departing from the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a system diagram of one embodiment of the current invention wherein the current invention could be used to generate electricity using a generator. FIG. 4 shows the current invention of a jet motor 410 displaced between inlet 100 and outlet 102. Additionally, a starter 402 is added to the system to start the compressor 406 to allow compressed air to be introduced into the system from compressor inlet 404. A heater 408 is also added to the system in this current embodiment to generate additional energy to be used in the jet motor 410. Finally, a generator 412 is attached to shaft 108 of the jet motor 410 to generate electrical energy.
Starter 402 in this current exemplary embodiment is used to start off the compressor 406 during the beginning of the operation cycle. Once the cycle has been started, the starter 402 is no longer needed, as shaft 108 connected to jet motor 410 is also connected to the compressor 406, of which some of the rotational torque generated can be used to drive compressor 406.
Starter 402 in the current embodiment is connected directly to shaft 108, however, starter 406 can be connected to shaft 108 using a system of gears and pulleys without departing from the scope of the present invention. Although starter 406 is important to the operation of the current invention, it can be eliminated from the system without departing from the scope of the current invention.
Compressor inlet 404 in the current embodiment is placed before compressor 406, which draws in ambient air from compressor inlet 404 in order to compress the air passing through to jet motor 410.
Compressor 406 in the current embodiment can utilize any numerous methods of compression, including but not limited to turbines and venture valves, or any other device capable of compression air without departing from the scope of the present invention. In the current exemplary embodiment, compressor 406 is connected directly to shaft 108, however, compressor 406 can be connected to shaft 108 using a system of gears and pulleys without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Heater 408 in this exemplary embodiment raises the temperature of the air before it enters the jet motor 410 in order to create more potential energy stored in the heat to be converted to rotational torque within jet motor 410. Heater 408, in the current exemplary embodiment can be a combustion chamber; however, heater 408 can also be a electrical heater, a gas heater, or any other device capable of generating heat without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Heater 408 in the system increases the efficiency of the system by generating more rotational energy than the energy that is required to generate the heat. Although heater 408 is existent in this preferred embodiment of the application of the current invention, heater 408 can be eliminated from the current system without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Jet motor 410 in the current exemplary embodiment is the essence of the current invention, and uses the jet motor effect to create a jet stream within the hollow cylindrical housing 300 to drive shaft 108, which generates rotational torque. This rotational torque can be used to drive compressor 406 as well as generator 412 to create the necessary electricity.
Generator 412 in the current exemplary embodiment utilizes the rotational torque generated by jet motor 410 transferred through shaft 108. This rotational energy can be used by generator 412 to generate electricity. Generator 412 converts kinetic energy to electrical energy using electromagnetic induction. The rotational torque generated by shaft 108 is not limited to be used by a generator 412 to generate electricity, but can also be used to drive other machinery that utilizes rotational torque such as a drive train without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In the current exemplary embodiment, generator 412 is connected directly to shaft 108, however, generator 412 can be connected to shaft 108 using a system of gears and pulleys without departing from the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the current invention wherein hollow cylindrical housing is replaced with a hollow rectangular housing 500, requiring rectangular end plate 504 to be attached to the ends, each having a center hole 506 to accommodate shaft 118.
FIG. 5 in this angle allows a better view of the difference in diameter between first chord section 110 with an increased radius to allow the formation of a converging-diverging nozzle 116 as shown in previous figures. Additionally, second chord section 112 with a decreased radius is also shown in this current exemplary embodiment to eliminate the converging-diverging nozzle 116, thus allowing rotation of rotor 104.
As shown in the current exemplary embodiment in FIG. 5, inlet 202 is used, as shown previously in the two dimensional FIG. 2 indicating an alternative position for the inlet 202 to enter into the hollow rectangular housing 500. Here, inlet 202 is shown to be placed near outlet 102 instead of at the opposite end like inlet 100 shown in FIG. 1. As explained above, in this exemplary embodiment, the flow of fluid passes into hollow rectangular housing 500 reaches protrusion 114, wherein it encounters a resistance causing the flow of fluid back towards outlet 102. However, because of the resistance created at protrusion 114, the reactionary force from the resistance causes rotor 104 to spin to generate the desired rotational torque.
Hollow rectangular housing 500 in the current exemplary embodiment is similar to hollow cylindrical housing 300, in that it provides a circular internal opening to enclose rotor 104. Hollow rectangular housing 500 can be rectangular, or circular, or any other shape that is capable of creating a circular internal opening to accommodate said rotor 104 without departing from the scope of the present invention.
End plates 504 in the current exemplary embodiment serves the same purpose as end plates 304 in FIG. 3, but differ in shape to accommodate the change the hollow rectangular housing 500. End plates 504 serves to create a seal to the system, thus preventing air to escape from within said hollow rectangular housing 500.
Center hole 506 in the current exemplary embodiment serves the same purpose as center hole 306 in allowing shaft 108 to extrude out of the system in order to transfer the rotational torque to an additional apparatus such as compressor 406 or a generator 412 as shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of the current invention wherein channels 602 are used to generate the converging diverging nozzle 116 effect, while introducing prominences 604 along second chord section 112 to create the requisite seal within hollow rectangular housing 500.
Channels 602 in the current alternative embodiment replace protrusions 114 to create a high velocity jet. Channels 602 still create a diverging-converging nozzle. However, with the introduction of channel 602, the first chord section 110 and second chord section 112 no longer needs to have different diameters, allowing a uniform hollow housing for rotor 104.
In the current alternative embodiment, the channels 602 vary in size along rotor 104 to allow the generation of the converging diverging nozzle 116 is would be generated if protrusions 114 were used. The shown carving although uses gradual radial changes to create the high velocity jet, can also take the shape of numerous other designs without departing from the scope of the present invention so long as it is capable of creating said high velocity jet.
Prominence 604 here in the current embodiment is located along second chord section 112 to create an obstruction to the flow of air past second chord section 112. The prominences 604 work in conjunction to fit within the channels 602 as channels 602 pass through a specific section of the second chord section 112.
Numerous characteristics and advantages of the invention have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with details of the structure and function of the invention, and the novel features thereof are pointed out in appended claims. The disclosure, however, is illustrative only, and changes may be made in detail, especially, in matters of shape, size and arrangement of parts, materials and the combination thereof within the principle of the invention, to the full extend indicated by the broad general meaning of the terms in which the appended claims are expressed.

