TW201626893A - 除草組合物及控制植株生長的方法 - Google Patents
除草組合物及控制植株生長的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201626893A TW201626893A TW104139073A TW104139073A TW201626893A TW 201626893 A TW201626893 A TW 201626893A TW 104139073 A TW104139073 A TW 104139073A TW 104139073 A TW104139073 A TW 104139073A TW 201626893 A TW201626893 A TW 201626893A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N41/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom
- A01N41/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom containing a sulfur-to-oxygen double bond
- A01N41/10—Sulfones; Sulfoxides
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本發明提供一種除草劑組合物,該組合物包含組分(A)和(B),其中組分(A)為化合物丙嗪嘧磺隆,其分子式(I)為:
□
和組分(B)為化合物五氟磺草胺,其分子式(II)為:
□還提供一種使用組分(A)和(B)來控制植株生長的方法。
Description
本發明涉及除草組合物。本發明還涉及一種預防和控制有害植物生長的方法。
稻田雜草種類很多,稻田除草是水稻生產上的一大難題。化學方法一直是防治稻田雜草的主要手段。但近年來,許多雜草品種對除草劑已產生耐藥性,特別是長期施藥及使用單一活性成分的除草劑混合物導致這種現象更突出。
此外,在同一稻田中不同種類的雜草,例如禾本科雜草、闊葉雜草、莎草混生。由於除草混合物中單個活性成分的除草譜有局限性,使得單一活性成分的除草劑混合物可能無法清除施藥目標稻田中所有的雜草。
磺醯脲類除草劑為選擇性內吸傳導型除草劑,可被雜草根和葉片吸收,在植株體內迅速傳導,抑制細胞分裂和生長。敏感雜草吸收磺醯脲類除草劑後,幼芽和根迅速停止生長,幼嫩組織發黃,隨後枯死。但磺醯脲類除草劑在應用過程中存在的難題是其對有利植物的毒性和雜草發展出對磺醯脲類除草劑的耐藥性。
因此有必要研發一種改良的除草劑組合物,尤其是要能夠控制目前所知組合物及製劑難以防治的多種雜草或某類雜草。能夠一次性或分幾次施用於作物田地特別是稻田的組合物是有用的。
丙嗪嘧磺隆(Propyrisulfuron)是由日本住友化學(Sumitomo Chemical)開發的已知的嘧啶基磺醯脲類除草劑,主要用於預防和控制禾本科雜草(如稗草)及闊葉雜草,可廣泛用於稻田。雖然所需丙嗪嘧磺隆的用量低,它能很有效地預防和控制對某些已知的對磺醯脲類除草劑產生耐藥性的雜草。
丙嗪嘧磺隆,分子式為C16H18O5N7SCl,其化學結構如下式所示:
五氟磺草胺是由美國陶氏農科公司(Dow AgroSciences)所開發的苗後用除草劑。五氟磺草胺屬於三唑並嘧啶磺醯胺族群之化合物,是一種乙醯乳酸合成酶抑制劑。五氟磺草胺經由植物葉片、梢部和根部吸收,傳導至分生組織。五氟磺草胺處理造成被處理的植物中細胞分裂和後續生長停止、黃化和死亡。五氟磺草胺用於預防和控制玉米田一年生雜草,對稗草特效,但對部分禾本科雜草、莎草和闊葉雜草並不有效。
五氟磺草胺(Penoxsulam),化學名稱為3-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-N-(5,8-二甲氧基-[1,2,4]三唑並[1,5-C]嘧啶-2-基)-α,α,α-三氟甲苯基-2-磺醯胺,其結構式為:
現已發現通過將丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺進行組合可以實現非常有利的和所需水準的雜草控制。丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的組合能有效控制多類有害植物,甚至包括已知除草組合物難以控制的某些雜草。
令人驚訝地發現,與單獨使用相比,同時使用丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺能明顯減少施用率,且具有高效除草功效。也就是說,同時使用丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺能產生協同增效作用,而此前並未預期或預料丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺間能產生協同增效作用。因此,此發現能增強丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的使用效果並減少成本。
丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺可製備成單一組合物並在單一組合物中同時使用。另外,丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺還可以以單獨的組合物一起施用在所在位置來防治有害植株的生長。
本發明的一個方面是提供一種除草組合物,包含組分(A)和(B),其中組分(A)為具有結構式(I)的化合物丙嗪嘧磺隆:
組分(B)為具有結構式(II)的化合物五氟磺草胺:
組合物中可存在任何合適量的組分(A)與(B)來提供所需的植株生長控制。優選組分(A)與(B)在組合物中的量能夠產生上述協同增效作用。組合物中組分(A)與(B)的重量比優選為大約100:1至大約1:100。更優選組分(A)與(B)的重量比為約50:1至約1:50,更優選組分(A)與(B)的重量比為約25:1至約1:25,更優選重量比為約10:1至約1:10。在許多該組合物的實施方式中,組分(A)與(B)的重量比為約5:1至約1:5。
組合物中可存在適合提供植株生長所需控制的任何總劑量的組分(A)和(B)。所述除草組合物中,優選組分(A)和(B)的總量占所述除草組合物的約5重量%-約90重量%,更優選占所述除草組合物約10重量%-約80重量%,再優選占所述除草組合物約20重量%-約60重量%,再優選占所述除草組合物約30重量%-50重量%。
本發明除草組合物可以配製成多種劑型。例如,所述組合物可配製成可濕性粉劑(WP)、乳油(EC)、懸浮劑(SC)、微囊懸
浮劑(CS)、微乳劑(ME)、乳劑,如水乳劑(EW),或懸乳劑(SE)、水分散粒劑(WDG)、超低容量液劑(ULV),或混合製劑,如微囊懸浮劑和懸浮劑(ZC)的混合製劑。
上述製劑可用該領域中已知的現有方法製備,包括將活性成分與其他組分混合,所述其他組分例如一種或多種填充劑、一種或多種表面活性劑、一種或多種分散劑及一種或多種載劑。
當用水作為填充劑時,可用有機溶劑幫助溶解製劑中的組分。合適溶劑包括芳香烴溶劑,如二甲苯、甲苯或烷基萘;氯芳烴和脂族氯化烴,如氯苯、氯乙烯或二氯甲烷;脂族烴,如環己烷或石蠟、礦物油餾分、礦物油和植物油;醇類,如丁醇或乙二醇及其醚和酯;酮,如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁基酮或環己酮;極性溶劑,如二甲基甲醯胺和二甲亞碸和水。
合適的載劑包括銨鹽和研磨的天然礦物,例如高嶺土、粘土、滑石、白堊、石英、矽鎂土,蒙脫石或矽藻土;及磨碎的合成礦物,例如高度分散的二氧化矽、氧化鋁和矽酸鹽。合適的固體顆粒載劑包括磨碎的天然礦物質,如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石和白雲石,以及無機和有機粉末的合成顆粒,及有機材料顆粒,如鋸末、椰子殼、玉米棒子和煙草秸稈。
