KR20130123276A - Method for treating wastewater and composting of organic wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for treating wastewater and composting organic wastes, more specifically, to a method for composting solid organic materials. The method includes a pre-treatment step for sending dewatered cake to a composting process and sending wastewater to a wastewater treatment process, a wastewater treatment process for sending dewatered cake to a composting process, sterilizing and filtering tub-overflow water and dewatered filtrate after an aerobic biological treatment, and discharging the tub-overflow water and dewatered filtrate, and a composting step for selecting foreign materials from the fermented and aged compost, and packing molded compost. [Reference numerals] (AA) Organic waste;(B1) Pulverizing and foreign material dividing process;(B10) Fermenting쨌agign process;(B11) Foreign material separating process;(B12) Molding process;(B13) Package process;(B2) Storage tanke;(B3) First reaction process;(B4) First dehydration process;(B5) Second reaction 쨌neutralization쨌cohesion쨌precipitation쨌second dehydration process;(B6) Sump;(B7) Aerotropic biological treatment process;(B8) Sterilization쨌filtering process;(B9) Mixing process;(C1) Surplus sludge;(C2) Leachate;(C3) Dehydration filtrate liquid;(C4,D10) Dehydration cake;(D1) fly ash;(D11) Swelling agent;(D12) Soil conditioner;(D2) Iron compound;(D3) Material having big volume of;(D4) Kinds of coal;(D5) Lime;(D6) Coagulant;(D7) Magnesium salt;(D8) Dead burning dolomite;(D9) Counteractive;(EE) Treated water (discharge);(FF) Compost product

Description

Method for treating wastewater and composting of organic wastes}

The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment and composting method of organic waste, and more particularly, food waste, slaughterhouse waste, livestock manure, manure, organic waste discharged from food manufacturing plants, organic waste discharged from agricultural and marine processing plants Wastewater, which is a dehydrated filtrate by dehydrating organic waste with high water content and concentration of organic matter, such as waste, landfill leachate, sewage sludge, and organic waste discharged from general industrial plants Organic matter relates to the composting method.

In general, livestock wastes, manure, organic wastes from food processing plants, organic wastes from agricultural and aquatic product processing, slaughterhouse wastes, leachate from landfills, organic wastes from general industrial plants, sewage and wastewater biology Dehydration of organic waste with high water content and concentration of organic matter, such as dehydration cake of surplus sludge, septic tank sludge and slaughterhouse waste, dehydrates the dehydrated cake, and dehydration filtrate has high organic matter concentration, so there is no reasonable treatment method The part is in the situation of dumping at sea, and there is a serious problem causing pollution of the sea area. Thus, when the organic waste is not dehydrated and the composting agent is added to the moisture control agent, there is a problem in that the amount of the moisture control agent is high and the composting cost is high, thereby making it economical.

In Patent Document 1, organic enzymes using aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus microorganisms having high activity of degrading enzymes on starch, fat, protein, and cellulose, which are able to grow even at high temperature and have excellent composting and deodorizing ability A method for composting wastes is proposed, and Patent Document 2 discloses a high degree of biodegradable enzyme activity against starch, fat, protein, and cellulose, and is capable of growing even at high temperature, and shows excellent composting and deodorizing ability. ) And the method of composting organic wastes using Thermomomonospora fusca microbial preparations, but when organic wastes are composted using microbial fungicides, It has the same effect as shortening fermentation period, but No more than the prior art do not improve the quality.

Patent Document 3 discloses a device for fermentation using soil microorganisms while stirring and mixing a mixture of livestock manure and sewage sludge under heating with hot air, and a fermentation compost manufacturing method using the same, but organic waste in a short time due to hot air heating. Fermentation has a problem that can not produce a good compost.

Patent Document 4 proposes a method for producing compost by decomposing organic wastes by mixing bacillus (Bacillus sp.THU-H0024 strain) with organic wastes, decomposing organic wastes while keeping them at a temperature of 37 to 75 ° C. However, it is possible to shorten the composting period (fermentation and maturation period) by keeping warm, but it is not possible to produce high quality compost because short-term fermentation does not contain much useful substances for plant growth due to the high energy cost for keeping warm. there is a problem.

Patent Document 5 discloses a method for composting while suppressing odor by mixing composting accelerators in which strain TJ1 or strain TJ3 is mixed with organic waste such as livestock waste and food processing residue, but using special microorganisms as fungicides. Other than that, it is only a conventional composting technology.

Patent Document 6 discloses a method of composting organic wastes, which are supplied with air, by discharging two or more vessels (Vessel) to the upper end of the rear inlet, but only an improved method of supplying air. Not in the prior art.

In the non-patent document 1, the technique disclosed in the non-patent document 6 is just a technique that presents characteristics, current conditions, policy directions, and the like, which are known in the composting of organic waste.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1098520, Microbial preparation for composting organic wastes using an anniurivacillus thermoaerophilus strain and preparation method thereof and composting method of organic wastes using the same, December 19, 2011 Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1057475, Microbial preparation for the composting of organic waste and its manufacturing method and composting method of organic waste using the same, August 10, 2011 Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1029764, Apparatus for fermenting livestock manure and sewage sludge using soil microorganisms and fermentation compost manufacturing method using the same, April 11, 2011 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-23994, Methods for Decomposing Microorganisms Degrading Organic Waste, Methods for Decomposing Organic Waste, and Manufacturing Compost (有 廢棄物 分解 微 用 微 示 微微 物 、 有機 廢棄物 の 分解 方法 お よ び 堆肥 の 製造 方法) , 09 Feb 2012 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2011-65, A strain for promoting composting of animal wastes and organic wastes, and a composting accelerator using the strains.促進 劑), January 6, 2011 United States Patent 2005/0183483, Composting of organic waste, Aug. 25, 2005

 Park, Jong-Boo, Composting Technology of Organic Wastes, Korean Society of Organic Waste Resources, 2003 Joint Symposium and Conference Paper Presentation, 2003.11, pp. 6-143  Lee, Geun, Problems and Countermeasures of Composting Organic Wastes, Problems and Countermeasures of Organic Waste Fertilizer Symposium, 1995 pp. 46 ~ 69  Fujiwara Surokuroku, Establishment of Regional Recycling System by Composting Organic Wastes, Japan Soil Fertilizers Magazine V.), Vol. 78, No. 5, pp. 6-41. 427-430, 2007  Amino Minoru and Otani Tadashi, a basic study on the mixed composting of organic wastes, especially food wastes. Tsushima, Tokyo Agricultural University Agricultural Journal, Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 265-269, 2002  S.P. Gautam P.S. Bundela A.K. Pandey M.K.AwasthiS. Sarsaiya, Composting of Municipal Solid Waste of Jabalpur City, Global Journal of Environmental Research 4 (1): 43-46, 2010  Schuchardt F, Composting of plant residues and waste plant materials, Biotechnology (Rehm HJ, Reed G, eds.) Vol. 11c: Environmental Processes III, pp. 101-125, Weinheim 2000: Wiley-VCH

The present invention is food waste, livestock manure, slaughterhouse waste, manure, organic waste discharged from food manufacturing plants, organic waste discharged from agricultural and fishery processing plants, sewage treatment sludge, landfill leachate, general industrial plants SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ with Pozzolan activity in organic wastes with high water content and high concentration of organic matters, such as organic wastes discharged SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ contained in fly ash by supplying fly ash, iron compound and soft burned dolomite or lime from the thermal power plant Primary dehydration is carried out by primary reaction of primary component of salt, nitrogen, phosphorus, liquid organic matter with calcium component (CaO) contained in components and light dolomite or lime, or nitrogen in primary dehydration filtrate. When the concentration of nutrients such as wine is high, secondary reaction is performed with a substance having a high cation exchange value, carbons and lime, and then secondary dehydration treatment to treat wastewater as a dewatered filtrate. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for composting solids, which are dehydrated cakes.

