US1297379A - Portable house. - Google Patents

Description

N. l. MACDONALD.

PORIABLE HOUSE.

APPLICATION man JULY 28A 1916.

Pateted Mar,` 18,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l A l for 0,1/3

ma wams Farm; ce.. namur/vow. wumumau. :A c.

N. J. MACDONALD.

FURTAABLE HOUSE. APPLICATION man wu 28.1916.

Patented-Mar. 18,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES w INVENTGR N. I. MAC'DONALU POBIABLE HOUSE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 28.1916.

' Patented Mar. 18,1919.

W'NESSES INVENTOR NORMAN TOI-IN MACDONALD, OF WINNIPEG, MANITOBA, CANADA.

PORTABLE HOUSE.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, NORMAN JOHN MAO- DONALD, of the city of lVinnipeg, in the Province of Manitoba, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Portable Houses, of which the following is the specification.

The invention relates to improvements in portable houses and the principal object of the invention is to provide a sectional portalble house which has the sections thereof reversible and for the greater part' interchangeable, thereby not only allowing of the quick and easy assembly of the house but also of the compact stacking of the same when disjointed and further which allows of the enlarging of the house in an inexpensive and simple manner.

A further object of the invention is to provide astrongly reinforced portable house having no interior supports from the floor nor outside stays and also one wherein by the interchanging of the Sections any desired arrangement of netting or canvas can be had.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a portable house supplied with combination shutter awnings which can be manipulated from the interior of the house and used as awnings when opened or shutters when closed as desired.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a portable house having a canvas roo-f which can be quickly and easily applied thereon and which. when once applied, cannot be lifted oit by the wind.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a knockdown floor for the house which can be readily put together or taken apart as desired and is arranged such that it can be conveniently stored and which is constructed so that when set up it is tightly jointed and presents an attractive appearance.

With the above objects in view the invention consists essentially in the arrangement and construction of parts hereinafter more particularly described and later pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several igures.

Figure l 'represents a side view of the erected house. parts being torn away to eX- pose construction.

Fig. 2 represents an. end view of the house! Specication of Letters Patent.

Application led July 28, 19516.

- rammed Mar. is, 1919.

Serial No. 111,928.

Fig. 3 represents a vertical cross sectional view through the house.

Fig. 4l: represents an enlarged detailed vertical sectional view through one side of the house at the roof, the section being taken in the plane denoted by the line X-X Fig. l

and looking in the direction indicated by the -view of one of the roof posts `showing the dowel pins at the ends of the post.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one of the end posts of the roof, a portion of the ridge pole and a portionl of one of the end stretchers.

Fig. 10 represents a perspective view of a portion of one of the roof poles, a portion of the attached end stretcher and a portion of one of the applied peak bars.

Fig. 1l is a perspective view of one of the slides.

Fig. l2 is an enlarged detailed vertical sectional view through the floor, lthe section being taken at the point where the section fastening bolt passes through the floor.

Fig. l3 represents a sectional view similar to that shown in Fig. 12, the section being taken toward the end ofthe house and looking toward the corner post.

Fig. 14 represents one of the corners of the floor with the members disjointed.

Referring now to the drawings The floor of the house is indicated generally by the reference numeral 1 and comprises a substantially rectangular frame, floor joists and floor boards arranged and constructed in detail as now describe-d.

The floor frame embodies side members 2 and I3 and end members 4 and 5 all of which are actually constructed from body strips 6 fitted at the upper and lower sides with top andA bottoni strips 7 and 8. The inner edges the frame.

of these latter` strips extend beyond `the body v. fastened together at the corners and prostrips and form in each instance a channel as indicated a1; 9. The parts forming these members are nailed or otherwise fastened together and they are arranged at the ends so that they can be jointed together in a special way and releasably fastened. The particular type of joint made at the corners between the side and end members is best shown in F ig. 14 of the drawings whereit will be observed that the body strip of the end member projects, as shown at 6', beyond the top and'bottom strips and is arranged so that'it can be inserted between the projecting ends lyand 8 of the top and bottom strips of the side member. The projected portions of the side and e-nd members' are supplied with registering openings 10 to receive a bolt or fastening pin, as the case ma fbe.

