KR20000049848A - the manufacturing method of bio-capsule having in microorganism and the mineral - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A preparation method of a biocapsule containing minerals with high content trace elements and microbial preparations is provided which capsules the minerals and the microbial preparations with alginic acid simply and economically, thereby the capsule is capable of controlling the release of active components and is biodegradable. CONSTITUTION: A preparation method of a biocapsule comprises mixing a culture solution prepared from cultivation of a microorganism useful for growth and development of animals and plants with a natural mineral comprising at least one of bentonite, loess and charcoal powder; mixing the mixed solution with an aqueous alginate solution with a certain concentration; spraying the mixed solution through a nozzle to produce droplets with a certain size; reacting the each droplet with a multivalent metal cation solution to change the each droplet into solid beads by ion-exchange reaction in the solution, thereby being precipitated into the lower layer of the metal solution; and filtering, washing and air-drying the precipitated solid beads.

Description

The manufacturing method of bio-capsule having in microorganism and the mineral}

The present invention relates to biocapsules using minerals, and more specifically, minerals and microbial agents containing a large amount of trace elements are encapsulated by alginic acid simply and economically, thereby enabling effective release control and biodegradation in the natural environment. It relates to a method for producing a friendly biosulfule.

The use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers has been rapidly expanding for the rapid development of the industry and the increase of food and productivity per unit area due to population growth. It causes acidification and the farmland is becoming increasingly desolate. In addition, in order to eliminate the pests that occur during the growth of plants, the vicious cycle of increasing the resistance due to the excessive use of pesticides, the bundling of soil pathogens and harmful nematodes by the simplification of soil microorganisms has been repeated. . In addition, disorders due to the lack of salt accumulation phenomenon microelements, such as to reduce the disease resistance of crops, poor harvestability due to poor growth, and causes serious problems such as deterioration of quality and taste.

Recently, as the problems of crop pollution and environmental pollution have emerged, the awareness of the importance of developing agricultural methods using high-quality organic fertilizer or compost rather than chemical fertilizer or pesticide has been spreading. As a result, many organic fertilizers have been developed and used, and efforts have been made to improve the fermentation production method using microorganisms.

However, in spite of the above efforts, compost use by organic fertilizer and fermentation production which is currently used causes another problem. In other words, these natural organic fertilizers are mostly used sawdust, Chinese herbal medicine, fish meal or livestock meal and natural organic materials mixed with them. In order to manufacture such natural organic fertilizers, it takes a long time and excessive devices by fermentation of microorganisms, which makes it difficult to use them in actual production, and causes water pollution due to the water of operation according to the production of such fertilizers. In addition, long-term use of fertilizers containing excessive amounts of these organic substances can damage crop growth. In other words, the sawdust is not sufficiently fermented, tannins, lignin and the like may damage the crops, and the livestock, fish meal, etc. may cause damage to the crop roots due to organic acids generated during the decay process. In addition, the biggest problem of such natural fertilizers or compost or chemical fertilizers are insufficient to function as a perfect plant growth aid because it contains almost no trace elements necessary for plant growth.

On the other hand, unlike fertilizers that act as a source of nutrients required for plant growth, pesticides have been used mainly for the prevention of pests. That is, among the fungal pathogens present in the soil, bacteria such as Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia spp., And Verticillium spp are the main fungal pathogens commonly found. They cause seed rot, root rot, leaf or stem rot and wither rot of crops and horticultural crops, so they use various pesticides for the sterilization of these pathogens. These pesticides are usually chemically synthesized and not only cause toxicity to the human body, but also cause extinction of even indigenous microorganisms, which are beneficial for controlling pathogens of plants in the soil. In addition, such chemical synthesis causes severe environmental pollution, and various agricultural products using such pesticides have a fatal effect on the human body due to heavy metal contamination.

