RU2521253C1 - Method for producing briquettes for drainage system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method for producing briquettes includes preparation of initial materials, mixing, drying and their compacting. In this case, one-dimension gravel of fraction 10-15 mm, which is previously cleaned and dried is taken as the initial materials, and an epoxy compound - as a binder, prepared from the epoxy resin and a hardener in a ratio of 90-94 to 10-6 respectively. Moreover, the initial materials are taken in the following ratio of the components: 93.5-94.5 of pts. wt. of gravel, 5.0-5.85 of pts. wt. of epoxy resin, 0.5-0.65 of pts. wt. of hardener. Then they are mixed, and the finished paste is moulded in moulds and then tamped; the finished briquettes are kept and freed from moulds.

EFFECT: reduction of labour costs and time for production of briquettes.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to bridge construction and can be used to remove moisture from the thickness of the pavement and from the roadway of bridge structures.

Known patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2338829, IPC E01D 19/08 "DEVICE FOR DRAINING WATER FROM AIDING PART OF BRIDGES". The invention relates to bridge construction and can be used in devices for draining water from the roadway of bridges. EFFECT: water discharge from a high roadway of bridges. The device includes drainage trays located with a longitudinal slope, drainage tubes fixed to the longitudinal edges of the span, located on the carriageway of the span, and drainage tanks located at the end of the span near the abutment. New is that each drainage tray is made up of a main part and an additional part with a reverse slope docked to it near the abutment, forming a storage tank with a drain hole with the main part, while each drainage tank is placed coaxially with the drain hole and consists of a drain pipe, having end openings and an end cap, and a water intake well partially filled with water, with a central inlet and a drain pipe connected through a collector torus with sewage treatment plants, and the spillway pipe is fixed in the Central inlet of the water intake well. According to one embodiment of the device, the water level in the intake well exceeds the level of the location of the through holes of the spillway.

The disadvantage of this solution is that drainage trays with drains are used to remove water, which complicates the drainage system, leads to the need for its constant maintenance and thereby reduces the service life of the entire drainage system.

The closest (prototype) to the claimed invention is a patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2167907, IPC C10F 7/06 "METHOD FOR PRODUCING BRIQUETTES". The invention relates to methods for the production of homogeneous and combined briquettes in the energy, metallurgical, agricultural and other industries. The production of briquettes includes the preparation of raw materials, their pressing in a continuous cycle with the removal of external moisture. The starting materials are composed of two components - the main squeezed and additional granular materials. The squeezed material is fed in an amount equal to the product of the pore volume in the granular material and the true density of the squeezed material. Both components are mixed and the resulting mixture is compressed to a value of 1000-2000 kg / cm ² with a linear compression rate of 0.1-10.0 mm / s. In the production of combined briquettes, mineral raw materials are used as a granular material. The resulting mixture is pressed. In the production of dehydrated homogeneous briquettes, inert materials are used as granular. After the initial mixture is obtained and pressed, the briquettes are destroyed, the resulting mixture is dispersed with the release of dehydrated material from it and this material is pressed to obtain uniform briquettes, and inert materials are returned back to the process.

The disadvantages of this method is the difficulty of preparing briquettes, namely: compression to a certain value at a certain speed, which requires additional time and the use of sophisticated measuring equipment, as well as secondary processing, which slows down the process of preparing briquettes.

The objective of the invention is to reduce labor costs and time to obtain briquettes for a drainage system and the possibility of using simple, cheap materials.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the method of producing briquettes, including the preparation of raw materials, mixing, drying, compacting them, after that the crushed stone and epoxy compound are mixed, and the finished mass is molded in molds, then compacted, after which the finished briquettes are kept and freed from forms as starting materials take one-dimensional crushed stone, which is pre-washed and dried, and an epoxy compound as a binder. Use one-dimensional crushed stone fractions of 10-15 mm. Epoxy compound is prepared from epoxy resin and hardener in the ratio: 90-94 to 10-6. Briquettes are made in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Crushed stone from 93.5 to 94.5

Epoxy 5.85 to 5.0

Hardener from 0.65 to 0.5.

Briquettes are made in the form of a parallelepiped with the installation in linear channels. Briquettes are made in the form of a truncated pyramid with a curved surface to ensure installation around the drain pipe. Briquettes are made of a given size. Briquettes are made with the following physical and mechanical properties:

density, g / cm ³ - 1.9-2.0;

compressive strength, MPa (kgf / cm ² ) - 3.5-5.0 (35-50);

voidness - not less than 60%.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 - shows the design contour of the tunnel with drilled holes on it,

figure 2 - shows the design of the tunnel with drilled holes on it and cut between them strips and holes drilled at predetermined points inside the design of the tunnel.

Table number 1 The composition of the drainage mixture (wt.%) Name mass% mass% mass% Crushed stone 93.5 94 94.5 Epoxy resin 5.85 5.42 5,0 Hardener 0.65 0.58 0.5

A method of producing briquettes 1, including preparing the starting materials, mixing, drying, compacting them, then crushed stone and epoxy compound are mixed, and the finished mass is molded in molds, then compacted, then the finished briquettes 1 are dried and removed from the molds as starting materials one-dimensional crushed stone, which is pre-washed and dried, and an epoxy compound as a binder, (see figures 1, 2)

Use one-dimensional crushed stone fractions of 10-15 mm. Epoxy compound is prepared from epoxy resin and hardener in the ratio: 90-94 to 10-6.

