RU2569971C1 - Target hitting by supersonic cruise missile and device to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: claimed missile comprises airframe, instrument unit with onboard control system hardware units, replaceable self-guidance head, the main fragmentation, piercing and demolition warhead. Additionally, it incorporates extra warhead with identical weight-centring properties relative to the self-guidance head. The mission is generated including aiming point, missile flight path parameters and type of targets to be hit. The missile with replaceable warhead or interchangeable warhead with extra warhead is selected. Changes are made in the flight mission profile subject to the target type. The missile is launched and supported with the diving sections subject to the target type to the point with preset coordinates. The warhead is blasted with programmed undershot to geometrical centre of area target or to target proper.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of hitting.

5 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rocket technology, namely to supersonic cruise missiles (TFR), designed to destroy surface and ground targets, including easily vulnerable surface ground targets, including time-critical mobile targets, such as:

- combat aircraft at airfields based (in an open parking lot or runway),

- launchers, mobile command posts and radars of mobile missile systems,

- Unarmored or lightly armored vehicles and manpower on the march or in areas of concentration;

- stationary control and communication centers, radar stations, fuel-saturated objects and other purposes;

as well as to defeat protected (buried) targets.

Currently, the main means of combating such targets, most of which belong to the class of easily vulnerable ground targets, are fragmentation and high-explosive fragmentation ammunition of bomb bombs, bomb cartridges with controlled dispersal of charges, which allow to hit a large area, guided aviation planning cartridges launched outside the area of air defense of the object, etc. The carriers of most of the above funds are tactical aircraft, their combat use involves participation in the selection of objects and the destruction and guided munitions to target the pilot or operator, on board the aircraft that enemy countermeasures conditions can lead to the loss of the aircraft and their crews.

The invention describes a method of application and a device for its implementation, allowing to expand the combat capabilities of the TFR, designed to destroy these targets, with a minimum amount of re-equipment of the base model, designed to destroy mainly naval targets.

Known cruise missile (CR) "Tomahawk", the design of which is based on a modular principle. Variants of rocket execution, depending on the tasks to be solved, can be equipped with various target equipment, that is, a combination of on-board equipment of the control system (BASU) and combat equipment (warhead (warhead) and explosive device (WU)).

For example:

- the anti-ship version of the Kyrgyz Republic (BGM-109B / E) is equipped with a BASU, the main elements of which are an inertial navigation system (ANS) and an active radar homing head (GOS) of the centimeter range, as well as combat equipment as part of a high-explosive warhead and time delayed warhead;

- A variant of the CR, designed to destroy point-based ground targets (BGM-109C Blok III), is equipped with a BASU with a high-precision ANN, corrected according to the satellite navigation system GPS;

(It is also known that the equipment of consumers of satellite navigation systems (APSN) is also used by many modern anti-ship missiles, for example, NSM (Jane’s Navy International, 2008, No. 6, p.5), 3M-14E (Armada International, 2008, No. 3 [June / July], p. 72), etc.)

- a variant of the KR, designed to disable runways of airfields (BGM-109D), is equipped with a cassette warhead (Rodionov B.I., Novichkov N.N. Cruise missiles in naval combat, Military Publishing House, 1987, p.16).

It should be noted that the installation of the target equipment of the Tomahawk KR, which is different in mass and dimensions, is provided due to the possibility of a significant transformation of the design of the instrument and fuel compartments of the rocket.

At the same time, it should be noted that regardless of the tasks to be solved and the application conditions, all modifications of the Tomahawk CR make a march flight to the target along a typical low-altitude (of the order of several tens of meters) trajectory with a low (M ~ 0.6 ÷ 0.7) subsonic speed. In this regard, the Tomahawk, as well as other subsonic missiles, are characterized by significant flight time, which does not allow us to consider them as means of dealing with time-critical mobile targets; they are also vulnerable to modern air defense systems, such as fighter aircraft.

