KR20180122705A - A contact system for establishing an electrical connection between a primary device and a secondary device - Google Patents

Abstract

A contact system (1; 26; 33; 36; 38) for creating an electrical connection between a primary device and a secondary device comprises a primary transfer element (2; 6 A secondary transfer element (9; 28; 34; 37; 40; 40) having a plurality of secondary contact surfaces (10; 10a; 10b; 32a; 32b; 32c; 35a; 35b; 42a; 42b) ). Further, the primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) has a plurality of primary PE contact surfaces (4; 7; 30) and the secondary transfer elements (9; 28; And at least one secondary PE contacting surface (31a, 31b; 41). An electrical connection between the primary device and the secondary device is created by contact of the primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) and the secondary transfer element (9; 28;

Description

A contact system for establishing an electrical connection between a primary device and a secondary device

The present invention relates to a contact system for establishing an electrical connection between a primary device and a secondary device in which at least two terminals are electrically isolated from each other, the contact system comprising:

A primary transfer element disposed in a structured manner and having a plurality of primary contact surfaces electrically isolated from each other, wherein each primary contact surface is connected to at least one terminal of the primary device through a respective switch, A primary transfer element,

A secondary transfer element having a plurality of secondary contact surfaces electrically isolated from each other, wherein each terminal of the secondary device is electrically connected to at least one secondary contact surface, the primary transfer element comprising a secondary transfer element Wherein the secondary contact surface is in contact with at least a portion of the primary contact surface when the primary transfer element and the secondary transfer element are in contact,

The primary contact surface and the secondary contact surface being designed to determine a primary contact surface in contact with the secondary contact surface when the primary transfer element and the secondary transfer element are in contact, And a control means designed to establish an electrical connection between the individual terminal of the secondary device and the individual terminal of the secondary device.

Such a contact system is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 8,307,967 B2, wherein the secondary device is formed by a vehicle and the primary device is formed by a power supply unit. The primary transmission element is embedded in the road surface of the parking lot, and the secondary transmission element is fastened to the lower portion of the vehicle. When the vehicle driven by the electric motor is parked in the car park, the mechanism can then lower the primary transfer element onto the secondary transfer element, allowing current to flow through the contact surface of the transfer elements to charge the vehicle's power .

The primary transmission elements embedded in the road surface of the parking lot are formed by two rows of round primary contact surfaces that are electrically insulated from each other and arranged in a rectangular or lattice pattern. A control means is assigned to the primary transfer element, which is connected to each of the primary contact surfaces on the one hand and to the positive and negative terminals of the low voltage power supply on the other hand in the range of 12V to 12V. By means of the control means, each of the primary contact surfaces which are being switched to the pontential-free for a while can be connected to a positive terminal or a negative terminal.

The secondary transmission element on the vehicle disclosed in US Pat. No. 8,307,967 B2 has a row of square secondary contact surfaces whose size is such that a short circuit of the contact surface of the transmission element can be generated through the contact surface of the other transmission element It was chosen not to be. After mechanically lowering the secondary transfer element onto the primary transfer element, the control element then determines which primary contact surface is in electrical contact with the secondary contact surface, and then applies the appropriate primary contact surface of the primary transfer element to the lower voltage Connect to the positive terminal of the power source and connect the appropriate secondary contact surface of the secondary transmission element to the negative terminal to allow the vehicle's power to be charged.

In the case of a known contact system, it has been proved that with a low voltage power supply, the charging process takes a relatively long time and, therefore, there is a disadvantage that the vehicle power is not fully charged in the case of a parking period, for example only one hour. For safety reasons, the use of voltages in excess of the low voltage range between the positive and negative terminals is not feasible, as other electrification may occur, or the vehicle may become unprotected Because.

The present invention is based on the objective of creating a safety system that is nonetheless secure to avoid the telephone, in the case of energy transfer having a voltage in excess of the low voltage range between the primary and secondary devices.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by:

A plurality of primary PE contact surfaces are formed on the primary transfer element and these primary PE contact surfaces are placed on the primary transfer element between the primary contact surfaces in a structured manner electrically isolated from the primary contact surface And,

At least one secondary PE contact surface is formed on the secondary transfer element, the secondary PE contact surface being electrically insulated from the secondary contact surfaces,

The contact system has positioning means for aligning the secondary transfer element and the primary transfer element with respect to each other during contact with the secondary transfer element of the primary transfer element so that at least one secondary PE contact The surface is brought into contact with at least one primary PE contact surface.

