US1071020A - Compressing and liquid-extracting machine. - Google Patents

Description

E. BARTHULOMEW. l GOMPRBSSING AND LIQUID EXTRACTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 28, 1911, l

`Patented Aug. 26, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

wi A

@Howlett E. BARTHOLOMEW.

coMPIIDssING AND LIQUID EXTDADTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED H. 2a, 1911. I '1,071,020l Patented Angl. 26, 1913.

3 SHEETS-'SHEET 2.

Hl nl Il E. BARTHOLOMBW GOMPRESSING AND LIQUID EXTRAGTING MACHINE.

- APPLICATION FILED NOV. 28, 1911. I 1,07 1,020. Patented Aug. 26, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

30 be employed.

Ennis BAnTHoLomEW, for TOLEDO, '01110.

COMPRESSING AND LIGUID-EXTRCTING MACHINE.

Speciication of Letters Patent.

Application led November 28, 1911., Serial No. 662,886. l

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ELLIS BAR'rHoL'oMEW, citizen of the United States,\residing at Toledo, in 'the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented certain' new and useful' Improvements in Compressing and Liquid- Extracting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention .relates to compressors and refers particularly to a machine which is adapted forthe compression of 'peat or other substances from which liquid is adapted to i be extracted during the compression of the same.

vThe invention has for an vision of` a machine of this character which vis of such a construction that any substance from 'which liquid is to be extracted may be placed in the machine for compression, as4

.for instance flax seed. when it is desired to extract the oil therefrom or to extract the.. moisture from peat While being compressed.

The invention has for another object the provision of a machine.wherein fabricv is employed for extracting the liquid from the compressedmaterial, the fabric being wool, cotton, linen, silk, wire cloth or canvas which are found to be. especially applicable to such extraction, although any fabric desired may The invention still further contemplatesl Athe construction of a machine of this del -ofthe material through the inlet and exscription which comprises but few operative parts and one in which. the parts will so coact as to produce an eicient means for compressing the material ,pla-ced therein and also for extracting the Huid therefrom during the compression process, y

For a full understanding of the invention 4O'reference is to be-had to the following descriptionand -accompanying drawings, in

'which:{,` v

lFigure 1 is av longitudinal vertical section through the machine 'disclosing the same in an open position jready for'the reception of material to be compressed. Fig. 2 is a view of the same disclosing the same 'in' a half completed operation. Fig. 3 is a-longitudinal vertical section of the machine disclosing the same inthe act of compressing the material placed therein. Fig. 4is a .view of the samefpositioning the operative parts in po' sition when material iscompressed. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical sectionof a modied i'ormof the machine, and Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the same.

-object ,the pro- Patented Aug. 2e, 191s.

Corresponding and like parts are referred A to in the following description and indicated 1n all the views of the drawings by the same reference characters.

In the drawings, which disclose the form of machine which embodies the principles of the invention, the numeral. 10 designatesI a cylinder which is provided in its upper side4 with an -opening 11 through which the mass to be compressed is introduced and which is provided with an exit port 12 through which the material is to be 'passed after 'compres,

sion. The cylinder 10 is provided with a head 13 which is apertured as at 14 for the purpose of forming a communication to the interior of the cylinder 10 adjacent the head 13. Spaced inwardly from the head 13, is a foraminous diaphragm 15 which is disposed in parallel relation with the head 13 and .thereof and which' is providedwith a dia- 'me'tricall'y disposed `arm 18 which is sup ported upon the vforward extremity of a iston rod 19. The sleeve 17 is employed orl thepurpose of regulating the passage haust openings 11 and 12, 'and is also used as a formerto receive and to shape the material when under compression. The sleeve 17 is fixe-d upon a hollow piston 20 which is slidably disposed therein and which is se,