On the other hand, a number of supersonic Raman systems are known, among which rockets capable of flying both at low (of the order of several tens of meters) and high altitude (10 ÷ 15 or more kilometers) should be distinguished. For example, the “Yakhont” anti-ship cruise missile (RCC), the feature of which is the use of a combined flight path, including high-altitude marching and low-altitude end sections, and high supersonic speed is maintained at all sections of the rocket’s flight path (“Yakhont” is a new generation anti-ship missile, " “Military Parade”, No. 2, 1998, pp. 22-24). Carrier versatility (marine, land, air), a set of flexible trajectories adaptive to the conditions of use, minimum flying time (including time within the areas of possible interception), increased warhead damage (due to the high kinetic energy of the target) ) allowed to significantly increase the combat effectiveness of RCC "Yakhont" on surface targets in comparison with analogues.

The method of application and the device described below, the anti-ship cruise missile (RCC) "Yakhont" in technical essence is the closest to the object of the invention and therefore is considered by the authors as the closest analogue.

The combat properties and potential capabilities of modern TFRs have led to the interest of missile weapon developers in creating universal weapons based on them, both surface and a wide class of ground targets.

However, the “radar observability” of the vast majority of such targets differs significantly from surface ships (NK) and the single coastal objects mentioned above, which have very high radio contrast.

In the general case, the reflection of radio waves from most ground-based objects is orders of magnitude smaller. This significantly complicates the solution of missions for homing the missile launcher for such purposes (this is especially true for homing heads (GOS) of the centimeter range (cm range), which for all its advantages are characterized by low azimuth resolution).

It should also be noted that for all the advantages inherent in supersonic Raman scattering, their design is more conservative compared to subsonic ones, which is expressed in the relative complexity of their “re-equipment to solve new problems.” With regard to the RCC "Yakhont", given the high degree of integration of the elements of the power plant and the rocket as a whole, it is expressed in the need for their substantial improvement, up to redesign. Considering also that the instrument compartment of the RCC “Yakhont” is the central body of the frontal air intake of a ramjet, the access to the warhead is additionally difficult and, if necessary, replacing it with combat equipment “for new purposes” (for example, fragmentation warheads for destruction of surface ground targets) requires the implementation of an additional volume of collapsible work.

It becomes obvious that in case of the defeat of the ground targets by active missiles, the active cm-range radar seeker is most often the “ballast”, while quite accurately (on the order of tens of meters) the defeat of any ground targets can be resolved using the GLONAS or GPS satellite consumer equipment , which are widespread in the Kyrgyz Republic, including the RCC (for example, the Norwegian RCC NSN is a consumer of the GPS navigation system, Jane's Navj International, 2008, 36, p. 5).

At the same time, it should be noted that the active radar seekers of modern RCCs are very complex systems technically. Their weight can be tens of kilograms, and the cost of tens and hundreds of thousands of dollars.

However, the exclusion of GOS from the structure for the reason considered above will make the Raman (supersonic Raman) statically unstable.

The aim of the invention is to expand the scope of Raman, in particular supersonic Raman (including in terms of destruction distributed over the area of ground targets and protected, including deep ground targets) with a minimum amount of re-equipment of the basic sample of the rocket and the rational use of the released resource of volume and mass.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of hitting a target with a supersonic cruise missile equipped with on-board equipment of the control system and combat equipment, which consists in the formation of a flight mission containing the aiming point and parameters of the rocket trajectory, launching and ensuring the flight of the rocket to a point with specified coordinates lying in the area of the target’s location, and the operation of combat equipment upon reaching the target, the following is additionally introduced:

when forming a flight mission, information on the types of targets hit is entered into the on-board equipment of the control system, for the destruction of surface ships and coastal radio-contrast targets, a missile equipped with a replaceable homing head is selected from the ammunition set, and for the destruction of easily vulnerable ground or protected, including buried targets, choose a missile equipped with an interchangeable homing head with additional military equipment, make changes to the flight sequence, and when forming the flight about the missile’s mission to hit several easily vulnerable ground targets distributed over the area, the coordinates of the target closest to the carrier lying in the firing plane are selected as the aiming point, and a dive site of no more than 15 ° to the horizon is introduced into the rocket’s flight path, the warhead is undermined with a programmed shortage to the geometric center of the area of location of the area of easily vulnerable targets, while during the formation of the flight mission to defeat strong, including buried ground GOVERNMENTAL objectives set trajectory dive more than 45 ° to the horizontal.

