MXPA00003326A - Drinking water additive for birds and method of administering the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A drinking water additive for birds which can inhibit birds for meat from reducing their weights due to stoppage of feeding prior to slaughter and can diminish intestinal harmful bacteria in birds for meat and laying hens, represented by bacteria belonging to the genus Salmonella, during stoppage of feeding, etc., and which comprises a living microorganism belonging to the genus Bacillus and a monosaccharide. The administration method comprises orally administering this additive to birds. This method is used for inhibiting birds for meat from reducing their weights or for diminishing intestinal harmful bacteria in birds for meat or in laying hens.

Description

ADDITIVE OF THE FOR BIRDS AND METHOD OF THE SAME FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a drinking water additive for poultry which is effective in mitigating the loss of body weight of poultry, particularly poultry for meat production, after the withdrawal of feed. before slaughter of poultry, and which is effective in reducing harmful bacteria, such as Salmonella species, in the intestine of poultry. The present invention also relates to a method for administering an additive to poultry, a method for mitigating the loss of body weight of poultry for meat production, as well as to a method for reducing harmful bacteria in the intestine. of poultry for laying hens or meat production.

REF. .119130 and "E5" i BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known that the live bacterium of the genus Bacillus has effects to improve the physical condition of poultry (JP-B-61-59092) and suppresses the pathogenic bacteria (JP-A-9-163937). In particular, it is already known that Bacillus subtilis C-3102 I ?? RM BP-1096) is useful to promote weight gain of poultry (JP-B-3-79988) and to reduce the bacteria of the genus Salmonela in the intestine of poultry (Japanese Patent No. 2528055). However, it is only known that the live bacterium of the genus Bacillus exhibits such an effect when the bacterium is mixed with powdered food. It is not known to add live bacteria to drinking water, let alone to administer living bacteria to poultry for meat production after removal of the feed prior to slaughter. It is also known that the decline in the increase of body weight of poultry for the production of food due to the decrease of absorption or consumption of food due to heat stress, can be prevented by administering water to drink for poultry. pen that contains from 1 to 10% by weight of monosaccharides and optionally 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of sodium bicarbonate (JP-A-8-21 790). ^^^^ > * »** s" ¥> £ vjffl-agggv ».

When the slaughter of poultry for meat production results in the contamination of the dead bird with the contents of the intestine, the bacteria that constitutes the intestinal flora of the poultry, can stick to the meat portion and grow during the distribution, some of which can cause food poisoning. Thus, it is desirable to initiate the suppression of the growth of such harmful intestinal bacteria, including the bacteria of the Salmonella genus, at as low a level as possible while the poultry are still alive. For this purpose, food that has the effect of suppressing harmful intestinal bacteria is sometimes provided to poultry. On the other hand, to prevent contamination of poultry feed with intestinal contents during slaughter, poultry are fasted for approximately one day before slaughter by removing the feed ("suppression of feed") to minimize the amount of feed. intestinal contents of poultry before slaughter. However, the suppression of the feed before slaughter results in the loss of body weight and consequently in the reduction of productivity. In addition, poultry for the production of meat they eat their own excrement when they are deprived of food, which, in combination with the feeding tension, causes the alteration in the balance of the intestinal flora. 5 As a result, harmful intestinal bacteria such as the Salmonella genus tend to increase rapidly. The "suppression of food" also applies to laying hens. For example, to remedy decrease in the number of eggs to be laid by laying hens, the laying hens are fasted for about a week by removing the feed and giving only water to drink during this period to cause the laying hens deposit more eggs. In such a period, laying hens shed their feathers. Therefore, this is called a forced moult period. In the period of forced moulting, similar poultry for meat production, laying hens also eat their own feces since they are deprived of food, which, in combination with the tension of the fast, causes the alteration in the balance of the intestinal flora. As a result, harmful intestinal bacteria such as the genus Salmonella tends to increase rapidly, causing M A ?? MtaimiMíáÉM - - - »* - • - - ^ jjjj ^ the contamination of eggs produced with harmful bacteria. Accordingly, it is demanded to develop a method to prevent the growth of harmful intestinal bacteria in poultry while the loss of body weight of the poultry is mitigated after the suppression of food before slaughter and the intestinal contents are minimized, and a method to prevent the growth of bacteria harmful intestinal infection in laying hens during the period of forced moulting.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a drinking water additive for poultry and a method for administering such an additive which can mitigate or alleviate the loss of body weight of poultry for production of meat after removal of the feed prior to slaughter, and which can reduce the harmful bacteria, such as bacteria of the genus Salmonella, in the intestine of poultry for the production of It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for alleviating the loss of body weight of poultry for the production of meat and poultry during the period of food suppression. meat that performs effective mitigation of body weight loss of poultry for meat production after suppression of feed prior to slaughter It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for the reduction of harmful bacteria in the poultry intestine for the production of meat, which performs the effective reduction of harmful bacteria such as Salmonella bacteria, in the intestine of poultry for the production of meat after the removal of the feed prior to slaughter. of the present invention provide a method for reducing harmful bacteria in the intestine of laying hens, which performs the effective reduction of harmful bacteria, such as bacteria of the genus Salmonela, in the intestine of laying hens during the period of forced moulting.

