US1764712A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

.Fume E7, H93@ w. A. BRACKET-n' El' AL PUMP Filed Oct. 24, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l a, bw

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June i7, 1930?. w. A. BRACKETT El' AL PUMP Filed Oct. 24', 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 V 110 eluded.

Patented June 17, 1930 vUNITI-:Dfsjmirias A1.. 'ri=.`1\1i' *OFFICE wiLLBY ALLEN BnAcxE'rT AND WILLIAM EDWARD RICHARD, or EvAN'svILLE,

INDIANA; ASSIGNOBS TO SUNBEAM ELECTRIC MANUFACIIURDVG COMPANY, OF EVANSVILLE, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF INDIANA PUMP Application lled October 24, 1927. Serial No. 228,141. A

Our invention relates to pumps4 and has particular' relation to reciprocating iuid pumps.

One object of our invention is to providea reciprocating fluid pump that 'is adapted t0 be integrally associated with an internal vcombustion engine, or other prime mover, and that shall' be so constructed that the leakage of the fluid to be pumped is pre- One application to which a pump embody-- ing our invention is peculiarly adapted is that of an auxiliarypump associated with an `internal combustionengine for the purpose of supplying liquid fuel to the engine. In such installations, it is important for the pump to be so constructed that there will be no leakage of the liquid fuel either outsidethe engine or into the crank-case of the engine to dilute the lubricating fluid therein.I Our invention is adapted to numerous other applications, such, for example, as refrigerating machines and the like. Accordingly, we cite this particular application merely by way of example, and do not wish our invention to be limited in this respect.

Further objects and advantages of our invention will appear from a consideration of the following detailed description in connection with the accompanying drawings', in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view s howingour inventionl as Vapplied to an internal combustion engine or other machine;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken at right angles to the section of Fig. I1, along the line 4II---II of that figure;

F =ig. 3 is a sectional viewcorrespond1n g to 4o the view of-Fig. 1 and showing a modified form of our invention; and Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken at right angles tothe section of Fig. 3, along the line IV-IV of that figure. Referr to the drawings, in which like referenceuaracters indicate like parts, and first to Figs. 1 and 2, a pump embodying our invention is included within a housing 10 that is adapted to be vsecured to the main 5o body portion 11 of an internal combustion engine, or other machine, by means of screws l 12. The housing 10 also encloses an actuating mechanism such as a portion of a cam shaft 13 and driving gears 14 and 15 therefor. '.,lhe housing 10 col-operates with the main portion. 11 of the machine to form a chamber 16 to which lubricatingiluid may be supplied in any suitable and well known manner for the purpose of'lubricating the gears 14 and 15.v f

A piston 17, is disposed Within a cylinder bore 18 in the lower portion of the housing 10 and is biased upwardly by a compression spring 19 which-co-acts between the lower extremity 'of the piston 17 and an annular shoulder portion 20 that is disposed at the lower extremity of the cylinder bore 18. A cam member 21, which is shown as a cylindrical member, is eccentrically mounted en the cam-shaft 13 and is fixed in position with Irespect thereto by a key 22. The .cam 21 is disposed directly above the piston 17 and is adapted to engage the upper extremity thereof to reciprocate the piston 17 within the Icylinder bore 18 in accordance with the rotation 'of the cam-shaft 13.

A base member 23 is secured to the lower surface of the housing 10 by cap-screws 24.- and is spaced therefrom by gaskets 25 and 26 and a diaphragm 27. The' gaskets 25 and 26 are of pliable materiahsuch as rubber or theflike. The ndiaphragm `27 is of any suitable iiexible material and is disposed between the gaskets 25 and 26 to provide a chamber 28 between said diaphragm and the lbottom surface of the housing 10 and a chamber 29 between said diaphragm and the base member 23. The chamber 28 is in direct communication with the ,lower end of the cylinder bore V18 and is adapted to be 120 filled with lubricating fluid from the champist-on 1,7 `when the latter is in itsupperl most position, but will be wholly closed by the iston lwhen the latter is actuated downwardlya short distance from its uppermost position.