Thereby, when the primary and secondary transfer elements are in contact, the advantage is obtained that at least one secondary PE contact surface is always connected to at least one primary PE contact surface. As a result, a switch-free connection can be established between the primary device and the secondary device via at least one secondary PE contact surface and the primary PE contact surface. Before this electrical connection is established by the control means to transfer current between the individual terminals of the primary device and the individual terminals of the secondary device through this switchless connection a direct electrical connection is made between the primary device and the secondary device .

Preferably, at least one secondary PE contact surface is connected to the ground potential through the protective conductor of the secondary device, or the primary PE contact surface is connected to the ground potential through the protective conductor of the primary device, And the secondary transfer element are in contact, the primary device and the secondary device are grounded. As a result, when a voltage greater than 60 V is applied to the terminals of the primary device or the secondary device, a secure energy transfer between the primary device and the secondary device is also ensured.

In a further embodiment, a portion of the terminal may also be used for communicating information between the primary device and the secondary device.

For example, the secondary device is formed by a charging circuit of a vehicle, particularly a vehicle having an electric drive, wherein the primary device is formed by a permanently installed power supply unit. The primary transmission element is advantageously embedded in the road surface of the parking lot, garage or intersection area, and the secondary transmission element is mounted on the lower part of the electric vehicle and is lowered or raised. As previously, the term "intersection zone" means pedestrian crossing, as well as all of the areas ahead of the intersection controlled by the traffic lights. A power supply unit, such as any professionally connected device that operates in a voltage range exceeding 60V and delivers higher power, is grounded by a protective conductor, also referred to as a PE conductor. Due to the increased voltage, the vehicle's power can be charged more quickly and the vehicle gets the advantage of being ready for re-use more quickly. When the primary transmission element and the secondary transmission element make contact by the primary PE contact surface and the at least one secondary PE contact surface, the charging circuit of the vehicle or the entire vehicle is securely connected to the ground potential, The risk of electric shock eventually decreases.

Advantageously, the contact means is formed by a magnetic coupling element, such magnetic coupling element comprising at least one first part and at least one second part, at least one first part being formed in the primary transfer element , At least one second portion is formed in the secondary transfer element. Preferably, at least one first portion of the magnetic coupling element is formed by an electromagnet or permanent magnet, and at least one second portion is formed by a ferromagnetic element, electromagnet or permanent magnet, 1 portion is formed by a ferromagnetic element and at least one second portion is formed by an electromagnet or a permanent magnet. The first and second portions of the magnetic coupling element can be integrated completely invisibly into the primary transfer element and the secondary transfer element and thus the visual appearance of the contact system is not adversely affected. Contamination of the primary and secondary transmission elements is also advantageously prevented by the smooth surface.

Advantageously, a first portion of the magnetic coupling element is formed on each primary PE contact surface, and advantageously, a second portion is formed on the at least one secondary PE contact surface. The second portion formed on the at least one secondary PE contact surface is preferably an electromagnet and the first portion formed on the primary PE contact surface is preferably a ferromagnetic inlay. The electromagnet is advantageously activated during contact of the primary and secondary transmission elements and when the primary and secondary transmission elements are in contact. The advantage of particularly reliable contact with the secondary elements of the primary element is ensured by the magnetic force.

In a further preferred embodiment, the primary transfer element has a primary surface, the secondary transfer element has a secondary surface, and the positioning means is configured by a first spatial structure of the primary surface and a second spatial structure of the secondary surface . Preferably, the first spatial structure of the primary surface exhibits a negative form of the spatial structure of the secondary surface. Thereby, during the contact of the primary transfer element and the secondary transfer element, the primary and secondary transfer elements are automatically displaced to the correct position with respect to each other and the provision of additional active positioning means or energy-consuming positioning means is unnecessarily It is advantageous to be able to do so. The primary surface may, for example, be provided with a plurality of tapered recesses, and a plurality of frusto-conical projections project from the secondary surface.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the contact means is formed by a displacement unit, which is configured to act on the primary and / or secondary transfer element to contact the primary transfer element with the secondary transfer element, Lt; / RTI > At least one sensor is formed in the secondary transfer element and / or the primary transfer element, and while the primary transfer element is in contact with the secondary transfer element, at least one sensor is arranged between the primary transfer element and the secondary transfer element Detecting a relative position, wherein the displacement unit operates according to the detected relative position such that the at least one secondary PE contact surface is in contact with the at least one primary PE contact surface. In this configuration, the term "sensor" means, among other things, a camera, a light sensor, or an electromagnetic sensor. The advantage is obtained that the primary transfer element and the secondary transfer element can also be aligned with respect to each other, even if the distance between the primary transfer element and the secondary transfer element is even a further distance, for example 10 cm to 20 cm. The displacement unit is advantageously formed by an arm mounted cantilevered on the vehicle and by at least one actuator, and at least one actuator acts on the arm. The position of the arm can be changed by at least one actuator.