cured to the forward extremity of a hollow piston rod 21. which is slidably disposed perforatio-ns through Ithe diaabout the piston rod 19. The -hollow piston y 20 is provided its opposite sides with longitudinal slots through which the armV 18 extends to permit reciprocatory motion of the hollow piston v20 within the sleeve 1'?v independently of the sleeve.; The hollow piston 20 is provided with an inwardly and annularly formed head 22 a ainst which isv positionedA a stu'iing box 23 orv the purpose of providing a fluid-tight connection between the two pistons 19 and 21 and preventing the access of air or steam between the same. The stuiiing box 23 is of circular formation and coperates with4 the head 22 to kform a rest for the reception of'a coiled spring 2li which is disposed thereabout and l 75 whlch 1s provided upon its inner face with l which is engaged at its opposite extremities against the inner end of the hollow piston and the edge of the arm 18 respectively. The forward end of the pisto-n is provided with a perforated head which carries a thickness of fabric 26 against the outer-face thereof to close the outer ends of the perforations within thel head 25 and for the purpose of engaging against material positioned in the cylinder 10 to be compressed. The piston head 25 is further provided with packing rings 27 longitudinally disposed in the periphery thereof for engagement against the inner wall of the sleeve 17 to prevent the passing of liquid therefrom as the same is extracted from the material under compression. The cylinder 10 is provided with a rear extension 28 which is provided with an outlet 29T through which the liquid is adapted to be drawn when the same passes from the hollow piston 20. The extension 28 terminates in a body 29 which constitutes the head of a cylinder in which a large piston 30 reciprocates, said piston .being rigid with the rear extremity ofthe hollow piston rod 21 and adapted to impart motion to the same. A sleeve 3l is rearwardly extended from the piston 30 and is considerably reduced therefrom forthe' purpose of encircling .the rear extremity of the' piston rod 19 which extends therethrough rearwardly from the sleeve 31. The piston rod 19 is engaged at its rear extremitywith a smaller piston 32 which reciprocates in a smaller cylinder axially alined with the cylinder containing the piston 30. 5

, The means'preferably. employed for actuating'the pistons 30 and 32 independently 'of each other comprises a novel valve mech.-

anism which is' constructed as follows An intake port .33 is provided in the steam 'chest "34 which is arranged abovethe cylinders containing thepistons 30- and 32 and in which is slidably mounted a D-valve 35 for the purposeJ of connecting the channels 36 and 37 alternately with the exhaust port 38. The D-valve 35 is mounted upon a valve rod 397 which is slidably disposed longitudinally therethrough and which is enlarged at its opposite ends as at 40 and 41 for the.'

purpose of abutting-'the ends of theD-valve 35 and actuating theA same. The enlargements 40 and-41are slidably disposed in di chamberedlportionsformed in the opposite novnoao' passage 48 whereby steam may be lcarried between the cylinders. The cylinders 46 and 47 communicate with the enlarged portions 44 and 45 of the steam chest by means of channels 49 and 50 which extend from points within the respective cylinders spaced from the outer ends thereof the width of the pistons 30 and 32 disposed therein. Bypasses 51 and 52 are formed within the wall of the cylinders between the channels 36 and 37 and the inner ends of the enlarged portions 44 and 45 of the steam chest. A stuffing box 53 is provided on the body 29 within the extension 28 to prevent the escape of steam from about the piston rods 19 and 21.

Jn the drawings is disclosed a modifica-` tion of the means for operating the machine as by a belt. This'adaptation of the machine necessitates the following construction r-A receptacle 54 is mounted upon a base 55 and is provided with a hopper 56 I. into which the material to be compressed 1s placed. A pipe 57 is extended downwardly .from one end of the receptacle 54 into a cyl- Inder 58 to conve material thereto. The cylinder 58 1s provided with a head 59 which are positioned packing rings 60 for engagement against the inner wall of the cylinder 58 to seal the same, the head 59 being provided wlth a forwardly extended pin 61 is slidably disposed therein and upon which which is engaged ,through a cross varm 62 mounted upon extension bolts 63 carried by the cylinder 58. rlhe pin 61 is loosely disposed within the cross arm 62 and is provided with a coil spring 64 disposed-thereabout between the head 59 and the cross arm 62.` The head 59 is provided with a perforated diaphragm 65 at its inner endV adjacent which a chamber is formed which is connected with a drain pipe i, 66 to carry off the liquid which passesy through'the perforated diaphragmy 65. The head 59 1s also provided with a thickness of fabric 67 which is mounted across the outer face of the diaphragm 65 to ,cover the apertures formed therethrough. A sleeve 68 is slidably positioned within the cylinder 58 and 1s provided with an offset arm 69 which 1s provided at one sidewith teeth 70 with 'which a toothed gear 71 mounted in the frame'. 55 is adapted to mesh and to withdraw the same to cause .the sliding of the f sleeve 68 rearwardly within the cylinder 58.

