KR102500456B1 - Golf shoe outsole - Google Patents

Abstract

A golf shoe having an improved outsole configuration is provided. A golf shoe includes an upper, a midsole, and an outsole section. The outsole includes a first set of arcuate paths extending along the outsole in one direction. A second set of arcuate paths extend along the outsole in a second direction. When the first and second circular arc paths overlap each other, four-sided tile fragments are formed, these tiles comprising protruding traction members. In one embodiment, the tile includes a first protruding traction member, an opposing second protruding traction member, and a non-protruding segment disposed between the first and second traction members. Different traction zones comprising different traction elements are provided in the outsole. These zones provide improved multi-surface traction. In one embodiment of the outsole, there is no channeling and digging of golf course turf. For a given amount of traction, there is little damage to the golf course. In other embodiments, a heel step area without a traction member may be provided in the outsole. Additionally, a spike receptacle may be provided in the outsole in addition to the traction member.

Description

Golf shoe outsole {GOLF SHOE OUTSOLE}

CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of co-pending co-assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/745,525 filed on Jan. 17, 2020, which is a co-pending co-assigned U.S. patent application filed on Dec. 20, 2018. 16/226,861, which is a continuation-in-part of co-pending and commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 29/662,673, filed September 7, 2018, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. .

The present invention relates generally to footwear, and more particularly to golf shoes having improved outsoles. Outsoles have different regions or zones of traction members that provide traction for on-course and off-course activities. The traction members are arranged in a non-channeled pattern on the outsole. The traction member of the outsole and its unique pattern help provide a shoe with high traction and low turf-trenching characteristics. The outsole also minimizes damage to the putting green for a given amount of traction.

Today, both professional and amateur golfers use specially designed golf shoes. Typically, a golf shoe includes an upper portion and an outsole portion along with a midsole, and the midsole connects the upper to the outsole. The upper has a traditional shape for inserting the user's foot and thus covers and protects the foot within the shoe. The upper is designed to provide a comfortable fit around the contours of the foot. The midsole is relatively light and provides cushioning to the shoe. The outsole is designed to provide stability and traction for the golfer. The lower surface of the outsole may include spikes or cleats designed to engage the ground through contact with and penetration of the ground. These elements help provide golfers with better foot traction as they walk or play the course.

Often, the terms "spike" and "cleat" are used interchangeably in the golf industry. Because cleats are more commonly associated with other sports such as baseball, football, and soccer, some golfers prefer the term "spikes." Because spikes are more commonly associated with non-turf sports, such as track and bicycle competitions, other golfers prefer to use the term “cleats.” In the following description, the term "spike" will be used for convenience. Golf shoe spikes can be made of metal or plastic materials. However, one problem with metal spikes is that they are generally elongated segments with sharp points extending downward that can break through the surface of the putting green thereby leaving holes and causing other damage. These metal spikes can also cause damage to other surfaces on golf courses, such as carpets and floors in clubhouses. Currently, most golf courses require golfers to use non-metallic spikes. Plastic spikes usually have a round base with a central stud on one side. On the other side of the round base, there are radial arms with traction projections for contact with the ground. Threads are spaced around the studs on the spikes to be inserted into the threaded receptacle of the outsole of the shoe, as described further below. These plastic spikes, which can be easily fitted and subsequently removed from locking receptacles on the outsole, tend to cause less damage to green and clubhouse floor surfaces.

When the spike is present in the golf shoe, the spike is preferably detachably fastened to the receptacle (socket) of the outsole. The receptacle may be located within a molded pod attached to the outsole. Molded pods help provide additional stability and balance to the shoe. Spikes can be easily inserted and removed from the receptacle. Generally, the spike may be secured in the receptacle by inserting it and then twisting slightly clockwise. The spike may be removed from the receptacle with a slight twist counterclockwise.

Recently, "spikeless" or "cleatless" shoes have become more popular. These shoe soles include rubber or plastic traction members, but do not include spikes or cleats. This traction member protrudes from the lower surface of the outsole and contacts the ground. Shoes are designed for use on and off the golf course. That is, the shoe provides good stability and traction for golfers playing on courses, including tees, fairways and greens. Moreover, the shoe is light and comfortable, and can be used off the golf course. The shoes can be worn comfortably in the clubhouse, office or other off-course location.