合適的表面活性劑包括非離子和陰離子乳化劑,如聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚、烷基磺酸鹽、烷基硫酸鹽、芳基磺酸鹽,及蛋白質水解物。
合適的分散劑包括木質素-亞硫酸鹽和甲基纖維素。
組合物可以包含增粘劑,如羧甲基纖維素;粉狀、粒狀或膠乳形式的天然及合成的聚合物,例如阿拉伯樹膠、聚乙烯醇和聚乙酸乙烯酯,以及天然磷脂,如腦磷脂和卵磷脂,及合成磷脂。
包含於該組合物中的其他可能添加劑為礦物油和植物油。
製劑中可以包含著色劑,如無機顏料,例如氧化鐵、氧化鈦和普魯士藍;有機著色劑,例如茜素著色劑、偶氮著色劑和金屬酞菁著色劑。
組合物中還可包含一種或多種微量營養素,如鐵鹽、錳鹽及硼、銅、鈷、鉬和鋅鹽。
組分(A)和(B)的含量占除草組合物的約5重量%至約90重量%,優選為約10重量%至約80重量%,更優選為約20重量%至約60重量%,再優選為約30重量%至50重量%。
該除草組合物能夠控制,尤其是預防多類有害植株或雜草的生長,包括單子葉和雙子葉雜草。
所述除草組合物可以用於控制多種作物中的不希望的植物生長,所述作物包括小麥、玉米、大豆、糖用甜菜、甘蔗、棉花、水稻、豆類、亞麻、大麥、燕麥、黑麥、黑小麥、油菜、馬鈴薯和小米,以及於其他應用中控制植物生長,如牧場、綠地或草坪中、果實種植園中或非作物區域。
現已發現,包含組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺的組合物顯示出未曾預料的增效作用,即協同增效作用。其觀察到的活性明顯強於單獨施用活性成分(A)和(B)的情況。
包含活性成分(A)和(B)的本發明除草組合物還可以包含配製除草組合物技術中已知的一種或多種組分,如一種或多種填充劑及/或一種或多種表面活性劑。
本發明除草組合物中還可以包含一種或多種與組分(A)和(B)不同的其他除草活性化合物。此外,本發明除草組合物還可以包含一種或多種選自安全劑、殺真菌劑、殺蟲劑、殺蟎劑、殺線蟲劑、驅
鳥液、土壤調節劑、植物營養劑(化肥)及除草劑(不同於組分(A)和(B)),以及植物生長調節劑的化合物。
優選在組合物中存在的其他一種或多種活性化合物選自乙草胺(acetochlor)、阿拉酸式苯(acibenzolar)、苯並噻二唑(acibenzolar-S-methyl)、三氟羧草醚(acifluorfen)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、甲草胺(alachlor)、二丙烯草胺(allidochlor)、禾草滅(alloxydim)、莠滅淨(ametryn)、氨唑草酮(amicarbazone)、醯嘧磺隆(amidosulfuron)、氯氨吡啶酸(aminopyralid)、殺草強(amitrole)、氨基磺酸銨(ammonium sulfamate)、嘧啶醇(ancymidol)、莎稗磷(anilofos)、磺草靈(asulam)、莠去津(atrazine)、唑啶草酮(azafenidin)、四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron)、呋草黃(benfuresate)、苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron)、滅草松(bentazone)、雙苯嘧草酮(benzfendizone)、雙環磺草酮(benzobicyclon)、吡草酮(benzofenap)、氟磺胺草(benzofluor)、氟吡草酮(bicyclopyrone)、雙草醚(bispyribac-sodium)、溴苯腈(bromoxynil)、丁草胺(butachlor)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、仲丁靈(butralin)、唑草胺(cafenstrole)、雙醯草胺(carbetamide)、唑草酯(carfentrazone)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron,chlorimuron-ethyl)、矮壯素(chlormequat chloride)、綠麥隆(chlorotoluron)、氯磺隆(chlorsulfuron)、環庚草醚(cinmethylin)、醚磺隆(cinosulfuron)、烯草酮(clethodim)、異噁草松(clomazone)、氯甲醯草胺(clomeprop)、二氯吡啶酸(clopyralid)、氰草津(cyanazine)、環丙酸醯胺(cyclanilide)、環丙嘧磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、環唑草胺(cyprazole)、殺草隆(daimuron/dymron)、麥草畏(dicamba)、禾草靈(diclofop-methyl)、精禾草靈(diclofop-P-methyl)、雙氯磺草胺(diclosulam)、乙醯甲草胺(diethatyl,diethatyl-ethyl)、吡氟醯草胺
(diflufenican)、氟吡草腙(diflufenzopyr,diflufenzopyr-sodium)、噁唑隆(dimefuron)、呱草丹(dimepiperate)、二甲草胺(dimethachlor)、異戊乙淨(dimethametryn)、雙苯醯草胺(diphenamid)、異丙淨(dipropetryn)、敵草快(diquat)、敵草隆(diuron)、胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron、ethametsulfuron-methyl)、乙烯利(ethephon)、磺噻隆(ethidimuron)、乙氧嘧磺隆(ethoxysulfuron)、乙氧苯草胺(etobenzanid)、噁唑禾草靈(fenoxaprop)、精噁唑禾草靈(fenoxaprop-P)、噁唑禾草靈(fenoxaprop-ethyl)、四唑醯草胺(fentrazamide)、啶嘧磺隆(flazasulfuron)、雙氟磺草胺(florasulam)、吡氟禾草靈(fluazifop)、精吡氟禾草靈(fluazifop-P)、吡氟禾草靈丁酯(fluazifop-butyl)、精吡氟禾草靈丁酯(fluazifop-P-butyl)、異丙吡草酯(fluazolate)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone,flucarbazone-sodium)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、氟節胺(flumetralin)、唑嘧磺草胺(flumetsulam)、丙炔氟草胺(flumioxazin)、炔草胺(flumipropyn)、氟草隆(fluometuron)、三氟硝草醚(fluorodifen)、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen,fluoroglycofen-ethyl)、氟胺草唑(flupoxam)、氟啶嘧磺隆(flupyrsulfuron)、氟啶草酮(fluridone)、氟咯草酮(flurochloridone)、氯氟吡氧乙酸(fluroxypyr)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、噻唑草醯胺(fluthiamide)、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、草銨磷(glufosinate,glufosinate-ammonium)、草銨磷-P(glufosinate-P,glufosinate-P-ammonium)、草銨磷-P-鈉鹽(glufosinate-P-sodium)、草甘膦(glyphosate)、草甘膦異丙銨鹽(glyphosate-isopropylammonium)、氟硝磺醯胺(halosafen)、氯吡嘧磺隆(halosulfuron,halosulfuron-methyl)、氟吡禾靈(haloxyfop)、精氟吡禾靈(haloxyfop-P)、氟吡乙禾靈(haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl)、精氟吡乙禾靈