Here, too, it is mentioned that the contact process between the primary transfer element and the secondary transfer element means the term "during contact ", i.e. movement, to bring the primary and secondary transfer elements apart from each other into contact .

Advantageously, the primary contact surface and the secondary contact surface and / or the primary PE contact surface and the at least one secondary PE contact surface have substantially the same contour and are polygonal or round. Thereby achieving the advantage that the manufacturing effort is reduced during the manufacture of the contact surface.

Advantageously, while contacting the primary transfer element with the secondary transfer element, the positioning means aligns the primary transfer element and the secondary transfer element with respect to each other such that the at least one secondary PE contact surface has at least one primary PE contact surface as a whole or at least the widest possible surface area. This ensures that a good enough connection is established between the primary device and the secondary device for protection against the telephone.

The primary contact surface of the primary transfer element is preferably disposed opposite the secondary contact surface of the secondary transfer element such that when at least one secondary PE contact surface is in contact with the at least one primary PE contact surface, Each secondary contact surface covers at least one primary contact surface as a whole or at least the widest possible surface area. This has the advantage that high power can also be delivered through the primary and secondary contact surfaces.

Advantageously, the at least one secondary PE contact surface has a ring-shape, and at least one secondary PE contact surface surrounds the secondary contact surface and is disposed on the secondary transfer element. Thereby, when the primary and secondary transmission elements are in contact, when the electrical connection is established between the individual terminal of the primary device and the individual terminal of the secondary device, and when the voltage is applied to the terminal of the primary device, When applied to a terminal, it is advantageous that it is impossible to contact the externally energized elements, since all the elements that are energized are covered entirely.

Further advantageous embodiments of the contact system according to the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the figures.
Figure 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of a primary transfer element.
Figure 2 schematically shows a further embodiment of the primary transfer element.
Figure 3 schematically shows a first embodiment of a secondary transfer element.
Fig. 4 schematically shows an embodiment of a contact system according to the invention for contacting the primary transfer element according to Fig. 1 and the secondary transfer element according to Fig. 3;
Figure 5 shows a schematic view along section AA of an embodiment of the contact system according to the invention according to figure 4;
Figure 6 schematically shows a further embodiment of a contact system according to the invention for contacting the primary transfer element with the secondary transfer element.
Figure 7 schematically shows a further embodiment of a contact system according to the invention for contacting a primary transfer element with a secondary transfer element.
Figure 8 schematically shows a further embodiment of a contact system according to the invention for contacting the primary transfer element with the secondary transfer element.
9 schematically shows a further embodiment of a contact system according to the invention for contacting a primary transfer element with a secondary transfer element.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of a primary transfer element 2. Fig. The primary transfer element 2 comprises a plurality of primary contact surfaces 3 and a plurality of primary PE contact surfaces 4. The primary contact surfaces 3 are insulated from one another and from the primary PE contact surface 4 and are arranged in a structured manner on the primary surface of the primary transfer element and have a primary contact surface 3 and a primary PE The contact surface 4 has the same hexagonal shape. The primary contact surfaces 3 are molded into the artificial resin 8 electrically insulated from each other and from the primary PE contact surface 4. However, instead of the artificial resin 8, it is possible to use any other material having an electrical insulation property, such as a material made of plastic or ceramic, for example. In the primary PE contact surface 4, the first part of the positioning means is formed in the form of a magnetic coupling element. The first part is formed by a ferromagnetic inlet 5 made of iron or an iron alloy. The primary PE contact surface 4 and the primary contact surface 3 are composed of copper but may also be formed from an alloy of aluminum, chromium, nickel, silver, gold or at least one of these metals.

Figure 2 schematically shows a further embodiment of the primary transfer element 6. The primary transfer element 6 differs from the primary transfer element 2 according to Fig. 1 in that the primary PE contact surface 7 is covered by a cap 45 made of a ferromagnetic material. The cap 45 forms a first portion of the magnetic coupling element.

