US1557706A - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

G. F. KNOX COMPRE S SOR Original Filed March 27, 1922 l. lzlg ng which wi riesige oci. 20 .1925.

encuen F. intox,I F mLwAUKm' WISCONSIN. A

COMPRESSOR.

To all 'who/m. it may concern:

Be `it known that I, GEORGE F. KNOX, va

`citizen of the- United States, and resident of yuseful Improvements' in"l Compressors, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying draw'- ings which are a pant of this vspeciication.

lliis invention relates to a iiuid com'- 'pressing apparatus and has for one of its objects torovide a device of this character lFbevl simple in' construction, comparatively inexpensive to manufacture and 'more eicient in use than those which have been heretofore proposed.

The compressorl constituting v the invention, while primarily designed for use in connection with small refrigerating plants, vsuch for example as that disclose in my co-pendin application, Serial Number. 547,071, ai

March 27, 1922, entitled Refrigerating apparatus, of which this application is a division, is at the same time not limited solely to such use but is e 'i ders The invention further relates to a oom' presser of the type employin tible of-einplo ent iin a wide field for t compressing o luids, as will be readily'un- Afrom the following description.

a piston working within a cyinder,'whic latter is provided with a movable .head constituting an exhaust valve therefor, and has for a. further object to' rovide a'. compressorof this type which w.' operate more economically and will require a minimum amount of power.

`With the above and other objects in view which will appear as the description pro- 40 ceeds, the invention consists in the novel details of construction and 'the combinations of pai'ts, more 'fullyhereinafter described, and particularly pointed outin the append- -ed claims. 5 Referring to the accompanying drawings in which like numerals designate like parts inall the views; .i

Figure 1 is a 'central vertical 'sectional view oi a compressor made in accordance. with-the present invention, illustrating'the same as used in connection vwith a receiving origiaiappucauon mea-much 27, 1922, 's eriai No. 547,071. Divided and this appiicaiimifaia Januaryv 4 7,1924. seriaiiweseaoo.

tank or chamber for a refrigerating appaia- 'I tus, such as that disclosed in my saidcopending application; and,'

`F ig angles to Fig; 1.

. 2 is. a, similar view, taken'. at right 'A n the said drawings," the numeral ,5 liii,

dicates a base upon which Ais'suitably mounted a support 6, which'is -lierefsliown as com.

prising awall of a receiving tank orvzchamsuitable -orm when the compressor' isem-j ployedg-with other formsf ofappara'tus .thanvl the refrigerating machine. .The said-support 6 is preferablyprovided with-an*ex tension '7, provided with'a boreS toreceive the cylinder block 9. The4 saidV block19 is bored to provide a cylinder '10,"'within will be clear from the drawings.

shaped substantially as illus'trate be Yretained within the bore 8.by means of `a hollow l'ieador retaining member-12, seated upon the upper face thereof, which in turn is maintained in position by means of the movable ca or plate '13, secured tothe extension 7, as y the bolts 14. yA set screw 15, provided with a lock nut 16, extends Y through the member 13, and en', 3,'ages the cap member to retain the same in. position4 upon the cylinder block '1 he lu 9 iinme lately surrounding' the 'c linder bore 10, is formed to :constitutea .v a veseat,

r portion of thev cylinder*block.

17, upon which is adapted tio iit a valve'disc .18 -v A valve` coverA 18 provided withan annular ange 19,-whic'h ilangemay befpro-- vided' with a plurality vofducts or apertures 20,'exte'nding therethrough, retains the valve 18` in position,as willbe-readily apparent.

These said ducts oraperturnes 20 lead from l the cylinder. 10 tothe chamber 21tormed within the cap' member 12, and .afford communication between the said cylinder and chamber when' the valve 18 lis 'in open position, whereby ammonia gas or other -iiuid may pass from one tothe other. -The said valve disc 18 is movable vertically 'relative to the vcylinder block 9, by pressure and is closed by gravity, while the valve cover 18',V

is normally maintainediii position. by'- means wardly by abnormal pressure,

which constitutes a feed chamber, from which the fluid may be introduced into the c linder 10. A-'plurality' lot 'circumferentially arranged ducts 27 "lead from the chamber 26 through 'the ycylinder walls Ito the 'interior ofthe said cylinder atpoints approximately .half way lbetween the ends thereof, and a second series of ducts. or passages 28 extend downwardly rom'the chamber 26 and communicate with a chamber 29, which in turn is in communicationl with the lower end of the cylinder 10. j

The lower lend ofv hesaid cylinder may be closed by a cylinder head block 30,

threaded. as Aat 31 upon the lower freduced portion 25 of the cylinder- 'block 9,"and'the j 3.0 said-block may be provided witha reduced downwardly extending annular por- I tion 32, through which passes the piston rod 33, as will be drawings. The said annular extension 32 may be pro- -vided with suitable packing rin 34 and '35,. spaced apart' by means o ;a `coiled.

readily apparent from the spring 36, and retained in position Vby means. 'A of the cap of'the portion 32.-. A glass-or other trans- 37 threaded upon the lower end .parent cylinder 38 positioned between the enlarged head of 'theblock- 30 and a retaining nut 39 threaded upon thereduced portion 32, and constitutes anoil reservoir-from powerfshaft 47, suita lywhich oil or other lubricant maybe -supplied 'to the piston rod through a duct 40.