In accordance with the present invention, an additive is provided for drinking water for poultry, which comprises living substance of the genus Bacillus and monosaccharides. According to "the present invention, there is provided the use of a drinking water additive for poultry comprising the live bacterium of the genus Bacillus and monosaccharides to prepare a mixture of drinking water for poultry. present invention, there is provided a method for administering the additive to the drinking water for poultry mentioned above, which comprises orally administering to poultry a mixture of drinking water for poultry prepared by dissolving and rendering a suspension the additive of the water for drinking for poultry in drinking water for poultry According to the present invention, there is provided a method for mitigating the loss of body weight of poultry for meat production, which comprises orally administering to poultry of barnyard for the production of meat an effective amount of a mixture of drinking water for poultry for at least one day immediately before the sacrifice, the effective amount that is effective for To mitigate the loss ^^ body weight of poultry after feeding before slaughter, the mixture of drinking water for poultry that has been prepared by dissolving and returning to water to drink for birds of poultry the additive of drinking water for poultry. In accordance with the present invention, there is also provided a method for reducing harmful bacteria in the poultry intestine for the production of meat comprising oral administration to poultry for the production of meat, an effective amount of a mixture of drinking water for poultry for at least one day immediately prior to slaughter, the effective amount which is effective to reduce the harmful bacteria in the poultry intestine after the withdrawal of food before slaughter, the mixture of drinking water for poultry that has been prepared by dissolving and suspending in drinking water for poultry the additive of drinking water for poultry. According to the present invention, there is further provided a method for reducing harmful bacteria in the intestine of a laying hen that comprises orally administering to a laying hen an effective amount of a drinking water mixture for poultry for at least one day during the forced shedding period of the laying hen, the effective amount that is effective in reducing the harmful bacteria in the laying chicken's intestine during the period of forced moulting, the mixture of drinking water for poultry that has been prepared by dissolving and suspending in water to drink for poultry the additive of drinking water for poultry.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a graph showing the results of the tests conducted in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