When a golfer shifts his/her weight by swinging the club, the foot absorbs a great deal of force. For example, when a right-handed golfer first places his/her feet (i.e., gets into position to hit the ball) before beginning any club swing motion, their weight shifts between their front and back feet. evenly distributed As the golfer initiates the backswing, the weight shifts primarily to the back foot. At the start of the downswing, significant pressure is applied to the back foot. Accordingly, the rear foot may be referred to as a driving foot and the front foot may be referred to as a stabilizing foot. As golfers follow through on the swing and drive the ball, their weight is transferred from the drive foot to the lead foot (fixed foot). During the swing motion, there is a slight pivot in the hind and forefoot, but this pivot motion must be controlled. It is important that your feet do not move or slip substantially when you hit the shot. Good foot traction is important during golf shot cycling. Thus, traditional golf shoes have traction members and spikes positioned at different locations across the outsole.

For example, U.S. Patent No. 8,677,657 to Bacon et al. discloses a golf shoe having a rigid thermoplastic polyurethane pod molded in a relatively soft and flexible thermoplastic polyurethane in the front section and a relatively rigid TPU in the heel section. Opening the bottom window. Each pod includes a cleat receptacle for inserting and removing cleats. U.S. Patent No. 7,895,773 to Robinson, Jr et al. discloses a golf shoe having a collapsible, supportable gel pad contained within a recess in an outsole proximal to the metatarsal bone. Shoes include relatively soft plastic spikes that can be replaced and relatively hard rubber cleats that cannot be replaced. After a given period of time (eg, 3 months) and after the replacement spikes wear out, the golfer can replace the spikes to restore traction. If the golfer desires, he/she may also select the height of the replacement spikes to match the height of non-replaceable cleats that may be worn out.

In another example, the outsole may include traction members, spikes and/or cleats arranged in a linear pattern with transverse and longitudinal rows extending across the outsole. For example, U.S. Patent No. 4,782,604 to Wen-Shown discloses a golf shoe outsole having multiple flexible cleats and multiple removable metal spikes (nails) arranged in a linear pattern. Metal cleats are located on the ball portion and heel portion of the outsole. Soft cleats are positioned around the sole to provide positioning, load bearing and elasticity.

U.S. Patent No. 9,332,803 to Kasprzak discloses a golf shoe outsole having cleats distributed along the forefoot and heel areas. The cleats are arranged in transverse rows along the longitudinal length of the outsole. Cleats are essentially cross-shaped. The forefoot includes a ball area and a toe area. The cheek and heel regions have cleats with a greater height and width than other regions of the sole. The cleats along the cheek and heel regions are substantially equal in height.

In another version, the traction members are arranged in a circular pattern, wherein each traction element located within the ring has substantially the same radius and center as the other traction elements within the ring. For example, US Pat. No. 8,011,118 to Gerber discloses a shoe having an outsole with a circular tread pattern. The circular tread pattern includes a first circular tread having a first radius, the first circular tread extending less than 360 degrees in a circumferential direction around a center of the circular tread pattern. the circular tread pattern also includes a second circular tread having a second radius greater than the first radius; The second circular tread here also extends less than 360 degrees circumferentially around the center of the circular tread. According to the '118 patent, the circular tread pattern not only provides sufficient traction in all directions but also allows the wearer to pivot about the pivot portion.