(haloxyfop-P-ethoxyethyl)、氟吡甲禾靈(haloxyfop-methyl)、精氟吡甲禾靈(haloxyfop-P-methyl)、環嗪酮(hexazinone)、咪草酸(imazamethabenz,imazamethabenz-methyl)、甲氧咪草煙(imazamox,imazamox-ammonium)、甲咪唑煙酸(imazapic)、咪唑煙酸(imazapyr,imazapyr-isopropylammonium)、咪唑喹啉酸(imazaquin,imazaquin-ammonium)、咪唑乙煙酸(imazethapyr,imazethapyr-ammonium)、唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron)、抗倒胺(inabenfide)、茚草酮(indanofan)、碘甲磺隆(iodosulfuron,iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)、異丙隆(isoproturon)、異噁醯草胺(isoxaben)、異噁氯草酮(isoxachlortole)、異噁唑草酮(isoxaflutole)、異噁草醚(isoxapyrifop)、乳氟禾草靈(lactofen)、環草定(lenacil)、2-甲-4-氯苯氧基乙酸(MCPA)、2-甲-4-氯苯氧基丁酸(MCPB)、2-甲-4-氯苯氧基丁酸甲酯(MCPB-methyl)、2-甲-4-氯苯氧基丁酸乙酯(MCPB-ethyl)、2-甲-4-氯苯氧基丁酸鈉(MCPB-sodium)、苯噻醯草胺(mefenacet)、氯磺醯草胺(mefluidide)、甲呱啶(mepiquat-chloride)、甲磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron,mesosulfuron-methyl)、甲基磺草酮(mesotiione)、甲基苯噻隆(methabenzthiazuron)、唑醯草胺(metamifop)、苯嗪草酮(metamitron)、吡唑草胺(metazachlor)、滅草唑(methazole)、甲硫嘧磺隆(methiopyrsulfuron)、苯草酮(methoxyphenone)、甲基殺草隆(methyldymron)、異丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、精異丙甲草胺(S-metolachlor)、磺草唑胺(metosulam)、甲氧隆(metoxuron)、嗪草酮(metribuzin)、甲磺隆(metsulfuron,metsulfuron-methyl)、禾草敵(molinate)、單嘧磺隆(monosulfuron)、單嘧磺隆酯(monosulfuron ester)、滅草隆(monuron)、敵草胺(napropamide)、煙嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、丙炔噁草酮(oxadiargyl)、
噁草酮(oxadiazon)、環氧嘧磺隆(oxasulfuron)、噁嗪草酮(oxaziclomefone)、乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen)、多效唑(paclobutrazol)、百草枯(paraquat,paraquat dichloride)、二甲戊靈(pendimethalin)、環戊噁草酮(pentoxazone)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、氨氯吡啶酸(picloram)、氟吡醯草胺(picolinafen)、唑啉草酯(pinoxaden)、呱草磷(piperophos)、丙草胺(pretilachlor)、烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole)、氟唑草胺(profluazol)、環丙氟靈(prifluraline)、環苯草酮(profoxydim)、撲草淨(prometryn)、敵稗(propanil)、撲滅津(propazine)、苯胺靈(propham)、異丙草胺(propisochlor)、嗪咪唑嘧磺(propyrisulfuron)、炔苯醯草胺(propyzamide)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、氟磺隆(prosulfuron)、丙炔草胺(prynachlor)、雙唑草腈(pyraclonil)、吡草醚(pyraflufen,pyraflufen-ethyl)、吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron、pyrazosulfuron-ethyl))、異丙酯草醚(pyribambenz-isopropyl)、丙酯草醚(pyribambenz-propyl)、嘧啶肟草醚(pyribenzoxim)、稗草丹(pyributicarb)、環酯草醚(pyriftalid)、嘧草醚(pyriminobac,pyriminobac-methyl)、吡丙醚(pyrimisulfan)、嘧硫草醚(pyrithiobac,pyrithiobac-sodium)、pyroxasulfone、甲氧磺草胺(pyroxsulam)、二氯喹啉酸(quinchlorac)、氯甲喹啉酸(quinmerac)、喹禾靈(quizalofop)、精喹禾靈(quizalofop-P)、精喹禾靈乙酯(quizalofop-P-ethyl)、碸嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron)、苯嘧磺草胺(saflufenacil)、仲丁通(secbumeton)、烯禾啶(sethoxydim)、環草隆(siduron)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、甲磺草胺(sulfentrazone)、甲嘧磺隆(sulfometuron,sulfometuron-methyl)、噻苯隆(thidiazuron)、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron,thifensulfuron-methyl)、禾草丹(thiobencarb)、仲草丹(tiocarbazil)、醚苯磺隆(triasulfuron)、三嗪氟草胺(triaziflam)、苯磺隆(tribenuron,tribenuron-methyl)、三氯乙酸(TCA)、三氯吡氧
乙酸(triclopyr)、滅草環(tridiphane)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron,trifloxysulfuron-sodium)、氟樂靈(trifluralin)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)、氟胺磺隆甲酯(triflusulfuron-methyl)、三甲隆(trimeturon)、抗倒酯(trinexapac,trinexapac-ethyl)、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)、tsitodef及烯效唑(uniconazole)。