The base member 23-comprises a downwardly projecting portion 31 having out wardly extending portions 32 and 33 at either side thereof. The portions 32 and 33 include passageways 34y and 35, respectively, which extend to the chamber 29. A conduit 36 is suitably connected to the outer extremity of the extended portion 32 in operative relation to the passageway 34 for the purpose of supplying fluid to be pumped to the cham-I ber 29. A ball check-valve 37 is disposed in the passageway 34 to permit the fiuid to be pumped to flow into the chamber 29 from -the conduit 36, but to prevent a reversal of such flow. The passageway 35 includes a similar check-valve 38, that is l#adapted to permit fluid to be pumped from the chamber 29 through the passageway 35 to a conduit cylinder4f bore 18 by reason-of the fact that t e port 30 is uncovered each time that thev piston 17 attains its uppermost position. When the piston 17 is actuated downwardly from thissition, the port 30 is closed thereby an pressure is exerted u on the predetermined quantity of lubricatin fluid. in the chamber 28 and the lower portion of the cylinder bore 18 in response to the further downward actuation, of the piston 17 This 45 pressure is transmitted uniformly to the upper@ surface of the flexible. diaphragm 27 to flex the same downwardly. Assuming that the chamber 29 is filled with the fluid to be pumped,.by reason of previous actuation of the pump or suitable primin the downward flexing of the diaphragm 2 will 'exert pressure upon this body of fiuid'V to cause aI portion thereof tof be forced out of the chamber 29 through the passageway 35, the check-valve 38 and the conduit 39 to a suitable reservoir or container.(not shown) to which the fluid is to be supplied.

As the piston 17 is actuated upwardly by the force of the spring 19, after being actulated to its lowermost position by the cam 21, the diaphragm 27 returns to its normal position, as shown in the drawing, by'reason of its inherent flexibility andthe decrease in ressure applied to the upper surface thereof y reason of the retraction of the piston 17 inthe cylinder bore 18. The pressure exerted yupon the fluid within thechamber 29 is thus decreased to causethe check-valve 38 to be closed and the check-valve 37 to be opened. When the lattery valve is opened, a

quantity of the fluid to be pumped is drawn into the chamber 29 from asuitable source or reservoir (not shown) through theiconduit 36,.'the passageway 34 and the valve 37.

Thus, it will be seen that a predetermined quantity of the fluid to be pumped willbe drawn into the, chamber 29 with each upward stroke of the piston 17 and that a like quantity will be forced out of the chamber 29 in response to each downward stroke of the piston 17. The fluid is thus transferred from the source to which the conduit 36 is .connected to the reservoirV or container to which the conduit'39 extends as long/ as reciprocation of the piston 17 is maintained by reason of the continued rotation of the cam-shaft 13. v

Theoperation ofthis pump is effected without utilizing any mechanical connection to the diaphragm 27. The resilient mounting of the diaphragm 27 between the pliable gaskets and 26 together with the'. method of flexing the diaphragm 27 by fluid presy /ency orpliability, as above described, and

they are designated as gaskets simply for convenience in terminology, which isen tirely proper because they are made 1n the form of gaskets and also perform the usual leak-preventing function bf gaskets. The method of admitting actuating fluid tothe lower portion of the cylinder bore 18 and to the chamber 28 is such that the volume of liquid so admitted is maintained exactly constant by reason of the fact that the port is opened and closed each time that the piston\17 .is reciprocated. Thus, the same degree of pressure is applied to the dia phragm 27 inrelsponse to each downward stroke cof the piston 17.

Since the chamber containing the fluid to be pumped is entirely vseparated from the piston and cylinder parts of the lpump by 'the diaphragm 27, it is impossible for this fluid to become mixed with tle lubricating fluid to effect dilution thereof. This feature is of great importance where the pump is utilized to supplyvv liquid fuel to .an enine and where the lubricating li uid that is supplied to the moving parts o the engine is utilized for actuating lthe diaphragm..

