US1607195A - Electric hair drier - Google Patents

Description

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Application filed November 18, 1924. Serial No. 749,691.-

M invention relates to electric hair driers outlet extension 4. Hinged to this extension 65 of t e type where an air stream is supplied at 5 is a. tube'6 having a nozzle 7 which, in by a blower and the air warmed by .causing this instance, is adapted to deflect the air it to ass over and through an electric heatstream 'from the strai ht line of the tube 5 ing e ement. 6 and which may equ'afiy well deflect in di-' One of the disadvantages heretofore found rectlons other than that shown. When not oo in other driers of similar type has been the in use this tube rests upon a holder 8 fixed inability to vary the volume of air and the to'the housing l but when in use the tube is degree ofheat in relation to each other, exswung aboutth'e hinge 5 to form a proloncept within narrow and unsatisfactory gation of the outlet extension 4. i

limits. The assembled ap aratus ismounted upon 65 My invention provides a wide range of an upright or stand iird 9 of common form, variations in air volume and heat in which the mounting being such that free movement one may be changed independently of the is possible in a horizontal plane while the other and where the shutting oil 0 the mohous ng 1 is so mounted that it swings in a tor also stops the flow of current to the heat vertical plane about the axis of the blower 70 ing element so that no damage to that eleshaft. Consequently, the nozzle 7 may be ment or waste of current can result'if the brought .toany position desired while the heating switch should be left on after the machine is in use. motor is stopped. F In the extension 4-is placed the heating Furthermore, the form of m heatmg eleelement 10 which is suitably mounted in con- 7 ment permits of maximum. sur ace with mintactclips held in a support 11 which is wired Q imum frictional resistance and consequently to the switch unit in which are the moto a more effective heating of the air with and-heating switches.

v lower current consumption and motor 021- These switches are conveniently mounted citg, as a unit in a box 12, closed by a cover 13 Ot er advantages and benefits will appear and. supported by a bracket 14 which is in the following description and drawings: placed as. shown so that the switches are Fig. 1 is a slde elevation, with the supwithin easy reach of the operator. The up- 80 ports broken away, of the assembled drier; per switch 15 controls the motor and hasa' Fig. 2 is an end elevation thereof; power lead 16 and motor leads not shown. Fig. 3 is a side view of the heating elment; The switch 17 controls the heating element- Fig. 4 is a vertical section. through the and has concealed leads "to the motor switch su porting tube; 15 and leads 18 to the heating element. As ig. 5 is a top plan view of Fig. 3. stated these switches control the motor v Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of Fig. 3. speed and the heating element independently 9 Fig. 7 is a diagram of the circuits. of each other but being close together, they Fig. 8 is a series of diagrams. of switch provide a great advantage in convenience positions and connections for various operand ease of control. On the cover 13 of the 40 ating conditions. 3 box 12 just described are indicated the vari- In the form which I have selected to ilous switch positions for different speeds and lustrate my drier, I show in Fig. 1 a blower de rees 70f heat, the movement of these housing l in which there is mounted a comswitches being ina clockwise direction for men form of blower connected to a variable successive movements} 7 speed motor 2 having a housing 3 in which The heating element 10 (Figs. 3-6 incl.)

there is an air intakehaving screened openconsists of a hollow supporting tube 20 of ings .19. The blower housing 1 is of'me'tal porcelain or other refractory material havand in one piece and it may include the moin s iders 21 and 22 whlch carry the tertor housing 3 if desirable. By making the mine for the resistance wire and the con blower housing in one piece, Isecure. ater tacts 23; these contacts23 entering corre rigidity and stability which give mar ed inspondmg'chps on the support-11 (F1g." -1) crease in quietness of running and appear as heretofore explained. The supportnig ance to an extent not found elsewhere. vtube 20 carries within it two small msula't Integral with the blower housing 1 is an ing tubes 24 in which are portions 2.5 and 26 of the wire serving as leads between the main resistance coils which are in series. These resistance coils are wrapped about the supporting tube 20 as shown, thus giving a large area in small space, and it will be noted at 10 in Fig. 2 that this heating element gives even distribution of the air stream through the heating element with maximum heating effect and low air resistance. Furthermore-in order to assure the heating element 10 forming the proper contacts in the support 11, one of the arms 2:2 of the spider 22 is made somewhat longer than the others so that it enters a guide 22 in the extension 4 (Figs. 1 and 2) and permits of the proper seating of the heating element.

