RU174163U1 - IMMOBILIZATION BELT - Google Patents

Abstract

The patented immobilization belt refers to the field of medicine, in particular to the surgery of injuries, and can be used to transport and treat patients with a pelvic injury. The immobilization belt contains a base (1), on one edge of which on the front (outer) side of the belt there is a tightening orange loop (3) with a frame (2) at the end of the base (1). At the other end of the base (1) on the front (outer) side of the belt is attached a belt (4) with a Velcro fastener (6) and with a tightening black loop (7) on the end of the base (1). On the back (inner) side of the belt on the belt (4) there is a graduated color scale (5) containing seven sections of vertical color strips in series. Each section contains 7 strips of different colors. To fix the belt on the patient’s pelvis, insert a black loop (7) and a belt (4) with a color graduated scale (5) through the frame (2) and tighten it until the patient’s pelvis is snug. Remember the color of the strip of the color scale (5), which is located on the bend of the belt (4). The dragging orange loop (3) and the dragging black loop (7) are pulled in the opposite direction until they see a strip of the same color on the color scale (5) that was fixed with a tight fit of the patient's pelvis. After that, a belt (4) with a color scale (5) is fixed on the patient’s pelvis using a Velcro fastener (6), thereby ensuring the immobility of fragments of broken pelvic bones and rest of the damaged part of the body for the period of transportation of the victim to the hospital. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of medicine, in particular to the surgery of injuries, and can be used to assist victims with unstable pelvic fractures in the practice of disaster medicine, in the system of staged treatment of wounded, as well as in trauma centers of various levels for transporting and treating injured patients pelvis.

The prior art various constructions of the device for immobilizing the bones of the pelvis.

So, a shock-resistant dressing in the form of a belt is known (RF patent No. 99966 for a utility model; A61F 13/14), which is used to assist victims with unstable pelvic fractures.

Antishock pelvic dressing, made in the form of a belt and contains a belt with a buckle. The belt is made semi-rigid, the dimensions of the belt are selected in accordance with the dimensions of the pelvis, additional parts of the material of the belt of shorter length are attached to the belt with the possibility of folding, the belt is attached to the outside of the belt. The belt may be a polyvinyl chloride tape with a length of 80 cm and a width of 20 cm. Climbing carabiner can be chosen as a fastener.

Known medical transport pelvic girdle (RF patent No. 2111728; A61F 5/57), consisting of cloth and fastening elements and superimposed on the pelvic area. The pelvic girdle is made quilted with stiffeners and cuts in the abdomen and sacrum, is equipped with a removable gasket, and soft rollers on the inner sides, and the fastening elements are equipped with rings for hanging the victim from the Balkan frames.

The pelvic girdle provides a quick, reliable fixation of pelvic injuries, which helps to reduce the duration of hospitalization and rehabilitation in general. By immobilizing and compensating for pelvic fractures, the belt helps stop intra-pelvic bleeding, which is a component of anti-shock therapy during transportation and treatment in the early period of injury.

It is also known device "Dallas Pelvic Binder", used for temporary immobilization of the pelvis in assisting with combined injuries.

The device is a belt of elastic multilayer polymer material in the form of a belt with longitudinal short stiffeners located inside. The system for maintaining stiffness is longitudinal. Pelvic volume reduction system - belt and buckle. Used in the prehospital and early hospital phase ("New Concepts in the Prehospital and ED Management of Pelvic Fractures" Marvin A. Wayne, MD *, Israeli Journal of Emergency Medicine - Vol. 6, No. l Feb. 2006).

The disadvantage of the above designs is that while limiting the flexion-extensor movements, the possibility of rotational mobility (deformation) is retained, which is good for reposition and reduction of the pelvic volume, but has significant negative aspects during the forced transportation of the victim.

A device for temporary immobilization and transportation of the victim (RF patent No. 114849 for utility model; A61F 5/37), including an elastic belt and a rigid base. The belt contains a textile tunnel on the rear surface for the location of the rigid base for the back of the pelvis, which is a plate of X-ray transparent material, a fastening device and handles for moving the device with the victim.

Practice has revealed significant shortcomings of a similar design for temporary immobilization. It was found that the device does not provide reliable immobilization of the bones of the pelvis of the victim due to the lack of appropriate dragging straps for this, which allow to reliably tighten and fix the bones of the pelvis. The consequence of the lack of reliable immobilization and the possibility of displacement of the broken pelvic bones is an increased level of traumatic shock in the victim.