Figure 3 schematically shows an embodiment of the secondary transfer element 9. The secondary transfer element 9 includes a plurality of secondary contact surfaces 10 and a plurality of secondary PE contact surfaces 11. At the secondary PE contact surface 11, a second portion of the positioning means is formed in the form of a magnetic coupling element. The second part is formed by the electromagnet 12 which can be actuated by the control unit 25 shown in Fig. The secondary contact surface 10 and the secondary PE contact surface 11 are disposed electrically isolated from each other on the secondary transfer element 9. In this embodiment, the secondary contact surface 10 and the secondary PE contact surface 11 are molded into the artificial resin 13.

The arrangement of the secondary contact surface 10 and the secondary PE contact surface 11 is identical to the arrangement of the primary PE contact surface 4 and the primary contact surface 3 of the primary transfer element 2 according to FIG. And substantially corresponds to the arrangement of the primary PE contact surface 7 and the primary contact surface 3 of the primary transfer element 6 according to the structure or FIG.

Fig. 4 schematically shows an embodiment of the contact system 1 according to the invention for contacting the primary transfer element 2 according to Fig. 1 with the secondary transfer element 9 according to Fig.

Each primary contact surface 3 of the primary transfer element 2 is connected to the two terminals of the primary device, that is to say one positive terminal 15a, by the switch unit 14 via the first connecting line 19. [ And one negative terminal 15b. For the sake of clarity, only a few of the first connecting lines 19 are shown in Fig. The primary transmission element 2 is advantageously embodied on the road surface of the car park. The switch unit 14 has a plurality of switches, and each primary contact surface 3 is connected to one of the terminals 15a and 15b via a switch or is switched to a free potential. The switch of the switch unit 14 is operated by the control means formed in the switch unit 14. [ The individual switches of the switch unit 14 are formed by a common repeater, and the control means is formed by a microcontroller. The primary device is formed by the power source unit 16 in such a manner that a transformer and a rectifier are connected to the power grid, and converts the AC voltage of 380 V of the power grid into a DC voltage of 60 V or more.

In a further embodiment, the individual switch of the switch unit 14 is formed by a power thyristor or a power transistor.

The primary PE contact surface 4 is connected to the ground potential 18 via a second connecting line 17. In this embodiment, the primary PE contact surface 4 is directly grounded. However, it is also possible that the primary PE contact surface 4 is grounded via the power grid, and the power grid 16 is connected to this power grid. For the sake of clarity, only a few of the second connecting lines 17 are shown in Fig.

The three first secondary contact surfaces 10a of the secondary transfer element 9 are connected to the positive terminal 43a of the secondary device via the third connecting line 20. [ The three second secondary contact surfaces 10b of the secondary transfer element 9 are connected to the negative terminal 43b of the secondary device through the fourth connecting line 22. [ The secondary device is formed by a charging circuit (21) of a vehicle having an electric drive part. The secondary PE contact surface 11 is connected to the ground terminal of the charging circuit 21 via the fifth connecting line 24. For the sake of clarity, only a few of the fifth connecting lines 24 are shown in Fig. The power source of the vehicle, which is characterized by the block 23, is connected to the charging circuit 21. This power source is formed by, for example, a lithium ion battery.

In a further embodiment, the contact system 1 has a primary transmission element 6 according to Fig.

In a further embodiment, the power supply unit 16 converts an AC voltage of 380 V to a DC voltage of 200 V.

In a further embodiment, the primary device is formed by a fuse box with multiple fuses, and the 380V ac voltage of the power grid is applied directly to terminals 15a and 15b. In this embodiment, the charging circuit 21 additionally has a rectifier to convert the AC voltage to a DC voltage for vehicle power supply. In the case of this embodiment, the switch of the switch unit 14 is advantageously formed by the power triac.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic view along section A-A of an embodiment of the contact system 1 according to the invention according to Fig. The generation of the electrical connection between the terminals 15a and 15b of the power source unit 16 and the terminals 43a and 43b of the charging circuit 21 will now be described in more detail. The secondary transfer element 9 is fastened to the lower part of the vehicle so that it can be raised and lowered by the active controllable lifting unit and the secondary transfer element 9 is movably fastened to the lifting unit. The vehicle and the lift unit are not shown in Fig. 5 for the sake of clarity. The control unit 25 formed in the vehicle recognizes when the vehicle is parked on the primary transmission element 2. In such a case, the control unit 25 activates the electromagnet 12 and actuates the lifting unit to lower the secondary transfer element 9 onto the primary transfer element 2. [ Due to the presence of the electromagnet 12 and the inlet 5 formed in the primary PE contact surface 4, the primary transfer element 9 is aligned with the secondary transfer element 2, The contact surface 11 is in extensive contact with each primary PE contact surface 4 and the PE contact surfaces 4 and 11 cover each other as a whole.

