RU2710705C1 - External centraliser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for centering welding of ends of parts in the form of cylindrical bodies of revolution. Outer centralizer comprises two semi-rings with end surface each interconnected at their ends, each of which is made in the form of one flat annular segment. Surface is directly inner surface of centralizer semi-rings. First and second ends of each semi-ring are connected by fixing device, having the possibility of adjusting force of semi-rings pressing to surface of jointed parts. On inner surface of centralizer in middle of its width there is an annular slot for filling it with protective gas, which is covered with perforated distributor. In the middle of the groove at least four radial through holes are made with equal pitch relative to each other, plugged with detachable elements with fixation. Holes are designed for visual observation of accuracy of joining edges of parts for welding, for supply of protective gas to welding zone and for visual observation of presence of penetration during welding of parts from inside.

EFFECT: expansion of technological capabilities, improvement of accuracy of centering of parts for welding and quality of welding.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of welding, in particular, to auxiliary equipment - devices designed to provide centering of the ends of cylindrical bodies of revolution during welding.

An external centralizer is known, consisting of sectors with drive centering cams and wedge mechanisms securing the sectors, each of which is made in the form of protrusions located in the junction of the sectors and in contact with the reciprocal inclined surfaces on the tightening frame. On the protrusions there are movable supports with flats on which contact is made with reciprocal inclined surfaces on the frame (RF patent No. 2102213, IPC V23K 37/053, publ. 01.20.1998).

Common features of the analogue and the claimed design of the external centralizer are:

- the design is made in the form of two half rings connected at the ends;

- in the joint zone of the half rings are locking mechanisms.

The disadvantages of the known external centralizer are:

- the design of the centralizer does not provide uniform preloading of the edges along the entire length of the joint, since preloading is carried out over a small area of contact with the surface of the parts to be joined for welding, namely, over the thrust surface of the drive cams driven by individual drive mechanisms;

- does not provide a protective gas supply to the welding zone, there is no protection against oxidation of the weld, which negatively affects the quality of the welds;

- the design of the centralizer is complex, consists of many assembly units.

Known utility model No. 124208, IPC V23K 37/053, publ. 01/20/2013 on an external centralizer, which consists of two half rings with stops, the first ends of each half ring are connected by an axis, the second ends of each half ring are connected by a jack earring fixed on the first half ring, through a hook installed on the second end of the second half ring, each half ring is made in the form one flat ring segment, centering stops are welded to each flat ring segment, each of which is made of two elements located symmetrically from each other on opposite sides of the plane th ring segment.

Common features of the prototype and the claimed design of the centralizer are:

- the design is made in the form of two semi-rings connected at the ends with a thrust surface;

- each half ring is made in the form of one flat segment;

- the first ends of each half ring are interconnected;

- the second ends of each half ring are fixed by a clamping mechanism.

The disadvantages of the known external centralizer are: The design of the centralizer does not provide uniform preloading of the edges along the entire length of the joint of the parts, as well as the supply of protective gas during welding from the inside. This is due to the fact that the first ends of each half ring are rigidly connected by an axis, and the centralizer half rings are pressed by means of a clamping mechanism, a hook-earring, mounted on the second ends of the half rings. The clamping of the centralizer half rings is carried out not around the entire perimeter of the parts to be joined, but only in the places where the centering stops of the half rings are installed, which does not provide a uniform distribution of the clamping force, and as a result, the centering of the butt ends of the parts for welding is accurate, local displacement of the edges of the parts is possible. The disadvantages of the known centralizer also include its limited technological capabilities - the lack of the ability to supply protective gas to the outer surfaces of the joined parts when welding from the inside. The inability to visually observe the accuracy of centering of the abutting edges of the parts, as well as the penetration of the weld when welding from the inside.

All this together leads to a decrease in the quality of welding.

The objective of the invention is to create a design of the external centralizer with advanced technological capabilities, providing improved centering accuracy of parts by increasing the area of its contact with the surface of the parts to be joined for welding, improving the quality of welding.

When solving this problem, the following technical result is achieved:

- improving the accuracy of centering parts for welding;

- improving the quality of welding;

- the ability to conduct welding, both outside and inside the parts being welded;

- the possibility of supplying a protective gas to the welding zone;

- visual observation of centering accuracy

parts for welding, as well as immediately after the welding process;

The figure shows a general view of the external centralizer.

