US1286463A - Combined piston and ring. - Google Patents

Description

B. (I. WHITE.

COMBINED PISTON AND RING.

APPLlc/u'mn FILED 00.25.1911.

Lgg Patented Dec. 3, 1918,

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Specification oltetters Patent.

Applicatioatlel Uctohei 525. 1917. V ySerial No. mdti'i.`

To all 'whom it may r'omern: l

Be it known that, BENJAMIN 0. l'ilmrn a citizen of the United Staten, reeiding-` at Indianapolis1 in the county oi ltllarion and State of indiana, have invented certain new tons and Rings, of which the following is a specification.

Tine invention relates to a plston and its aseociated piston-rings for use inthe cylinders of enginesojl all types, but which are particularly adapted 'for use in coniiection with the cylinders of internal combustion engines, where piston and piston-ringe are subjectedto extremely high and frequent impulsen ot energy exerted through the result of the explosion of `succesaire charger,` of gas, this resultingr in premature Wearing down of the pieton-rings and resulting in a corresponding loss et power.

The object ofthe present invention consiate in the provision ot a piston and its associated piston-rings together with certain mennel adapted' to constantly exert pressure in a given direction for expanding and keepingn the peripheries of the piston-rings conn staii'tly in contact with the inner peripheral Wall'o the engine cylinder, the arrangnnnent being such that` any sudden increase ot eng ergy exerted 'against the end of the pieton for accelerating the movement of the latter.r caused by the explosion of the chartres` oli' gas, or any Sudden retardation in the travel ot' the piston, will have a teinlency to expand and more firmly hold `the outer peripheries ot the rings-against the adjacent peripheral wall ot the cylinder, thereby ovi-n'colning any decrease in diameter ot' the ring through wear, whereby the working parte are enabled to render eiiicient service for a greattn length ot' time.

l accomplissh the above objects ot the invention and such others asjipay appear from a` perusal of the epeeilicatiti and claims-i; by means of 'the construction i lustrated in the accompanyingl drawings, 'forming a part hei-cot, in which l Figure 1 is a view partly in eide elevation and partiy in Section ot a piet-on and its: aesoeiated rings, showing my invention in operative position. Fig. 2 ie a crees Section on the line 2-2 Yin liig. l. Fig. 3 ie a top or plan view ot an eceentrically formed pressurering.

Referring to the drawings, l() representa a common type of pieton employed in cylin ders for internal combustion engines9 which piston ie provided in its periphery with a plurality of annularly entiendirlnV grooves; into which the pieton-rings are Seated in the usual manner. The number of these grooves in a given type of pistone may vary, this beingdetermined by the designer or manufacturer, and in thie` instance l' have arbitrarily selected three in nuinlmr` in which two of grooveefll and l2 are 4located near the free end ot piston l() andthe remaining groove i3 near the opposite end ot' the pierv and lnto. groeven ll', l2 and 13 respectively.

rThe wall of 1roove 1l toward thefre'e end of the pistoin'isrundercut to provide an annularly extending; channel '19 having parallel inclined w: lls 2() disposed toward the longri tud inal axis of pieton 10. llnto channel lfl elined Surfaces eng-airing the correspondingly shaped adjacent Walls 2() of channel 419 will cause pressurea'inrr to shift toward and tightly inipinge the adjacent Surface of piston-ring lll. This z lditional outwardly eX erted pressure applied fto pie-touring ifiwill hold the latter in an expanded condition with its; outer peripheral surface tightly against the adjacent internal Wall ot the cylinder, thereby not only preventing` leakage between the outer periphery ot pieton-ainaI Al-iland the cylinder wall, but leakage between the pietonring' and pressore-rinp; and between the latter and the :uljacentavalle .20 o'l channel 19. ne the tendency ot wear on the peril'ihery ot' piston-ring;l jl-l is to reduce its diameter this overcome through the Further expanding` of the latter, no that a tight joint in vconstantly maintained between pieton-ring! i4 and adjacent wall of the cylinder. Groove 'l2 ia provided with a side,cl1annel 30 which serves the Sarno pnrposse as channel i9, eX- pt that the walls 3l of the. latter are cut on parallel planes at right angles; to the sur- 'ace planes ot' the Walle QG ot groove i9, and "into channel l insert a pressured-ingar 252. The direction o'l" the pitch in which channels Patented Dee/3. Mill @.l

'toit Piston rings" 14;" 15 and 1,6 are of tho Split type and are sprang; over piston l() llt) 19 and 30 are cut causespressure-rings V22 livered against either end of piston 10.

Pressure- rings 22 and 32 also serve the purpose of effectively holding ' pistonaings 14 and 15 against the adjacent Walls of grooves 11 and 12 and prevent rattling noises-- commonly known as slapping-Whicli noises are ofttimes erroneously attributed to lost motion in ,the connections between the ends of thc connecting-rods and pistons and crank-shaft of the engine. i

While I have described my invention with more or less niinuteness as Aregards details of construction and arrangement and as being embodied yin certain precise forms, I do not desire to be limited thereto unduly or any more than is pointed out in the claims.

On the lcontrary, I contemplate all proper changes in form, construction and arrangew ment, the omission of immaterial elements and the substitution of equivalents as circumstances may suggest or as necessity may render expedient. i

I claim:

1. As an article of manufacture, a piston having a plurality of annular piston-ring grooves and having obliquelyl arranged communicating channels disposed toward said grooves, piston-rings arranged. in said grooves, and means arranged in said cli'annels for exerting pressure against the oppositesides of the rings for expanding 'the latter against the adjacent Wall of the cylinder.

2. As an article of manufacture, a piston having a plurality of annular piston-ring grooves and having obliquely arranged ann nular communicating channels disposed toward said grooves, piston-rings Seated in said grooves, and pressure-rings having oblique sides arranged in said communicating channels for impinging and exerting pressure against the opposite sides of the rings sustaining the peripheries of the rings against the adjacent wall of the cylinder.

In Witness whereof, Iliave hereunto s et iny hand and seal at Indianapolis, Indiana,

this 19th day of October, A. Dl one tliousand nine hundred and seventeen.

BENJAMIN O. WHITE. (L. 5.1

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