PREFERRED MODALITIES OF THE INVENTION The drinking water additive for poultry of the present invention contains live bacteria of the genus Bacillus and monosaccharides as active ingredients, and is dissolved and suspended in drinking water for poultry before use and is orally administered to birds of prey. Cortal in the form of a mixture of water to drink for poultry. The additive is particularly effective in mitigating the loss of body weight of poultry for meat production after removal of feed prior to slaughter, and for reducing or suppressing the growth of harmful bacteria in the poultry intestine for the purpose of production of meat after removal of feed before slaughter, or laying hens during the period of forced moulting. Live bacteria of the genus Bacillus include live bacteria from strains that have confirmed safety such as those of food grade for humans or those collected from healthy livestock or poultry. For example, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus pumilus, or Bacillus lentus can be used. Among these, Bacillus subtilis C-3102 (deposited at the Fermentation Research Institute, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Japan, under No. 1096) (FERM BP-1096, filed June 28, 1986) is particularly preferred for its excellent ability to increase the body weight of poultry and suppress the growth of harmful intestinal bacteria. * Ba cill us subtil i s C-3102 has already been used as a probiotic for livestock feed, and its safety has been confirmed. In addition, when the ubiquitous bacteria used to produce sticky fermented soybeans (natto) are used, the stickiness property of the fermented product due to polyglutamic acid and fructan should be taken into account since this property affects the efficiency of operation in the production process. Although the bacterium of the genus Bacillus also includes species of bacteria which will cause food poisoning, such as the Bacillus cereus patogenic, such species of bacteria that poisons the food are excluded from the scope of the present invention since the same does not meet the objects of the present invention. Consequently, it is important to select species of bacteria that will not cause food poisoning. Live bacteria of the genus Bacillus can be grown in solid or liquid medium containing a carbon source, a source of nitrogen, inorganic substances, vitamins, amino acids and the like, which are commonly used to grow microorganisms. The carbon source is not particularly limited such that it is a carbon compound which can be assimilated by the culture of the bacterium and can be glucose, sucrose, starch, or molasses. The nitrogen source may be, for example, peptone, meat extract, casein hydrolyzate, or ammonium sulfate. Optionally, salts such as phosphates, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, or manganese; vitamins, amino acids; a deforming agent; or an active agent on the surface can be added to the medium. The bacterium is preferably cultured under aerobic conditions with the initial pH of the medium which is preferably from 5 to 9, more preferably from 6 to 8, from 20 to 50 ° C preferably, more preferably from 30 to 45 ° C for 12 hours to 7 days. Any of the cultures per se that contains the live bacterium cultured Bacillus, condensed thereof, and the bacterium isolated from the culture, can be used as the active ingredient of the additive. The active ingredient preferably contains 10 to 10 cells of living bacteria, that is, spores and / or vegetative cells, per gram of the active ingredient. Live bacteria of the genus Bacillus per se as the active ingredient, or optionally mixed with a carrier, can be dried or formulated, and then mixed with the monosaccharides at be described later, which facilitates storage and transportation. Alternatively, live bacterium of the genus Bacillus can be mixed with monosaccharides before the same ones are mixed with a carrier and formulated. The carrier is not particularly limited, but preferably is soluble in water. Preferred examples of the carrier may include dextrin, sucrose, lactose, and galactose. When 10 monosaccharides are selected as the carrier, they also function as the active ingredient. The other active ingredient of the drinking water additive for poultry of the present invention, monosaccharides, in combination with the living bacterium of the genus Bacillus, exhibits the effects of mitigation of body weight loss of the poultry, as well as it also increases the blood glucose level of poultry to mitigate its hunger, which restricts or prevents the 20 poultry from eating their own feces to eliminate the cause of growth of the harmful intestinal bacteria. Examples of the monosaccharides may include glucose, fructose, galactose, and xylose. In the additive for drinking water of the 25 poultry of the present invention, the bacterium - --- > - "* - - ~ * - - - - ÁMafií? I a, * £ * -? Tia tím s ^ viva of the genus Bacillus and monosaccharides can be in the form of a dry mixture at a particular ratio or ratio or a formulation prepared by a mixture of living bacteria of the genus Bacillus and monosaccharides at a particular ratio or proportion Alternatively, the live bacterial formulation and the monosaccharide formulation can be packaged separately, and dissolved and suspended in water This particular relationship of the living bacterium and monosaccharides dissolved and suspended in drinking water for poultry is preferably such that the number of live bacteria of the genus Bacillus is preferably 10 4 to 10 8 cells, in order to drink to a particular relationship before use. most preferred form of about 10 to 10 cells per milliliter of drinking water, and the concentration of the monosaccharides is preferably 1 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the drinking water