The piston 17 is amply lubricatedat all times by reason of the fact that the lower extremity thereof is surrounded by the lubricating fluid. Y

The modified forni of our invention shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings,- comprises a housing 10a that is secured to the main body portion -11 of the engine, or other vmachine, bygcap-screws 12, in the same manner that the housing 10 of the machine shown'in Figs.- 1 and 2 of the drawingsv isl so connected. The cam-shaft 13, gears 14 and 15, and the chamber 16 are all arranged in similar manner 'to corresponding parts of the device shown in Figs. 1` and l 2. A piston 17a is disposed 'within a cylinder bore 18 and is adapted to operate 41 to the bottom of the housin directly upon the fluid to be pumped withcut the interpo'sition of a diaphragm. The

piston 17a is biased upwardly into operative engagement with the cam 21lby a compression spring 19, which'is operatively disposed between the bottom ofthe piston 17- and the top of an upwardly extending portion 40a" of a closure member 40 at the lower endgof the cylinder bore 18a.

The member 40 is secured by cap-screws 10a and includes, in its upwardly'. exten in portion 40a, a vertical passageway 42 an a transverse passageway 43 communicating with ythe passageway 42 through a ball checkvalve 44. A passageway 45 in the wall of way 52 extends through the wall of 'A .the cyllnder bore 18a and serves to conthe cylinder bore 18a near the lower extremitythereof connectsr the passageway 43 with a passageway 46 in an outwardly extending portion 47 of the housing 10a. A conduit 36 is connected to the other extremity of the extended portion 47 inoperative relation to the passageway 46 for the purpose of supplying the fluid to be pumped to the cylinder bore 18a. A strainer 48 is disposed within the passageway 46 for the purpose of preventing solid particles from being carried into the pump.

An outwardly extending portion 49 of the housing 10a includes a passageway 50 communicating at its inner extremity with the cylinder bore 18a, and connected at its outer extremity to a conduit 39 through a check valve 38a.

The piston 17a comprises an intermediatereduced diameter portion 17b which forms an annular cavity 51 within the upper portlonof the cylinder bore 18a. A passageneet the cavity 51 with the upper extrem- 1ty of a vertical passageway 53, which epitends downwardly to communicate with the passageway-s 45 and 45. Afii'cap-screw 54 1s dlsposed Within the outer end of the passageway 52 to constitute a closure therefor and to support a pin 55 that extends inerates directly upon the fluid to pumped'- to transfer the same from the source (not shown), to which. the `conduit 36 is con- QneCted, to the reservoir (not shown), to which the conduit 39,extends. This operation corresponds in every respect to that of any ordinary reciprocating pump. Lubri-` /cating fluid is supplied to the interior of L the cylinder bore 18a from the interior of v the housing 10, wherein such lubricant is suppliedy to the gears` 14 and 1,5 in any well known manner. The essential feature of this modification of our invention isv the method of construction whereby leakage of fluid-to be pumped into the interior of the 'housing 10 isprevented. This result is ac- Any fluid which escapes from the inder bore 18aL past the walls of the piston 1 7a is collected in the cavity 51 which is i connected by the passageways -52'and 53 to the intake passage-way 45 of the pump. Since the pump effects a reduction in pressure in this passageway, any fluid which collects in the cavity is immediately drawn backvinto the intake portion of the pump, thereby preventing such fluid from escaping into the interior 'of the housing 10a to dilute the lubricating fluid therein. The reduced pressure or partial vacuum maintained in the cavity 51 by reasonoffits con- 'nection with the intake portion of the pump also causes a certain amount of lubricating fluid to be drawn into the cylinder bore 18a. from the interior of the housing 10a'to effect lubrication of the piston 17a.

While we khave shownonly certain specific embodiments of our invention, it will be seen that various modifications. and changes may be made in the details of construction thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of our invention, as set forth in the appended claims. A

lVe claim' as our invention: 1. The combination with an internal combustion engine .having a cam-shaft, actuating mechanism therefor vand a housing forV said actuating mechanism adapted to be secured to the body of the engine, of an bore provided in an integral portion of said housing, a cylindrical cam eccentrically chambers, a' flexible diaphragm arranged to pressure to said bodyof actuating fluid and mounted on said cam-shaft,Y a compression spring co-aeting between a portion of said -housing and' said piston to bias the latter vent the flow of fluid therethroughin the reverse of iiorinal direction.