However, one drawback of some conventional golf shoes is that they can damage the golf course turf. For example, traction members, spikes and cleats can drag along surfaces and damage grass blades and roots. This damage may be referred to as a trenching effect. This tearing of grass and roots makes the putting green and other course surfaces uneven. There are relatively raised and lowered surfaces, which cause discoloration and browning of the turf. The penetration of the ground and the digging of the grass by the shoe sole cause problems to golfers in all phases of the game. For example, turf plowing can affect a golfer as he/she drives a ball from a tee, when taking a shot from the fairway, when putting on a green, and even when walking on the course. Even if golfers are careful, they can cause damage to the green when walking and putting. In particular, this becomes a problem when the putting green is wet. Grass and soil digging can slow down the overall flexibility and pivoting action of the shoe. Also, digging-up and clogging of the grass at the outsole can make golfers awkward and uncomfortable when walking on a course or swinging a club to make a shot. When the traction members and cleats are arranged in a linear configuration across the outsole, this mowing effect occurs in both the 90 degree and 0 degree directions, as described in more detail below. On the other hand, when the cleats are arranged in an overlapping circular pattern (double radial configuration), there tends to be little digging in the 90 degree direction, but more digging in the 0 degree direction. In another embodiment, when the cleats are arranged in a concentric circular pattern, there may be grooves in a variety of directions, including the direction of rotation, as will also be described in more detail below.

Accordingly, there is a need for golf shoes with improved outsoles that can provide high levels of stability and traction. Shoes must hold and support the medial and lateral sides of a golfer's foot as they shift their weight when making a golf shot. The shoe should provide good traction, so there is no slipping and the golfer can maintain balance. At the same time, the outsole of the shoe must have minimal turf-breaking properties. Golfers wearing shoes should be able to comfortably walk and play the course with minimal damage to the course turf. The present invention provides a new golf shoe construction that provides golfers with improved traction as well as other advantageous properties, features and benefits including minimal turf breakage.

The present invention provides a golf shoe having an outsole comprising different areas of tile. Each zone includes a different traction member for gripping both the golf course surface and the off-golf course surface. The traction members are arranged in a non-channeled pattern on the outsole. The traction members of the outsole and its unique pattern help provide a shoe with high traction and minimal turf breaking characteristics. The outsole also minimizes damage to other surfaces such as putting greens and clubhouse floors. The shoe provides less damage to the golf course for a given amount of traction.

A shoe includes an upper portion and an outsole portion with a midsole connecting the upper to the outsole. Looking at the lower surface of the outsole, it contains a set of spiral paths that intersect with each other. For example, one set of helical pathways may be referred to as set A; The other set may be referred to as set (B). Each helical path of set A has a common origin and includes a plurality of helical segments radiating from that origin. Each helical segment of set A has a different degree of curvature. Similar to set A of helical paths, each helical path in set B has a common origin and includes a plurality of helical segments radiating from that origin. Each helical segment of set B also has a different degree of curvature. The first set of helical paths (A) is logarithmic or normal, and the second set of helical paths (B) is the inverse of the first set (A). Thus, the sets of helical paths A and B may overlap each other. When the helical paths in sets A and B overlap each other, the curved sub-segments of the helical segments from set A and the curved sub-segments of the helical segments from set B are joined together to form a four-sided Create a tile fragment. The intersections between sets of overlapping spiral paths (A and B) form the corners of these tile segments. In the inventive outsole, these tile fragments include protruding traction members.

For example, looking at the outsole of a right foot shoe, the forefoot region of the outsole includes a first (outer) region of tile that includes protruding traction members extending along the periphery of the forefoot region. These traction members of the outer zone are primarily used for golf specific traction, i.e. they help control forefoot outer traction and prevent the foot from slipping during a golf shot. A third (inner) zone of the tile includes protruding traction members extending along opposite peripheries of the forefoot region. These traction members in the inner zone provide a high contact surface area to prevent slipping on hard, wet and smooth surfaces. Every traction member provides maximum contact with the ground for a given amount of traction member material (eg rubber) in that particular region. A second (intermediate) zone of tiles comprising protruding traction members is disposed between the first zone and the third zone. These traction members of the middle zone are relatively softer and more flexible than the traction members of the adjacent outer and inner zones. These traction members provide comfort and tend to distribute pressure from the middle (second) zone to the periphery of the sole, ie towards the outer (first) and inner (third) zones. Thus, the middle zone acts as a comfort zone to relieve pressure on the center of the sole and press it against the outer and inner surfaces of the outsole. The pattern of the traction members in the outer and inner zones provides improved traction on both hard and soft surfaces as further described below. In one preferred embodiment, the traction member is made from a rubber material and all zones of the traction member provide maximum grip per volume of rubber material used. The midfoot and hindfoot regions of the outsole include similar zones and traction members as described further below.

