RU2299900C2 - Coke producing method without trapping chemical products of charring and coke oven for performing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: processes for producing coke without trapping chemical products of charring, possibly used in coal-char chemical industry.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises steps of charging coal to charring chamber; forming in it uniform-height layer of coal; charring coal at generating volatile chemical products; collecting, combusting and recovering of said products; discharging coke. Uniform-height layer of coal charge is inclined relative to discharging direction by angle corresponding to angle of rest. Coke oven for performing the method includes charring chamber 1 made of refractory material, charging apparatus 2, discharging apparatus 3 at coke side, system 5 for collecting and combusting volatile chemical products. Chamber 1 is inclined by angle corresponding to angle of rest to side of discharging apparatus 3.

EFFECT: simplified manufacturing process, significantly reduced surface area for production equipment, lowered labor consumption, enhanced ecological condition.

2 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to methods for producing coke without trapping chemical products of coking and coke ovens for its implementation and may find application in the coke industry.

A known method of producing coke without trapping the chemical products of coking, including feeding the coal charge by a loading car from the machine side into the coking chamber, forming a charge layer in it, heating the charge for a certain period of time to produce coke and the formation of volatile chemical products with their subsequent burning and disposal heat, unloading hot coke with a coke pusher on the coke side (see, for example, Pat. WO 01/18150, IPC: C10B 29/00, op. 15.03.2001).

A coke oven for implementing the known method includes a coking chamber made of refractory materials, loading devices and a coke ejector on the machine side of the furnace, a car for hot coke on the coke side of the furnace, doors on both sides of the furnace, door opening / closing mechanisms (see ibid.).

There is also known a method for producing coke without trapping chemical products of coking, including loading a coal charge with a conveyor mounted on a loading and ejecting machine into a coking chamber, forming a charge layer uniform in height thereon, coking the mixture with the formation of volatile chemical products, burning and their further utilization heat, unloading hot coke into a quencher on the coke side (see, for example, A.F. Ellis, C.J. Schuett, Coke production with heat recovery at the Indiana Coke Company plant Harber - year of work, J. "Coke making" No. 2, 1999).

The known method is carried out in a coke oven containing a coking chamber made of refractory materials, a coke loading and ejecting machine from the machine side, a coke unloading device from the coke side, furnace doors, furnace opening / closing mechanisms, a system for collecting, distributing and feeding the resulting volatile chemical products (see ibid.).

According to the technical nature and the achieved result, the known method and device in which it is carried out are closest to the claimed.

The common disadvantages of the known technical solutions are, firstly, the huge useful areas occupied by furnaces of this type, since the length of the furnace consists of the length of the loading machine, the length of the chamber itself and the length of the coke receiving devices exceeding the length of the horizontal chamber; secondly, the complexity of water-cooled devices and the technology of loading coal charge and unloading coke. In addition, during prolonged loading and unloading of a red-hot furnace through open doors, uncontrolled harmful emissions into the atmosphere occur.

The basis of the invention is the task of creating a method for producing coke without trapping the chemical products of coking and a coke oven for its implementation, which allows to simplify the technology, significantly reduce the occupied useful area, reduce labor costs, and improve the environmental situation.

The problem is solved in a method for producing coke without trapping the chemical products of coking, including loading the coal charge into the coking chamber and forming a uniform layer of charge in it, coking the mixture with the formation of volatile chemical products, collecting, burning and further utilizing them, unloading coke; at the same time, the charge layer uniform in height is positioned with an inclination toward unloading at an angle corresponding to the angle of repose.

A distinctive feature of the proposed method is that the layer of charge uniform in height is positioned with an inclination to discharge at an angle corresponding to the angle of repose.

Based on the described prior art it follows that this difference is new.

The inventive method is implemented in a coke oven containing a coking chamber made of refractory material, a loading device, an unloading device on the coke side, a system for collecting and burning volatile chemical products; however, the coking chamber has a slope corresponding to the angle of repose towards the unloading device.

A distinctive feature of the claimed device is that the coking chamber has a slope corresponding to the angle of repose towards the unloading device.

Based on the described prior art, it follows that this difference is new.