and s Monosaccharides together If the number of live bacteria is less than 10 4 cells / ml, the desired effect can not be achieved sufficiently, while even if the number of live bacteria exceeds 10 cells / ml, no further improvement can be expected in the effect, so it is not economical and preferable. If the concentration of the monosaccharides is less than 1% by weight, the effects . j? * j ** .. ^^ J »F. < to. of mitigation of body weight loss and increase of blood glucose level can not be sufficiently exhibited, while if the concentration exceeds 10% of weight, the viscosity of drinking water increases, which can cause%. that the poultry absorb the diminished amount of water to drink. In addition, when live bacteria and monosaccharides are mixed in advance, or the formulation is prepared from the mixture of living bacteria and monosaccharides before they are dissolved and suspended in drinking water for poultry, the ratio of the mixture of the two components is not particularly limited, but preferably 106 to 1010 cells of live Bacillus bacteria are mixed with 1 to 10 g of the monosaccharides. The additive for the water that the poultry of the present invention drink, can be used by dissolving and suspending the additive in drinking water of poultry to prepare a mixture of drinking water for poultry of preferred concentration, and administering orally mix the water to drink for poultry. In addition, for example, an appropriate amount of vitamins, minerals, amino acids, flavoring agents, agents that itta * '"-' ^ j ^^^ g ^^^^ t ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ g provide agricultural flavor bicarbonate of sodium, emulsifiers, stabilizers, or active agents on the surface, can be added to the drinking water mixture for poultry The preferred distribution for the administration of this mixture of drinking water for poultry is described below, but is not necessarily limited to it.The method for administering the additive, the method to mitigate the loss of body weight of poultry for meat production, the method to reduce dangerous intestinal bacteria in poultry for meat production, and the method to reduce harmful intestinal bacteria in chickens Layers of the present invention, all are characterized by orally administering to the poultry a mixture of drinking water prepared by dissolving and suspending the additive in drinking water for poultry. In particular, for poultry for the production of meat, an effective amount of the additive is administered orally, ie, it is administered in drinking water, for at least one day immediately before slaughter, while for laying hens, an amount The effective amount of the additive is administered orally, say, it is administered in water to drink, for at least one day during the period of forced moulting. Oral administration for poultry can be effected, for example, by continuous administration or intermittent administrations during the predetermined administration period of the drinking water mixture for prepared poultry by dissolving and suspending the additive of drinking water for poultry. barrel of the present invention, in drinking water for poultry at a particular mixing ratio or proportion. The number of live bacteria of the genus Bacillus in the drinking water mixture for poultry is preferably 10 to 10 cells / ml, more preferably about 10 5 to 10 8 cells / ml, and the concentration of the monosaccharides is preferably 1 to 10% by weight of the total weight of drinking water for poultry and the monosaccharides together. Administration for at least one day immediately prior to slaughter may be sufficient for poultry for meat production, but usually daily administration may be effective for two to seven consecutive days immediately prior to slaughter. For example, the administration after the withdrawal of food may be sufficient, but the "-v-" '- "- ^^ - S" -' additional administrationfX before the withdrawal of food can provide improved increase in body weight and preliminary balance of intestinal flora, so it is preferred. It is preferable and more economical to start the daily administration of effective dose one or two days before the withdrawal of food, and the daily administration of effective dose continues even after the withdrawal of food. In the case of laying hens, the administration of effective dose for at least one day during the period of forced moulting may be sufficient, but additional administration before or after the period of forced moulting may also be effective. The daily and continuous administration of effective dose for a particular period of or the entire period of the forced moulting period is preferred. The effective dose can be appropriately decided, but usually a daily dose of 200 to 500 ml of the drinking water mixture for poultry per bird per day, may be appropriate before and after feed withdrawal to mitigate weight loss body and reduce harmful intestinal bacteria. The drinking water additive for poultry of the present invention, contains bacteria • j ^^ w ^^^^^ gj ^^^ _ ™ ^ J ^ ^^ live of the genus Bacillus the monosaccharides. Therefore, by orally administering to poultry for meat production an effective amount of the additive for at least one day immediately prior to the slaughter of the poultry, the loss of body weight of the poultry can be mitigated. Harmful gut bacteria in poultry are reduced, and contamination of the meat portion with bacteria that poisons the food such as the Salmonella genus until slaughter is prevented. In addition, by administering an effective amount of the additive orally to the laying hens for at least one day during the forced shedding period of the laying hens, the harmful intestinal bacteria in the poultry is reduced, and the adverse effect of the harmful bacteria in eggs to be deposited.