This task is also achieved by the fact that in the device for implementing the method of hitting a target with a supersonic cruise missile containing a glider, in the instrument compartment of which are placed blocks of onboard equipment of the control system, combat equipment, homing head, the following is additionally introduced: the homing head is interchangeable with the possibility of mounting on seats in front of the instrument compartment of additional combat equipment in the form of a thin-walled body with striking elements placed in it or a tip made of material with a density not lower than 5500 kg / m ³ , while the additional combat equipment has mass-centering characteristics identical to the homing head, and the main combat equipment is made of a high explosive type.

In addition, additional military equipment may contain explosive, and the main military equipment can be made of a penetrating type or a high-explosive fragmentation type.

The technical result of the invention lies in the fact that with a minimum amount of re-equipment of both the material part and the software of the control system for a supersonic cruise missile, TFR, initially being developed to solve the problems of defeating mainly surface radio-contrast targets, it becomes possible to effectively defeat critical areas time ground targets, as well as increase the effectiveness of impact on solid, including buried ground objects.

The positive effect of the invention is ensured by the use of high kinetic energy of SLE: in one embodiment, to enhance the fragmentation effect of a standard (high-explosive) warhead missile, in another embodiment, to enhance the penetrating effect of warheads (including penetrating warheads) of the rocket.

In FIG. 1 (item 7) schematically shows the location of the replaceable homing head or additional combat equipment.

The proposed device for implementing the method of defeating vulnerable or protected targets of ground targets or radio contrast targets, made, for example, on the basis of the circuit design of the KR “Yakhont”, can be implemented as follows (Fig. 1, 2 and 3).

Supersonic KR (1) is made according to the normal aerodynamic scheme and is equipped with a warhead (2), a propulsion system with ramjet (3), which has a frontal axisymmetric air intake (4). The main units of the SKR fuselage (1) are the central body of the air intake (4), which contains: control system equipment (5), the aforementioned warhead (2) and ramjet (3), a fuel tank (6) of a torocylindrical shape.

TFR (1) in the configuration designed to defeat radio-contrast targets is equipped with a replaceable homing head, and in the configuration designed to defeat vulnerable or protected ground targets, it is equipped with additional combat equipment.

In FIG. Figure 2 schematically shows the placement of kinetic (not containing explosives) additional military equipment made in the form of a thin-walled body (8) with elements (for example, steel balls weighing about a few grams) placed inside the striking (9) elements.

In FIG. 3 schematically shows the placement of kinetic (not containing explosives) additional military equipment, made in the form of a thin-walled body with a tip placed inside (10) of a material with a high (not less than 7500 kg / m ³ ) density made, for example, of steel, tungsten or depleted uranium.

In FIG. 4 schematically shows the placement of additional military equipment made in the form of a thin-walled body with a tip (10) placed inside of a material with high density (not lower than 7500 kg / m ³ ) and containing explosive (11).

The combat use schemes of the TFR (1) are presented in FIG. 5-8.

As mentioned above, the preparation of TFR for hitting a target begins at the assembly stage. After determining the type of target being hit and the purpose of the TFR, it is equipped with either a replaceable homing head or additional combat equipment. Moreover, depending on the purpose and purpose of the TFR, changes are made to the flight sequence diagram.

In FIG. 5 is a diagram of the defeat of an easily vulnerable, including distributed over an area (for example, aircraft in open parking) ground target of a supersonic missile defense (1), containing additional military equipment made in the form of a thin-walled body with striking elements placed inside, for example, steel balls.