The circuit diagram and switch positions are shownin Figs. 7 and 8. In Fig. 7 the switches 15 and 17 and the motor 2 corre 'spond to similar numbers in Figs. 1 and 2.

The motor switch 15 has, in this case, five contacts, 27, 28, 29, and 31. The contact ,27 is for the incoming current as marked.

Contact 29 is for the slow motor speed and carries the lead 37 to the motor 2 through the two series resistance 38 and 39. Contact 30 is for the medium motor speed and has lead to the motor through the resistance 39. Contact 31 is for the full motor speed and has lead 41 directly to the motor.

Therefore itis seen that switch 15 providesthree difi'erent motor speeds.

, The two switches 15 and 17 are connected by the common lead 32 leading between contacts 28 and 33 respectively so that current to switch 17 feeds throu h switch 15.

The heating switch 17 has three contacts 34, 35 and 36 in addition to the feed contact 33 just mentioned. Contact 34 is for warm air and has lead 42 to the common wire 48 through the three series resistances 43, 44 and 45. Contact 35 is for hot air and has lead 46 to the common wire 48 through the two resistances 44 and while the super-hot contact 36 has lead 47 through resistance 45 to the common wire 48. It is thus seen that switch 17 provides three degrees of heat, de-

pending upon whether three, two or only one unit of resistance is used. Of course, these heating resistances 43, 44 and 45 correspond to the wire arrangement in the heating element shown in Fig. 3.

In the operation of my machine it is clear that air will be drawn into the blower housing through the openings 19, forced over and through the heating element 10 and cut through the tube 6 and nozzle 7. For the control of s eds and heat reference is made to Fig. 8 w ere A, B, C and D are switch ositions for motor control and E, F, G and are switch ositions for heat control. It will be remem red from Fig. 7 that contact 28 of switch 15 and contact .33 of switch 17 are connected by lead 32.

In position A of Fig. 8 there is no junction with contact 27 or any other and consequently no current flows to the motor or to the heating switch. This is the off position. Turning switch 15 to the right-position Bjnnction is made with contacts 27, 28 and 29 and current will flow, as indicated by the dotted lines, to the lead 32 and the heating switch and lead 37 to the resistance 38 and 39 giving the slow motor speed. Similarly in position C by turning switch 15 further in a clockwise direction junction is made between contacts 27, 28 and 30 giving the medium motor speed and in position D by further clockwise turning of switch 15. there is junction between contacts 27, 28 and 31, and the full motor speed. A still further turn brings the switch to the off position A. Therefore there are three motor speeds given by switch 15.

It will be remembered that (1) both motor and heating switches are off in position A and (2) current flows to the heating switch 17 when the motor switch 15'is in position B, C, or I).

The heating switch 17, in position E, is off for there is no junction between any of the contacts, and the air is at cold, or room temperature. In position G there is junction between, the contacts 33 and .34 and consequently current will flow in from lead 32 to lead 42 and the three resistances 43, 44 and 45 and the warm degree of heat results. The next clockwise posit-ion of switch 17- posltion H-joins contacts 33 and 35 giving the hot degree of heatthrongh lead 46 to the two resistances 44 and 45. Likewise further turning of the switch-position M-joins contacts 33 and 36 and lead 47 to resistance 45 and gives the super-hot degree of heat. The next turn of the switch returns it to position E and the heating element is cut out.