"in'opening 11 is reserved in one of the side members, this being actually formed by cutting away the body strip of said'member and through thisvopening I insert the floor boards 12, which are all of an equal length, and are adapted such that their ends will lie within the channels of the opposing side members of the Hoor frame.

The floor frame is carried by similar spacedfloor' joists 13 which have their ends notched or rabbeted away as shown at 18 to receive the lower strips 8 of the side membersA` of the frame, the arrangement being such that the'upper faces of the joists lie flush with the upper faces of the strips 8.

' As will be observed the floor boards lie at right` engles to the joists so' that they joists forma good support for the body of the floor.v The ends of the joists are fastened to the floor frame by releasable bolts'la which pass through suitable openings 15 provided at proper intervals in the end members of Oncethe Hoor frame hasbeen set up on the joists one can readily put the floor boards in position by entering them. endon through the opening 1'1 and passing them sidewise in the channels until the frame is filled. It is desirable prior to inserting the last floor board to taper one end of it so that it can be driven'in to its final position. This will insure the tight closure of the cracks in the floor. V

' After-the floor has been laid, filling strips 16 are inserted in the channels between the fioor andthe top strips 7 of the frame.

` On the floorI erect the body of the house embodying sideV and end walls. These walls are'formed from similar interchangeable and reversible sections arranged tov butt together and be fastened bv bolts as laterdescribed. 'l V The principal wall sections are formed from'V substantially rectangular wooden frames 17, constructed from side pieces 18 .and 19 Vand end pieces 2() andv 21 permanently vided'more or less centrally of Vtheir length with intervenin cross pieces 22. In actual practice these frames are preferably four feet long by two feet wide.

The lower wall sections are covered With a canvas covering 23 and the upper sections with `an open wire mesh screen 24:, the screens and coverings being fastened to the sections by applying fastening stripsV 25 which are nailed to the frames through the stretched screen and canvas.

IV have stat-ed principal sections in the above description for thereason that in completingahouse such as the one' shown which is eight feet wide by 10 feet long, (this corresponding'to the overall dimensions of the floor),'it is necessary to 'provide filling in sections of one half the size of the principal sections, these filling lin sections vbeing constructed from connected'side and end pieces similar to the principal 'sect-ions and kbeing closed by glass asshownv at 26A so that they are actually window sections. Associated with the sections I supply girts or reinforcing strips 27 whichare placedY between -the upper sections of the walls and the intermediate sections; Y

To understand just 'how the body of this particular houseV is put togetherI may ex- Yplainthat seven principal sections anda filling in7 orwindow' section are takenA to makeeach of the side walls together with a girt, while six principal sections and af girt are utilized to formone of'the end walls and four principal section-sita .windowsection and a girt are'utilized to formk the other of the' end walls, this'latter wall having the entrance door therein. The sections so taken are all bolted together atthe ends and sides as shown at 28 and k29 the side or 'vertical bolts'of the top sectionsofV the Wallspassing through the girts 27 which, it will be'understood, pass aroundthe hou-sein a Vlocation between the uppermost Vwall sections and those immediately below.

In connection with thesegirts it Will be noticed that they are considerably wider than' themembers forming vthe sections so that they project both tothe outside and to the inside lof the walls and further that one of the end girtshas to bereut to allow of the insertion of the door as later described.

'The walls are connected at the corners to c vertically disposed corner posts 30 which corner posts pass the full' helghtofthe sections and arefitted' at their lower endswith extending dowel pins 31, these pins being adapted to enter theregistering openings 10 at the Vcorners of the floor frame andY connect the side and end members ofthe floor frame. The manner in which the ends ofthe walls are fastened to these' corner 'posts' is noW1de scribed. -ff The cornerf'p'osts are recessed-'as iidicated :at at suitable intervals and in each recess I insert the head 33 ofl a. cornerv bolt 33, the head being retained within the recess by applying a, fastening plate 3st. The pros jecting end of the bolt is provided with a nut: 35 and the bolt is utilized to fasten the endf members ofthe wallv sections to the post..

The door is formed from a lower principal` section 36 and an upper filliin section 37, both canvas covered' as shown. at 38 and these two sections are fastened by suitable bolts 39' to upright backing strips 40- and 41 between the ends of which Il insert cross strips d2'. The door, so formed, is swung by suitable hinges 43 froml an upright supporting strip 4A and closes in against a second upright strip 45, these two latter strips being secured to the adjacent wall sections. Jamb strips 16 are supplied on the strips 4i and 45 for the door to close against.