The scheme provides for:

- flight SKR (1) with high supersonic speed in the area of the designated target;

- selection of the coordinates of the aiming point depending on the presence of the target closest to the carrier (12) lying in the firing plane;

- introduction of a low-altitude final section or a portion of a gentle (angle θ up to 15 °) diving into the flight path of the SCR, where θ is the angle between the horizon and the velocity vector of the SCR;

- the implementation of the undermining of the warhead at point (14) with a programmed underflight L to the geometric center (13) of the location area of the easily vulnerable target distributed over the area.

In FIG. 6 is a diagram of the defeat of strong, including buried ground targets, for example caponiers (15), supersonic missile launchers (1), containing additional military equipment made in the form of a thin-walled body with a tip placed inside of a material with a density of at least 5500 kg / m ³ . The scheme provides for:

- flight SKR (1) with high supersonic speed in the area of the designated target;

- selection of coordinates of the aiming point (geometric center of the target);

- introduction of a trajectory with a vertical (angle θ over 45 ° to the horizon) diving into the SCR flight path;

- overcoming the protected layer of reinforcement;

- the implementation of the undermining of the warhead.

However, there are variations. If it is known in advance about the enhanced properties of the protected layer of the target being hit, it is possible to use TFR with additional military equipment containing explosives. In this case, the defeat scheme is durable, including

- buried ground targets, such as caponiers (15), supersonic RC (1), containing additional military equipment, made in the form of a thin-walled body with a tip placed inside a material with a density of at least 5500 kg / m ³ and containing explosive, additionally provides :

- overcoming part of the protected layer of reinforcement with a tip;

- blasting of explosive material of additional military equipment with the aim of partial destruction (16) of the protective layer to facilitate the overcoming of the main protective equipment (for example, penetrating warhead) of the entire protective layer (17);

- the implementation of the undermining of the warhead at the location of the target (18).

The solution presented in the application can be practically implemented.

Preliminary calculations confirm an increase in the effectiveness of the destruction of various targets (including those distributed over the area of ground targets and protected, including deep ground targets) while reducing the cost of finalizing the basic rocket model (for example, Yakhont anti-ship missiles) and lowering the final cost of supersonic missile defense, designed to defeat the targets indicated.

Claims (5)

1. The method of hitting a target with a supersonic cruise missile equipped with on-board equipment of the control system and combat equipment, which consists in the formation of a flight mission containing the aiming point and parameters of the trajectory of the rocket, launching and ensuring the flight of the rocket to a point with specified coordinates lying in the target location area, and undermining combat equipment upon reaching the goal, characterized in that when forming the flight mission, information on the types of targets hit is entered into the on-board equipment of the control system, To defeat surface ships and coastal radiopaque targets, a missile equipped with a replaceable homing head is selected from the ammunition set, and a missile equipped with an interchangeable homing head with additional combat equipment is selected from the ammunition base, and changes are made to the flight cycle diagram. moreover, when forming the flight mission of the rocket to destroy several, distributed over the area, easily vulnerable ground targets as a point of sight They select the coordinates of the target closest to the carrier lying in the firing plane, and enter the diving path of the missile dive site no more than 15 ° to the horizon, carry out the undermining of the warhead with a programmed underflight to the geometric center of the area where the area is vulnerable, while the formation of a flight mission for hitting strong, including buried ground targets, set trajectories with a dive of more than 45 ° to the horizon. 2. A supersonic cruise missile containing a glider, in the instrument compartment of which are placed blocks of on-board equipment of the control system, combat equipment, a homing head, characterized in that the homing head is interchangeable with the possibility of installing additional combat equipment in the form of a thin-walled on the landing seats of the front part of the instrument compartment. hulls with striking elements placed in it or a tip made of material with a density of at least 5500 kg / m ³ , with additional combat equipment e has identical mass-centering characteristics to the homing head, and the main combat equipment is made of a high explosive type. 3. The missile under item 1, characterized in that the additional military equipment contains explosive. 4. The missile under item 1, characterized in that the main combat equipment is made of penetrating type. 5. The missile under item 1, characterized in that the main combat equipment is made of high-explosive fragmentation type.

Images