RU2716981C1 - Vertical bed - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agriculture. Vertical bed is a cassette configured to be secured on a vertical surface and consisting of longitudinal rectangular channels filled with a substrate. Rectangular channels have common walls, internal size of each rectangular channel is 50×100 mm, and length of cassette is from 2,000 to 6,000 mm. On one side of the cassette, in each of the rectangular channels, there is a longitudinal slot along the entire length with width of 30 mm. Lengthwise slot is made in middle of channel so that between channels walls and slot there are uncut parts intended for substrate holding, which after interaction with nutrient solution supplied from above and under action of gravity flowing downwards into drainage, swells and densely fills all space of rectangular channel.

EFFECT: invention provides higher efficiency of growing plants with simultaneous rational use of space and ease of use.

6 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, specifically to growing plants in a soilless environment with artificial lighting, in enclosed spaces.

A device for growing plants is known that contains an inclined base coated with a polymer substrate with supports mounted on it across the supports, in which vertical partitions are placed along the base, forming a container for the substrate and channels for the nutrient solution between them, a drain collector, while the channels are closed by covers and the fasteners are made in the form of wires stretched at the level of the upper and lower boundaries of the vertical partitions, and the vertical partitions in the form of a zigzag sides to the polymer ribbon on wires, some of which form a ridge bottom tanks, and other channels of the lid, while in a bearing situated at the bottom of the base, the opening configured to discharge the nutrient solution (RU 2048070 C1, 20.11.1995).

A multi-tiered plant growing plant is known, including a number of containers placed vertically in one another of translucent material, the lower and upper of which contain a bottom, with each container made of a colorless plastic bottle having a neck, body and bottom, which is converted into a container for growing plants, while the lower tank has the form of a glass and is a fixing element for the subsequent intermediate tanks, and intermediate tanks with removed bottoms and the upper tanks are placed the neck down to the previous tank, in addition, the neck has perforated holes evenly spaced along its surface, and the tank bodies are equipped with an opening of 7-8 cm to fill the neck with soil, planting material and watering (RU 142988 U1, 07/10/2014) .

A device is known indoor-yard vertical beds containing separate interconnected sections equipped with holes for planting and watering, while additionally equipped with a base, at the bottom of which are symmetrically located at least two protrusions - legs, trays with a funnel and axial rod and separate detachable sections between themselves are made in the form of cassettes, and the surface area of the base exceeds the size of the cassettes connected to the latter by 10 to 30 cm to ensure stability, with this, in the center of the base there is a threaded hole for installing the axial rod and a round groove for connecting to the axial rod using a thread, which is located in the lower part of the axial rod and washer jumper to support the tray, and in the upper part the axial rod has an open upper threaded hole for connection the next axial rod, while in the center of the cassette a hollow tubular hole is made, the diameter of which is 0.5-0.7 mm larger than the outer diameter of the axial rod with the possibility of conveniently connecting the axial rod to the checkout at least two openings for planting symmetrically located at least two openings for planting are made in the wall of the cassette, the tray being made in the form of a cassette, respectively, with protruding, rigidly fixed plates with the possibility of simultaneously making a cover for the cassette and the tray for loading water and solutions this distribution plates are installed inside the tray, one of which is installed opposite the funnel for uniform distribution of water or solutions into the holes, the latter being made with the possibility of distribution laying above the roots of plants for uniform spreading of water directly to the roots, and on the inner working plane of the tray in the central part, a hollow tubular hole is made, the diameter of which is 0.5-0.7 mm larger than the outer diameter of the axial rod with the possibility of connecting to the next axial rod ( RU 2436286 C1, 12.20.2011).

The main disadvantage of these devices is the inability to use them, both in vertical and horizontal position, which is necessary to facilitate the work with planted plants, while at the same time efficiently using the room area.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is the creation of a convenient vertical bed for hydroponic method of growing plants in use.

The technical result achieved in solving the problem is to increase the efficiency of growing plants, due to the rational use of space, as well as a significant increase in labor productivity.

To achieve the technical result, a vertical bed is proposed, which is a cassette made with the possibility of mounting on a vertical surface and consisting of longitudinal rectangular channels that are filled with a substrate, while the rectangular channels are made with common walls, the internal size of each rectangular channel is 50 × 100 mm, and the length of the cartridge is from 2000 to 6000 mm, while on one of the sides of the cartridge, in each of the rectangular channels, a longitudinal cut is made along the entire length 30 mm, and a longitudinal slot is made in the middle of the channel so that between the walls of the channel and the slot there are uncut parts intended to hold the substrate, which, after interacting with the nutrient solution supplied from above and flowing down into the drainage by gravity, swells and densely fills everything rectangular channel space.

Preferably, the number of channels in the cassette is from 5 to 10 pcs.