Briquettes 1 are made in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Crushed stone from 93.5 to 94.5

Epoxy 5.85 to 5.0

Hardener from 0.65 to 0.5. (see table No. 1)

Briquettes 1 are made in the form of a parallelepiped 2, with installation in linear channels, (see figure 1)

Briquettes 1 are made in the form of a truncated pyramid with a curved surface 3 to ensure installation around the drain pipe (see figure 2).

Briquettes 1 are made of a given size with the following physical and mechanical properties:

density, g / cm ³ - 1.9-2.0;

compressive strength, MPa (kgf / cm ² ) - 3.5-5.0 (35-50);

voidness - not less than 60%.

The essence of the claimed invention is that: obtaining briquettes 1, includes the following operations.

1. Prepare the starting materials: washed and dried crushed stone, and use, for example, crushed granite fractions of 10-15 mm; prepare an epoxy compound of epoxy resin and hardener, which is used, for example, polyethylene polyamine, in a ratio of 90-94 to 10-6 parts, respectively.

2. The mass is mixed in special containers, while the container must be open, since the mixture heats up when mixing.

3. The mass is molded in molds, for example, formwork, and in the manufacture of molds any sizes specified by the customer are used, and the formwork can be wooden.

4. Tamp the mass, for example, with heavier rollers, while at the same time, level the top layer of briquettes.

5. Withstand briquettes 1 in formwork for at least 12 hours, for solidification, and until completely hardened for at least 24 hours.

6. Release the briquettes 1 from forms by removing the formwork.

7. Briquettes 1 are made of two types:

For linear channels in the form of a parallelepiped 2.

To connect linear channels at the places where drainage pipes are installed on the carriageway of bridge structures in the form of a truncated pyramid with a curved surface 3.

8. Briquettes 1 are made with the following strength characteristics:

density, g / cm ³ - 1.9-2.0;

compressive strength, MPa (kgf / cm ² ) - 3.5-5.0 (35-50);

voidness - not less than 60%.

Drainage channels are arranged after the installation of drainage and drainage pipes. The method of arranging the drainage channel depends on which layer of pavement it is located, for example, in the thickness of the protective layer on the reinforced concrete slab of the carriageway in the places indicated by the project, form a stub for laying drainage material, briquettes, or leave the strob in the thickness of the protective layer. Briquettes are placed in the pit close to each other without gluing together. Laying concrete or mortar on drainage channels is not permissible, but if there is a need for this, then thick geotextile material should be laid on the channel, for example, mandrel. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the laying equipment does not run into the channel during the work.

Drainage briquettes are used to create drainage channels for drainage systems in road, railway bridge and tunnel structures, as well as in civil engineering.

Drainage briquettes can be used during construction in all climatic zones.

When comparing the methods for the further use of briquettes according to the claimed invention with the methods for using drainage materials obtained at the installation site, the following significant advantages are revealed:

1. We get calibrated material, briquettes having their passport indicating all the physical and mechanical characteristics with manufacturer's guarantees, with the necessary filtration and density in accordance with the technical conditions STO-18819798.006-2009.

2. There is no need to perform many operations at the place of laying the drainage, such as:

2.1. Screening of crushed stone;

2.2. Washing gravel and water disposal from this operation;

2.3. Drying crushed stone;

2.4. Laboratory weighing of fractional and weight parts of components;

2.5. Warehousing and storage of components using insulated storage facilities;

2.6. Technological work related to the production of the compound;

2.7. Additional time costs for curing and curing of the drainage material;

2.8. The need for laboratory research to characterize the finished drainage material;

2.9. Disposal of disposable packaging devices;

2.10. The need to clean preparatory and construction equipment;

3. In our method there is no violation of the ecological regime at the place of laying the drainage material.

The problem is solved due to the fact that one-dimensional crushed stone is taken as starting materials, which are pre-washed and dried, and an epoxy compound as a binder, after which they are mixed, and the finished mass is molded in molds, then compacted, then the finished briquettes are kept and released from forms. Using well-known, not expensive materials.

Industrial applicability is that for the implementation of the proposed method using well-known equipment used in various fields and not requiring additional manufacture and refinement.

All of the above indicates a solution to the problem, namely: reducing labor costs and time to get briquettes for the drainage system with maximum efficiency and safety.

List of items

1. Briquette

2. The briquette in the shape of a parallelepiped

3. Briquette in the shape of a truncated pyramid with a curved surface

Claims (5)

1. A method of producing briquettes, including preparation of starting materials, mixing, drying and compacting them, characterized in that as starting materials take one-dimensional crushed stone fractions of 10-15 mm, which are pre-washed and dried, and an epoxy compound as a binder, prepared from epoxy resin and hardener in a ratio of 90-94 to 10-6, respectively, with the starting materials taken in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Crushed stone 93.5-94.5 Epoxy resin 5.0-5.85 Hardener 0.5-0.65,
after which they are mixed, and the finished mass is molded in molds, then rammed, then the finished briquettes are kept and freed from the molds. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the briquettes are made in the form of a parallelepiped with the installation in linear channels. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the briquettes are made in the form of a truncated pyramid with a curved surface with the installation around the drain pipe. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the briquettes are made of a given size. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the briquettes are made with the following physical and mechanical properties:
density, g / cm ³ - 1.9-2.0;
compressive strength, MPa (kgf / cm ² ) - 3.5-5.0 (35-50);
voidness - not less than 60%.

Images