The problem with the achievement of the technical result is solved by the fact that in the well-known external centralizer, containing two interconnected at the ends of the half ring with a thrust surface, each half ring is made in the form of one flat ring segment, the second ends of each half ring are connected by a locking device. According to the invention, the first ends of each half-ring are also connected by means of a fixing device capable of regulating the pressing force of the half-rings to the surface of the parts to be joined, an annular groove is made on the inner surface of the centralizer in the middle of its width, covered by a perforated shielding gas distributor, in the middle of the width of the annular groove made with equal steps relative to each other each other, at least 4 radial through holes, plugged with removable elements with fixation, designed which are used for visual observation of the accuracy of joining the edges of the parts for welding, for supplying a protective gas to the welding zone and for visual observation of the presence of melt when welding parts from the inside, and the internal surface of the half rings is the stop surface.

Claimed as an invention, the external centralizer consists of two interconnected at the ends of the half rings 1,2, each of which is made in the form of one flat ring segment. The first and second ends of the half rings 1,2 are connected by means of a fixing device having the ability to control the force of their pressing against the surface of the parts to be joined. The fixing device can be structurally performed as follows: At the ends of the half ring 1, eyelets 3 are welded. On each eye 3, an adjustable gripping device is fixed, consisting of an axis 4, a washer 5, cotter pins 6. On the axles 4, bolts 7 with nuts 8 are dressed. At the ends of the half ring 2 plugs are welded 9. The centering of the abutting edges of the parts is carried out by installing bolts 7 in the plugs 9 followed by tightening with nuts 8. An annular groove 10 is made on the inner surface of the centralizer in the middle of its width to fill it with protective gas to protect the molten weld metal from oxidation during welding. Groove 10 is closed by a shielding gas distributor. The distributor is a flat plate 11 with openings 12 open on it along the entire contour 12. The distributor is designed for uniform distribution of protective gas in the weld zone. In the middle of the width of the annular groove 10, at least 4 through radial holes 13, muffled by removable sleeves 14, fixed by screws 15, are made with equal pitch relative to each other. Holes 13 are used for visual observation of the accuracy of joining the edges of parts for welding (clearance and offset control edges), as well as for uniform supply of protective gas into the groove 10 and, accordingly, into the welding zone of the welded products, for visual inspection of the presence of penetration during welding. The execution of the width of the annular groove of 10 holes in the amount of at least 4 with equal pitch relative to each other is determined on the basis of the condition for ensuring uniform distribution of gas in the groove 10. Rubber sleeves are put on the sleeves 14 when preparing work for welding parts to supply protective gas to the zone welding.

Work with the centralizer is as follows.

On the assembled parts, a half ring 2 with forks 9 at each end is installed at the top in the center of the joint. From the bottom, on the assembled parts, install the second half ring 1 with eyes 3 at each end, while the bolts 7 with nuts 8 are installed and fixed in the forks 9 of the half ring 2. Using the wrench, tighten the nuts 7 evenly on each side, adjusting the force of the centralizer to the surface of the joints parts to center them. In this case, the abutment surface is directly the inner surface of the semicircles of 1.2, due to which the contact area of the abutment surface (the inner surface of the centralizer) with the surface of the parts to be joined for welding increases and, as a result, when the semicircles of 1.2 are preloaded, the compressive forces are distributed evenly around the entire perimeter of the joint parts, which increases the accuracy of their centering. Check the alignment of the ends of the parts through the radial through holes 13 in four zones. Next, the shielding gas supply is installed in the groove 10, for this, sleeves 14 are installed in the holes 13, they are fixed with screws 15 and rubber hoses for supplying the shielding gas are installed on the sleeving tubes 14, while the shielding gas passes through the holes 13, the distributor - perforated plate 11 s holes 12, providing uniform distribution of the protective gas in the welding zone.

In the process of welding from the inside, a visual observation is made from the outside of the presence of the weld penetration; for this, the sleeve 14 is temporarily disconnected from the through hole 13.

The external centralizer in comparison with the prototype provides the expansion of technological capabilities, increasing the accuracy of centering of parts for welding, improving the quality of welding.

Claims (1)

An external centralizer of cylindrical parts during their welding in shielding gases, containing two interconnected at the ends of the half rings with a thrust surface, each half ring made in the form of one flat ring segment, and the second ends of each half ring are connected by a fixing device, characterized in that the first ends of each the half rings are also connected by means of a fixing device having the ability to control the pressing force of the half rings to the surface of the parts to be joined, while on the inner surface In the middle of its width, an annular groove is made for filling it with protective gas, covered by a perforated distributor, and in the middle of the annular groove, at least four radial through holes are muffled, plugged by removable elements with their fixation and intended for visual observation of accuracy joining the edges of the parts for welding, for supplying protective gas through them to the welding zone and for visual observation of penetration during welding hoists inside, and the persistent surface of the said half rings is their inner surface.

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