A feature of the operation of a coke oven without capturing chemical coking products is the need to ensure a uniform, constant-over-height charge layer in the coking chamber, which is uniformly heated simultaneously from top to bottom and from bottom to top with the formation of a fault line in the middle. In the process of research, the authors found that if you place the charge layer at an angle of repose for this coal charge, it ensures uniformity of the height of the backfill layer over the entire area of the base. The height of the charge layer is an easily adjustable value, as it is determined by the weight quantity of the loaded charge and bulk density. Since the bulk density of the coal charge is associated with the tangent of the angle of repose of its charge, the value of which depends on the coefficient of sliding friction between the coal grains, due to the tilt of the chamber, its bulk density is constant, i.e. the charge density of the coal charge throughout the volume. Due to this, the charge loading time is many times reduced, useful areas previously occupied by loading conveyors are released, the technology is simplified, loading is carried out with the chamber closed. Coke is unloaded from the inclined hearth of the coking chamber into the quencher by means of adjustable self-propelled, i.e. without the use of a coke ejector, which simplifies the technology.

The method is as follows.

A coal charge is loaded into the coking chamber, which is laid evenly over the entire surface of the hearth of the inclined chamber in accordance with the angle of repose. The coking process is carried out with the combustion of the resulting volatile chemical products and the removal of combustion products. The resulting heat is disposed of. Unloading the finished coke cake is carried out in an inclined extinguishing car by means of an adjustable self-propelled device similar to a descent from a conventional extinguishing car and a coke ramp, the reliability of which is ensured by the location of the coke layer at a slope angle.

The method is illustrated by the following example.

EXAMPLE. The usual production coal charge, crushed to 0-3 mm, having a moisture content of 6-10%, for which the angle of repose is 40-45 °, is loaded into the coking chamber, under which it also has a slope towards the discharge 40-45 °. The mixture is evenly distributed over the entire area of the coking chamber with a layer of ~ 1 m. The coking process is carried out by partial combustion of volatile chemical products over a coal load and the remaining part in the hearth channels to be burned to heat the bottom of the load. Unloading hot coke from the chamber is carried out, in contrast to the prototype, by adjustable self-propelled not horizontal, but inclined extinguishing car. Unloading coke from an inclined extinguishing car onto a coke ramp is also carried out, unlike the prototype, not by a coke ejector, but by a self-propelled gun.

The drawing shows a diagram of the inventive device, which implements the inventive method.

The coke oven contains a coking chamber 1 made of refractory material, a loading device 2, a ramming type unloading device 3, under the chamber 4. The coking chamber 1 has an inclination towards the unloading device 3. The furnace is equipped with a system 5 for collecting and burning volatile chemical products and a collecting hog 10, a loading carriage 6 of a bunker type, a loading hatch 7 in the upper part of the chamber vault 1. On the hearth 4 of the chamber there is an evenly distributed layer of charge 8. There are hearth channels for heating the bottom of the load 9. The coke is unloaded They are carried into the extinguishing car 11 of the ramp type.

Coke oven operates as follows.

The coal charge is fed with the help of a loading car 9 of the bunker type into the coking chamber 1 through the loading hatch 7 located in the upper part of the chamber vault, under 4, where it is arranged with a uniform height layer in accordance with the angle of repose (for this coal). Carry out the coking process. The volatile chemical products formed during the coking process are partially burned over the charge layer 8, and the second part is removed and burned through the collection system 5 in the hearth channels 9 to heat the bottom of the coal loading and to further utilize the heat after the collection hog 10. After the coking process is completed, a controlled descent of the finished product is carried out coke from an inclined hearth 4 chambers in a quencher 11.

Technical and economic advantages of the claimed method and device for its implementation compared to the method and device prototype consist in reducing capital costs, the occupied area by 1.4 times, simplifying the technology, in reducing harmful emissions into the environment.

Claims (2)

1. A method of producing coke without trapping the chemical products of coking, including loading the coal charge into the coking chamber and forming a uniform layer of charge in it, coking the mixture with the formation of volatile chemical products, collecting, burning and further utilizing them, unloading coke, characterized in that the coal charge layer uniform in height is positioned with an inclination toward unloading at an angle corresponding to the angle of repose. 2. A coke oven for implementing the method according to claim 1, comprising a coking chamber made of refractory material, a loading device, a coke-side unloading device, a system for collecting and burning volatile chemical products, characterized in that the coking chamber has a slope corresponding to the angle of repose towards the unloading device.