Through the number of secondary PE contact surfaces 11 and primary PE contact surfaces 4 the secondary transfer element 9 is tilted and translated relative to the primary transfer element 2 by the electromagnet 12, , So that in each case one of the six secondary contact surfaces 10a, 10b contacts the primary contact surface 3 in each case. Since each secondary contact surface 10a, 10b rests entirely on the primary contact surface 3, the advantage is that very high power can be delivered through the contact surface. Through the primary PE contact surface 4 and the secondary PE contact surface 11, the charging circuit 21 is grounded switch-free.

The microcontroller formed in the switch unit 14 determines these primary contact surfaces 3 in contact with the secondary contact surface. The primary contact surface 3 is still switched to the free potential all at this point in time. In a further step, the microcontroller determines via which of the secondary contact surfaces 10a, 10b which primary contact surface 3 is connected to which terminal 43a, 43b of the charging circuit 21. By operating the switch unit 14 after the polarity of the primary contact surface 3 is determined, the microcontroller is placed between the positive terminal 43a of the charging circuit and the positive terminal 15a of the power supply unit 16 The electrical connection is established through the determined first primary contact surface 3 and the first secondary contact surface 10a and the electrical connection between the negative terminal 43b of the charging circuit 21 and the negative terminal 43b of the power supply unit 16, And the second secondary contact surface 10b determined between the first secondary contact surface 15b and the second primary contact surface 3 and the determined second secondary contact surface 10b. As a result, an electrical connection is established between the terminals 15a and 15b of the power unit 16 and the terminals 43a and 43b of the charging circuit 21. The remaining primary contact surface 3, which does not contact any secondary contact surfaces 10a, 10b, remains free potential.

When the filling process is completed or the driver of the vehicle wishes to drive, the control unit 25 activates the lifting unit to deactivate the electromagnet 12 and raise the secondary transfer element 9. Before the secondary transfer element 9 is lifted from the primary transfer element 2, the microcontroller stops supplying current to the primary contact surface 3, and all of the primary contact surfaces 3 are again free potential .

In a further embodiment the electrical connection between the first secondary contact surface 10a and the positive terminal 43a of the charging circuit 21 is interrupted and the second secondary contact surface 10b ) And the negative terminal 43b of the charging circuit 21 is interrupted. Only when the primary transfer element 2 and the secondary transfer element 9 are in contact, the electrical connection between the charging circuit and the secondary contact surfaces 10a and 10b is restructured. The telephone at the terminals of the secondary contact surfaces 10a and 10b is thereby avoided and avoids the terminals 43a and 43b of the charging circuit 21 becoming short-circuited during operation or during contact.

The primary contact surface 3 of the primary transfer element 2 is connected to the positive terminal 15a of the power supply unit 16 via the first connecting line 19 by the switch unit 14, To the terminal 15b of the switch 15b. In section AA one of the two primary contact surfaces 3 lying between the two primary PE contact surfaces 4 is connected to the positive terminal 15a of the power supply unit 16 via the switch accordingly And the other of the two primary contact surfaces 3 lying between the two primary PE contact surfaces 4 is connected only to the negative terminal 15b of the power supply unit 16 via the switch. Furthermore, the secondary contact surface 10a or 10b can be a secondary contact surface 10a or 10b when the primary transfer element 2 and the secondary transfer element 9 are in contact or a plurality of secondary The contact surface 10a or 10b must at least have a size covering at least two primary contact surfaces 3. [ The primary contact surface 3 in contact with the secondary contact surface 4 is electrically connected to both the positive terminal 15a of the power supply unit 16 and the positive terminal 43a of the charging circuit 21, There is no need to switch between the negative terminal 15b of the unit 16 and the negative terminal 43b of the charging circuit 21 to establish a connection.

Figure 6 schematically shows a further embodiment of a contact system 26 according to the invention for contacting the primary transfer element 27 with the secondary transfer element 28. [ Unlike the primary transfer element 6 according to FIG. 2, in the case of the primary transfer element 27, the primary contact surface 29 and the primary PE contact surface 30 are rounded. The primary PE contact surface 30 is also covered with a ferromagnetic cap. In each case, the cap forms a first part of the positioning means formed by the magnetic coupling element.