The sleeve-68 is normally retained in a forward position under the tension of a spring 72 which is disposed aboutja` rearwardly extending reduced portion 7 3 of)the arm 69 and bears against a'collar 74 carried bysaid arm and a flange 75 struck upwardly from the frame 55. The sleeve" 68 fits around a hollow piston' 7 6 which is adapted for reciprocation therein and which is provided with packing rings 77 to seal the same and which carriesat perforated head 78 over which is disposed a thiclmess of fabric 79 to completely cover the perforations formed therethrough and to engage against the material to be compressed. A pipe 80 extends rearwardly for the purpose of withdrawing at that side of the piston the liquid which is extracted fromthe materialcompressed and disposed uponthe gear 71- are continued but' ashortv distance about the periphery of the same in order to engage the teeth 70 at intervals admitting of the forward motion of the arm 69 under/ the tension of the spring 72 alternately withthe engagement of the teeth 70.z The shaft 83 isprovided with a bevel gear 84\which meshes with a beveled gear 85 carried-upon a stub shaft 86 which is mounted-longitudinally within the frame 55 yand upon which is disposed. in rigid relation, a large gear87.` The gear 87 is meshed Witha-pinlon88 mounted upon a-drive shaft 89 disposed llongitudinally in the upper end of the frame 55 and upon which is disposed a pulley 90 4adapted to impart Vmotion from any convenient or adaptable source of power to the-machine. The shaftl 89 is extended through the receptacle 54 4and carries a screwv conveyor 91 for the purpose of 'feeding ma- 'terialto be compressed from the hopper v56 into the pipe 5 7.

The-operation ofthe referred form of the invention above descrlbedis as follows:

Steam. or liquid under pressure is introduced through the intake l33 and enters the ch-est 34,l passingabout the D-valve 35 and through the channel 37 into -t'he cylinder 46 against the. outer face of the larger piston 30. At the saine time, apart of the fluid or liquid-employed Hows through the by-pa'ss 51 into the portion 45 of.' the steam ,chestv against the innerJ face of the valve head 42 andrcauses movementV of the sametoward the adjacent end ofthe steam chest. The piston 30 moved withinl the cylinder 46 under thelpressure of the Huid until it passesV the lower endof the channel 49 when the Huid is admitted to said channel and'passes into the portion 45 against the outer face of the Valve head 42,` thereby equalizmg the i-pressure uponthe sides of the valve-head 42 and retaining the same in an operative position. The slight movement of the valve head 42 away from the by-pass 51,-however, has caused .the en1argementf41 at the opposite end-'of the valve rod.39 to. impinge against oneend of the D-valve 35, although not sufiicient to operate the same, since the pressure upon thevopposite sides of the valve head 42 moves-the same only one-half of. its stroke. The piston 30 continues its movementv withdrawing the hollow piston rod 21 from the cylinder 10 and carrying the hollow piston 20 therewith, sliding the same within the sleeve 17 to enlarge the space within: the cylinder l0 beneath the opening 11 through'which material is introduced, as disclosed inv Fig. 2. The sleeve 31 strikes against the smaller piston 32 and forces the same beyond the end of the passage 48 within the cylinder 47 when the enlarged piston 30 reaches the rear extremity of the cylinderl beyond the end of the channel 48 within the latter cylinder, whereupon the steam or compressed liquid flows from the cylinder 4,6 through the passage 48 into the cylinder 47 against the rear face of the piston 32. This operation causes the piston 32 to be forced toward the outer end of the cylinder 47 and to carry therewith the piston rod 19 retracting the sleeve 17 from the forward end of the cylinder 10. When the sleeve 17 is retracted, the material is allowed to drop from the lopening 11 into the cylinder 10 rbetween the portions of fabric 16 and 26 which are respectively positioned upon The spring 24=is employed for the purpose ,ofl cushionlng the retractingof the sleeve 17 to-prevent .the jarring or pounding of the device during operation. -l/Vhen the piston 32'reaches the outer endof the Ycylinder 47, the channel 50 is opened to admit the steam or liquidfromsaid cylinder into the portion -44 of the steamchest against the outer face of the valve head 43 which causes movement of t-hesame away from the end of the steam chest carrying therewith the D-valve 35 to shift the same'and to open the channel 36 intoy communication with the chest 34- and to connect the .channel 37 with the exhaust 38, as indicated in Fig. l. /Ihe-uid or liquid .then passes from the chest 34 through the chcannel 36 into the cylinder 47 against the piston 32 and causes reverse movement. of the same. Simultaneously with t-he forward movement of the piston 32 the movement of the valve head 43 is checked by the introduction of the liquid or huid through the by-pass 52 leading from the channel 36. The piston 32 moves 'forwardly and strikes the sleeve 3l carrying the piston 30 beyond the entrance of the passage 48 into the cylinvder 46 and at the same time opens the end of the 'passage 48 within the cylinder 47. The fluid 0r liquid will then passl from the cylinder 47 through the passage 48 and into vthe cylinder 46 against the outer face ofthe piston'- 30 and cause the continued reverse movement of the same. Inthis operation, it will be noted that as the piston 32 is the cylinderthead 13 and piston head 25.

