RU2023382C1 - Store for agricultural produce - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: storage of agricultural produce. SUBSTANCE: store has above-water structure, chamber with bottom and side walls placed in water and connected with above-water structure, reservoir with hole in lower part secured under chamber bottom, and vertical motion mechanism. Reservoir installed under chamber is connected with its bottom and can be moved relative to chamber walls. Vertical motion mechanism has posts arranged in guides and secured on movable bottom. Guides are arranged in upper part of chamber inner space on its side surfaces. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to stationary storages for long-term storage, mainly in the winter, of vegetables (potatoes, carrots, cabbage, etc.) and fruits (apples, pears, etc.). The invention can be used both for an individual farm, for example a farm, and for a large collective farm, i.e. the range of stored mass from several hundred kilograms to thousands of tons.

 A storehouse of agricultural products in cities is known, for example, a regional vegetable storehouse. Such a storage facility has a closed room, a constant temperature maintenance system, which contains a source of thermal energy, a temperature sensor and a regulator of heat energy supply and ventilation.

 Known food storage (ed. St. N 1518628, class F 25 D 3/00, 1988), containing a refrigerator, which is placed with the possibility of its movement in the pit filled with water. The storage contains a vertical movement mechanism with a depth limiter. Under the bottom of the chamber there is a container with an opening in its lower part, and the end of the air discharge line is located in the container.

The disadvantages of this repository include:
significant energy consumption to maintain the required temperature for a long time, for example, for 6 months;
products loaded into the chamber, without pre-treatment, it requires a temperature below 0 ° ^C during storage, and such temperature can not be applied for most agricultural products (potatoes, apples, carrots, etc.).

 A storage facility for agricultural products is known that contains a chamber located in the aquatic environment, a mechanism for its vertical movement with a limiter for immersion depth, a container with an opening in the bottom fixed to the bottom, in communication with the air line, a device for preparing agricultural products for long-term storage in the chamber of a food container, this camera is made with guides fixed on it, and the vertical movement mechanism contains racks located in the guides.

 The disadvantage of this storage is that the depth of the chamber should be small (no more than ≈ 1 m), since loading and unloading of containers will be difficult, and to increase the storage capacity it is necessary to increase the area of the camera, which will also make it difficult to upload and download.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the storage by increasing its height when loading and unloading above the surface of the water mirror.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the bottom is movable, and the side walls of the chamber are connected to the surface structure, while the racks are fixed to the bottom, and the guides are placed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the chamber on its side surfaces.

 In FIG. 1 is a vertical section through a vault; in FIG. 2 - a device for preparing containers for long-term storage.

 The storehouse contains a chamber, consisting of a frame 1, equipped with side walls of the chamber, and a bottom 2. Under the bottom, a container 3 is fixed with an opening 4 in the lower part. The end of the air line 5 is located in the internal cavity of the tank 3, which is connected with its flexible part 6 to a control device 7 containing a source of compressed air and a spool capable of connecting the air line 5 to the atmosphere or to the specified source of compressed air. The frame 1 of the camera is mounted on a surface structure 8.

 As a surface structure, a float can be used, as well as racks that abut against the bottom of a reservoir; shore pier; ice surface, for example, in the Far North and at polar stations.

 The following can be used as an aqueous medium: ice-free sea, lane on the ice cover; artificial pond with water drainage from the key, river, sea.

 Above the upper edge of the frame 1 of the camera are guides 9 with a mounting device 10. On the bottom 2, vertical posts 11 are fixed, which are movably connected to the rails 9. A cover 12 is mounted on the posts 11. Hermetic containers 13 with agricultural products are placed in the inner cavity of the chamber.

 The device for the preparation of agricultural products for long-term storage contains two clamps 14, which ensure the tightness of the container 13, the spool 15, the source 16 of the preservative gas and the blower 17, which can be equipped with a heater.

 Agricultural products are packaged in a container 13. This process can be fully mechanized and carried out on the installation. Capacity 13 may be rigid in the form of a can with a lid. It is desirable to enclose the container 13 in a grid to protect against damage during overload. The net and the can are reusable, and the polyethylene container is disposable, after which it is disposed of. Then, the system, which is shown in FIG. 2.

The following operations can be carried out with the possible exception of any of them (or even without these operations, if the product does not need preparation):
product flushing (the line is conditionally not shown);
drying by blower 17 (may be with air heating);
filling the container 13 from the source 16 with a preservative gas, for example nitrogen.

 The preparation field, the entrance and exit from the tank 13 is either brewed or the sealing is carried out with clamps 14.

 In the initial position, the bottom 2 is in the upper position (shown by a dotted line), the posts 11 are fixed by the attachment device 10. The bottom 2 can also be held due to the lifting force from the tank 3, which is filled with air from the control device 7.

 They start loading storage with capacities of 13, bottom 2 is lowered. If necessary, after each lowering, the fixing device 10 can be fixed. The bottom 2 can be omitted by bleeding air from the air line 5 by the control device 7. After loading, a cover 12 is installed. It is necessary, since the tanks 13 can have positive buoyancy. In this submerged position, agricultural products can be stored all winter.

 To extract (unload) products, everything is repeated in the reverse order. The peculiarity lies in the fact that if the frosts are strong and the lid freezes to the uprights 11, then it rises with the uprights.

 The lid 12 should be made with a sealed cavity A, and the lower surface of the lid 12 should be sunk below the possible lower surface of the ice. The lateral freezing of the cover 12 to the ice should be chipped until the ice lintels are eliminated. The lifting force from the tank 3 should be with a significant margin.

 After such preparation (the most severe case is considered when the product is extracted with a thick ice cover), the control device 7 supplies compressed air to the tank 3 and the bottom with the product floats. If possible, then the cover 12 is previously removed. You can always get the position of the upper layer of the tank 13 at the most convenient level for unloading and fix it with the device 10.

 It is difficult to calculate the economic effect, but according to statistics, up to 30% of the crop disappears, and this is a significant amount throughout the country. In addition, such storages make it possible in most cases to abandon city storages, unload vehicles for delivery, and deliver directly to the store throughout the winter period.

 In addition to these factors, it becomes possible to store agricultural products in the store. It is possible that the product is saturated with oxygen, i.e., the product becomes medicinal. To do this, capacitances 13 are connected in series, the circuit, which is shown in FIG. 2, purge the containers and then fill them with oxygen.

Claims (1)

 STORAGE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, comprising a surface structure, a chamber placed in the aquatic environment with a bottom and side walls connected to a surface structure, a container with a hole in the bottom fixed to the bottom of the chamber, and a vertical movement mechanism, characterized in that the container installed under the chamber is connected to it the bottom and made movable relative to the walls of the chamber, and the mechanism of vertical movement of the chamber contains racks located in the guides, mounted on the movable bottom, with that the guides are arranged in the upper part of the inner cavity of the chamber at its side surfaces.

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