Thel screened walll sections of the house arefitted with combination awning' and shutter frames which are rectangular, being formed from side members 47 and 48 con neeted by end membersy 49 and intervening cross members 50. These combination frames are covered with canvas as shown at 51 and are hinged at 52 to the side members 18 of the wall sections. When closed down these combination shutter and awning frames completely close over the wall sections and have their lower ed-ges closing in against the girt's 27 as best shown in Figs. l and 5 of the dra-wings.

In order to allow one to adjust the combination shutter and awning frames from the interior of the house I have provided notched levers 53 having pivoted extensions 5i which pass through slots 22 formed in the cross members 22 of the wall frames and have their outer ends fastened, such as by means of staples 56, to the cross members` 50, of the combination awning and shutter frames.

. Catch plates 57 are supplied on the wall fra-mes so that when the levers are pulled down and' pushed through the slots 22 the notches can be caught on the plate to hold the combination frame in a fiXed adjusted position.

Channel strips 58 are permanently secured to the wall sections at the points where the Vextensions pass through and these strips carry slotted slides 59, the slots of which receive the extensions. These slides make it possible to maintain a close iitting joint all times to the exclusion of insects and les.

When the combination frames are closed in the levers are preferably swung upwardly as indicated in Fig. 5 of the drawings, their upper end-s passing into a notch 60 supplied in the roof structure.

llhe i'oofis a canvas one stretchedv over a ridge pole and end and center gables, the complete arrangement being as nowk described.

On the upper edges ofthe side and end walls of the house I mount side and end substantially Z-shaped wall yplates 61, all of which are identical in construction' and are formed from body pieces 62 and permanently applied top and bottom strips 63 and 6i the to-p strips overhanging the outersides of the body strips, while the bottom strips have their inner edges extending' to the inner sides of the body strips.

These wallv plates are jointed at the Acorners in substantially the same manner as the side and end members of the fioor frame and they are bolted at suitable intervals and as indicated at 65 to the upper members 18 of the top ,wall section. On the end wall plates I mount directly the end gables and on the side wall plates I mount the ends of a center gable which gables are all' constructed from triangular sections 66, each gable section being actually the half of' one of the principal. ywall sections and being formed? from a side member 67, an end member 68 and an inclined connected member 69. The-center gable is an open one while the end' gables have the acute corners thereof closed with canvas, as shown at 7'() (see Fig. i), and the remaining portions thereof covered over avith the wirerscreen 71. l

The screened part of each section is closed b v a canvas covered flap 72 fastened to the gable section by spring hinges 73, these hinges holding` the iiap normally closed but allowing it to be opened at will.v Any suitable means. such as a pulling rope, can be used for opening` the flaps. Between the gable sections, when set up. I locate in each instance, a roofY post 7i which i's'bolted to the gable sections and is provided at the ends ,with dowel pins 75, the lower dowel pins of the end roof posts being seated in suitable holes provided in the end wall plates. while the lower dowel pin of the cen` tral roof post extends into a suitable hoie provided in a cross strip 76 boltedl to the central gabl'es and having the ends thereof resting on the side `wall plates The Upper ends of the roof' posts terminate short of the peaks ofthe gable sections, t0 allow of the insertion of a ridge pole 77, nvhich ridge pole receives the projecting ends of the top dowel pins, extends beyond the end gables and has the upper face -thereof beveled off to make it Hush with the gable sections.

7 8 represents a canvas roof which canvas roof is stretched over the ridge pole and has the edges thereof permanently fastened asindicated at 7 8 to roof poles 79 and 7 9 located at the sides of the side roof rails. i

These roof poles project beyond the ends of the canvas andv are arranged tov lie non mally, directly underneathv the outwardly overhanging portions of the sidewall plates. They are connected at the ends of the house by end stretchers 8O and Sl which are fastened to the roof poles by means of straps 82, these straps being fastened to the ends of the stretchers and being arranged that they just nicely allofW of the entrance of the end of the roof poles. .Centrally yto the stretchers I secure, such as by bolts 83, end posts 84 which project upwardly beyond the ends of the ridge pole to which they are fastened by hinges 85.