The present invention is a wastewater treatment method and a composting method of organic waste having a high water content and a high concentration of organic matter,

Fly ash, iron compound and soft burned dolomite or lime are supplied to the organic waste having high moisture content and high concentration of organic matter, so that the pozzolanic reaction occurs. After the adsorption, the dehydration cake is sent to the composting process by the first dehydration treatment, and the wastewater, which is a dehydration filtrate, is sent to the wastewater treatment process.

When the wastewater, which is the dehydration filtrate, has a high concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter, a substance having a high cation exchange value, carbonic acid, and lime are injected to adsorb nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter, or an insoluble substance in water. After the conversion, the dehydration cake is sent to the composting process by sequentially neutralizing, flocculating, sedimentation, and secondary dehydration, and the wastewater treatment step of discharging the first settling tank overflowed water and dewatered filtrate after sterilization and filtration after aerobic biological treatment. Wow,

The dehydration cake of the first dehydration treatment and the second dehydration treatment is supplied to the admixture in the composting process, mixed with the swelling agent and the soil improving agent, and then sent to the fermentation and maturation process to separate and form the compost fermented and matured. It is characterized by the composting step of packaging the compost to make compost.

The present invention uses fly ash, iron compounds and soft burned dolomite or lime discharged from thermal power plants to mix and react organic waste having high water content and concentration of organic matter, and then dehydration. When the dewatered filtrate has low pollution load, it can be easily biologically treated.The dehydrated dehydrated cake contains high amounts of silica, magnesium and other useful minerals for plant growth. There is an effect that can be prepared.

1 is a wastewater treatment and composting process diagram of organic waste
2 is a composting process diagram of organic waste
3 is a wastewater treatment process diagram

The present invention is food waste, livestock manure, manure, slaughterhouse waste, organic waste discharged from food manufacturing plants, organic waste discharged from agricultural and marine processing plants, sewage treatment sludge, landfill leachate, general industrial plants We present a method of dehydrating organic wastes with high water content and concentration of organic matter, such as organic wastes, to treat wastewater in the liquid wastewater, which is a dehydration filtrate, and composting solid materials, which are dehydrated cakes.

In the case of composting organic waste having high moisture content and organic matter concentration, consumption of swelling agent (moisture control agent) is high, and economical efficiency is low. To date, such high concentrations of organic wastewater are currently being dumped at sea. As a result, international agreements have been made to prohibit sea waste from dumping organic wastes by causing pollution in the sea area. Therefore, a reasonable method for treating organic wastes with high moisture content and high concentrations of organic matters has to be devised. As a method for this, biogas (Biogas, CH ₄ -gas) by methane fermentation has been proposed to produce electric power.However, in case of high temperature methane fermentation, anaerobic fermentation tanks are used in winter. In order to raise the temperature, the generated methane gas (CH ₄ -gas) is insufficient only in the situation, and in the fermentation of methane, organic nitrogen compounds such as proteins, amino acids and uric acid are converted into ammonia nitrogen There is a problem that the secondary aerobic biological treatment can not be performed without using dilution water to increase the pollution load of ammonia nitrogen while being converted.

Thus, in the present invention, fly ash containing ferrous minerals such as silica, magnesium, calcium, and calcium, which are useful for plant growth, in organic wastes having high water content and concentration of organic matter, iron compounds, and light burned dolomite Or the addition of lime to adsorb and react salts, nitrogen, phosphorus and liquid organics. The process of primary dehydration is carried out, and the wastewater of the dehydrated filtrate is treated with wastewater, and the dehydrated cake solids are composted. When described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows.

Ⅰ. Pretreatment stage

1. Crushing and foreign material selection process

Food waste, livestock manure, manure, organic waste from food manufacturing plants, organic waste from agricultural and fishery processing plants, slaughterhouse waste, landfill leachate, sewage treatment sludge or organic waste from general industrial plants If more than one type of organic waste is introduced from the waste, it is sent to a storage tank if it does not contain foreign substances and large solid substances, and if it contains foreign matter and large solid substances, it is sent to the crushing and foreign substance sorting process to sort and remove the foreign substances. Then send it to the reservoir.

2. First Reaction Process

When the organic waste introduced into the reservoir, the surplus sludge from the wastewater treatment step and the leachate from the composting step are supplied to the primary reactor 1, fly ash, iron compounds, and fluorine are discharged from the thermal power plant. Supplying soft burned dolomite or lime and stirring with a primary reactor mixer (2) adsorbs liquid organics, urea nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, phosphoric acid and salts contained in organic wastes. (吸着) or reaction (전환) to convert to insoluble solids in water is sent to the primary dehydration process.

The amount of fly ash and light dolomite or lime added to the organic waste should be determined according to the organic matter content in the organic waste and the pH of the organic waste after the reaction by adding fly ash and light dolomite or lime to the organic waste. 40 to 50 wt% is added, wherein fly ash and light dolomite or lime are added to the organic waste, and the fly ash and light dolomite or lime are added to the pH after the reaction in a range of 9.0 to 9.5. If the pH is more than 9.5, microbial activity is difficult in the fermentation and maturation tank (8) of the composting step may not be a smooth fermentation and maturation.

The addition amount of light dolomite or lime should be determined according to the content of calcium oxide (CaO) contained in fly ash, and the content of calcium oxide in the range of 10-15 wt% when one kind of light dolomite or lime is mixed in fly ash is used. It is added on the basis of mixing.

Considering the case where fly ash having a calcium oxide content of 2wt% and light bovine dolomite having a calcium oxide content of 55wt% are mixed with pig flour having an organic matter content of 8wt%, fly ash 2.5 to 3.0 weight parts And 0.5 to 1.0 parts by weight of minor dolomite or lime are added.

The iron compound may be a divalent iron salt, a trivalent iron salt, a tetravalent or trivalent iron salt obtained by dissolving _tetravalent iron oxide (Fe ₃ O ₄ ) or a magnetite powder in an acid, an iron complex compound, polyferric sulphate, amorphous An iron compound, a crystalline iron oxide, or a crystalline iron hydroxide in which one or two or more kinds of iron compounds are used.

The iron compound acts as a flocculant in the present reaction process, while polyphenols such as corrosive substances, tannin, and lignin eluted from organic wastes in the composting process, and organic acids. ) Such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and the like as a crosslinking material to cause chemical reactions such as polymerization and condensation, and to promote the growth of aerobic microorganisms It promotes decomposition to promote the progress of corrosion while generating heat.