雖然組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺的組合對眾多植株表現出高選擇性,使其可以用來保護一些農作物,但活性化合物可能對某些農作物具有植物毒性,尤其是當活性化合物與較低選擇性的其他除草劑混合時。因此,最好在本發明組合物中添加一種或多種安全劑。安全劑是能夠減少或消除植物毒性對重要經濟農作物的影響的化合物。重要的經濟作物包括穀物(小麥、大麥、黑麥、燕麥、玉米、大米和小米)、甜菜、甘蔗、油菜、棉花和大豆,優選為穀物,再優選為大米。
合適的安全劑包括解草嗪(benoxacor)、解毒喹(cloquintocet(-mexyl))、解草胺腈(cyometrinil)、環丙磺醯胺(cyprosulfamide)、二氯丙烯胺(dichlormid)、雙環隆(dicyclonon)、O-苯基硫代磷酸O,O-二乙基酯(dietholate)、解草唑(fenchlorazole(-ethyl))、解草啶(fenclorim)、解草安(flurazole)、氟草肟(fluxofenim)、解草惡唑(furilazole)、雙苯惡唑酸(isoxadifen(-ethyl))、吡唑解草酯(mefenpyr(-diethyl))、甲基氨基甲酸4-氯苯基酯(methyl carbamate 4-mephenate)、萘二甲酸酐以及解草腈(oxabetrinil)。所述安全劑可以是該領域中製備除草組合物製劑時常用的一種或多種可能的立體異構體、酯類或鹽類。
除草活性成分和安全劑的重量比可以通過常規實驗確定,這取決於除草劑的施用率和安全劑效率等因素。具除草活性的化合物與
安全劑的重量比的可變化範圍較大,通常為約90000:1至約1:5000,優選為約7000:1至約1:1600,更優選為約3000:1至約1:500,再優選為約1:100至約20:1。
可將一種或多種安全劑以單劑的形式與組分(A)和(B)混合,或以桶混劑的形式與除草組合物一起施用及使用。
可以採用本領域現有已知的方法製備本發明的除草組合物,即將單獨的組分(A)和(B)(如果可用的話)與其他活性化合物、添加劑及/或助劑混合形成混合製劑,然後在施用前用傳統方法將該製劑稀釋。另外,可以分別配製組分(A)和(B)以形成桶混型製劑。
本發明除草劑組合物具有高效、廣譜的除草活性,能控制單子葉和雙子葉經濟作物,包括控制闊葉雜草、禾本科雜草和莎草,以及對除草活性化合物(如草甘膦、草銨膦、莠去津、咪唑啉酮和磺醯脲類除草劑)有耐藥性的品種。
本發明除草劑組合物能用於控制單子葉和雙子葉植株。目標單子葉雜草包括稗屬(Echinochloa spp.)、黍屬(Panicum spp.)、早熟禾屬(Poa spp)、千金子屬(Leptochloa spp.)、臂形草屬(Brachiaria spp.)、馬唐屬(Digitaria spp.)、狗尾草屬(Setaria spp.)、莎草(Cyperus)、鴨舌屬(Monochoria spp.)、飄拂草(Fimbristylis)、慈姑屬(Sagittaria spp.)、荸薺屬(Eleocharis spp.)、藨草屬(Scirpus spp.),澤瀉屬(Alisma spp.)、水竹葉屬(Aneilema spp.)、水篩屬(Blyxa spp.)、穀精草屬(Eriocaulon spp.)和眼子菜屬(Potamogeton spp.),如稗(Echinochloa oryzicola)、鴨舌(Monochoria vaginalis)、牛毛氈(Eleocharis acicularis)、荸薺屬(Eleocharis kuroguwai)、異型莎草(Cyperus difformis)、莎草(Cyperus serotinus)、矮慈菇(Sagittaria pygmaea)、窄葉澤瀉(Alisma canaliculatum)及螢藺(Scirpus juncoides)。目標雙子葉雜草包括蓼屬
(Polygonum spp.)、節節菜屬(Rotala spp.)、陌上屬(Lindernia spp.)、鬼針草屬(Bidens spp.)、尖瓣花屬(Sphenoclea spp.)、蛇眼屬(Dopatrium spp.)、旱蓮屬(Eclipta spp.)、溝繁屬(Elatine spp.)、水八角屬(Gratiola spp.)、陌上屬(Lindernia spp.)、丁香屬(Ludwigia spp.)、水芹屬(Oenanthe spp.)、毛茛屬(Ranunculus spp.)和澤番椒屬(Deinostema spp.),例如節節菜(Rotala indica),尖瓣花(Sphenoclea zeylanica)、陌上菜(Lindernia procumbens)、丁香匍匐(Ludwigia prostrate)、眼子菜(Potamogeton distinctus)、三藥溝繁(Elatine triandra)和水芹(Oenanthe javanica)。
本發明還涉及一種在所在位置施用組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺來預防和控制有害植株的方法。
因此,本發明的另一方面提供一種在所在位置控制植物生長的方法,該方法包括在所在位置施用組分(A)和(B),其中組分(A)是化合物丙嗪嘧磺隆,其結構式為(I):
其中組分(B)是化合物五氟磺草胺,其結構式為(II):
當組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺組合施用時,存在協同作用。當同時或連續施用組分(A)和(B)時,可觀察到協同作用。
組分(A)和(B)可以於目標植物發芽前及/或發芽後施用在所在位置上。組分(A)和(B)可施用於需要控制的目標植物的發芽早期、中期或晚期。組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺可以在種植前或播種前藉由處理種子等植株或植株原料施用於所在位置。
優選為在目標植株萌芽前施用組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺來預防有害植株生長。
可以同時及/或分別施用組分(A)和(B)。優選為同時或幾乎同時施用,更優選同時施用。在一個優選實施方式中,組分(A)和(B)是按照上文所述的組合物方式施用。
組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺可在一定重量比範圍內施用。合適的重量比正如上文所述。因此,組分(A)和(B)的重量比範圍為約100:1至約1:100。優選地,組分(A)和(B)的重量比範圍為約50:1至約1:50,更優選為約25:1至約1:25,再優選為約10:1至約1:10,再優選為約5:1至約1:5。
如上文所述,當一起使用活性化合物丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺時,可能減少施用率,同時能提高或至少保持活性化合物的藥效。使用組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺的組合還能控制未受保護的植株品種,對單一或多種除草劑具有耐藥性的植株品種或對一種或多種除草劑產生耐藥性的植株品種。另外,使用組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺的組合能夠延長施藥期及/或減少施藥時間。
組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆的施用率可以在較大範圍內變化,其施用率一般為0.1至1000g/ha。當組分(A)的施用率在0.1至1000g/ha範圍內時,組分(A)有較寬的控制有害植物生長的防治譜,如在撒種