The ends of the roof poles are provided with extending threaded end studs 86 on Which I mount the outer ends of inclined channel shaped peak rails 87 and 88, the

"upper ends of which meet on theend posts directly opposite the ends of the ridge pole ,Where they are fastened by bolts 89.

The channels of these peak rails are turned inwardly and they are provided with eyes 90.

The ends of the `canvas roof are laced as indicated at 91 to the eyes, this arrangement allowing me to stretch the canvas in an easy and eiicient manner endwise.

When the canvas roof is to be put on the otherwise erected house it is spread over the ridge pole and the end stretchers are applied initially on one of the roof poles and the free ends thereof are then raised up until the straps can be slipped over the ends of the other roof pole. this of course taking place before the peak bars are put in position. A ftenvvard one applies the peak bars and then laces the ends of the canvas roof to them to stretch the roof properly.

From the above description it can be readily seen that this house can be put up or taken down very quickly and that it can be made comparatively light as the sections when bolted together reinforce one another. While the girts, Wall plates, iioor frame and corner posts give rigidity to the walls.

Further it Will be observed that owing to the sections being in all cases either full or half sections they can be easily and conveniently stored and further, owing to the regularity of the sections they 'can be interchanged in their several places, that is to say, the principal sections are interchangeable as are also the ll-in and gable sections.

When the house is taken dovvn ovving to the regularity of its construction it can'be readily crated if desired to transport it from place to place.

While I have described certain sections as canvas covered. While others are screen I Wish it to be understood that these can be varied at Will to suit the requirements of the individual and While one door has been shown, a number of doors can be put inl if Wanted.

What I claim as my invention is Il. In a portable house the combination with side and end; jwalls, of aroof structure embodying -Wall plates detachably secured to the tops of the side and end Walls,said Wall plates presenting voverhanging top strips, a ridge pole located at the peaks of the gables, a covering applied over the ridge pole and the gables, roof poles secured to the sides of the covering and located normally underneath the overhanging portions of the side Wall plates and means forretaining the roof poles in position .beneath the top strips of the side Wall plates.

2. In a portable house` the combination with side and end Walls, of a roof structure embodying Wall plates detachably secured to the tops of the side and end Walls, `said Wall platesY presenting overhanging top strips, a ridge pole located at the peaks of the gables, a covering applied over the ridge pole and the gables, roof poles secured to the sides of the covering and locatednormally underneath the overhanging'portions of the side Wall plates andV .stretchers'connecting the projected ends of the roof poles.

3. In a portable house the combination with side and end walls, of a roof structure embodying Wallv plates detachablyv secured.

to the tops of the side and end Walls, said Wall plates presenting overhanging top strips, a ridge pole located at the peaks of the gables, a covering applied over the ridge pole and the gables, roof poles secured'to the sides of the covering and'located normally underneath the overhanging portions of the side wall plates, stretchers interposed between the projected ends of the roof poles and straps carried by the ends of the stretchers and receiving the projected ends of the roof poles.

fl. In a portable house the combination with side and end Wallsof a. roof structure embodying Wall plates detachably secured to the tops of the side and end Walls, said Wall plates presenting overhanging top strips, a ridge pole located at the peaks of the gables, a covering applied over the ridge pole and the gables, roof poles secured to the sides of the covering and located normally underneath the overhanging portions of the side Wall plates, stretchers connecting the projected ends of the roof poles, peak rails extending between the projected ends Yof the roof poles `and the ridge'pole anda lacing connecting the peak rails With the ends of the covering.

5. In a portable house the combination with side and end Walls, of a roof structure embodying Wall plates detachably secured to the tops of the side and end Walls, said Wall plates presenting overhanging top strips, a ridge pole located at the peaks of the gables, a covering applied over the lridge pole and the gables,I roof poles secured to,l the sides of the covering and located normally underneath the overhanging portions of the side Wall plates, stretchers connecting` the projected ends loftheroof poles, end, posts detacha-hiy secured centrally to the stretchers Signed at Winnipeg7 this 7th day of July and having the upper portions thereof con- 1916.

nected to the projected ends of the ridge pole, peak rails detachable secured to the NORMAN JOHN MACDONALD' projected ends of the roof poles and to the In the presence ofend posts and a lacin connecting the ends G. S. ROXBURGH,

of the covering With t e peak rails. ROLAND FOSTER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C.

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