Preferably, the wall thickness of the rectangular channels is 2-4 mm.

Preferably, a chemically inert material with an open porous and / or mesh structure is used as a substrate.

Preferably, the cassette is made of inert hard plastic, preferably PVC or PET.

Preferably, the cassette is made of an inert flexible water-repellent material on a plastic or metal frame.

In FIG. 1 shows a cassette located in an upright position, specifically, an empty cassette, a cassette with large plants, a cassette with small plants.

In FIG. 2 shows a cassette in cross section, specifically, an empty cassette, a cassette filled with substrate and plants.

A vertical bed is proposed, which is a cassette made with the possibility of mounting on a vertical surface and consisting of longitudinal rectangular channels that are filled with a substrate.

The cassette can be made of either hard material or soft. In the case of hard execution, the material for the cartridge may be an inert plastic, such as PVC or PET. At the same time, the use of recycled materials is possible. In a soft design, the material for the production of the cartridge can be an inert flexible water-repellent material on a plastic or metal frame, which serves as a walling for the substrate and the nutrient solution circulating in it.

Rectangular channels are made with common walls, the internal size of each rectangular channel is 50 × 100 mm, and the length of the cartridge from 2000 to 6000 mm. Moreover, it is preferable that the number of channels in the cassette is from 5 to 10 pieces, and the wall thickness of the rectangular channels is preferably 2-4 mm. These parameters were established experimentally, as a result of a series of experiments and experiments, and were caused by the need for more efficient use of production facilities and ease of use of the device, in particular, the length of the cassette is calculated based on the average height of the room, which is intended for growing plants. The number of channels in the cassette is selected so that the width of the cassette allows the employee to work the entire length of the outstretched arm, which certainly significantly increases labor productivity.

On one side of the cassette, in each of the rectangular channels, a longitudinal slot is made along the entire length of 30 mm wide. Moreover, the longitudinal slot is made in the middle of the channel so that between the walls of the channel and the slot there are uncut parts intended to hold the substrate, which, after interacting with the nutrient solution supplied from above and flowing down into the drainage by gravity, swells and densely fills the entire space of the rectangular channel.

As a substrate, it is preferable to use a chemically inert material with an open porous and / or mesh structure.

During operation, the channels of the vertical beds are filled with a substrate and plants are planted in them, similar work with the vertical beds is carried out in a horizontal position, at an ergonomic height for humans. Plants can be arranged in a checkerboard pattern, which is convenient when working with large plants, and strictly one after another, which is preferable when working with small plants. After the vertical bed is filled, it is suspended vertically, for example, on a wall or any other vertical surface. All plants in the growth process are located in vertical channels, at an angle of 90 degrees to the floor surface. The nutrient solution is supplied from above and, under the action of gravity, flows down into the drainage. With such a supply, the nutrient solution enters the drainage and storage tank much faster, which reduces the evaporation of water. In addition, when placed vertically, light does not get on the nutrient solution, which avoids the propagation of algae. Planted plants are kept from falling out of the canal due to the fact that the substrate, when wet (moistened with a nutrient solution), swells and fills the entire space of the canal, moreover, uncut parts adjoining the walls of the canals provide additional support. After the growth of plants ends, the vertical bed is removed from the wall and placed horizontally in a place convenient for further work and at a height convenient for the employee.

Operation of the proposed vertical beds has confirmed that it is convenient to use for hydroponic plant cultivation, and also allows the most efficient use of the space of the room intended for plant growth, with a significant increase in labor productivity.

Claims (6)

1. A vertical bed, characterized in that it is a cassette made with the possibility of mounting on a vertical surface and consisting of longitudinal rectangular channels that are filled with a substrate, while the rectangular channels are made with common walls, the internal size of each rectangular channel is 50 × 100 mm and the length of the cartridge is from 2000 to 6000 mm, while on one side of the cartridge, in each of the rectangular channels, a longitudinal slot is made over the entire length of 30 mm wide, and the longitudinal slot is made about the middle of the channel so that between the walls of the channel and the slot there are uncut parts intended to hold the substrate, which, after interacting with the nutrient solution supplied from above and flowing down into the drainage by gravity, swells and densely fills the entire space of the rectangular channel. 2. The vertical bed under item 1, characterized in that the number of channels in the cassette from 5 to 10 pcs. 3. The vertical bed according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall thickness of the rectangular channels is 2-4 mm. 4. The vertical bed according to claim 1, characterized in that a chemically inert material with an open porous and / or mesh structure is used as a substrate. 5. The vertical bed according to claim 1, characterized in that the cassette is made of inert hard plastic, preferably PVC or PET. 6. The vertical bed according to claim 1, characterized in that the cassette is made of an inert flexible water-repellent material on a plastic or metal frame.

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