或種植前、發芽前或發芽後施用。其廣譜性使其適合用來處理多種植株,如一年生及多年生單子葉或雙子葉、闊葉雜草、禾本科雜草或莎草科植物。
活性成分(B)五氟磺草胺的施用率可以在較大範圍內變化,其施用率一般為1至5000g/ha。同樣,五氟磺草胺有較寬的控制有害植物生長的防治譜。
活性成分(A)和(B)的合適比例可以參考上文所述的單個化合物的施用率來確定。然而,本發明使用組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺的組合的優點是可以減少一種或兩種活性成分的施用率。
本發明方法中,可對有害植株或生長有害植株的區域同時施用或單獨施用組分(A)和(B)。用該方法可以處理及控制的有害植株包括單子葉和雙子葉植物。
如果在雜草發芽前於地面施用組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺,則能大量減少或防止目標雜草發芽。如果目標雜草在子葉期,則本發明能夠減少或防止目標雜草的進一步生長。現已發現,本發明能夠在兩周至四周內防止目標雜草的生長並及殺死雜草。
如果組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺在有害植物發芽之後施用於綠色部分,則施藥後有害植物生長變緩並在短期內停止生長。植物將保持在該生長階段,或有害植物將在有限的時間之後死亡。因此,本發明能在早期持續消除有害植物的競爭,保護所需的農作物。
如上文所述,現已發現本發明專門用於保護水稻作物,尤其是稻田。在稻田中,組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺可以施用於水中,通過土壤、目標植株的芽苞和根系吸收。
本發明還提供一種選擇性預防和控制有害植株生長的方法,優
選為預防和控制農作物中,尤其是水稻中的有害植株,其中該方法包括同時或單獨施用組分(A)和(B)於植物(如單子葉和雙子葉闊葉雜草、禾本科雜草和莎草等有害植株或有害農作物)、種子(如穎果,種子或無性繁殖器官、嫩枝、塊莖或輔助芽苞),或在植物生長區域施用除草組合物(如耕作地或水域,如水稻作物)。
有害或目標植株是指所有不希望在該地方生長的植株。這些植株包括有害植株,如單子葉和雙子葉闊葉雜草、禾本科雜草及莎草或有害作物,且這些植株對某些除草化合物有耐藥性,如草甘膦、草銨膦、莠去津、咪唑啉酮和磺醯脲類除草劑。
當農作物收割後,或需要阻止某種作物的生長時,可以使用組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺來預防和控制有害植株的生長,從而清理種植地,為來年播種季做準備。組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺可以選擇性地用於預防和控制多種有害植株,以保護各類農作物,如單子葉農作物,包括穀類(例如小麥、大麥、黑麥、燕麥、水稻、玉米和小米),或雙子葉農作物,例如糖用甜菜、甘蔗、亞麻、黑小麥、油菜、棉花、向日葵和豆科植物,例如大豆屬(如大豆(Glycine max.)、非轉基因大豆(例如常規栽培種和STS栽培種)、轉基因大豆(例如RR大豆或LL大豆)及其雜交種)、菜豆屬(Phaseolus)、豌豆屬(Pisum)、野豌豆屬(Vicia)和落花生屬(Arachis),或各種植物學類別的蔬菜作物,例如馬鈴薯、韭蔥、捲心菜、胡蘿蔔、番茄、洋蔥。組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺還可以施用果園種植(園藝種植)、綠地、草坪及牧區,尤其是牧場。組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺還可用於非農作物地區,如居住地區或工業地區。組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺施用於水稻作物時尤其有效。
如上文所述,本發明的除草組合物和方法尤其適用於選擇性地預防和控治水稻作物中的有害植物。所述水稻作物包括在最多樣化條件下水稻作物栽培的所有可能形式,例如旱田培育、旱地培育或水田培育,其中水稻作物的灌溉可以是天然的(降雨)和/或人工的(澆灌、漫灌)。所述水稻作物可為常規培育的種子、雜交種子或者具有抗性-至少耐受性的種子(由突變或轉基因獲得),其可由秈型或粳型品種或其雜交種衍生而來。
組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺可以通過多種常用且該領域中已知的方式施用於水稻。優選用噴霧劑/或浸漬的方式施用組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺。用浸漬方式施用時,水稻田中的最高水位優選為3至20cm。組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺例如以本發明組合物形式可以直接施用於水稻田的水中。
組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺可以同時或分別施用一次,或多次連續施用。例如,可以先在播種/種植前用,用組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺拌種,及/或用於目標植株發芽前及/或後,及/或在植株發芽的早期、中期或晚期的一期或多個時期施用。
優選為同時施用組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺。
組分(A)和(B)可以通過傳統劑型同時或分別施用,如可濕性粉劑(WP)、乳油(EC)、懸浮劑(SC)、微囊懸浮劑(CS)、微乳劑(ME)、水乳劑(EW)、懸乳劑(SE)、水分散性粒劑(WDG)、ZC或超低容量液體(ULV)、由活性化合物包裹或浸漬的天然及合成材料及聚合物材料形成的微囊內的天然及合成材料。
組分(A)和(B)可以和其他農藥化學活性化合物一起用來防止和控制有害植株,如防止和控制雜草或有害農作物的植株。
組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺可以用該領域已知的技術
和形式施用。使用活性成分的傳統方法包括灌溉、噴霧、霧化或撒播。
另一方面,本發明提供組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺在所在位置控制植株生長的用途。
如上文所述,現已發現,在組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺的組合使用中,可以使用某些特定安全劑。
因此,本發明還提供安全劑在減少組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺的組合的毒性中的用途。
為預防和控制多類有益植株,尤其是水稻中的雜草,在組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺的組合中使用安全劑具有許多優點。
合適的安全劑包括解草嗪(benoxacor)、解草啶(fenclorim)、二氯丙烯胺(dichlormid)、吡唑解草酯(mefenpyr(-diethyl)))和雙苯惡唑酸(乙基))(isoxadifen(-ethyl)))。包含安全劑以及組分(A)丙嗪嘧磺隆和(B)五氟磺草胺組合物能夠有效保護有益的植株(雜草除外)不受活性除草劑的毒害。
本發明的實施例將通過以下實施例說明,但僅做說明用途。
在下列實施例中,實施例1至25是有關本發明組合物的實施例。
除非另有說明,下列實施例中的百分數比均為占組合物的重量比。
含有25%丙嗪嘧磺隆+1%五氟磺草胺的油懸浮劑由下列成分製備:
將這些成分混合,經研磨和高速剪切後得到25%丙嗪嘧磺隆+1%五氟磺草胺油懸浮劑。
含有10%丙嗪嘧磺隆+2%五氟磺草胺的可濕性粉劑由以下成分製備:
將以上成分混合,經超細粉碎機粉碎後,得到10%丙嗪嘧磺隆+2%五氟磺草胺可濕性粉劑。
