US1672115A - Fireplace - Google Patents

Description

June 5, 1928.

J. L. DAVIE FIREPLACE Fne'd June 15, 1925 JOHN INVENTOR .DAVIE.

ATTORNEY Patented June 5, 1928. 1

UNITE of states JOHN 1.. mm; or mxmnncimcnmx Applicatlbn filed hine-13; 1925. Serial no. --3e,s77.'

My invention-is a "fire place having means to automatically regulate the chimney draft in accordance with the heat of' the fire in the hearth.

Some of the objects of my invention are to prevent the smoking of fire pl'aces and thus filling fthe room-with smoke 'andals'd'to preventan excess of air'bingumwn -fr'em the room and'car'riedmp"a chi1iiiiey,'thereby'wasting the heatintheroomI Another object of my invention is to mai ntain a steady draft independent to a certain' -extent of the fire 'in the hearth. I' may' alSo prG- vide a damper which may be utiliz'ed but-in practice it is practically not necessary.

My inventioninbrief com'pris'e'si a.- fire place' having a hearth with a relativl ymarrowneck or passage leading' to-"thechimney or smoke flueand"situatedacrossthe neck and provided with a perf'or'at'ed pipe-which draws air from the outside "of the-building or another room. The fire pla'ce is preferably-made with a: curved rear wallso that the heat will be refiectedoutwardly 'to better advantage andtlie perforated pipe is directly in the patliof the "products 'ofco'ma bustion as well as the radiated heat from'the fire, This heats the pipfe to a high "degree, heating the air therein and" causingit to flow out of the perforations ari'd up the chimney. As'the air"*passes' througli the pipe the cold air from" out of door sis drawn in. It is well knownthat-in"most fire plaees, especially those designed to burn wood in the form of logs, that practically all the combustion takes place on the hearth and that there are no inflammable gases which reach the neck of the hearth. With my arrangement of perforated pipe the exhausted air utilized in the combustion of the fuel and the smoke therefrom is substantially all the air drawn from the room to pass up the chimney, as surplus air is drawn from an exterior source through the pipe and into the chimney for properly maintaining the draft. With my construction it is usually not necessary to use a damper in the neck of the fire-place leading into the smoke fine or chimney.

My invention may likewise be applied to stoves and furnaces in which cold air from outside is led into a perforated pipe situated in the stove or furnace adjacent the smoke pipe so that as the pipe becomes heated more air will be drawn from the outside and pass up the chimney and'thereby lessen the excess amount of air which is 1 usually drawn through the stove beyond that required for combustion.

Y M'y inventionin its several aspects will be more readily understood from the fol lowing-description and drawings in which; 3

Figure'l is a front elevation of a fire place indicating the perforatedair pipe situated therein.

Figure 2 -is a vertica-li section of Figure 1 as" if taken on the '-line--22'of Figuralshowing 'the hearth and the '?'back 'wallof the fire place, the smoke flue or chimney, with the perforated air pipe situated at the neck of'the-fire-place.'--

Figure 31s a plan-'of' my improved. fireplac'eona reduced scale indicating the usual relations of'the fire-place and chimney to the wall. 1 I

Referring articularlyl to Figures '1, 2, and 3,-the"fire"-p ace is designated generally "by thenum'e'ral 1 and is constructed with'a hearth 2 and curved rear wall 3 and side Walls or pilasters 4. The cap of the fire.-

place 5 is preferably supported bynan angle iron 61in the usualmanner: A chimney ofthe usual construction" is connectedwith the fireplaceibya narrow neck'8 whichmay be" madequite-small from' frontto back. The smoke flue 9 leading tothe chimneylis preferably tapered in" the usual manner. The lower portion of the chimney may be provided --with T a soot Ecatchin-g; shelf 10 or this can be curved toconnect" with the neck of the fire place if desired.

A pipe 14 having perforations 15 is placed across the chimney and situated in the neck or passage between the hearth and the chim- This pipe preferably leads outside of ney.

the hearth wall and extends from said hearth on the outside of the building as indicated at 16 so that air may be drawn entirely from the outside of the building to enter the pipe and pass out the chimney as herein described. A pair of dampers 17 one of which is shown in Figure 1 will preferably be placed on opposite sides of the fire-place in order to shut off the perforated pipeor vary the opening therefrom. It is manifest that the pipe may lead to any suitable place for the air inlet thereto.

The chimney ordinarily is equipped with a damper (not shown), the operating means being shown as a chain and ball, indicated The manner of operation of my fire place is substantially as follows: When a fire is properly burning on thehearth such as a fire of logs, the air to cause combustion, is, of course, drawn directly from the room, and

usually from along the floor. There is such an excess of air that the fuel is either completely burnt Without formation of smoke or combustible gases or else the combustible gases are chilled to such an extent by the inrush of air that they do not ignite and pass up the chimney. .As. the perforated pipe becomes heated the air in the'pipe expands and passes up the chimney, being aided of course by the draft of the combustion and cold. air is drawn into the pipe. The hotter the fire, the greater the heating of the perforated pipe, both by the heated gases and air striking the pipe and by radiated heat from the fuel-which'causes a more rapid flow of air from the outside through the pipe and up the chimney.

The perforated pipe also functions in first lighting a fire by quickly becoming heated in start ng a flow of warm air up the chimney, and therebyto a greatextent eliminating the smokingof the fire place in lighting it. As it is always necessary to make the cross section of the chimney larger than the cross section should be under ideal conditions there is. usually a large amount of Warm air drawn from the room; through the chimney. This is practically eliminated by my construction as the cold air from outside is drawn intothe pipe becomes heated and rises through the chimney. .This circulation of air preventsthewarm air from being exhausted from the room but still allows sufficient air for combustion and gives a better circulation to carrythe smoke up the chimney.

The operation of the perforatedipipe in connection with a stove is on substantially the same principle as in my fire place. That is, the air in the pipe becomes: heated and passes out of the perforations up the chimney, utilizing the air from outside of the room. This prevents an excess of air beyond that required for the combustion from being drawn in to the stove through the draft dampers. Moreover, in burning some types of fuel hot air Will be introduced directly into. the path of hot combustible vapors and cause these to ignite thereby giving out heat ,in the stove and the smoke pipe.

It is manifest that my invention may be considerably modified and utilizedin a more elaborate construction for different types of fire places, stoves or furnaces.

Having described my invention, what I claim is; a

1. In. means of the character set. forth, a fire-place comprising a hearth, side walls anda rear Wall, thefront of the fireplace being open and the space confined bysaid, u allsaffordingan open combustion-chamber, a chimney extending upwardly from the upper portion of said fireplaceand connected with said combustion-chamber by a re stric-tedthroat disposed adjacentthe upper portion of the open front,and a transverse air-pipe disposedabove said combustion,- chamber in said throat and having discharge openings communicating therewith, said pipe being provided with an inletfrom a source exterior toothe room Which contains said fireplace and discharging air into said chimney and thus lessen the capacity of the chimney to draw air from said room.

,2. The means set forth in claim 1, characterized by locating said transverse pipe adjacent the front wall of said restricted throat.

In testimony whereof I alfixmy signature.

. 7 JOHN L DAVIE.v

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