In a further embodiment, the primary PE contact surface 30 is comprised entirely of a ferromagnetic material.

The secondary transfer element 28 has two secondary PE contact surfaces and three secondary contact surfaces, the first secondary PE contact surface 31a is round and the second secondary PE contact surface 31b is ring- Shape. Thereby, when the first transmission element 27 and the second transmission element 28 are in contact, the secondary contact surface is completely surrounded by the second secondary PE contact surface 31b, The advantage is obtained. The secondary contact surface is connected to a secondary device having three different terminals, the first secondary contact surface 32a being connected to the negative terminal of the secondary device and the second secondary contact surface 32b being connected to the second And the third secondary contact surface 32c is connected to the INPUT / OUTPUT terminal of the secondary device for data exchange. The primary device includes a positive terminal, a negative terminal and an INPUT / OUTPUT terminal, the individual terminals being in each case connected to the primary contact surface 29 through a switch. As a result, the contact system 26 may be used to exchange data between the primary device and the secondary device. For clarity, the representation of the electronic device and the representation of the primary and secondary devices are not required in Fig. The electronic device is however substantially the same as the electronic device shown in Fig. 4 or Fig.

In the case of the embodiment shown in Figure 6, at the first secondary PE contact surface 31a, the second portion of the magnetic coupling element is formed in the form of an electromagnet 44 and at the second secondary PE contact surface 31b, Six second portions are formed in the form of the electromagnet (44). Electromagnets 44 are formed on the secondary PE contact surfaces 31a so that they are hidden under the secondary PE contact surfaces 31a and 31b and are not visible from the outside. The electromagnet 44 formed on the second secondary PE contact surface 31b is disposed on the second secondary PE contact surface 31b such that when the primary transfer element 27 and the secondary transfer element 28 are in contact , Each of the secondary contact surfaces 31a, 31b and 31c covers the two primary contact surfaces 29. While contacting the secondary transfer element 28 with the primary transfer element 27, the secondary transfer element 28 is therefore always tilted and translationally aligned with respect to the primary transfer element 27.

In a further embodiment, the primary device comprises three terminals to which a three-phase current is applied, the individual terminals being in each case connected to the primary contact surface 29 via a switch. In the case of this embodiment, the first secondary contact surface 32a is assigned to the first terminal of the secondary device for current carrying and the second secondary contact surface 32b is assigned to the secondary device for current carrying 2 terminal, and the third secondary contact surface 32c is assigned to the third terminal of the secondary device for current carrying. As a result, in the case of this arrangement, a three-phase alternating current can be transferred from the primary device to the secondary device through the contact system. This is particularly advantageous because the alternating current of the power grid supply can be transferred accordingly.

Figure 7 schematically shows a further embodiment of a contact system 33 according to the present invention in which the primary transfer element 27 and the secondary transfer element 34 are in contact. The secondary transfer element 34 is configured to allow the secondary transfer element 28 of the contact system 26 according to Figure 6 in that the secondary transfer element 34 has only two secondary contact surfaces 35a and 35b ). When the primary transfer element 27 and the secondary transfer element 34 are in contact, each secondary contact surface 35a, 35b covers the three primary contact surfaces 29. Thereby, an advantage is obtained that higher power can be transmitted through the primary transfer element 27 and the secondary transfer element 34. For clarity, the representation of the electronic device is not required in Fig. The electronic device is however the same as the electronic device shown in Fig. 4 or Fig.

Figure 8 schematically shows a further embodiment of a contact system 36 according to the present invention in which the primary transfer element 27 and the secondary transfer element 37 are in contact. The secondary transfer element 37 is configured such that the secondary contact surfaces 35a and 35b are spaced from each other such that when the primary transfer element 27 and the secondary transfer element 37 are in contact, In that in the case of contact between the contact surface 31a and the primary PE contact surface 30 the tilted alignment of the secondary transfer element 37 relative to the primary transfer element 27 can be avoided, 7 of the contact system 33 according to Fig. Thereby, an electromagnet may not be required on the second secondary PE contacting surface 31b, thereby obtaining the advantage that the manufacturing effort is reduced during the manufacture of the secondary transfer element 37. [