It is clear from the foregoing description that the two switches provide three degrees of motor speed and four degrees of heat and that any s eed may be combined with any degree of ieat to produce twelve combinations. For instance three s eeds-B, C and Dmay be combined with a (room temperature) or with each of the higher temperatures of G, H or M. Furthermore the temperature may be varied either by the switch 17 or by keeping this switch constant and varying the volume of air by switch 17 so that I can (1) vary volumealone (2) vary volume and temperature (3) vary volume at constant temperatureor (4) vary temperature at constant volume. This permits of a flexibility of operation beyond that yet ob-' tained and is secured through my use of a two-unit switch convenient y located and one which not only procures the advantages described but also includes the safety factor of preventing current flow to the heating element when the motor is shut ofi thereby avoiding the possibility of damage to that element.

I claim:

1. In an electric hair drier, a motor, means operated by the motor to produce an air stream, a heating element in the path of the air stream, and a double switching mechanism, one part of said mechanism having a plurality of contacts for varying the speed of said motor and the other part of said mechanism havin a plurality of contacts for varying the heat of said heating element, said second named part being independent of said first named part in its operation but capable of operation only upon operation of said first named part.

2. In an electric hair drier, means operated by a motorto produce an air stream aresistance heating element in the path 0 the air stream and a double control switch unit; one of said controls being adapted to regulate the motor speed and the other control being adapted to vary the resistance in said heating element, said second named control being capable of operation only upon operation of said first named control but operable to vary the resistance in the heating elements independently of the motor speed.

3. In an electric hair drier, a switch unit comprising multiple mechanisms, each of said mechanisms having a plurality of contacts, a common connection between all of said mechanisms and one of said mechanisms controlling the current to said connection to render the other mechanism operative or inoperative, said other mechanism being opera le independently of the first named mechanism when current is led from said first named mechanism to said other mechanism.

4. In an electric hair drier, a motor circuit, a heating circuit and a double switch mechanism having a motor circuit control part and a heating circuit control part each having a plurality of contacts, a common connection between the two parts so arranged that said heating circuit is operative only when said motor circuit is in operation, said heating circuit being operative and controllable independently of said motor circuit only when the latter is in operation, to vary the heat supplied from said heating circuit.

'5. In an electric hair drier, a motor and a heating element, a switch unit having a motor control part and a heating element con feed connection from the motor control part to the heating element control part, successive positions of said contacting means in said motor control part giving different motor speeds and current flow through said feed connection, and successive positions of the contacting means in said heating, element control parts giving diflerent degrees of heat regardless. of the motor speed, both motor and heating element being inoperative in the ofi' position of the motor control contacting means.

6. In an electric hair drier, a heating element comprising a hollow tube, supporting arms at the ends thereof carrying terminals for coiled resistance wire helically wound around said tube, and smaller tubes within said. hollow tube to carry straight portions of the resistancewire between the terminals; one of said supporting arms being ofglreater length than the others to form a gui e.

7. In an electric hair drier, a conduit for the air stream, a removable current operated heating element in said conduit and coacting guiding means on said heating element and in said conduit to position said heating element. f

8. In a regulating system for electric hair driers, a motor, means operated by said motor to produce an air stream, a heating ele ment in the path of the air stream, and a double switching mechanism, one part thereof havin a plurality of contacts for varying the spee of the'motor and the other part of said mechanism having a plurality of contacts for varying the heat of said heating elements, said second named part of said switchin mechanism being interdependent on said rst part.

9. In a regulating system for electric hair driers, a motor, means operated by said motor to produce an air stream, a heating element in the path of the air stream, and a double switching mechanism, one part thereof havin a plurality of contacts for varying the spee of the motor and the other part of said mechanism having a plurality of contacts for varying the heat of said heating elements, said second named part of said switching mechanism being interdependenton said first part but independent of said first part in its operation.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my nameto this specification this 10 day of November 1924.

CARL G. GROSS.

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