moved forwardly prior to the movement of the piston 30, the sleeve 17 is first moved forwardly to close the opening 11 and to contine the material to be compressed within the outer end of the same against the cylinder head 18. The hollow piston 20 is then moved forwardly under the action ofthe piston 8O andis caused to engage'against the material wit-bin the cylinder 10 compressing the same. The moisture extracted from the material while being compressed is absorbed by the fabric upon the opposite sides thereof and is passed through the perforations formed in the diaphragm 15 and piston head whence the same is conveyed through the ports 14: and 29', respectively. The compressed peat or other material is held within the sleeve 17 until said sleeve is fully withdrawn, when it will 'be discharged through the opening 12, as shown in Fig. 1. After the material has been compressed, the pressure fluid acting upon the piston will withdraw the hollow piston 2() and the head attached thereto, so that after the sleeve 17 thereby 'producing a great saving in proc-f starts its outward or rearward movement, the compressed material will still be held within the end of the sleeve and will not be ejected ytherefrom byv the piston head 25. The piston 80 and piston 2O connected there'- with have a more limited movement than the piston 82 and the sleevev 17 actuated by the same, so that2 when'the piston head 25 has reached a point just lclear of the discharge opening 12, the piston 30 will have reached the end of the cylinder 46, so that its movement will bearrested. The piston 3 2, however, will continue to travel so 'that the sleeve `17 will be withdrawn past the piston.

head 25 and, consequently, the material held in the end of the sleeve will be ejected by being brought against the piston head-25 and will drop through the discharge opening 12,

as shown in Fig. 1. l.

It is thus'seen that in a machine of this construction and operation, themoisture is extracted from the peat, which. is necessaryfor the proper compression of the same, at the same time that the peat is compressed,

esses of this' nature and forming a novel and eiiicientA means for producing such result.

The "operation ofthe modified form of the h'embodies .the principles of the invention is as follows: The material to be compressed; isffed into` the hopper 56,

whereby itisffcovayed tothef'receptacle 54:

and carried therein to the-forward eXtrem ity of the same by means of the screw conveyer 91 and lfed through the f'pipe 57 into the cylinder 58. The screw conveyer 91 is actuated by the rotation of thedrive shaft 89 'through the medium of the pulley 90. The pinion ,88, which is rigidly disposed 'upon the drive shaft 89, operates the gear 87, and causes the rotation of the stub shaft 86 to operate the beveled gear 85. rl`he beveled gear 85, which meshes with the gear 84, causes the actuation of the same and thereby rotates the crank shaft E3 to reciprocate the pitman 82 to cause the actuation of the hollow piston 76 through the medium of a cross head 81. As the crank shaft 83 is rotated, 'the teeth disposed "upon the gear 71 are engaged with the teeth upon the arm 69 and causes the retraction of the sleeve 68 within the cylinder 58 so that the material to be compressed may be fed into the cylinder through the pipe 57. When a quantity of material is dropped into the cylinder 58, the gear 71 is rotated sufficiently to disengage the teeth thereof from the teeth 70 and permit the spring 72 to force the sleeve 68 forwardly within the cylinder 58 against the cylinder head 59 and to inclose theinaterial within4 the end ofthe same. The continuation of the rotation of the crank shaft 83 causes the forward movement of the pitman 82 to force the piston 76 forwardly within the cylinder 58 and tc compress the material against the perforatedI head 78 of the same. The moisture extracted from the material is absorbed by the portions 67 and 79 of the fabric which are car'- w ich moisture or liquid is carried through the perforations formed in the respective heads into the rear end of the cylinder 58 and into thechamber formed within the cylinder head 59 whereby the same is conveyed to the outlet pipe 66.

ried bylthe cylinder head 59 and piston headv When the mass of material between the porl tions of the fabric 67 and 79, offers a resistance greater than desired, the' piston head 59 will recede from the cylinder 58' compressing the spring 64 and thereby permitting the forward movement of the piston 76, without damage or breakage to any vportion of the machine.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. A machine as specified comprising a cylinder, a erforated head formed on said cylinder, a ayer of fabric stretched across the inner face of said head, an integral sleeve disposed in said cylinder forslidable engagement therein against said head, a'piston slidably mounted within said sleeve, a perforated head formed on said piston and fitting closely against the inner wall of said sleeve, and means for operatin said sleeve and saidvpiston, said sleeve a apted to be actuated in advance of the movement of said piston.