When the oxygen concentration is low, the iron oxide releases oxygen and is reduced to divalent iron by the catalytic action of an enzyme produced by a part of the microorganism. The released oxygen is used for aerobic microbial growth, and the reduced ferric ions (reducing iron ions) react with odorous substances of sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide or methyl mercaptan. It also has the effect of suppressing the occurrence of odor. In addition, divalent iron is stabilized by forming a complex with a volatile fatty acid or the like, or inactivated by reacting with a sulfur compound to become a solid substance.

The ratio of adding the iron compound to the organic waste is preferably determined in consideration of the type of the iron compound, the contamination load of the organic waste, and the dehydration cake in the composting process in consideration of deodorization and economic efficiency. In this case, 0.1 to 2 parts by weight is added to 100 parts by weight of organic waste.

Fly ash emitted from thermal power plants, iron smelters, or incinerators contains large amounts of silica (SiO ₂ ) and alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) as shown in Table 2, like volcanic ash soil. As an amorphous silicate mineral, it has the excellent efficiency of adsorbing phosphoric acid, urea nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and water-soluble organics in water. Therefore, even if only the organic waste and fly ash are mixed, Phosphoric acid, urea nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and water-soluble organic substances are absorbed in considerable amounts.

In addition, when the fly ash and light dolomite or lime are mixed with the organic waste, a mechanism of converting a water-soluble organic substance, a liquid substance such as unsaturated fatty acid, ammonia nitrogen, and phosphoric acid into an insoluble substance in water is considered. Is as follows.

The fly ash contains a large amount of pozzolanic materials such as activated SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O _3, and the pozzolanic materials undergo a pozzolanic reaction with lime components (CaO, Ca (OH) ₂ ). Calcium silicate hydrates (3CaO · 2SiO ₂ · 3H ₂ O) and calcium aluminate hydrates (Calcium aluminate hydrates (3CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ · 6H ₂ O) are produced and solidify. Water-soluble organics, liquid organics, nitrogen compounds, phosphorus compounds and salts are adsorbed or reacted to convert insoluble solids into water.

_{6CaO + 2SiO 2 + 6H 2 O} → 3CaO · 2SiO 2 · 3H 2 O + 3Ca (OH) 2 ... ... ... ... (One)

_{4CaO + 2SiO 2 + 4H 2 O} → 3CaO · 2SiO 2 · 3H 2 O + Ca (OH) 2 ... ... ... ... (2)

_{3CaO + Al 2 O 3 + 6H} 2 O → 3CaO · Al 2 O 3 · 6H 2 O ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (3)

Unsaturated fatty acids and amino acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, palmitoleic acid and amino acids, which are liquid substances at room temperature acid) reacts with Ca (OH) ₂ to treat calcium salts that are insoluble in water.

2R-COOH (unsaturated fatty acid) + Ca (OH) ₂ → (R-COO) ₂ Ca ↓ + 2H ₂ O ... ... (4)

R is a gas of unsaturated fatty acid or amino acid.

Phosphoric acid also reacts with calcium and is treated with phosphate, which is insoluble in water.

Ca (OH) ₂ + H ₃ PO ₄ ? CaHPO ₄ ↓ + 2H ₂ O ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (5)

Chlorine compounds, which inhibit the growth of microorganisms in aerobic biological treatment of wastewater, are characterized by a reduction in the concentration of chlorine ions (Cl ⁻ ) in water by solidifying with Friedel's salt.

3CaOAl ₂ O ₃ ^{+ 2Cl - + Ca (OH)} 2 → 3CaO · Al 2 O 3 · CaCl 2 ↓ + 2OH - ... ... ... (6)

In addition, CaCl ₂ in Friedel's salt has a very good adsorption capacity of ammonia nitrogen component and thus removes ammonia nitrogen component in water.

CaCl ₂ + 8NH ₃ → CaCl ₂ · 8NH ₃ ↓ ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (7)

The primary reactor 1 is shown horizontally in FIG. 2, but may also be a vertical reactor, and the primary reactor mixer 2 is also shown in FIG. 2 as a ribbon type mixer, but with a pitch Pitched paddle type mixers may also be used. The rotational speed of the primary reactor mixer 2 is set to 8 to 18 rpm, and the capacity of the primary reactor 1 is designed so that the reaction time is 40 to 60 minutes, but may be designed to be 60 minutes or more.

3. Primary dewatering process

Liquid organic matter contained in the organic waste and fly ash, iron compounds, and small dolomite or lime contained in silica (SiO ₂ ), alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), calcium (CaO) and the like to react as water insoluble solids The reacted organic wastes are sent to the first dehydration process and subjected to the first dehydration treatment, and the wastewater, which is the first dehydration filtrate, is sent to the wastewater treatment stage, and the dehydrated cake is sent to the composting stage.

For organic wastes with high concentrations of nitrogen compounds and phosphorus compounds, such as phosphorus manure and livestock manure, wastewater, which is the primary dehydration filtrate when nitrogen and phosphorus compounds are not completely removed in the first reaction process, is a secondary reaction process. To the nitrogen compound adsorption reaction tank 20, and nitrogen and phosphorus compounds are sent to the wastewater aerobic biological treatment process collection tank 31, which is a primary dewatering filtrate which is not a problem in aerobic biological treatment.

The dehydrator of the primary dehydration process is a centrifugal dehydrator, screw press, vacuum dehydrator, belt press, vibrating screen, or rotatable trommel screen. screen, one type can be selected and used. Among them, it is preferable to use a screw press, but the type of dehydrator of the primary dehydration process in the present invention is not particularly limited.

Next, 3 kg of fly ash discharged from the thermal power plant having the composition shown in Table 2, 200 g of ferrous sulfate and 1 kg of light dolomite were added to 100 kg of pigs with the concentration of pollutants as shown in Table 1, followed by 18 rpm for 1 hour. The reaction was carried out while stirring at a stirring speed. The pH was 9.2 after the stirring reaction, and the results of analyzing the concentration of contaminants in the dehydrated filtrate, which were vacuum filtered, were as shown in Table 3 below.

Contaminant Concentrations of Pig Ground SS (mg / l) COD _Mn (mg / l) BOD ₅ (mg / L) T-N (mg / l) T-P (mg / l) 80,250 99,820 24,020 6,830 2,720

Chemical Analysis of Fly Ash and Small Dolomite division Chemical composition (wt%) SiO ₂ Al ₂ O ₃ Fe ₂ O ₃ CaO MgO Others (including ignition loss) Fly ash 66.60 23.02 1.92 2.02 0.87 5.57 Gyeongso Dolomite 0.21 0.22 0.32 55.01 38.44 5.80

Contaminant Concentration in the Dehydrated Filtrate Dehydrated the Reagent of Example 1 SS (mg / l) COD _Mn (mg / l) BOD ₅ (mg / L) T-N (mg / l) T-P (mg / l) 42 3,223 1,556 270 30

As shown in Table 3 above, when the fly ash, ferrous sulfate, and light dolomite are added to the organic waste of the present invention and agitated, a considerable amount of organic pollutants are removed. It can be seen that there is no rational treatment method, so that the disposal of ocean dumping is processed up to the concentration that can be easily processed by aerobic biological treatment.

In addition, since the primary dehydrated cake contains minerals such as silica (Si), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca), which are useful for plant growth, high quality compost can be produced.