EXAMPLES The present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the Examples, but the present invention will not be limited thereto.

^ § | ^. A * gfejBfe £ g5 Example 1 Male young cocks 48 days old were divided into three groups of 10 young chickens each of similar weight. The mix A of drinking water of the young chickens was prepared by mixing the additive of the drinking water for poultry in drinking water of the poultry so that the mixture A contains 4% by weight of glucose and 6X105 CFU / ml of Ba cil l us sub ti lis C-3102. The first group of male chicks of similar weight were fed normal solid feed (sold by ITOCHU FEED MILLS CO., LTD, trademark "BROACE F") and allows free and continuous access to mixture A of drinking water for poultry for the first two days of the test. On the subsequent day, the feed with the normal solid feed was removed, and only the mixture A of drinking water was continuously provided for the day. The body weight gained or increased in the first two days of the test (body weight gained before the withdrawal of food), the loss of body weight on the day of the withdrawal of food (loss of body weight after the withdrawal of the * ^ S j | , ^^^^ g ^ Ü ^ MtaMtt VIÍl alimentation), and the increase in body weight after three days of the trial period (body weight gain during the trial period) were measured. The results are shown in Figure 1 as the average value for laying hens.

Comparative Examples 1 and 2 Each of the second and third groups of the young male chickens of similar weight, divided in Example 1, were placed under the same test conditions as in Example 1 except that the mixture A of drinking water was replaced with water. (Example Comparative 1) or mixture B of drinking water for poultry containing 4% by weight of glucose (Comparative Example 2), respectively, and the change in the body weight of the young chickens was measured. The results are shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 shows that the increase in body weight in the two days before the withdrawal of food and the increase in body weight after three days of the trial period was larger with the group providing mix A of water to drink (Example 1), then with the given group the mixture B of water for drinking (£ j empls ^ Comparative 2), and the smallest with the group < provided with water (Comparative Example 1). Therefore, the group receiving the mixture A or B of water to drink was larger in the increase of body weight while being fed with the solid food, and smaller in body weight loss after the removal of the solid feed , that the group provided with water. In addition, the increase in body weight of the group given the mixture A of water to drink was higher, while the feed with normal food, than the increase in body weight of the group given the mixture B of water to drink, which indicates that the training group provides the highest final productivity.

Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 A field experiment was conducted in tender chickens 54 days old. ' First, 30 samples of faecal droplets were collected from each poultry housing to preliminarily confirm that no significant difference in the amount of Salmonella bacteria was detected among the poultry housings prior to the experiment. -gi, ^ ^ f ^^ t ^ A ^ ie ^ h, ^. ^^ Tender chickens were allowed free access to solid feed (sold by ITOCHU FEED MILLS CO., LTD., trademark "BROAGE F") and the mixture A of drinking water prepared in Example 1 (Example 2) or water (Comparative Example 3). on the first day of the experiment. On the second day, the feed with the solid feed was removed, and only mixture A of drinking water (Example 2) or water (Comparative Example 3) was provided to the young chickens for the full day (withdrawal period of the feeding), and the young chickens were sacrificed on the third day. After sacrifice, 30 samples of cecal contents were collected from each tender chicken in the slaughter room, and tested for Salmonella bacteria. The results are shown in Table 1. It is observed from the results in Table 1 that the number of subjects in which Salmonella was detected and the number of bacteria detected in the subjects was significantly lower with the groups to which The mixture A of drinking water (Example 2) was given to the group to which water was provided (Comparative Example 3) with the significant level of 5%. It is understood from Example 2 that the number of subjects in the ü ^^ 24 - «! *** which detected SalmoneE2r and the number of bacteria X" detected in the subjects could be significantly reduced under the practical conditions of commercial poultry farms by administering to the poultry a c? H¡ The live bacterium of the genus Bacillus, the cucfx suppresses the alteration in the intestinal flora, and the monosaccharides, which raise the level of glucose in the blood of young chickens and suppresses coprophagia.