Claims

1. An apparatus for generating a rotational torque comprising:

a hollow housing;

an inlet attached to said hollow housing for allowing a flow of fluid into said hollow housing;

an outlet attached to said hollow housing for allowing said flow of fluid out of said hollow housing; and

a rotor enclosed within said hollow housing;

wherein said rotor creates a jet stream within said cylindrical housing to accelerate said flow of fluid within said hollow housing to rotate said rotor.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said jet stream flows along an internal circumference of said hollow housing.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said rotor is shaped with a plurality protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor to generate a resistance to said flow of fluid creating said jet stream within said hollow housing.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein said hollow housing contains a first chord section with an increased radius to create a gap between said plurality protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor and the inner diameter of said hollow housing to create said jet stream.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said gap between said plurality of cylindrically opposed protrusions and the inner diameter of said hollow housing creates a converging-diverging nozzle accelerating a velocity of said jet stream.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein said plurality protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor come in contact with a second chord section with a decreased radius to eliminate said gap between said plurality protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor and the inner diameter of said hollow housing.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said plurality of protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor are placed in a diametrically opposite location.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said flow of fluid is heated to increase said rotation of said rotor by increasing said velocity of said jet stream.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein said inlet and said outlet are positioned at diametrically opposite ends of said hollow housing.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein said inlet and said outlet are positioned at the same end of said hollow housing.

11. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said rotor has a channel along the outer circumference of said rotor to alter said flow of fluid, creating said jet stream within said hollow housing.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said flow of fluid across said channel creates a converging-diverging nozzle accelerating a velocity of said jet stream.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein a prominence is placed along the inner surfaces of said hollow housing to eliminate said gap at said second chord section.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said channel is placed along the outer circumference of said rotor are placed in a diametrically opposite location.

15. A method for generating a rotational torque comprising:

supplying a flow of fluid into a hollow housing through an inlet;

wherein said flow of fluid flows along an internal circumference of said hollow housing;

creating a jet stream within said cylindrical housing to accelerate said flow of fluid within said hollow housing,

spinning a rotor about the center of said hollow housing to generate said rotational torque;

discharging said flow of fluid out of said hollow housing through an outlet.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein said rotor is shaped with a plurality protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor to generate a resistance to said flow of fluid creating said jet stream within said hollow housing.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

creating a gap at a first cord section of said hollow housing between said plurality protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor and the inner diameter of said hollow housing to create said jet stream by increasing a radius of said hollow housing.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

creating a converging-diverging nozzle at said gap between said plurality protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor and the inner diameter of said hollow housing that accelerates a velocity of said jet stream.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:

eliminating said gap at a second cord section between said plurality protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor and the inner diameter of said hollow housing by decreasing said radius of said hollow housing.

20. The method of claim 19 wherein said plurality of protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor are placed in a diametrically opposite location.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:

heating said flow of fluid into said inlet to increase said rotation of said rotor by increasing said velocity of jet stream.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein said inlet and said outlet are positioned at opposite ends of said hollow housing.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein said inlet and said outlet are positioned at the same end of said hollow housing.

24. The method of claim 15, wherein said rotor is shaped with channels along the outer circumference of said rotor to alter said flow of fluid, creating said jet stream within said hollow housing.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein said flow of fluid across said channel creates a converging-diverging nozzle accelerating a velocity of said jet stream.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein a prominence is placed along the inner surfaces of said hollow housing to eliminate said gap at said second chord section.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein said channel is placed along the outer circumference of said rotor are placed in a diametrically opposite location.

28. An apparatus for generating rotational torque comprising:

a hollow housing;

a rotor enclosed within said cylindrical housing;

wherein said rotor is shaped with a plurality protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor to generate a resistance to said flow of fluid creating a jet stream within said hollow housing.

29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein said jet stream within said hollow housing is created by a converging-diverging nozzle accelerating a velocity of said jet stream.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein said converging-diverging nozzle is a gap comprising:

a plurality protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor on said rotor, and

a first chord section with an increased radius on said hollow housing.

31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein said jet stream flows along an internal circumference of said hollow housing.

32. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein said plurality of protrusions placed along the outer circumference of said rotor are placed in a diametrically opposite location.