9 schematically shows a further embodiment of a contact system 38 according to the present invention in which the primary transfer element 39 and the secondary transfer element 40 are in contact. The primary transfer element 39 is of the type shown in Figure 8 in that the primary contact surface 29 and the primary PE contact surface 30 are alternately arranged in a row in a structured manner on the primary transfer element 39 Differs from the primary transmission element 27 of the contact system 36. The secondary transfer element 40 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape and has a secondary PE contact surface 41, three first secondary contact surfaces 42a and three second secondary contact surfaces 42b, The first secondary contact surface 42a is connected to the first terminal of the secondary device and the second secondary contact surface 42b is connected to the second terminal of the secondary device. For clarity, the secondary device is not shown in FIG. At the secondary PE contact surface 42, the second portion of the positioning means is formed by a magnetic coupling element. The second portion is formed by the electromagnet (44). During the contact of the primary transmission element 39 and the secondary transmission element 40 the secondary transmission element 40 is arranged to be translationally and tilted by the electromagnet 44 relative to the primary transmission element 39 .

It is also possible that an alternating voltage of a similar voltage range as well as a direct voltage of 80, 100 or 400 V may be made available in the primary device. Further, the number of terminals in the exemplary embodiment will not be considered to be a limitation. For example, a three-phase alternating current can be delivered to a neutral conductor. In addition, additional alternating voltages with different voltage amplitudes or frequencies may be transmitted through additional secondary contact surfaces and terminals. Likewise, for example, the transfer of data about the state of charge of the vehicle will be made possible through additional secondary contact surfaces and terminals. The primary transfer means may also be provided in the vehicle, and the secondary transfer means may be provided on the road surface of the parking lot.

In a further embodiment, current transfer is realized via the contact system from the secondary device to the primary device.

Above all, cars, trucks, motorcycles, buses, shuttles or drones mean the term "vehicle".

Claims (17)