Therefore, in recent years, chemical fertilizers and natural fertilizers using natural microorganisms and natural fertilizers have emerged, and the use of such microorganisms is beneficial to humans and soil as well as environmental protection aspects. It is proven. US Pat. No. 4,595,585 discloses a method for promoting plant growth and preventing disease by using a composition comprising a microbial delivery medium composition and a microbial strain as a suspension based on peat. US Pat. No. 5,403,584 discloses a method of using a composition comprising a microbial delivery medium and a microbial strain mainly composed of peat moss, sand and corn for such use. However, all of these microorganisms are made of natural products obtained from nature, so it is helpful to solve the environmental pollution problem, but it is not easy to be prepared in powder form after sterilization, and it is difficult to keep stable in suspension form. There is a problem in that it is not very effective when the seed is treated directly.

And, according to the Korean patent (Application No. 98-21106), microorganisms are used in combination with porous ceramics, but this is also effective in using natural products, but high temperature aging is required for forming porous ceramics, Due to the high cost and the manufacturing process is not only expensive, the microorganisms present in the inside is sprayed on the soil, there is a problem that the microorganism is easily leaked to the soil and washed out by rain or the like does not continue the effect for a long time.

Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the above problems, by encapsulating minerals and beneficial natural microorganisms containing a large amount of trace elements necessary for plant growth and supplying to the soil to provide a natural eco-friendly biosulfes with long-lasting efficacy The purpose is.

In addition, the present invention has another object to provide a biocapsule to ensure that the biocapsules are uniformly supplied in a sustained release to a constant concentration to the soil for a long time so that a proper concentration suitable for soil growth is always maintained.

The present invention for achieving the above object is a process for preparing a mixed solution by mixing a culture solution prepared by culturing the microorganisms beneficial for plant and animal growth with natural minerals containing at least one of bentonite, ocher and charcoal powder; Mixing the mixed solution with an aqueous alginate solution having a predetermined concentration, and spraying the mixed solution through a nozzle to form a predetermined size droplet; Reacting each of the droplets with a polyvalent metal cation solution to ion exchange in the solution into solid beads to precipitate into the lower metal solution layer; And it consists of a process of producing a capsule by air-dried by washing the deposited solid beads; There is a technical gist of the present invention to provide a method for preparing a biocapsule containing a mineral and a microbial agent containing a large amount of trace elements in which sustained release of minerals and microorganisms is released by temporal decomposition of the capsule.

Preferably, the polycationic metal is calcium hydroxide, and the sustained release of the capsule is controlled by the size of the drop particles through the nozzle.

Therefore, by allowing the sustained release of beneficial minerals and microorganisms used in various concentrated acids, there is an advantage in that it is possible to provide a bio capsule suitable for optimal use such as fertilizer and feed.

Hereinafter, the present invention having the technical features as described above will be described in detail.

(1) Preparation of minerals

Minerals should not only contain trace elements necessary for plant growth, such as calcium, molybdenum, phosphorus, etc., but also have sufficient alkalinity to prevent acidification of the soil. In addition, in order to use as a fertilizer, the production cost must also be cheap, so the main bentonite produced in nature. This bentonite itself can not be used as it maintains the acidity of pH 4-5. Therefore, it is used by treating with bentonite salt, preferably bentonite sodium salt by alkali treatment. This treated bentoanit salt shows an alkalinity of pH 8-9, thus preventing acidification of the soil after spraying. In addition, since bentonite is a natural mineral containing various inorganic elements in itself, it may be a source of trace elements necessary for plant growth.

In addition, the bentonite may be added or separately added to minerals such as loess, elvan, white clay, germanium, and feldspar. In addition, it may be possible to also mix charcoal powder and the like. These mixed minerals are more effective the finer the particle size, preferably to have a size of about 250 to 350 mesh.

(2) production of microorganisms

The microorganisms used in the present invention may be any known microorganisms which are known and known to be useful for plant growth and soil. For example, Actinomyces, Muco, Rhizopus, Arthrobacter, Spirillum, Azospirllum, which are readily available in microbial deposits. In addition to azotobacter, a variety of fungi and yeasts are selected and used.