含有1%丙嗪嘧磺隆+50%五氟磺草胺的可濕性粉劑由以下成分製備:
將以上成分混合,經超細粉碎機粉碎後,得到1%丙嗪嘧磺隆+50%五氟磺草胺的可濕性粉劑。
含有0.1%丙嗪嘧磺隆+1%五氟磺草胺的水分散粒劑由以下成分組成:
將以上成分混合,經均勻攪拌、研磨、用水潤濕、擠壓和乾燥後,得到含0.1%丙嗪嘧磺隆+1%五氟磺草胺的水分散粒劑。
含有5%丙嗪嘧磺隆+0.1%五氟磺草胺的乳油由以下成分製備:
將上述成分混合攪拌得到均一的相。
含有10%丙嗪嘧磺隆+0.1%五氟磺草胺的油懸乳劑由以下成分製備:
將丙嗪嘧磺隆、甲基萘磺酸鹽甲醛縮合物經研磨和/或高速剪切後得到丙嗪嘧磺隆油懸浮劑;將五氟磺草胺、SOLVESSOTM200、乙氧基化蓖麻油混合攪拌均勻得到五氟磺草胺的乳油;將得到的五氟磺草胺乳油加入到丙嗪嘧磺隆油懸浮劑中,混合得到10%丙嗪嘧磺隆+0.1%五氟磺草胺油懸乳劑。
含有25%丙嗪嘧磺隆+1%五氟磺草胺的可濕性粉劑由以下成分製備:丙嗪嘧磺隆 25%
將上述組分的混合物粉碎並研磨,製備成可濕性粉劑。
含有40%丙嗪嘧磺隆+4%五氟磺草胺的水分散粒劑由以下成分製備:
將以上成分均勻混合、研磨、用水潤濕、擠壓和空氣乾燥後得到含40%丙嗪嘧磺隆+4%五氟磺草胺的水分散粒劑。
含有2%丙嗪嘧磺隆+50%五氟磺草胺的懸浮製劑由以下成分製備:油相:
水相:
將丙嗪嘧磺隆溶解在N-甲基吡咯烷酮中,向N-甲基吡咯烷酮中加入乙氧基化蓖麻油得到油相;將五氟磺草胺、SOPROPHOR®4D384和水砂磨得到五氟磺草胺的水性懸浮液;在攪拌下將油相加入水相得到懸浮劑。
實施例10:
含有10%丙嗪嘧磺隆+10%五氟磺草胺的可濕性粉劑由以下成分製備:
將上述成分粉碎、研磨後製備成可濕性粉劑。
實施例11:
含有1%丙嗪嘧磺隆+25%五氟磺草胺的包衣顆粒劑由以下成分製備:
將組分加入混合器,在混合器中,將磨細的活性成分均勻塗布到被聚乙二醇潤濕的碳酸鈣載劑上,以此獲得無塵包衣顆粒劑。
含有1%丙嗪嘧磺隆+5%五氟磺草胺的可濕性粉劑由以下成分製備:
將上述組分研磨、粉碎,製備成可濕性粉劑。
含有5%丙嗪嘧磺隆+5%五氟磺草胺的擠出顆粒劑由以下成分製備:
將以上成分混合並研磨。將得到的粉末用水潤濕形成可擠壓的糊料。再將該糊料擠出形成顆粒,然後在空氣中乾燥。
丙嗪嘧磺隆微囊懸浮劑+五氟磺草胺的懸浮劑的混合劑型(ZC)由以下成分製備:微囊化的丙嗪嘧磺隆:
五氟磺草胺的懸浮劑:
由多亞甲基多苯基多異氰酸酯(PAPI)、丙嗪嘧磺隆、SOLVESSOTM200製備成油相。將所述油相加入含ATLOXTM4913的水相中,形成乳液。然後加熱乳液至50℃,加入催化劑,將得到的混合物反應2小時。冷卻後得到含丙嗪嘧磺隆的微囊懸浮劑(CS)。
將ATLOXTM4913、消泡劑、尿素、五氟磺草胺和水混合,並經研磨,製備成五氟磺草胺的懸浮劑(SC)。
將丙嗪嘧磺隆微囊懸浮劑加入五氟磺草胺的懸浮劑中,得到含0.1%丙嗪嘧磺隆+10%五氟磺草胺的混合製劑(ZC)。
含有2%丙嗪嘧磺隆+3%五氟磺草胺的懸乳劑由以下成分製備:
將五氟磺草胺溶解在SOLVESSOTM200中,向得到的溶液中加入乙氧基化蓖麻油,得到五氟磺草胺的乳液;將丙嗪嘧磺隆,SOPROPHOR®4D384混合並研磨,在得到的混合物中加入水製備成懸浮劑。
將油相加入到懸浮劑中,得到含2%五氟磺草胺和3%丙嗪嘧磺隆得到懸乳劑。
含有10%丙嗪嘧磺隆+2%五氟磺草胺的乳油由以下成分製備:
將上述各組分混合,攪拌至得到均一相。
含有20%丙嗪嘧磺隆+40%五氟磺草胺的懸浮劑由以下成分製備:
將各組分均勻,並研磨,製備成懸浮劑。
含有40%丙嗪嘧磺隆+50%五氟磺草胺的可濕性粉劑由以下成分製備:
將以上成分混合、粉碎並研磨製備成可濕性粉劑。
含有20%丙嗪嘧磺隆+60%五氟磺草胺的水分散粒劑由以下成分製備:
將活性成分、分散劑、潤濕劑、崩解劑和填料合併、混合均勻,磨碎並用水潤濕形成糊料。將糊料擠出,再空氣乾燥,得到含20%丙嗪嘧磺隆+60%五氟磺草胺的水分散粒劑。
含有40%丙嗪嘧磺隆+60%五氟磺草胺的混合物由以下成分製備:
將丙嗪嘧磺隆、五氟磺草胺按照上述比例混合均勻。
含有20%丙嗪嘧磺隆+60%五氟磺草胺+20%雙苯噁唑酸的混合物由以下成分製備:
將丙嗪嘧磺隆、五氟磺草胺、雙苯噁唑酸按照上述比例混合均勻。
含有60%丙嗪嘧磺隆+20%五氟磺草胺+20%解草嗪的混合物由以下成分製備:
將丙嗪嘧磺隆、五氟磺草胺、解草嗪按照上述比例混合均勻。
含有15%丙嗪嘧磺隆+5%五氟磺草胺+80%解草嗪的混合物由以下成分製備:
將丙嗪嘧磺隆、五氟磺草胺、解草嗪按照上述比例混合均勻。
實施例24:
含有10%丙嗪嘧磺隆+5%五氟磺草胺+85%二氯丙烯胺的混合物由以下成分製備:
將丙嗪嘧磺隆、五氟磺草胺、二氯丙烯胺按照上述比例混合均勻。
含有5%丙嗪嘧磺隆+1%五氟磺草胺+94%吡唑解草酯(mefenpyr-diethyl)的混合物由以下成分製備:
將丙嗪嘧磺隆、五氟磺草胺、吡唑解草酯按照上述比例混合均勻。
生物實施例
實施例26至28說明了本發明的方法和用途的實施例,展示了本發明組合物在控制植株生長方面的效果。
在溫室條件下,在室內將試驗植物種植在標準土壤的栽培基質中。在試驗植物發芽前,將含有丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的除草組
合物施用到試驗植物所種植的土壤表面。
為便於對比,將含有丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺其中一種的對照組合物施用於試驗植物所種植的土壤表面。
在栽種和施藥2-4周後評估試驗植物。在試驗中,丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的組合明顯比對照試驗組更能控制和防止植株生長。具體而言,該試驗結果顯示丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的組合具有明顯的協同增效作用。
該試驗表明,當本發明中的活性成分在萌芽前施用於栽培基質上時,本發明採用丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的組合的方法和組合物可完全防止試驗植物出苗。
當在試驗植物發芽後及子葉期階段進行相同的試驗,則得到類似的試驗結果。在這些試驗中,這些植物在被施藥後,於子葉期後停止生長並在施藥3至4周後死亡。
芽後處理試驗對下列植株(禾本科雜草、闊葉雜草、莎草)進行:千金子(Leptochloachinensis)、繁縷(Stellaria media)、反枝莧(Amaranthus retroflexus)、狗尾草(Setaria viridis)、卷莖蓼(Fallopia(ex Polygonum)Convolvulus)、稗草(Echinochloa crusgalli)、檾麻(Abuthilon theophrasti)、水稻(Oryza sativa)、野慈姑(Sagittariatrifolia)、澤瀉(Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome)、鴨舌草(Herb of Pygmy Arrowhead)、雨久花(Monochoria korsakowii)、陌上菜(Lindernia procumbens)、螢藺(Scirpus juncoides Roxb)、異型莎草(Cyperus diffomis L.)。上述植株被認為是農作物尤其是水稻中的有害植物。
將有害植株和水稻的種子或根狀莖塊栽種於泥炭盆(直徑4cm)內的沙土中,並用泥土覆蓋。將泥炭盆放置在溫室中,保持溫度適宜。
此外,將有害植株單獨栽種於泥炭盆中。
保持盆中的水位高於泥土2cm。
培育3周後,植株將從一葉期發育至三葉期,這時用以下製劑處理植株:1.丙嗪嘧磺隆;2.五氟磺草胺;及3.丙嗪嘧磺隆+五氟磺草胺
將製劑用水稀釋後施用於植株。
施藥後,將泥炭盆放置於溫室中,保持最佳溫度,做進一步培育。