2. A machine as specified comprisingv a cylinder having openings formed in the upper and lower sides of the same in different radial planes thereof, a piston rod disposed in. said slidably disposed within said cylinder cylinder, an integral sleeve;

adapted .to close .the openings therein, apiston slidably mounted in said sleeve, means for actuating said sleeve and said piston independently of each other, and means carried by the head of said cylinder-and said piston for extracting the moisture from masses of materialpositioned between the same in said cylinder.

3. A machine as vspecified comprising a cylinder, a perforated head formed in said cylinder, a strip of fabric carried by said head for engagement with material positioned in said cylinder. a sleeve slidably disposed in said cylinder for inolosing material placed therein, a iston slidably mountedin said sleeve, a hol ow iston rod Secured' to said pisto'n and exten ed backwardly therefrom, pressure cylinders positioned at' the rear end of said rst-mentioned cylinder, an enlarged piston mounted in one of the pressure cylinders at the forward end thereof,

said enlarged piston'connected to said hollow piston rod, a piston rod positioned within said hollow piston rody carried by saidsleeve, a. reduced piston positioned 1n the rear pressure cylinder and connected to said piston rod, and means for operating said enlarged piston and said reduced piston alten,

nately in'advanceof on'e another for actuating said sleeve and said piston.

4;. A machine as'v specified comprising a. cylinder having ports disposed in its upper and lower sides, a head mounted in said cylinder, a sleeve carried in said cylinder adapted for reciprocation therein to -open and close the ports thereof, a piston mounted in said sleeve for reciprocation therein, a pressure cyli der formed at the rear extremity of said cylinder, an enlarged piston mounted in said pressure cylinder and connected to the first-mentioned piston disposed .f piston upon the' completion of vsleeve slidably disposed within 'for successively closing said in said chamber, a valve mechanism disposed in said chamber foradmitting fluid under pressure to saidenlarged piston to movethe same rearwardly, asecond pressure cylinder, a'reduced piston-disposed'in said cy1inder,'said valve mechanism adapted to admit fiuid under pressure to said reduced .5v piston tolmove the same forwardly, and

means for admitting fluid underA pressure from one of said pistons to the 7opposite the alternate central strokes of the same.

5. A compressing machine including l a cylinder having. an inlet opening and a.- plurality of outlet openings, an integral said cylinder openings, a piston mounted insaid sleeve for reciprocation therein to compress material in said cylinder upon the closing of the openings therein2 and means for actuating said sleeve and said piston. f f 6. A compressing machine includin a cylinder having openings to admit material and remove the same, a sleeve slidably disposed in said cylinder to regulate lsaid o enings and conveying compressed materia from below the inlet opening to a point over the outlet opening, a piston slidably mounted in 70 said sleeve to compress the material upon the closing of the openings and expel it when\ over the outlet opening, and means connected to said sleeve and Said piston for separately actuating the same. 75 '7. A compressing machine including a cylinder havin openings to admit and to exhaust material in different radial planes, a sleeve slidably disposed in said cylinder to regulate the openingsand to form the material when compressed and convey the compressed material from the inlet to the ex- Asaid cylinder -to receive material admitted thereto and to retain the same during. and after compression, a piston located within: said former to compress the material in the same and to eject said material after its ary rival over the exhaust opening, and means for extracting moisture from the, material -during the act of compression.

-9. A compressing machine comprising-a cylinder having an inlet and outlet o enings,

a sleeve slidably mounted in said cylinder to extend over said openings, a' hollow piston slidably mounted in the said sleeve andpro vvided with longitudinal slots, a perforated',

head on said hollow piston within tle sleeve,

a hollow piston rod extending from the hollow piston, a piston rod extending through said hollow piston rod,-a cross head on the inner end of the last-mentioned piston rod extending through the slots in the hollow piston and secured to the sleeve, and a spring 1,10

interposed between said cross head and the outer end of the hollow piston. p In testimony whereof I a'flix my slgnature -in presence'of two witnesses.

ELLIS BARTHOLOMEW. [n s] Witnesses:

CELIA I-IoLTGnnIvE, L. A.l BAR'rHo'IAoMnW.

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