RU2664312C2 - Method for length cutting of logs along spiral of archimedes and machine for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: woodworking industry.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the woodworking industry, in particular, to length cutting of logs. At first, a workpiece of a given thickness and width is cut out. Then, using a angular movement mechanism, the log is turned counterclockwise to the thickness of the workpiece. When each next workpiece is cut out, the deepening towards the center of the log progresses uniformly along the uniformly rotating radius, creating the effect of Archimedes' spiral. Machine for longitudinal cutting of logs consists of a frame of the log fixing body, mechanism of clamping logs, log turning device and saw blades. Machine is additionally equipped with a CNC indicating device, which, using the set parameters, can consistently process the whole log, progressing uniformly to the center along a uniformly rotating radius, creating the effect of Archimedes' spiral.EFFECT: higher efficiency.2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to woodworking and can be used to obtain blanks with a radial arrangement of wood fibers.

A known method of manufacturing radial lumber, which consists in the fact that round timber is first sawn on a sawmill frame on the core boards and segments. After that, the segments are cut, receiving radial lumber from the middle part, and sectors from the side zones. Sectors are sawn, placing them in the sawmill with the outer surface down so that the cut planes are parallel to the radial. The obtained blanks are cut off at the circular saw (see Mezhov IS, Osipova LK Production of radial lumber and blanks. - M.: Woodworking industry, 1966, No. 3, p. 8-10).

The disadvantage of this method is its high complexity due to the need to perform several sequential operations on various machines, as well as the insufficient yield due to the use of universal equipment not suitable for the production of special lumber.

A known method of manufacturing radial lumber, which allows to increase the output of sawn products (RF patent No. 2045387, IPC B27B 1/00). This method consists in performing radial cuts in the ridge, dividing the ridge into sectors for sawing them into trapezoidal cross-sections, one of the layers of each of which is formed when separating from the central zone of the ridge, in connecting the blanks to semi-finished products along the faces formed by the radial cuts, and when turning every second workpiece around the longitudinal axis by 180 degrees while combining the ends of the same name with trapezoidal workpieces.

The disadvantage of this method is the high complexity of manufacturing products due to the complexity of the process and the need to perform a large number of operations with a significant amount of mechanized labor, there is a decrease in output due to wood losses during the formation of rectangular timber by removing the peripheral and central zones of the workpieces after gluing.

A known machine for the manufacture of radial sawn blanks (RF patent No. 53210, IPC B27C 1/00). For the production of wood parts, this machine uses a half-log, sawn or split in half in diameter. The cutting plane is the basis for laying the half-log on the movable carriage of the machine, which has a hydraulic clamp, a system of longitudinal movement along four saw units, mechanisms for lateral and angular movement of the platform with a half-log and automatic adjustment of the cutting units of the machine to a given part size. The semi-log conveyor transmits the semi-log to the saw units to the end switch on the outside of the part and rotates counterclockwise to the switch along the lower plane of the half log. Then two other horizontal and vertical saws are set to the size of the part to be cut and the longitudinal movement of the carriage is activated. After cutting one part, the half-log is rotated by the thickness of the part, and the cycle is repeated until the first half-ring is sawn into blanks of a specified size. Then the semi-log is again moved to the saws to the width of the part using the mechanism of transverse movement of the workpiece and the next half-ring is processed. The disadvantage is the small dynamics during the operation of the machine, since the forward and reverse stroke of the movable carriage, with a fixed half-log, takes longer and requires more space, which limits the length of the processed half-log to 1 meter.

The closest analogue is a method of sawing radial blanks from a half-log (RF patent No. 2310555, IPC B27B 1/00), by which the log is sawn in half along its axis, then laid with the base surface, which coincides with the radius of the log, on a movable carriage, and the transverse movement mechanism is also fixed half logs are fed into the processing zone to the width of the workpiece, where a workpiece of a given thickness and width is successively cut with saw-milling units, after which the half-log is rotated counterclockwise by the angular movement mechanism arrows on the thickness of the workpiece. The cycle is repeated until the entire half-ring is cut, then the half-log is again set to its original position and fed into the processing zone to the width of the workpiece, and the cycle is repeated until the entire half-log is sawn into blanks.