在施藥後21天,目測除草劑的效能。
目測分數代表經藥劑處理的植株和對照組植株的比較結果。分數0%意味著無除草活性。分數100%意味著有完全的除草活性(雜草被完全消滅)。
當包括兩種活性化合物的組合物的除草活性大於單獨施用這兩種活性化合物的總活性時,則兩種活性化合物的組合能產生協同增效作用。兩種活性化合物的特定組合的預期活性可使用所謂的"Colby公式"(參見S.R.Colby,"Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations“,Weeds 1967,15,20-22)計算:其中:
A=當活性化合物A的施用率為m g/ha時,化合物A的活性百分比;B=當活性化合物B的施用率為n g/ha時,化合物B的活性百分比;E=當化合物A和B以m g/ha及n g/ha的施用率同時施用時的預期百分比;則:E=A+B-(A×B/100)
如果觀察到的化合物A和B的組合的實際活性大於計算結果,則該組合的活性顯示出超加性作用,即存在協同增效作用。
上述試驗結果總結於下表1中。
從表1的結果可以看出,丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的組合可有效地控制多種雜草,包括一年生禾本科雜草、莎草科雜草和闊葉雜草,特別是生長在水稻田中的情況。根據試驗結果可以看出,一起施用丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的除草效果明顯較單獨施用丙嗪嘧磺隆或者五氟磺草胺更佳。具體地,結果顯示丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的組合具備協同增效作用。此外,活性組分的組合在低施用率下保持高的除草活性。丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的組合較於其中任意一種成分單獨施用來說,具有更廣的殺草譜範圍,可用於多種雜草的綜合治理。使用活性成分的組合能夠控制抗除草劑的雜草,減少目標雜草產生的耐藥性。
試驗植株小麥、玉米、大豆、甜菜、甘蔗、棉花、大米、豆、亞麻、大麥、燕麥、黑麥、小黑麥、油菜、土豆和小米在溫室中的塑膠罐內生長至四葉期。在試驗植株上分別施用丙嗪嘧磺隆,包含丙嗪嘧磺隆和安全劑的組合物,丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的混合物,
以及丙嗪嘧磺隆、五氟磺草胺和安全劑的混合物。
施藥三周後,評估施藥對試驗植株的毒性。100%代表毒性強(試驗植株全部死亡)。0%代表無毒。
觀察發現,添加安全劑(尤其是解草嗪、解草啶、二氯丙烯胺、吡唑解草酯和雙苯惡唑酸(乙基))後,丙嗪嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的組合對試驗植株的毒性明顯減少。
Claims (51)
- 一種包含組分(A)和(B)的除草組合物,其中組分(A)為化合物丙嗪嘧磺隆,其分子式(I)為:
- 如請求項1之除草劑組合物,其中組分(A)與組分(B)的重量比為100:1至1:100。
- 如請求項2之除草劑組合物,其中組分(A)與組分(B)的重量比為50:1至1:50。
- 如請求項3之除草劑組合物,其中組分(A)與組分(B)的重量比為10:1至1:10。
- 如請求項4之除草劑組合物,其中組分(A)與組分(B)的重量比為5:1至1:5。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之除草劑組合物,其中組分(A)與組分(B)的總量占組合物的5至90重量%。
- 如請求項6之除草劑組合物,其中組分(A)與組分(B)的總量占組合物的10至80重量%。
- 如請求項7之除草劑組合物,其中組分(A)與組分(B)的總量占組合物的30至50重量%。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之除草劑組合物,其中該組合物的劑型選自下組:可濕性粉劑(WP)、乳油(EC)、懸浮劑(SC)、微囊懸浮劑(CS)、微乳劑(ME)、乳劑,如水乳劑(EW),或懸乳劑(SE)、水分散粒劑(WDG)、超低容量液劑(ULV),或混合劑型。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之除草劑組合物,其還包含一種或多種選自下列之化合物:安全劑、殺真菌劑、殺蟲劑、殺蟎劑、殺線蟲劑、驅鳥液、土壤調節劑、植物營養劑(化肥)、植物生長調節劑、微量營養素及不同於組分(A)和(B)的除草劑。
- 如請求項10之除草劑組合物,其中該組合物中包含安全劑。
- 如請求項11之除草劑組合物,其中該安全劑能有效減少藥劑對一種或多種農作物的毒性,所述農作物選自小麥、大麥、黑麥、燕麥、玉米、大米、小米、甜菜、甘蔗、油菜、棉花和大豆。
- 如請求項11或12之除草劑組合物,其中該安全劑選自解草嗪(benoxacor)、解毒喹(cloquintocet(-mexyl))、解草胺腈(cyometrinil)、環丙磺醯胺(cyprosulfamide)、二氯丙烯胺(dichlormid)、雙環隆(dicyclonon)、O-苯基硫代磷酸O,O-二乙基酯(dietholate)、解草唑(fenchlorazole(-ethyl))、解草啶(fenclorim)、解草安(flurazole)、氟草肟(fluxofenim)、解草惡唑(furilazole)、雙苯惡唑酸(isoxadifen(-ethyl))、吡唑解草酯(mefenpyr(-diethyl))、甲基氨基甲酸4-氯苯基酯(methyl carbamate 4-mephenate)、萘二甲酸酐、解草腈(oxabetrinil)及它們的混合物。
- 如請求項11至13中任一項之除草劑組合物,其中具除草活性的化合物與安全劑的重量比為90000:1至1:5000。
- 如請求項14之除草劑組合物,其中具除草活性化合物與安全劑的重量比為3000:1至1:500。
- 如請求項15之除草劑組合物,其中具除草活性的化合物與安全劑的重量比為20:1至1:100。
- 一種在植株所在位置控制生長的方法,該方法包括在該所在位置施用組分(A)和(B),其中組分(A)為化合物丙嗪嘧磺隆,其分子式(I)為:
- 如請求項17之方法,其中該組分(A)與組分(B)的重量比為100:1至1:100。
- 如請求項18之方法,其中該組分(A)與組分(B)的重量比為50:1至1:50。
- 如請求項19之方法,其中該組分(A)與組分(B)的重量比為10:1至1:10。
- 如請求項20之方法,其中該組分(A)與組分(B)的重量比為5:1至1:5。
- 如請求項17至21中任一項之方法,其中該組分(A)與組分(B)以選自下列劑型施用:可濕性粉劑(WP)、乳油(EC)、懸浮劑(SC)、微囊懸浮劑(CS)、微乳劑(ME)、乳劑,如水乳劑(EW),或懸乳劑(SE)、水分散粒劑(WDG)、超低容量液劑(ULV),或混合劑型。
- 如請求項17至22中任一項之方法,該方法還包括在該所在位置施用一種或多種選自下列的化合物:如安全劑、殺真菌劑、殺蟲劑、殺蟎劑、殺線蟲劑、驅鳥液、土壤調節劑、植物營養劑(化肥)、植物生長調節劑、微量營養素及不同於組分(A)和(B)的除草劑。
- 如請求項22之方法,其中該方法包括使用安全劑。
- 如請求項23之方法,其中該安全劑能有效減少藥劑對一種或多種農作物的毒性,所述農作物選自小麥、大麥、黑麥、燕麥、玉米、大米、小米、甜菜、甘蔗、油菜、棉花和大豆。
- 如請求項23或24之方法,其中該安全劑選自解草嗪、解毒喹、解草胺腈、環丙磺醯胺、二氯丙烯胺、雙環隆、O-苯基硫代磷酸O,O-二乙基酯、解草唑、解草啶、解草安、氟草肟、解草惡唑、雙苯惡唑酸、吡唑解草酯、甲基氨基甲酸4-氯苯基酯、萘二甲酸酐、解草腈及它們的混合物。
- 如請求項24至26中任一項之方法,其中該具除草活性化合物與安全劑的重量比為90000:1至1:5000。