Ⅱ. Wastewater Treatment Step

Wastewater with high pollution loads of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic substances in the wastewater, which is the first dehydration filtrate dehydrated in the first dehydration treatment step of the pretreatment step, is sent to the nitrogen compound adsorption reaction tank 20 of the second reaction step, and the pollution load is The low case is sent to a sump 31 of aerobic biological treatment.

1. Nitrogen compound adsorption reaction process

In the aerobic biological treatment, ammonia nitrogen is oxidized to nitrite nitrogen or nitrate nitrogen in aerobic biological treatment due to high pollution load of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic materials in the wastewater which is the first dehydration filtrate in the first dehydration treatment step of the pretreatment step. Wastewater that does not occur smoothly due to nitrification and aerobic biological treatment is sent to the nitrogen compound adsorption reaction tank 20 of the secondary reaction process.

In the secondary reaction process, the reaction of adsorbing nitrogen and organic materials in the nitrogen compound reaction tank 20 and the reaction of treating phosphorus and organic materials as insoluble materials in water in the lime reaction tank 22 are treated.

When the wastewater, which is the first dehydration filtrate dehydrated in the first dehydration step of the pretreatment step, is supplied to the nitrogen compound adsorption reaction tank 20, the cation exchange having excellent adsorption power of ammonia nitrogen while stirring with the nitrogen compound adsorption reaction agitator 21 is provided. By supplying a large volume of material and a kind of carbon, adsorption reaction of ammonia nitrogen and water-soluble organics is then sent to the lime reactor 22.

The concentration of nitrogen compounds and phosphorus compounds, such as manure and livestock manure, in the organic wastes is too high, the first reaction is added to the fly ash, iron compounds and light dolomite or lime and then the nitrogen concentration in the dehydration filtrate of the first dehydration process Is not treated at less than 250 mg / l, and aerobic biological treatment causes ammonia nitrogen to be oxidized to nitrite or nitrate nitrogen, making it difficult to treat without dilution water. One or a mixture of two or more kinds of materials having a high CEC value or carbon is added and reacted with stirring to adsorb nitrogen compounds.

Materials with a large value of cation-exchange capacity include artificial zeolites, clinoptilolites, mordenite, and soda zeolite (Natrolite, manufactured from coal ash and incineration ash). Sodalite, Helandite, Mesolite, Analcim, Ferrierite, Cabarzite Chiavennite Erionite, Laumontite, Phillipsite, Levynite, and Stilbite Epistilbite, Wairakite, Garronite, Galtite, Gobbinsite, Harmotome, Natrolite Natrolite, olite) Terranovaite, Chernichite, Chotnerlai Natural zeolites such as Tschortnerite, Weinebeneite, Wellsite, Willhendersonite, Yugawaralite, Montmorillonite, Bentonite, One or a mixture of two or more of Vermiculite or Perlite may be used.

When the material having a large value of Cation-exchange capacity is used in the reactor, especially manure or livestock manure having high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and amine nitrogen (Amine nitrogen) When supplied to organic wastes such as cationic ammonia nitrogen compounds and amine nitrogen compounds, it is effective to reduce the pollutant load of waste water, and dehydrated cakes containing substances with high cation exchange capacity values may be composted. In order to improve the inefficiency by preventing the proliferation of ionic minerals such as nitrogen (K) and potassium (K) due to the increase of soil ion exchange capacity and rainwater, There is an effect, and also has the effect of improving the soil's retention power (保 肥力).

The ratio of adding a substance having a high cation exchange capacity value to an organic waste may include a cation exchange value of a substance having a large cation exchange capacity value, a concentration of ammonia nitrogen contained in the organic waste, a contaminant load of waste water as a dehydration filtrate, Dehydration cake is preferably determined in consideration of deodorization, compost inefficiency, economic efficiency, etc. in the composting process. Add 10 parts by weight.

Types of coal include charcoal, bamboo charcoal, activated carbon, paper sludge carbides in paper mills, activated carbon activated coal, and unstable combustion of fuel. One kind or a mixture of two or more kinds of carbon black or Wang Huntan produced can be used.

The type of carbon has a good porosity, such as absorbance, adsorptivity, water absorbency, water permeability, moisture retention, and far-infrared radiation. Due to its characteristics, it has been used in various fields such as wastewater treatment, deodorization, soil improver, and other industrial fields. In particular, activated carbon, activated carbon, charcoal, etc. are widely used for the absorption of liquid organic matter and adsorption of odorous substances in wastewater treatment. 'Terra Pretta', which means 'black Indian soil' in Indian cropland, is known to play an important role in charcoal, and carbon is currently used for soil improvement. Bio-char is widely used as a soil improving agent.

In the present invention, when one or two or more of the above types of coal is mixed and stirred with the organic waste, the odor is absorbed and adsorbed to a nitrogen component, a water-soluble organic substance, and a volatile odor generating substance to reduce the pollutant load of the wastewater. To reduce the incidence, the following effects can be expected when composting the dehydrated cake.

end. The porous structure improves water permeability and air permeability, softens the soil, moisturizes, and has excellent water absorption, thereby promoting the growth of plant roots.

I. Charcoal is a black black body and a substance that emits far infrared rays, so it absorbs the sun's heat well and has excellent heat retention.

All. In addition, because it is porous, good microorganisms that inhabit the soil are useful, so that the growth of plants by symbiosis in the roots of the plant (介 在) while intervening in the charcoal.

la. Bacteria that fix nitrogen in the air can grow in the fine pores of the char, resulting in nitrogen composting.

hemp. Two to three percent of the charcoal is a mineral component, which supplies minerals necessary for the growth of crops.

The ratio of adding the coal type to the organic waste is preferably determined in consideration of the contaminant load of the waste water, which is the dehydration filtrate of the organic waste, and the ineffectiveness and economic efficiency when composting the dehydrated cake. In general, in the case of livestock manure (swine manure), 2 to 10 parts by weight is added to 100 parts by weight of wastewater which is a dehydration filtrate of the first dehydration process.

The nitrogen compound adsorption reaction tank 20 has a residence time of 30 to 60 minutes based on the inflow wastewater flow rate, and the nitrogen compound adsorption reaction agitator 21 is a propeller type of stainless steel that is corrosion resistant. (Propeller type), the rotational speed is 180 to 360rpm, the stirring capacity is the ratio (Q / V) of the flow rate (Q) and the capacity (V) of the tank is 1.5 to 4 range.

2. Lime reaction process

After adsorbing the ammonia nitrogen and the water-soluble organic substance in the nitrogen compound adsorption reaction tank 20 and supplying it to the lime reaction tank 22, lime is supplied while stirring with the lime reaction tank stirrer 23 and not treated in the reaction step of the pretreatment step. The liquid organic matter and the phosphorus compound are reacted with lime and converted into calcium phosphate which is insoluble in water.

Higher fatty acid + calcium → higher fatty acid calcium salt (insoluble in water) ... ... ... (8)

3Ca (OH) ₂ + H ₃ PO ₄ → Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ ↓ + 6H ₂ O. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (9)

In particular, organic wastes such as food waste and food processing plant wastes contain higher fatty acids such as stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and palmitic acid. When the wastewater or waste liquid containing a large amount of such high fatty acid is supplied to the biological wastewater treatment process, the microbial floc is aggregated and a film is formed to metabolize the oxygen supply. It is necessary to remove it highly because there is a problem of inhibiting the activity to drastically reduce the treatment efficiency.