2. A fluid pump comprising two fluid separate said fluid chambers, means for conducting the fluid to be pumped to and from one of said chambers, a body of actuating fluid disposed within the other of said chambers means comprising a pistonreciprocable within a cylinder bore connected with said last-mentioned chamber lfor @periodically applying pressure to said body of r'actuating fluid and means located above the levell of the major portion of said last- 'mentioned chamber for supplying actuating fluid thereto, whereby the volume of said body of actuating fluid is maintained' at an invariable predetermined value throughout the effective reciprocations of said piston.

3. A fluid pump comprising two fluidchambers, a flexible diaphragm arranged to separate said fluid chambers, meansfor conducting the fluid to be pumped to and from one of said chambers, a body of actuating fluid disposed Within the other of said chambers, means comprising a cylinder having a bore connected with said last-mentioned chamber and a piston reciprocable within said cylinder bore for periodically applying means including a port opening into said cylinder bore and controlled in effectiveness by said piston for maintaining the volume of ,said body of actuating fluid at an invariable predetermined value throughout the effective reciprocations of said piston, the major portion of said last-mentioned chamber being located below the level of said port.

4. A fluid. pump comprising two fluid chambers, a flexible diaphragm arranged to separate said fluid chambers, means for conducting tlie fluid to be pumped to and fromi one of said chambers, a body of actuating fluid disposed withinthe other of said'chambei's, means comprising ac linder having a bore connected with saidy last-mentioned chamber and a vpiston reciprocable within said cylinder bore for periodically applying pressure to said body of actuating fluid, a body of fluid. disposed within a third chainbe r and means including a port connecting said third chamber and said cylinder bore and controlled in effectiveness by said piston formaintaining the volume of said bodyof actuating fluid within said second-mentioned chamber at an invariable predetermined value .throughout the ieffective reciprocations ofsaid piston, the major portion of said second-mentioned chamber being located below the level of said port.

5. The combination with an internal coinbustion engine having a cam-shaft, actuating mechanism therefor and a housing for said actuating-mechanism adapted'to be secured to thebody of the engine to form a reservoir for lubricating fluid for said mechanism, said housing having a cylinder bore and a port connecting said bore and said reservoir therein, of an auxiliary fluid pump comprising a piston disposed within said bore, means co-acting between the cam-shaft and said piston for reciprocating the latter. to open and close said port alternately and means including a flexible separating diaphragm forming two chambers, one of said chambers being connected with said cylinder bore whereby it isl.filled with lubricating fluid from said reservoir through said port to cause said diaphragm to be flexed in accordance with the reciprocations of said piston,

and the otherof said chambers being proi vided with any inlet conduit for conducting the. fluid to be pumpedinto said chamber when the diaphragm is flexed in one direction and an outlet conduit for conducting said fluid away from said chamber when the diaphragm is flexed in the opposite direction.

6. In an internal combustion engine including al cam-shaft and driving means therefor, a housing for said cam-shaft-driving means and an auxiliary fluid pump built into the same.' f

7. Invan internal coi'nbustion engine including a cam-shaft and driving means therefor, aremovable housing for said camshaft-driving means and anauxiliai'y fluid pump built into the same to be removable therewith. l-

8. In an internal combustion engine including a cam-shaft and driving meansv therefor, a housing for said cam-shaft-driving means and an auxiliary fluid pump of the pulsating diaphragm type built into the same and adapted to contain fluid lubricant for said driving means, said fluid lubricant also serving as the pulsating medium for the vdiaphragm of said pump. Y y

In witness whereof, We have hereunto subscribed our names.

WELLBY ALLEN BRAGKETT.

WILLIAM EDWARD RICHARD.

iso I

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