The lower end of the piston rod 33 preferably carries a cross head 41, whichis slidably mounted in a suitable cross head-guide .50. .42, and the said cross head 'also has pivotally securedto it, as by the pin 43, a connecting. rod The lower end of the 'said rod.-44 is carried by a crank pin 45, .mounted on a crank disc 4 6, rigidl carried by the main support 6, and also provi ed with a pulley vor .other d rive member. 48. The lower fportion 49 of the support 6 :may lbe enclosedxto provide a crank .casing or chamber 50, which may be filled to a suitable level with lubrieating oilthroughfan. opening 5 1, whereby the` crank pin andcross headfmayjlb'e lubricated in' the .wellk'nown manner. f

.. Going back to the istonll and referring more especially to ig. 1, it will be noted .that the saidpiston preferably takes the 'ournalled in the formvof hollow cylinder, the upper end 'of which is closed and whichisprovidedwith a valve 55, opening upwardly and providing communication between the upper partlof the cylinder l0. and theinterior of the said iston. A pipe 56 is also. rovided for supp ying fluid from any suitab e source to the chamber 26.y

In operation the piston 1 1 is reciprocated by means of itsl piston rod 33 through the motionimparted thereto by the'connecting rod`44, and the crank 45 when the power shaft 47 is rotated `by the pulley 48, whichpulley may 'be `driven' from any suitable sourceof power notishown. Asthe piston 11 moveslupwardly, `flui'd'contained in the cylinder. V10 1s compressed therein against the valve 18, and 'whenthe` pressure becomes high enough to overcome the force of gravity acting on said valve, 4the latter is unseated, and the fluid escapes through the `ducts or: passages 2O into the chamber 21.

These said passages are of suihcient dimensionsto take care of the normal Huid how, f but if forany reason conditions become abnormal sojtha't the pressure within the cyl-- inder- 10 becomes eat'enough to overcome fthe; pressure v'of t e spring 22, thefvalve cover-184 will be lifted,'thereby providing i an additional avenue`of escape for the fluid beneath'its ange 19. As soon as conditions again become normal, the spring 22 will re- *seat the cover 18', and the operation will proceed with the parts in such positions. yThe valve cover 18 and spring'22 thus constitute a safety or relief valve, for preventcy1inder.10, with the consequent possible overloadin sto pingo the apparatus.

s the piston begins its down stroke, the

valve 18 will reseat itself, and a partial 'vacuum will be created within the cylinder 10. This vacuum will serve to unseat the valve 55'in the piston head and will permit iuid withinthe piston 11 to pass therethrough into the cylinder 10, as will be read ily understood. v As the iston approaches its lower limit 'of travel 1t will uncover the orts ,or assages 27, therebyfpermitting a ditional'. uid :Erolnthe Vchamber 26 to pass linto the cylinder 10' above thexpiston so that' when the cylinder will be completely 'filled with Aiiuid to be compressed. This cycle of operation willberepeated continuously, as above described, so long as the power shaft'47 is rotated.VY 1

illustrated and described, it is obvious that `those skilled (in theart mayvarythe details of constructionas wellfas the arrangement of parts without'departing from the spi-rit 'ofthe 1nvention.- and therefore', it is 'not ing too much pressurebuilding up in the of the motor and undesired.

.latter begins itsnext upwardstroke the said While one .form of the invention has been l 'ns Worlginginsaidcylinder'.

' 3. A compressor comprising av cylinder- Vwis'hed to be limited to I7the-above disclosure' except as maybe required vbythe accompanying clamus.v l VWhat is claimed is:

1.A compressor' comprising a cylinder having an, open end; a valve normally closing said 'open end a cover member y1eldingly engaglng said cylinder end and guid m said valve; and a piston Working in said cy der. y Y L f2. A compressor comprising a cylinder -having an open end; a gravity controlled valve normally closing said open end; a cover member yiel 1 nglyl engaging said cylinder end and guidingvsaid valve; and-a piston having an open end; a gravity controlled valve normally closing said open end; aj

spring controlled cover member yieldingly engaging said cylinder end and guiding said valve; and a piston working insaid cylinder. Y v

4;- A compressorA comprising a cylinder having an open end; a gravityzoontrolled valve normally vclosing said open end; a

ing and guiding said va1ve,said flange ,ing ports co-acting "with said valve; and a described, i

lopen end; a gravity inder end, provided with a ange vsurroundpiston working in said cylinder. 6. In an apparatus of the class a cylinder having an open end ;v`a hollow cylinder l y en aging saidcyp' havheadmember engaging and .covering s'aid controlled valve normally closing said open end; a cover member mounted Within said head member having'a perforated -iiange engaging said cylinder end and co-a'ctinglwith'said valve; a spring Y .t

said -head member and interposed between -and a pistonworking said cover member;

in said cylinder. In testimony whereof, I alix myfsigna GfiioRGrEl 15.'

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