Although it is preferable to determine the ratio which adds the said lime in consideration of the contamination load and pH of wastewater, 0.1-2 weight part is generally added to 100 weight part of inflow wastewater.

The lime reaction tank 22 has a residence time of 30 to 60 minutes based on the inflow wastewater flow rate, and the lime reaction agitator 23 is a propeller type of stainless steel that is corrosion resistant. The rotational speed is 180 to 360 rpm, and the stirring capacity is a ratio (Q / V) of the flow rate Q and the tank capacity V in the range of 1.5 to 4.

3. Neutralization process

Wastewater transferred from the lime reaction tank 22 of the lime reaction process to the neutralization tank 24 becomes alkaline due to a high pH of 10-20 wt% sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) aqueous solution while stirring with a neutralization tank stirrer 25. It is injected to neutralize the pH in the range of 6.5 to 7.5 and sent to the coagulation tank 26 of the coagulation process.

The capacity of the neutralization tank 24 is 30-60 minutes based on the inflow of wastewater, and the neutralization agitator 25 is also a propeller type of stainless steel that is corrosion resistant. The rotational speed is 180 to 360 rpm, and the stirring capacity is a ratio (Q / V) of the flow rate Q and the tank capacity V in the range of 1.5 to 4.

4. Coagulation process

When the wastewater neutralized in the neutralization tank 24 is transferred to the coagulation tank 26, the coagulant is injected with 2 to 4 mg / l while stirring with the coagulation tank stirrer 27 to facilitate precipitation in the primary precipitation tank 28. The solids are aggregated in the form of flocs and then sent to the primary settling tank 28.

The flocculant uses one kind of cationic polymer coagulant among polyacrylamide series, polyamide series, or propanolamine epichlorohydrin condensate.

The capacity of the coagulation tank 26 is 30 to 60 minutes based on the inflow wastewater flow rate, and the coagulation tank stirrer 27 is a pitched paddle type of corrosion resistant stainless steel, and the rotation speed is 18. The stirring capacity is in the range of 1 to 3 (Q / V) of the flow rate Q and the tank capacity V.

5. Precipitation Process

When the wastewater coagulated in the coagulation tank 26 is supplied to the primary sedimentation tank 28, solids are precipitated to the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and the wastewater in which the sediment is precipitated is overflowed to the upper portion of the sedimentation tank to collect the aerobic biological treatment process tank. Send to 31. Sludge, which is a solid precipitated in the lower part of the sedimentation tank, is collected in the central cone portion of the lower part of the primary sedimentation tank 28 by the primary sedimentation tank rake 29, and the second dewatering is performed by the secondary dehydration process supply pump 30. Send to fair

The primary sedimentation tank 28 has a surface area of sludge with a surface area of 15-30 m 3 / m 2 and a solid load of 60 to 90 kg / m 2. The slope of the floor is 1.5 / 10 to 2/10 and the depth is 3 to 4 m. And the rotation speed of the primary sedimentation tank rake 29 shall be 0.01-0.05 rpm.

6. Second Dehydration Process

Sludge precipitated in the primary sedimentation tank 28 is supplied to the dehydrator of the secondary dehydration process by the second dehydration process supply pump 30, and the dehydrated filtrate is sent to the collection tank 31 of the aerobic biological treatment process. The dehydrated cake is sent to the composter 4 of the composting stage.

The dehydrator of the secondary dehydration process is a centrifugal dehydrator, a screw press, a vacuum dehydrator, a pre-coat vacuum filter, a filter press or a filter press. One type of dehydrator is used in the belt press.

In Example 1, 3 kg of artificial zeolite prepared in fly ash having a cation exchange value of 185 meq / 100 g and 2 kg of yazitan powder were added to 100 kg of the dewatered filtrate, which was dehydrated in the first dehydration process, and 360 rpm for 30 minutes. After reacting with stirring at a stirring speed of 1 kg, hydrated lime was added thereto, and reacted with stirring at a stirring speed of 360 rpm for 30 minutes, and then a 10% sulfuric acid solution was injected to neutralize the pH to 7.2 to polyacrylamide. The polymer coagulant was injected at 3 mg / l, and the concentration of the contaminant in the upper water after precipitation was shown in Table 4 below.

Result of measuring the contaminant concentration of the upper water after precipitation of the reactant of Example 2 SS (mg / l) COD _Mn (mg / l) BOD ₅ (mg / L) T-N (mg / l) T-P (mg / l) 52 1,288 625 82 15

As shown in Table 4, the contamination load of the wastewater, which is a dehydration filtrate of the reactants reacted by adding carbon, zeolite and lime to the reactants of Example 1, was 60% for COD _Mn and BOD ₅ values, and 70 for TN. %, TP was reduced by 50%, it can be seen that it can be easily processed when aerobic biological treatment.

And in Example 2, the dehydrated cake can produce a good compost because it contains a large amount of cation exchange capacity useful in plant growth and a cation exchange capacity value excellent in soil improvement effect.

6. Aerobic Biological Process

When the dewatering filtrate of the first dewatering process, the dewatering filtrate of the second dewatering process, and the wastewater flowing over the settling tank of the first settling tank are supplied to the collecting tank 31 of the aerobic biological treatment process, the aeration tank supply pump 32 ) To the aeration tank 33.

When ammonia nitrogen is coexisted with phosphate ions at 80 mg / l or more in the wastewater supplied to the sump 31, MgCl ₂ , MgSO ₄ Alternatively, when 100 to 300 mg / l of magnesium salts such as brine solution are supplied, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), in which part of ammonia nitrogen and phosphoric acid is insoluble in water, is formed and removed together with surplus sludge. Therefore, the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus can be improved more.

_{^{Mg 2 + + NH 4 + +}} PO 4 3 - + 6H 2 O → MgNH 4 PO 4 · 6H 2 O ↓ ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (10)

When the wastewater of the collecting tank 31 is supplied to the aeration tank 33, the aerobic biologically treated water is sent to the secondary settling tank 34 while aeration is supplied by supplying air from the blower 40 to precipitate solids. Overflowing aerobic biological treatment water is sent to aerobic biological treatment tank.

Solids (microbial cells) precipitated in the secondary sedimentation tank 34 are collected by the secondary sedimentation tank rake 35 to the central cone portion of the lower portion of the secondary sedimentation tank 34, and the active corrosion is caused by the return pump 36. While returning to the microorganism activation tank 37 and the aeration tank 33 in which the bioreactor 38 filled with the active humic substance pellet and the filler 39 of the mineral containing the active mineral component was filled. The surplus sludge, which is discharged, is sent to a reservoir in the pretreatment stage.

When overflowing the second settling tank 34 of the aerobic biological treatment process is treated within the discharge standard value, or when it is treated in connection with a nearby sewage treatment facility, it is sent to the final treatment tank or discharged. Send to sewage treatment facility.

When sludge as solid matter (microbial cells) precipitated in the secondary settling tank 34 by the transfer pump 36 is supplied to the microorganism activating tank 37, air is blown from the blower 40 and the microorganism activating tank 37 And air from the blower 40 to the lower part of the bioreactor 38 filled with the minerals containing active minerals and the fillers 39 of the active corrosive pellets, and the air and the return sludge together form the fillers of the bioreactor 38. (39) The layer is air-lifted (Air lifting) is supplied with minerals.