Such microorganisms are cultured by purely cultivating only microorganisms that are not in a state of being composted with compost as in the prior art. As an example of such culture, the microorganism selected is inoculated in a solid vegetable medium and cultured at 30-50 ° C. for a long time to obtain a culture solution. Then, the culture medium is mixed well, and the medium and sugar are layered and then covered with a lid to allow air to pass through, and then cultured at 30 to 50 ° C. until the microbial growth medium in the container turns into a viscous liquid phase.

(3) Capsule Sample

The minerals and microorganisms prepared as described above are encapsulated in order to be discharged to sustained release with a constant concentration after spraying on the soil. Available for this encapsulation operation uses alginic acid. Alginic acid is simple in one step, and its manufacturing environment is a mild condition in which cells are alive. Therefore, it is widely used in all fields such as immobilization of living cells in fermentation reactors or immobilization of hybridoma cells to prepare monoclonal antibodies. Has been.

When the alginic acid is used as the encapsulation base, the alginic acid is gradually decomposed, so that the substances contained in the capsule can be slowly ejected to a certain concentration. In addition, the encapsulation operation using the alginic acid can be arbitrarily adjusted in size. That is, since the alginate coating is made on the surface of the substrate mixed with the prepared minerals and microorganisms, the size of the coating carrier can be adjusted according to the size of the substrate, and by the manufacture of such capsules, the degree of sustained release of the minerals and microorganisms contained therein Can be adjusted. That is, according to the experiments of the present inventors, the material inside the carrier is eluted than when the mineral and the microorganism as the substrate are mixed to reduce the size of the particles passing through the nozzle and coated with alginate. It can be seen that the degree of control gradually occurs. Such control of size and elution time makes it very beneficial for the manufacture of fertilizers.

For example, when fertilizing directly into the soil, it is necessary to increase the size and to increase the number of coatings in order to prevent the washing of rainwater and the removal of the active ingredient. On the other hand, the finer the particle size is effective for the spraying and the like by the sprayer. Therefore, it is possible to adjust to this purpose.

(4) Preparation of capsules

A common method of encapsulating with alginic acid beads is to use the principle that the aqueous solution of alginate is ion exchanged and solidified when mixed with a polyvalent cation solution. Such alginate salts can be used in the form of ammonium or potassium salts, but in general, the form of sodium alginate is generally preferred. As the polyvalent cation solution, a solution of calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ), calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ), strontium chloride (SrCl ₂ ) and barium chloride (BaCl ₂ ) may be preferably used.

In general, 0.5-5% (v / v) sodium alginate is dissolved in distilled water to form an aqueous solution. Add the solution prepared by mixing the soil improver and microbial agent prepared in advance in the above (1) and (2) and drop the droplets to a predetermined size in a polyhydric cation solution of preferably 0.1-2.0M, preferably calcium hydroxide solution Instantly cures to form beads.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention using the above materials will be described.

Example 1

1) Dissolve 10g sodium alginate in 1000ml distilled water to prepare 1M sodium alginate solution.

2) The mineral used in this example is pulverized bentonite containing abundant trace elements to a size of about 300 mesh using a grinder, and about 80 g of the pulverized powder is added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution prepared in 1) above. Stir.

3) Separately add about 20ml of cultured microbial culture solution containing nutrients to the aqueous sodium alginate solution mixed with the soil modifier, and then stir sufficiently at room temperature.

4) The stirred mixed solution is dropped into the prepared calcium hydroxide solution at a concentration of 1.5 M, which is a prepared polycationic solution, by adjusting the size of the droplets through a nozzle.

5) The droplets are ion-exchanged in the calcium hydroxide solution, turn into solid beads, and precipitate in the lower layer of calcium hydroxide solution. The deposited knife hydroxide ?? After 1 hour, the solution is taken out, washed with water and air dried. In this case, the air drying time takes about 1 to 2 hours. In the above-described example, alginate coating was performed once, but if necessary, the coated solid beads were added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution again, and then again added to the polyvalent cation solution to repeat the second and third coatings. In addition, the size of the biocapsule may be adjusted by adjusting the shape through the nozzle of the mixed liquid mixed with the mineral and microorganism.