- 如請求項27之方法,其中該具除草活性的化合物與安全劑的重量比為3000:1至1:500。
- 如請求項28之方法,其中該具除草活性的化合物與安全劑的重量比為20:1至1:100。
- 如請求項17至29中任一項之方法,其中所述植株為單子葉和雙子葉植株。
- 如請求項30之方法,其中該單子葉植株包括稗屬、黍屬、早熟禾屬、千金子屬、臂形草屬、馬唐屬、狗尾草屬、莎草、鴨舌屬、飄拂草、慈姑屬、荸薺屬、藨草屬,澤瀉屬、水竹葉屬、水篩屬、穀精草屬和眼子菜屬,如稗、鴨舌、牛毛氈、荸薺屬、異型莎草、莎草、矮慈菇、窄葉澤瀉及螢藺的其中一種或多種。
- 如請求項30之方法,其中該雙子葉植株包括蓼屬、節節菜屬、陌上屬、鬼針草屬、尖瓣花屬、蛇眼屬、旱蓮屬、溝繁屬、水八角屬、陌上屬、丁香屬、水芹屬、毛茛屬和澤番椒屬,例如節節菜,尖瓣花、陌上菜、丁香匍匐、眼子菜、三藥溝繁和水芹的其中一種或多種。
- 如請求項17至32中任一項之方法,其中該組分(A)和(B)同時及/或相繼施用。
- 如請求項17至33中任一項之方法,其中該組分(A)和(B)在植株發芽前及/或後施用。
- 如請求項17至34中任一項之方法,其中將該組分(A)和(B)施用於植株材料上。
- 如請求項35之方法,其中該植株材料為種子。
- 如請求項17至36中任一項之方法,其中該組分(A)和(B)以請求項1至16中任一項之的組合物形式施用。
- 如請求項17至37中任一項之方法,其中該所在位置包括選自在亞麻、黑小麥、小麥、大麥、黑麥、燕麥、水稻、玉米、小米、甜菜、甘蔗、油菜、棉花、向日葵、煙豆、大豆、馬鈴薯、韭菜、捲心菜、胡蘿蔔、番茄和洋蔥的農作物,或者該所在位置包括牧場、綠地或草坪。
- 如請求項38之方法,其中該農作物為水稻。
- 如請求項17至37中任一項之方法,其中該所在位置為果實種植園。
- 如請求項17至37中任一項之方法,其中該所在位置為非農耕區。
- 一種組分(A)和(B)的組合在控制植株生長中的用途,其中組分(A)為化合物丙嗪嘧磺隆,其分子式(I)為:
- 如請求項42之用途,用於保護選自下列之農作物:亞麻、黑小麥、小麥、大麥、黑麥、燕麥、水稻、玉米、小米、甜菜、甘蔗、油菜、棉花、向日葵、煙豆、大豆、馬鈴薯、韭菜、捲心菜、胡蘿蔔、番茄、洋蔥,或者用於保護牧場、綠地或草坪。
- 如請求項43之用途,其中該農作物為水稻。
- 如請求項42之用途,其用於保護果實種植園的農作物。
- 如請求項42之用途,其用於非農耕區。
- 一種安全劑在減少組分(A)和(B)之組合於控制植株生長時產生之毒性的用途,其中組分(A)為化合物丙嗪嘧磺隆,其分子式(I)為:
- 如請求項47之用途,其中該安全劑能有效減少對一種或多種選自小麥、大麥、黑麥、燕麥、玉米、大米、小米,甜菜、甘蔗、油菜、棉花和大豆中的農作物的毒性。
- 如請求項47或48之用途,其中該安全劑選自解草嗪、解毒喹、解草胺腈、環丙磺醯胺、二氯丙烯胺、雙環隆(dicyclonon)、O-苯基硫代磷酸O,O-二乙基酯、解草唑、解草啶、解草安、氟草肟、解草惡唑、雙苯惡唑酸、吡唑解草酯、甲基氨基甲酸4-氯苯基酯、萘二甲酸酐、解草腈及它們的混合物。
- 一種實質上如上文所述的組合物。
- 一種實質上如上文所述的控制植株生長的方法。
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TW200513183A (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-04-16 | Sumitomo Chem Takeda Agro Co | Herbicide composition |
JP2008201693A (ja) * | 2007-02-19 | 2008-09-04 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | 水田用混合除草剤組成物 |
WO2010104090A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-11 | 2010-09-16 | 住友化学株式会社 | 除草組成物および雑草の防除方法 |
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CN101642123B (zh) * | 2009-08-24 | 2013-06-05 | 陕西上格之路生物科学有限公司 | 一种水稻田除草剂组合物 |
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CN103347390B (zh) * | 2010-10-28 | 2016-03-23 | 陶氏益农公司 | 含有五氟磺草胺和氨磺乐灵的协同性除草组合物 |
JP2012171928A (ja) * | 2011-02-22 | 2012-09-10 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 除草組成物および雑草の防除方法 |
JP2012171929A (ja) * | 2011-02-22 | 2012-09-10 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 除草組成物および雑草の防除方法 |
US8871681B2 (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-10-28 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | Herbicidal compositions comprising 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl) pyridine-2-carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof and certain sulfonylureas |
WO2014033241A1 (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-03-06 | Basf Se | Use of an agrochemical composition with fungicidal and plant health improving action in rice |
CN104054735B (zh) * | 2013-05-10 | 2015-10-14 | 步康明 | 含氟唑磺隆的麦田除草剂组合物 |
CN103271064A (zh) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-09-04 | 江苏龙灯化学有限公司 | 一种除草组合物 |
CN103283760B (zh) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-10 | 联保作物科技有限公司 | 一种稻田除草组合物及其制剂 |
CN104145979A (zh) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-11-19 | 苏州市新泾村农业基地专业合作社 | 一种水稻移栽田杂草除草剂及其施用方法 |
CN104186516B (zh) * | 2014-08-14 | 2015-10-07 | 山东滨农科技有限公司 | 一种含有嘧啶肟草醚的水稻田除草剂组合物 |
CN104823999A (zh) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-08-12 | 广东中迅农科股份有限公司 | 含有丙嗪嘧磺隆和丙草胺以及五氟磺草胺的除草组合物 |
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