When the mineral components are sufficiently supplied from the microorganism activator 37, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus luteus, Aspergillus niger, Polyphenol compounds, such as actinomycetes, are excreted as metabolites and corrosive precursors or corrosive substances in which liquid organic substances are insoluble in water by the corrosive reactions. Corrosive microorganisms converting to) and microorganisms in symbiotic relationship with these microorganisms are activated, and when this is sent to aeration tank 33, the entire aerobic biological wastewater treatment system is corroded microorganisms and microorganisms in symbiotic relationship with these microorganisms. Aerobic biological treatment by the corrosion reaction.

Microorganisms that produce corrosive substances by corrosive organic substances have a high mineral content in the cytoplasm or cell wall, and these microorganisms have active mineral metabolism when ingested enough minerals are present in minerals in water. A bioreactor 38 filled with an active corrosive material and a mineral containing a large amount of active minerals that can easily elute was installed in the microorganism activation tank 37 so that sufficient mineral components could be supplied to the microorganisms.

Filling the bioreactor 38 installed in the microorganism activation tank 37 with the active corrosive material pellets and minerals containing mineral components, the amount of active corrosive material pellets per 10 m 3 / day of the wastewater supplied to the aeration tank 33 10-10 kg of minerals containing an active mineral component are charged.

Minerals containing a large amount of active minerals that can easily supply minerals to microorganisms are made from one of rhyolite or diactic Pumice, Pegmatite, or Perlite. do.

The active corrosive pellets are processed into pellets by mixing with marine diatoms and marine plants, and mixing them with caking additives such as bentonite and humic soils with high Fulvic acid content. Purchase and use commercial products.

The amount of air supplied from the blower 40 to the aeration tank 33 and the microorganism activation tank 37 is maintained at a dissolved oxygen concentration of 2 to 4 mg / l in the aeration tank 33 and the microorganism activation tank 37. The air supplied to the lower portion of the bioreactor 38 is controlled to have an aeration intensity of 1.5 to 3.5 Nm 3 -Air / m 2 · hour. The discharge pressure of the blower 40 is determined in consideration of the static head according to the depth of the tank and the friction head according to the frictional loss of the pipe.

Wastewater treatment in the present invention is aerobic biological treatment by the corrosion reaction, ammonia (NH ₃ ), hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S), mercaptan (Indole), scarlet (Skatol), volatile amines Odor-generating substances such as non-volatile and insoluble in water are assimilated into corrosive precursors or corrosive substances, and odor generation is suppressed. As it is treated while being treated, it is characterized by high efficiency of wastewater treatment.

The capacity of the aeration tank 33 is determined by the following formula (11) in the F / M ratio (Food / Microorganism ratio) in the range of 0.05 to 0.4, and the depth is in the range of 2 to 6 m.

F / M = (BOD ₅ × Q) / (MLSS × V) [kg BOD / m 3 .day]. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (11)

Where BOD ₅ is the daily biological oxygen demand of the influent wastewater (mg / ℓ), V is the volume of the aeration tank (Volume, m3), MLSS is the concentration of mixed liquor suspended solids (mg / ℓ), Q Is the flow rate of the influent wastewater (m 3 / day).

The surface area of the secondary sedimentation tank 34 is a surface area with a margin in consideration of the overflow load of 8 to 25 (m 3 / m 2 · day) and the solid load of 60 to 90 (kg / m 2 · day). The depth is 3-6 m.

The flow rate returned from the secondary settling tank 34 to the aeration tank 33 and the microorganism activation tank 37 by the transfer pump 36 is 2,000-3,500 mg in the concentration of mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) in the aeration tank 33. It is determined by the following equation (12) to be in the / l range.

R = Qr / Q = (MLSS-SS) / (R-MLSS)... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (12)

Where R is the rate of return (%) returned from the secondary settling tank (34) to the aeration tank (33) and the microorganism activation tank (37), Qr is the rate of return (m 3 / day), and Q is the rate of inflow wastewater (mg / l ), MLSS is the mixed liquid suspended solids concentration (mg / l) in the aeration tank 33, SS is the suspended solids concentration (mg / l) contained in the inflow wastewater, R is the suspended solids concentration (mg / l).

The flow rate supplied to the microorganism activation tank 37 supplies 8-20% of the flow volume of the whole return sludge, and the capacity | capacitance of the microorganism activation tank 37 makes a residence time 0.5 to 2 days.

The amount of air supplied from the blower 40 to the aeration tank 33 and the microorganism activation tank 37 is supplied so that the dissolved oxygen concentration is maintained at 2 to 4 mg / l in the aeration tank 33, and the bioreactor ( 38) The amount of air to be supplied to the lower part shall have an aeration intensity of 1.5 to 3.5 Nm3-Air / m2. The discharge pressure of the blower 40 is determined in consideration of the static head according to the depth of the tank and the friction head according to the frictional loss of the pipe.

When the aerobic biological treatment water is treated within the discharge standard value or when combined with the sewage treatment, the aerobic biological treatment water is sent to the final treatment tank and discharged or sent to the sewage treatment plant.

When the aerobic biological treatment water is not treated within the discharge standard value, the second aerobic biological treatment similar to the aerobic biological treatment described above is performed.

7. Sterilization & Filtration Process

When the treated water treated in the aerobic biological treatment step is to be treated highly, it is subjected to oxidation and sterilization treatment and then discharged after filtration treatment.

The treated water in the aerobic biological treatment process injects oxidizing agents (H ₂ O ₂ , NaClO, O ₃ , ClO ₂ , Cl ₂ ) in the range of Oxidation-reduction potential of + 700 ~ + 1,100㎷ Sterilize while stirring with a stirrer for 30 to 60 minutes and send to filtration to remove solids in water and discharge.

The filter medium filled in the filter of the filtration process is filtered using a filter filled with activated carbon when the concentration of organic matter (BOD and COD) is higher than expected, and by using a filter filled with sand when only the solid matter is a problem. do.

1 liter of the supernatant treated in Example 2 was injected into a measuring cylinder, sludge of aerobic biological treatment in a sewage treatment plant was injected at a concentration of 3,500 mg / l, and 250 mg of MgSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O was added. When the aerobic biological treatment was performed while aeration for 12 hours after the addition, the treated water was analyzed as shown in Table 5 below.

Analytical Value of Aerobic Biologically Treated Water SS (mg / l) COD _Mn (mg / l) BOD ₅ (mg / L) T-N (mg / l) T-P (mg / l) 32 38 12 12 3.8

As shown in Table 5, it was confirmed that the livestock wastewater can be treated below the discharge standard without using dilution water.

Ⅲ. Composting Stage

1. Admixture Process

When the dewatered cake dehydrated in the first dehydration process and the dewatered cake dehydrated in the second dehydration process are supplied to the combustor (4) of the composting stage, the air is injected from the blower to the lower part of the mixer (4), and swelling. (Moisture control agent) is injected and supplied with a water content of 60 to 65 wt%, mixed by stirring with a mixer mixer (5), and then fermented and matured in the composting process by a fermentation and aging tank supply conveyor (7). Send to). At this time, if necessary, the swelling agent and soil improving agent are additionally infused and mixed, and then sent to the fermentation and maturation tank (7) of the composting process by the fermentation and maturation tank supply conveyor (6). .