Using this method requires preliminary sawing the log in half along the longitudinal axis, which increases the complexity of the production of blanks.

The challenge facing the author is to create a method of sawing logs, which allows to increase the productivity of the machine for the manufacture of sawn blanks.

The problem is solved thanks to the longitudinal cutting of the logs in a spiral of Archimedes, in the opposite direction, from the extreme point to the middle of its circumference.

The Archimedes spiral is a plane curve that is described by a point moving uniformly translationally from the center along a uniformly rotating radius.

In FIG. 1 shows a scheme for cutting a workpiece part with saw units.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the implementation of the claimed method of longitudinal cutting of a log in a spiral of Archimedes.

In FIG. 3 shows a machine for cutting logs in a spiral of Archimedes (side view).

In FIG. 4 shows a machine for cutting logs in a spiral of Archimedes (front view).

To implement this method requires a machine consisting of:

1. CNC digital readout devices.

2. Equipment housings.

3. Tool cabinet.

4. Electric motor rotary device logs.

5. The mechanism for clamping the pine logs.

6. The rotary device of the log.

7. Logs.

8. Details of the workpiece.

9. Frames of the frame for attaching the log.

10. The vertical linear module.

11. The electric motor of vertical cutting.

12. The electric motor of horizontal cutting.

13. The horizontal linear module.

14. The stepper motor (SH) of the horizontal linear module.

15. Stepper motor (BH) of the vertical linear module.

16. Housing block saw units.

17. Magnetic profile rail guide block saw units.

18. Cases of fastening logs with mechanization.

19. Magnetic profile rail guide housing of the machine.

20. The frame body of the block saw units.

21. The rail magnetic track.

22. Racks of lateral stability (anchor).

23. The vertical cutting disc ("a").

24. The vertical cutting disc ("b").

25. The horizontal cutting disc ("a").

26. The horizontal cutting disc ("b").

The method is as follows.

The log 7 from two sides is securely fixed to the machine using the pinole clamping mechanism 5. All parameters for sequential processing of the log and the dimensions of the workpiece 8, which must be obtained at the output, are entered into the indicating device with CNC 1. Using the vertical disks 23, 24 and horizontal 25, 26 cutting, the parts of the workpiece 8 are cut out from the log 7 (Fig. 1). The trunk of the log 7 begins to be cut from its extreme (surface) point by the method of longitudinal cutting along the radius of the log 7 itself (Fig. 2). After each cut part of the workpiece 8, the log 7 is rotated counterclockwise by an angle equal to the thickness of the next part of the workpiece 8, while uniformly translationally deepening to the center of the log along a uniformly rotating radius, creating the effect of an Archimedes spiral. The cycle of cutting the details of the workpiece 8 continues until the log is sawn to its central part - “pencil”.

Step-by-step insertion from the surface to the center of the log 7 with a change in position in the space of the workpiece 8, after each cycle, can also be called the effect of "Baum corrector".

Thus, the task of the invention to create a method of sawing logs, which provides 100% yield of sawn parts of the workpieces with a high useful yield of finished products, is solved.

Claims (2)

1. A method of longitudinal cutting of a log, where a workpiece of a predetermined thickness and width is successively cut, after which the log is rotated counterclockwise by the angular displacement mechanism to the thickness of the workpiece, characterized in that when cutting each next workpiece, the recess to the center of the log is uniformly progressively recessed rotating radius, creating the effect of the spiral of Archimedes. 2. A machine for longitudinal sawing of logs, consisting of a frame of the log mounting frame, a mechanism for clamping the log pins, a rotary device of the log, saw blades, characterized in that the machine is additionally equipped with a CNC indication device, which allows it to sequentially process the whole log uniformly - steadily deepening toward the center along a uniformly rotating radius, creating the effect of a spiral of Archimedes.

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