A contact system (1; 26; 33; 36; 38) for establishing an electrical connection between a primary device and a secondary device in which at least two terminals (15a, 15b, 43a, 43b)
A primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) having a plurality of primary contact surfaces (3; 29) arranged in a structured manner and electrically isolated from each other, each primary contact surface (3; 29 (2; 6; 27; 39) connected to at least one terminal (15a, 15b) of the primary device via a respective switch (14)
A secondary transfer element (9; 28; 34; 37; 40) having a plurality of secondary contact surfaces (10; 10a; 10b; 32a; 32b; 32c; 35a; 35b; 42a; 42b) , Each terminal (43a; 43b) of the secondary device being electrically connected to at least one secondary contact surface (10; 10a; 10b; 32a; 32b; 32c; 35a; 35b; 42a; 42b) Characterized in that the primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) is formed for contacting the secondary transfer element (9; 28; The secondary contact surfaces 10,10a; 10b; 32a; 32b; 32c; 35a; 35b; 42a; 42b) Said secondary transfer element (9; 28; 34; 37; 40) contacting at least part of said primary contact surface (2; 6; 27; 39)
32a; 32b; 32c) when the primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) and the secondary transfer element (9; 28; 29, designed to contact primary contact surfaces (3; 29) in contact with the contact surfaces (35; 35a; 35b; 42a; 42b) (15a, 15b) of the primary device and the secondary terminals (15a, 15b) of the secondary device through the secondary contact surfaces (10; 10a; 10b; 32a; 32b; 32c; 35a; 35b; And control means designed to establish an electrical connection between the individual terminals 43a, 43b,
Wherein a plurality of primary PE contact surfaces (4; 7; 30) are formed on the primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) (27; 39) between the primary contact surfaces (3; 29) in a structured manner electrically isolated from the primary transfer surfaces (3; 29)
Wherein at least one secondary PE contact surface (11; 31a, 31b; 41) is formed on said secondary transfer element (9; 28; 34; 37; 49) Is electrically insulated from the surfaces 10 (10a; 10b; 32a; 32b; 32c; 35a; 35b; 42a; 42b)
Characterized in that the contact system has a positioning means which, during contact with the secondary transfer element (9; 28; 34; 37; 40) of the primary transfer element (2; Wherein the secondary transfer element (9; 28; 34; 37; 40) and the primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) are aligned with respect to one another such that the at least one secondary PE contact surface , 31b (41) are brought into contact with at least one primary PE contact surface (4; 7; 30). 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein when the primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) and the secondary transfer element (9; 28; Characterized in that it is constructed between said primary device and said secondary device via a primary PE contact surface (4; 7; 30) and said at least one secondary PE contact surface (11; 31a, 31b; 41) (1; 26; 33; 36; 38). The method of claim 2 wherein said primary PE contact surfaces (4; 7; 30) are permanently connected to ground potential (18) or said at least one secondary PE contact surface (11; 31a, 31b; 41) Is permanently connected to the ground potential (18). ≪ Desc / Clms Page number 13 > 4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the positioning means is formed by a magnetic coupling element, the magnetic coupling element has at least one first part and at least one second part, Characterized in that one part is formed in the primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) and the at least one second part is formed in the secondary transfer element (9; 28; (1; 26; 33; 36; 38). 5. The method of claim 4, wherein at least one first portion of the magnetic coupling element is formed by an electromagnet (12; 44) or a permanent magnet, the at least one second portion comprises a ferromagnetic element (5; 45) ; 44) or a permanent magnet, or at least one first part of the magnetic coupling element is formed by a ferromagnetic element (5; 45) and the at least one second part is formed by an electromagnet (12; 44) or (1; 26; 33; 36; 38). ≪ / RTI > Method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a first part of the at least one magnetic coupling element is formed at each primary PE contact surface (4; 7; 30) and a second part is formed at the at least one secondary PE Is formed at the contact surface (11; 31a, 31b; 41). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said primary transfer element has a primary surface, said secondary transfer element has a secondary surface, and said positioning means comprises a first spatial structure And a second spatial structure of the secondary surface. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the first spatial structure of the primary surface represents a negative form of the spatial structure of the secondary surface. 4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the positioning means is formed by a displacement unit, the displacement unit acting on the primary transfer element and / or the secondary transfer element, The at least one sensor being formed in the secondary transfer element and / or in the primary transfer element, the primary transfer element being configured to contact the secondary transfer element, Wherein the at least one sensor detects a relative position between the primary transfer element and the secondary transfer element during contact with the secondary transfer element and the displacement unit is configured such that the at least one secondary PE contact surface has at least one And is operable in accordance with the detected relative position so as to be in contact with the primary PE contact surface. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) is formed on the road surface of a parking lot, an intersection area or a garage, (1; 26; 33; 36; 38). A device according to any of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the secondary transfer element (9; 28; 34; 37; 40) is formed to descend and ascend on a vehicle, Is formed by the charging circuit (21) of the vehicle. 2. A contact system (1; 26; 12. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the primary PE contact surfaces (4; 7; 30) and the at least one secondary PE contact surface (11; 31a, 31b; 41) Wherein the positioning means is configured to position the secondary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) in contact with the secondary transfer element (9; 28; 31, 41, 41) and the primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) are aligned with respect to one another so that the at least one secondary PE contact surface (11; 31a, 31b; 41) (1; 26; 33; 36; 38), wherein the at least one primary PE contact surface (4; 13. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that the primary contact surfaces (3; 29) of the primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) Wherein the at least one secondary PE contact surface (11; 31a, 31b; 41) is located opposite the contact surfaces (10; 10a; 10b; 32a; 32b; 32c; 35a; 35b; 42a; 42b) Each secondary contact surface 10,10a; 10b; 32a; 32b; 32c; 35a; 35b; 42a; 42b), when in contact with a primary PE contact surface (4; 7; 30) (1; 26; 33; 36; 38), characterized in that it completely covers the primary contact surfaces (3; 29). A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the positioning means comprise means for contacting the primary transfer element (2; 6; 27; 39) with the secondary transfer element (9; 28; 34; 37; 40) Characterized in that the secondary transfer element (9; 28; 34; 37; 40) is tilted and / or translationally aligned with respect to the primary transfer element (2; , A contact system (1; 26; 33; 36; 38). The method of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the at least one secondary PE contact surface (31a, 31b; 41) comprises the secondary contact surfaces (32a; 32b; 32c; 35a; 35b; 42a; 42b) Characterized in that said at least one secondary PE contact surface (31a, 31b; 41) is formed in a ring-shaped configuration, in particular surrounding said secondary transfer element (28; 34; 37; 40) , A contact system (26; 33; 36; 38). The method of any of claims 1 to 15, wherein an AC voltage is applied to at least two terminals (15a; 15b) of the primary device and / or at least two terminals (43a; 43b) of the secondary device (1; 26; 33; 36; 38). 16. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that at least one terminal of the secondary device and one terminal of the primary device are formed so as to exchange data between the primary device and the secondary device , The contact system (26).

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