The swelling agent (moisture control agent) is a sawdust, rice husk, rice straw, barley straw, straw, bark, leafy soil, coconut pit or peat (mixture) of one or more than one type is used, while having excellent water absorption Use C / N (Carbon / Nitrogen) ratio over 60.

In order to produce high quality compost, the soil improving agent is additionally added to the admixture 4 together with the swelling agent.

Used as the soil conditioner, Phyllite, Loess, Vermiculite, Illite, Kaolin, Zeolite, Pearlite, Bentonite, Bentonite ), Smectite, montmorillonite, magnetized magnetite powder, mineral powder generating minus ions, creek bottom soil or acid soil with a clay content of 25% or more. In the case where zeolites and coal types are not used in the second reaction step of the wastewater treatment step, zeolite and charcoal types are also used as soil modifiers in the mixing process. Can be used.

The soil improving agent is mixed with 10 to 40 parts by weight of one or two or more types of 100 parts by weight of the combined amount of moisture control agent and the dehydrated cake (organic waste) to be introduced.

C / N ratios of organic wastes are 8-12 for pigs, 8.4 for poultry meal and 9-20 for food waste, and too low C / N ratios cause NH ₃ gas to cause odor. While nitrogen is lost, on the other hand, when the C / N ratio is over 50 due to low nitrogen content, microbial activity is not smooth and the composting rate is slowed down and the temperature is lowered, so the C / N ratio is adjusted to 30 to 50.

The cation exchange capacity (CEC) value of the material having a large capacity for adsorption and storage of cations has a characteristic that improves the binding force (保 肥 potency).

2. Fermentation and ripening process

When the moisture control agent and the soil improving agent are injected into the dehydration cake discharged from the first dehydration step of the pretreatment step, and the mixed material in the blender 4 is supplied to the fermentation and maturation tank 7, firstly, the organic substance that is easily decomposed is CO _2. When the temperature rises to 60 ~ 70 ℃ by the heat of reaction while being decomposed into simple inorganic substances such as H ₂ O and NH ₃ , thermophilic bacteria grow, and various germs, pest eggs and weed seeds are killed. When decomposing organic matter disappears and the temperature drops, mesophilic bacteria are grown and fermented and matured to produce compost.

The most important part of the composting process is fermentation and maturation process by mesophilic soil microbes, and the mesophilic soil microorganisms acting here are livers such as Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus luteus. Polyphenolic compounds such as fungi, mucus bacteria such as Sorangium cellulosum, and fungi such as Aspergillus niger. Fusarium, a microorganism that excretes the corrosive microorganisms that excrete as 代謝 産物 and metabolites of physiologically active vitamins (Vitamins) such as Pseudomonas sp. microorganisms that excrete hormones (Hormons), growth promoters such as auxin, and microorganisms that excrete antibiotics, such as Actinomycete, mukor Growth of the plant by microorganisms in a symbiotic relationship with corrosive microorganisms such as fungi such as species, Penicillium sp. And Fusarium sp. Composts that contain a large amount of useful material must be produced to be of good quality.

Soil microorganisms as described above have a high mineral content in the cytoplasm or cell wall, and these microorganisms have active metabolic activity when sufficient mineral components are readily supplied. Bacteria-Mineral-Water system (BMW) has been widely used in the process using soil microorganisms.

The soil conditioner is a mineral supply, air permeability, water permeability to the soil microorganisms to soften the soil, while having moisture retention ((水性) and moisture retention It has excellent properties, such as promoting the growth of plant roots.

When the dehydration cake is mixed with the moisture control agent and the soil improving agent in the blender (4) and supplied to the fermentation and aging tank (7), the dehydration cake is inverted at 1 to 3 times / day with the fermentation and aging tank mixer (8) for 30 to 50 days. The mature compost fermented by aerobic fermentation is injected into the mature compost hopper 10 by shovel (Poclain: 9), and then sent to the foreign matter sorter (11) to remove the foreign matter. 12) 20 to 50% is returned based on the amount of dehydration cake, swelling agent (moisture control agent) and soil improving agent which are discharged from the primary dehydration process of the pretreatment step introduced into the fermentation and maturation tank (7). The remaining mature compost is sent to the mature compost storage facility by the mature compost transport conveyor 13, and then sent to the molding process to supply a binder (Binder) to form a spherical or pellet type and dried Send it to the packaging process Or, the finished compost is sent directly to the packaging process without molding, and then packaged into products.

The binder of the molding process is attapargite clay, bentonite clay, kaolin (Kaolin), colloidal silica (Silica sol), alumina sol and molding aid ( As resin, acrylic resin, styrene-acrylate resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, CMC (carboxyl methyl cellulose) resin, carboxymethyl sodium carboxymethyl Use one or two or more of cellulose resin or sodium alginate. The mixing amount of the binder is uniformly mixed with 10 parts by weight of attafargite clay and 5 parts by weight of CMC as a molding aid in a molding machine to form spherical or pellets. The molding machine uses one of the well-known screw uniaxial or biaxial extruder, a disk pelletizer using a roll pressure, or a press pelletizer. .

In the drying process of the compost formed into a spherical shape or pellets, the dryer uses one of a belt conveyor dryer, a rotary dryer, a drum dryer, and a band dryer. .

When the capacity of the dehydrated cake discharged from the first dehydration step of the pretreatment step is small, the ripe compost conveying conveyor 12 is omitted, and the ripe compost is used as a shovel (9) to the front of the fermentation and maturation tank (7). You can also return.

When the leachate discharged from the fermentation and aging tank (7) flows into the leachate storage tank (14), the leachate transfer pump (15) is returned to the high temperature part of the fermentation and maturation tank (7) for temperature control, and the remaining (surplus) leachate Is sent to a reservoir in the pretreatment stage.

The dehydration cake discharged from the first dehydration step of the pretreatment step is mixed with the swelling agent (moisture control agent) and the soil improving agent in the blender (4) and flows into the fermentation and maturation tank (7). Invert to 8) for simple protein, carbohydrate, etc., which are easily decomposed by aerobic microorganisms, such as CO ₂ , H ₂ O, NH _3. After 3-4 days of fermentation due to heat of reaction and decompose into inorganic materials such as Bacillus stearothermphilus, Bacillus thermoleovorans, Clostridium dermocelum (Clostridium thermocellum), Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum, Clostridium thermoaceticum, Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum, Lactobacillus thermophilus Thermophilic microorganisms, such as Lactobacillus thermphilus, Streptococcus thermphilus, and Streptomyces thermphilus, grow and grow as eggs and weeds of various bacteria and pests. Seeds, etc. are killed. At this time, if the temperature persists for more than 70 ° C for a long time, the mesophilic microorganisms are killed and the mesophilic fermentation tank in the fermentation and maturation tank (7) is not completed because the mesophilic fermentation (middle fermentation) does not proceed smoothly. The leachate discharged to 610 is sprayed on the high temperature part of the fermentation and maturation tank 7 by the leachate transfer pump 611 so that the temperature is maintained at 60 to 70 ° C, and the remaining leachate is sent to the storage tank of the pretreatment step.