* P < 0.05 fifteen '- "' -" * - ^ ~ * »'^^^ 1'» * * i '»~~' *? > It is noted that in relation to this date the best method known to the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention is that which is clear from the present description of the invention. Having described the invention as above, the content of the following is claimed as property

Claims (11)

1. A drinking water additive for poultry characterized in that it comprises living bacterium 5 of the genus Bacillus and monosaccharides.

2. The additive according to claim 1, characterized in that the live bacteria 0 of the genus Bacillus are live bacteria of the species Bacillus subtilis.

3. The additive according to claim 2, characterized in that the live bacterium of Bacillus species is live bacteria of the strain Ba cil lus subti l is C-3102 (FERM BP-1096).

4. The additive according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio or proportion of the mixture of the live bacterium and the monosaccharides is from 10 6 to 10 10 cells of the live bacterium for 1 to 10 g of the monosaccharides.

^^^^^^^^ B ^^^^^^^^^ T ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^. Use of an additive for drinking water by poultry comprising live bacteria of the genus Bacillus and monosaccharides to prepare a mixture of drinking water for poultry.

6. A method for administering a poultry drinking water additive characterized in that it comprises: orally administering to a poultry a mixture of drinking water for prepared poultry by dissolving and forming a suspension in drinking water for poultry, a Drinking water additive for poultry comprising live bacteria of the genus Bacillus and monosaccharides.

7. A method for mitigating the loss of body weight of poultry for meat production, characterized in that it comprises: orally administering to poultry for meat production an effective amount of a mixture of drinking water for poultry by at least one day immediately before the sacrifice, the effective amount that is effective to mitigate the | loss of body weight of poultry after withdrawal of feed before slaughter, mixture of drinking water for poultry which has been prepared by dissolving and forming suspension in water to drink for birds of contal a water additive to drink for poultry that includes live bacteria of the genus Bacillus and monosaccharides.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the mixture of drinking water for poultry is orally administered daily to the poultry for the production of meat, for two to seven successive days immediately before slaughter in a effective amount to mitigate the loss of body weight of poultry after withdrawal from feeding prior to slaughter.

9. A method for reducing harmful bacteria in the intestine of poultry for the production of meat characterized in that it comprises: orally administering to poultry for the production of meat, an effective amount of a mixing water for drinking poultry for at least one day immediately prior to slaughter, the effective amount that is effective in reducing harmful bacteria in the intestine of poultry after removal of the feed before slaughter. , the mixture of drinking water for poultry that has been prepared by dissolving and suspending in water to drink for poultry, an additive for water drinkable by poultry that comprises live bacteria of the Bacillus genus and monosaccharides.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the mixture of drinking water for poultry is orally administered daily to the poultry for the production of meat, for two to seven successive days immediately before slaughter, in an amount effective to reduce harmful bacteria in the intestine of poultry after removal of feed before slaughter. SfiÉ í tfte ^ H¡

11. A to reduce the harmful bacteria in the laying hen intestine characterized in that it comprises: administering orally to a laying hen an effective amount of a mixture of drinking water for poultry for at least one day during the period of forced shedding of the laying hen, the effective amount that is effective in reducing harmful bacteria in the laying hen's intestine during the period of forced moulting, the drinking water mixture for poultry that has been prepared by dissolving and forming a suspension in water to drink for birds of barnyard, an additive for water drinkable by poultry, which comprises live bacteria of the genus Bacillus and monosaccharides. A «g ^^^^^^^^^ agggg ^^^^^^ g g ADDITIVE WATER TO DRINK FOR BIRDS AND METHOD OF ADMINISTRATION THEREOF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention discloses an additive for drinking water for poultry that contains live bacteria of the genus Bacillus and monosaccharides, which can mitigate the loss of body weight of poultry for meat production after withdrawal of feed before of the sacrifice, and which can reduce the harmful bacteria such as Salmonella genus in the poultry intestine for the production of meat and laying hens during the fasting period by the withdrawal of the food. Also disclosed is a method for oral administration of the additive for drinking water for poultry, to poultry, a method for mitigating the loss of body weight of poultry for meat production using this method, and a method to reduce harmful bacteria in the intestine of poultry for the production of meat or laying hens.