According to the experimental results, the sustained release degree of the biocapsules was found to be inversely proportional to the size of the mixed liquid ejected from the nozzle diameter. In other words, the larger the diameter of the mixture of minerals and microorganisms through the nozzle, the faster the release of minerals and microorganisms occurred at the same number of coatings. Therefore, in order to have sustained sustained release for a long time, the diameter of the mixed solution through the nozzle is reduced, and the alginate aqueous solution treatment of the mixed solution can be controlled. It can be seen that the control of the sustained release can be applied to various uses of the biocapsules according to the present invention.

In addition, the solid beads prepared in the above embodiment can be directly fertilized in the soil because it is possible to control the constant size and sustained release, and the number of leaves increased and the growth state of the beans is improved as a result of experiments with real kidney beans. Could.

Example 2

1) The soil improver and microorganism were added to the aqueous solution of sodium alginate for side fertilization through the sprayer, and the stirred solution was adjusted to have a size of about 0.1-0.2 mm through the nozzle, and then the drops were dropped in calcium hydroxide solution. The solid solid beads were prepared.

2) In order to have good adhesion to the leaves, stems, etc. of the plant when spraying the sprayer of the solid beads, a spray solution was prepared by mixing 20 g of dextrin in 10L of wood vinegar solution.

After spraying the grass on the golf course through the sprayer in the aqueous solution, the growth of the grass was examined, and the occurrence of pests was prevented and the growth was improved.

Example 3

1) After mixing 80 g of ganban rock powder and 10 g of sodium alginate in a 1000 ml aqueous solution containing the liquefied shiitake mushroom culture medium, the capsules were prepared using the nozzle used in Example 2.

2) As a result of inoculating the solid beads on oak, and maintaining the temperature of 25 to 30 ℃ it can be seen that germination after about 30 days.

Example 4

1) A liquid mixture containing 100 g of ocher powder and 10 g of charcoal powder as a mineral in 1000cc of liquefied yeast (saccharomyces) was made into a capsule using an aqueous solution containing 10 g of sodium alginate, and air-dried and mixed with 10% pig feed.

2) At this time, the pigs fed the feed according to the present embodiment had a much lower generation of odor in the livestock, and almost no smell in the barn.

As described above, according to the present invention, there is an effect that can easily encapsulate the beneficial bio-material mixed with minerals and microorganisms beneficial for agriculture, livestock.

In addition, since the degree of sustained release can be controlled by controlling the size of the biosulfule according to the present invention, there is another effect of providing a sustained-release biosulfur in which microorganisms and minerals are eluted in a state suitable for a plant or animal of a concentrated acid having various conditions.

Claims (3)

Preparing a mixed solution by mixing a culture solution prepared by culturing microorganisms beneficial for plant and animal growth with natural minerals containing at least one of bentonite, loess and charcoal powder; Mixing the mixed solution with an aqueous alginate solution having a predetermined concentration, and spraying the mixed solution through a nozzle to form a predetermined size droplet; Reacting each of the droplets with a polyvalent metal cation solution to ion exchange in the solution into solid beads to precipitate into the lower metal solution layer; And It consists of a process of producing a capsule by air-dried by washing the deposited solid beads; Method for producing a biocapsule containing a mineral and a microbial agent containing a large amount of trace elements, characterized in that the release of the mineral and microorganisms in the sustained release by the time decomposition of the capsule. The method of claim 1, wherein the polycationic metal is calcium hydroxide. The method for producing biocapsules containing minerals and microorganisms containing a large amount of trace elements. According to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sustained-release elution of the capsule is controlled by the size of the solid beads by the size of the drop particles through the nozzle bio-containing minerals and microorganisms containing a large amount of trace elements Capsule manufacturing method.