In order for the fermentation and maturation to occur smoothly in the fermentation and maturation tank (7), a part of the mature compost is introduced into the seed microorganisms at the front end of the fermentation and maturation tank (7) by the maturing compost conveying conveyor (12) or shovel (9). It is necessary to return 20-50 wt% of the combined amount of the dewatering cake and the swelling agent discharged in the first dehydration step of the pretreatment step.

The fermentation and aging tank mixer 8 is a rotary type, a scoop type, a screw type, a crane type, a screw auger type, One can use either a self-propelled mixing type equipped with a Caterpillar or a bucket loader mixing type.

And fermentation and maturation in composting are mainly open and linear, as shown in Fig. 2, but an open-type fermentation apparatus other than the open and linear fermentation and maturation tank (7).裝置), open rotary fermentation device, open stirring fermentation device, open bell type fermentation device, open horizontal fermentation device Endless Scoop Type Fermentation System, Aeration Type Fermentation Fermenter, Rotary Kiln Type Sealed Lateral Fermentation System Fermentation may be carried out by using one type of fermentation equipment, either a closed type fermentation device or a closed type multiple type fermentation device. In the present invention, the form of the fermentation and aging tank 7 is not particularly limited. In the case of applying a closed type type fermentation device or an open type type type fermentation device, it is preferable to equip the high temperature fermentation part and the medium temperature fermentation part separately.

Considering the reaction mechanism (Mechanism) in which the dehydration cake discharged from the first and second dehydration process of the pretreatment step in the fermentation and maturation process is fermented to produce compost.

Organic matter-soil microorganisms (corrosive microorganisms) → polyphenolic compounds (metabolites) + CO ₂ + H ₂ O + Energy. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (13)

Polyphenolic compound + air (O ₂ )-oxidase → quinone compound + H ₂ O ₂ . ... (14)

Quinone compounds + hardly decomposable organic substances (lignin, cellulose, tannin, etc.) + volatile substances (NH ₃ , H ₂ S, mercaptans, dimethyl sulfide, etc.)-polycondensation reaction → corrosion precursor material. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (15)

Corrosive precursors + corrosive microorganisms and symbiotic microbes (Penicillium sp., Pseudomonas sp.… Etc.) → corrosive substances + vitamins as physiologically active substances + hormones as growth promoters + antibiotics (composting compost)… ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (16)

Water content, such as food waste, livestock manure, manure, slaughterhouse waste, organic waste from food manufacturing plants, organic waste from agricultural and marine processing plants, sludge from sewage treatment, and organic waste from general industrial plants Organic wastes with high concentrations of organic matter are dehydrated, and dehydrated cakes are composted. Wastewater, which is a dehydrated filtrate, has a high load of pollutants. By banning dumping at sea under international conventions, there is a need for a rational treatment plan for high-concentration organic wastewater with high pollution load.

The present invention contaminates loads of organic materials using soft burned dolomite or lime discharged from fly ash and cement factories, which discharge organic waste having high water content and concentration of organic matter from thermal power plants. Low-waste wastewater can be treated first and then aerobic biologically treated to below emission standards. Dehydrated cakes are also rich in minerals such as nitrogen, phosphorus and silica, magnesium, calcium and potassium, which are useful for plant growth. Because it can produce compost, it is expected to be widely applied to the treatment of organic waste with high water content and high concentration of organic matter.

1: primary reactor 2: primary reactor mixer (Mixer)
3: 1st dehydration process supply pump 4: Admixture
5: Admixture Mixer 6: Fermentation / Maturation Tank Supply Conveyor
7: Fermentation and aging tank 8: Fermentation and aging tank mixer
9: shovel 10: mature compost hopper
11: Foreign object sorter 12: mature compost conveyer
13: Complete compost transport conveyor 14: Leachate storage tank
15: leachate feed pump 20: nitrogen compound adsorption reaction tank
21: nitrogen compound adsorption reaction agitator 22: lime reaction tank
23: lime reactor stirrer 24: neutralization tank
25: neutralization tank stirrer 26: flocculation tank
27: flocculation tank stirrer 28: primary precipitation tank
29: 1st settling tank Rake 30: 2nd dehydration process feed pump
31: sump 32: aeration tank feed pump
33: aeration tank 34: secondary sedimentation tank
35: secondary sedimentation tank rake 36: return pump
37: microbial activation tank 38: bioreactor
39: Filler 40: Air blower
DOI: Dissolved oxygen indicator
pHT: pH transmitter M: Motor
pHIS: pH indicating control switch

Claims (6)

After crushing and screening organic wastes with high water content and organic concentration, fly ash, iron compound and soft burned dolomite or lime were added to the organic wastes, followed by stirring. Wastewater, which is the dewatered filtrate from the process, is sent to the wastewater treatment stage, and the dewatering cake is sent to the composting-mixing process, and
When the wastewater, which is the dehydration filtrate dehydrated in the first dehydration process, is supplied to the collection tank, the wastewater is sent to the aeration tank of the aerobic biological treatment process, the air is injected from the blower, and the treated sludge is sent to the sedimentation tank to settle the aeration tank and the active corrosion material. Exhaust sludge is sent to the storage tank in the pretreatment stage and overflowed the secondary settling tank while being returned to the microbial activation tank and aeration tank containing the bioreactor packed with pellets and minerals containing active minerals. Biological treatment water is discharged, or the wastewater treatment method comprising a wastewater treatment step to discharge after sterilization, filtration treatment. The method of claim 1, wherein the secondary reaction is carried out by injecting a substance having a large cation exchange capacity value, coal type, and lime into wastewater which is a dehydration filtrate dehydrated in the first dehydration step. The dewatered cake dehydrated in the second dewatering process by sequentially processing is sent to the composting stage, and the sewage water from the sedimentation tank and the wastewater, the dewatering filtrate from the second dewatering process, are supplied to the sump tank together with the dewatering filtrate from the first dehydration process. And adding magnesium salt to the aeration tank of the aerobic biological treatment process, injecting air from the blower, and treating the aerobic microorganisms to the settling tank to precipitate the sludge aeration tank, the active corrosive material pellet and the active mineral The surplus sludge discharged while being returned to the microbial activation tank and aeration tank containing the bioreactor filled with the mineral-containing filler material Send to the storage tank of the stage, the secondary aerobic biological process for the clarifier overflow (Over flow) is discharged, or, after sterilization, filtration treatment method for waste water treatment effluent. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aerobic biological treatment water flowing over the secondary sedimentation tank is additionally subjected to the same aerobic biological treatment. In the first dehydration process of claim 1, the dehydrating cake is injected into the composting unit, followed by adding a swelling agent and a soil modifier and injecting air and stirring the mixture to a blender mixer. Composting to produce compost by aerobic fermentation. The composting method according to claim 4, wherein the dehydration cake is added to the dehydration cake in the first dehydration process in the second dehydration process of claim 2, and the composting process is performed by injecting the composting step into the composting unit. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the produced compost is attapargite (Actapulgite) clay, bentonite (clay), kaolin (Kaolin, high colloidal silica (Colloidal silica, Silica sol), alumina As sol and molding aid, acrylic resin, styrene-acrylate resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, CMC (carboxyl methyl cellulose) coefficient Spherical or pellet type compost by supplying binder of one or two or more kinds of paper, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose resin or sodium alginate. How to compost.

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