A device for immobilizing the pelvic bones SAM 2 (catalog of the company "FERNO"; Washington Inc., USA, https://www.rus-ferno.ru/art.php?id_art=l91), the closest in technical essence and structural implementation and selected as a prototype of a patentable utility model.

It is a belt for safe fixation and prevention of divergence of the pelvic bones during fractures and tears of the ligaments (Appendix).

The device for immobilizing the bones of the pelvis SAM 2 contains a base, on one edge of which on the front side of the belt there is a tightening loop with a frame at the end, and on the other a belt with a Velcro fastener and a tightening loop at the end. The belt with a fastener contains two rows of holes for the forks of the locking mechanism.

The forks of the locking mechanism are located on the side surface of the buckle. Structurally, they represent two plastic pins secured by a spring-loaded mechanism. When the belt moves in the process of pulling, the spring is compressed, the forks are removed on the same level with the body of the buckle, thereby allowing the belt to be tightened. When the required degree of fixation is reached, the belt belt retraction speed decreases, the pressure force on the spring decreases, and the forks of the locking mechanism fall into the necessary holes in the belt belt. The belt is locked.

The design of the belt is easy to use and makes it possible to adjust the compression force.

Medical practice has revealed a number of design and operational disadvantages of a device for immobilizing bones; a device for immobilizing bones of the pelvis SAM 2.

When fixing the belt on the pelvis of the patient, the fork of the locking mechanism should fall into the holes made on the belt. Given that the holes are at a certain distance (made with a given step) in certain cases, due to individual physiological parameters, it is impossible to ensure reliable immobilization of the victim’s pelvis, since there are no “half sizes,” the corresponding intermediate holes on the belt, which do not allow fixing the forks of the locking mechanism in these intermediate holes of the belt, thereby do not allow for reliable immobilization of the pelvic bones and minimize traumatic shock in the victim.

It should be noted the lack of reliability of the locking mechanism, which is implemented using a spring. When fixing the belt, spring breakage is possible due to mechanical damage, aging of the spring material, negative impact on the spring material of precipitation, snow, dirt, etc.

Patented utility model is aimed at solving the following technical problem:

- ensuring reliable and guaranteed immobilization of the bones of the pelvis of the victim, regardless of the physiological parameters of the pelvis of the victim;

- ensuring minimal traumatic shock to the victim by preventing the displacement of broken bones and bone fragments of the pelvis, which can seriously injure muscle tissue, blood vessels, nerves and adjacent internal organs.

- providing a dosed belt compression force for any anatomical features of people.

The solution of the technical problem is achieved as follows.

The immobilization belt, similar to the device for immobilizing the pelvic bones SAM 2 (FERNO catalog), containing a base, on one edge of which on the front side of the belt there is a tightening loop with a frame at the end, and on the other - a belt with a velcro fastener and with the tightening loop at the end, according to the patented utility model, the front side of the belt base is made of neoprene with a nylon coating, and the back side of the belt base is made of 100% cotton.

It is envisaged that a graduated color scale is made on the belt on the reverse side of the belt, containing seven sections of vertical color strips sequentially located, each section contains 7 strips of different colors, the width of each stripe is 10 mm.

According to the utility model:

- the total length of the belt is from 1300 to 1700 mm ± 50 mm, the base length is from 600 to 1000 mm ± 50 mm, the width of the belt is 200 mm ± 10 mm, the thickness of the belt is 10 mm ± 3 mm., and the belt belt is made in the form of a textile tape made of 100% polyester.

The combination of new design solutions implemented in the patented utility model, allows to obtain the following technical result:

- to provide reliable and guaranteed immobilization of the bones of the pelvis of the victim, regardless of the physiological parameters of the pelvis of the victim;

- ensuring the immobility of fragments of broken bones and rest of the damaged part of the body for the period of transportation of the victim to the medical institution allows you to get a minimum level of traumatic shock and virtually eliminate the possibility of subsequent injury to muscle tissues, blood vessels, nerves and adjacent internal organs.

Achieving the patented utility model of immobility of muscle layers, bone fragments and other tissues prevents the mechanical spread of microbial contamination along interstitial gaps. Reliable immobilization of damaged pelvic bones ensures the immobility of blood clots in damaged vessels, and hence the prevention of secondary bleeding and embolism.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the description of an example of the constructive implementation of the patented immobilization belt and graphic materials on which:

FIG. a - front side of the belt;

FIG. 6 - the back of the belt;

Application device for immobilization of the bones of the pelvis SAM 2 (prototype).

The patented immobilization belt contains (Fig. A, b) a base 1, on one edge of which on the front (outer) side of the belt there is a tightening loop 3 with a frame 2 at the end of the base 1. For ease of use, the tightening loop 3 is made in orange.

At the other end of the base 1, on the front (outer) side of the belt, a belt 4 is fastened with a Velcro fastener 6 and with a tightening loop 7 at the end of the base 1. The tightening loop 7 is made in black. The belt belt 4 is made in the form of a textile tape made of 100% polyester.

The front (outer) side of the base 1 of the belt is made of neoprene with a nylon coating, and the inner (back) part of the base 1 of the belt is made of 100% cotton, for example, calico. The advantage of coarse calico is its high strength and low elongation, as well as good hygroscopicity.

The choice of neoprene for the front (outer) side of the base 1 is due to the fact that neoprene does not deform the back side of the base 1 of the belt and can withstand the necessary loads in the process of fixing the belt on the body of the injured patient.

According to the patented utility model, a graduated color scale 5 is made on the reverse (inner) side of the belt on the belt 4, containing 7 successive sections of color vertical stripes. Each section contains 7 strips of various colors, the width of each strip is 10 mm.

The optimal number of sections of color vertical strips in a graded color scale of 5, the number in each section of strips of different colors and their width (10 mm) were determined by the applicant experimentally during the development and testing of various variants of the patented immobilization belt.

The total length of the belt is from 1300 to 1700 mm ± 50 mm, the base length is from 600 to 1000 mm ± 50 mm, the width of the belt is 200 mm ± 10 mm, the thickness of the belt is 10 mm ± 3 mm.

For the effective use of the immobilization belt in medical practice, it is envisaged to perform a belt of various lengths depending on the size of the pelvis: large, medium and small (see table).

Patented immobilization belt is used as follows.

The lower limbs of the patient lead and fix to each other at the level of the knee and ankle joints. A roller 10-15 cm high is placed under the patient's knees.

An immobilization belt is placed at the level of the hips so that its back is adjacent to the patient. Insert a black loop for traction 7 and a belt 4 with a graduated color scale 5 through frame 2 and tighten it until the patient's pelvis is snug. Remember the color of the strip of the color scale 5, which is located on the bend of the belt 4.

To fix the belt on the patient's pelvis, the dragging orange loop 3 and the dragging black loop 7 are pulled in the opposite direction until they see a strip of the same color on the color scale 5 that was fixed with a tight fit of the patient's pelvis. After that, fix the belt 4 with a color scale 5 on the pelvis of the patient using the Velcro fastener 6.

The experimental testing of the patented design of the immobilization belt confirmed its high operational reliability and ease of use in wide medical practice.

It was experimentally confirmed that the developed immobilization belt provides reliable immobilization of the pelvic bones of the victim and a minimum level of traumatic shock.

Providing a patented belt of immobility of fragments of broken bones and rest to a damaged part of the body during the period of transportation of the victim to a medical institution allows, as noted above, to obtain a minimum level of traumatic shock and essentially eliminate the possibility of subsequent injury to muscle tissues, blood vessels, nerves and adjacent internal organs.

The practice of using this belt indicates that ensuring the immobility of muscle layers, bone fragments and other tissues prevents the possibility of mechanical spread of microbial contamination along the interstitial fissures, while reliable immobilization of damaged pelvic bones ensures immobility of blood clots in damaged vessels.

Claims (4)

1. An immobilization belt, comprising a base, on one edge of which on the front side of the belt there is a tightening loop with a frame at the end, and on the other - a belt with a Velcro fastener and a tightening loop at the end, characterized in that the front side of the belt base is made made of neoprene with nylon coating, and the back side of the belt base is made of 100% cotton, a graduated color scale is made on the belt of the back side of the belt, containing successively arranged sections of vertical color strips, each The section contains seven strips of various colors, the width of each strip is 10 mm. 2. The belt according to claim 1, characterized in that the graduated color scale contains seven sections of color vertical stripes. 3. The belt according to claim 1, characterized in that the total length of the belt is from 1300 to 1700 mm ± 50 mm, the base length is from 600 to 1000 mm ± 50 mm, the width of the belt is 200 mm ± 10 mm, the thickness of the belt is 10 mm ± 3 mm. 4. The belt according to claim 1, characterized in that the belt belt is made in the form of a textile tape of 100% polyester.

Images