There may also be an elliptical pattern OV1 having a center point superimposed on the helical path, and the center point of the elliptical pattern OV1 and the origin of the first set of helical paths A are the same fixed point; Here, the first segment of each helical path has a proximal end and a distal end, and the elliptical pattern intersects the distal end of the first segment. There may also be an elliptical pattern OV2 having a center point superimposed on the helical path, and the center point of the elliptical pattern OV2 and the origin of the second set of helical paths B are the same fixed point; Here, the second segment of each helical path has a proximal end and a distal end, and the elliptical pattern intersects the distal end of the second segment.

In one embodiment, the tile segment comprises a traction member, the plurality of tile segments comprising a first protruding traction member, an opposing second protruding traction member, and non-protruding segments disposed between the first and second traction members. includes The first traction member has a greater hardness than the second traction member. Preferably, the first and second traction members each comprise a thermoplastic polyurethane composition. In one embodiment, the first and second traction members have different hardness values. In another embodiment, the first and second traction members have substantially the same hardness. Also, the first and second traction members may have different or substantially the same heights. The non-protruding segment (window) disposed between the first traction member and the second traction member preferably comprises an ethylene vinyl acetate composition.

In the forefoot region, the outsole includes a first section of tile comprising a protruding traction member extending along a forward portion of the forefoot region; a second section of tile comprising protruding traction members extending along a periphery of the forefoot region; and a third zone of tiles including protruding traction members extending along opposite peripheries of the forefoot region, the second and third zones being adjacent to the first zone and comprising the first, second and third zones. Traction members have different dimensions. The outsole may also include a region of tile that includes a protruding traction member extending along the midfoot region. Also, in the hindfoot region, the outsole includes a first section of tile comprising protruding traction members extending along a rearward portion of the hindfoot region; a second section of tile comprising protruding traction members extending along a periphery of the hindfoot region; and a third zone of tiles including protruding traction members extending along opposite peripheries of the hindfoot region, the second and third zones adjacent to the first zone and the first, second and third zones. The traction members of have different dimensions.

The traction elements within a zone can have different structures, geometries and dimensions. In one embodiment, the traction member has a triangular non-concave top surface defining a tread surface, the total tread area being in the range of about 10 to about 70% of the total surface area of the tile.

The characteristic novel features of the present invention are set out in the appended claims. However, the preferred embodiments of the present invention, along with other objects and attendant advantages, are best understood by reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a golf shoe of the present invention showing details of an outsole.
1A is an inside view of one embodiment of a golf shoe of the present invention showing details of the upper.
2(a) is a top plan view of a first set of log (regular) spiral paths A for one embodiment of a golf shoe of the present invention.
FIG. 2(b) is a top plan view of a second set of log (reverse) helical paths (B) that are the inverse of the first set of log (regular) helical paths (A) shown in FIG. 2 (a).
Fig. 2(c) shows a second set of logarithmic (inverse) shown in Fig. 2(b) superimposed on the first set of logarithmic (regular) spiral paths A shown in Fig. 2(a). A top plan view of the spiral path (B).
Figure 3a is a top plan view of the first set of logarithmic (regular) helical paths A shown in Figure 2(a), in which elliptical patterns OV1 and OV2 lie above the helical paths; It is understood that the pattern is for illustrative purposes only and does not appear as a visible mark or indicia on the outsole of the shoe.
FIG. 3b shows a first set of superimposed log (regular) helical paths A as shown in FIG. 2(c) in which elliptical patterns OV1 and OV2 lie on the superimposed helical paths and A top plan view of the second set of log (reverse) spiral paths B, it is understood that these elliptical patterns are illustrative only and do not appear as visible marks or indicia on the outsole of the shoe.
4A is a top plan view of an example of a first set of log (regular) helical pathways A, showing helical pathways comprising different helical pathway segments, where the length of the helical segments increases by a growth factor.
FIG. 4B is Table 1 showing the lengths of the helical path segments as shown in FIG. 4A and their respective growth factors.
FIG. 4C is Table 2 showing in geometrical equations the lengths of the helical path segments as shown in FIG. 4A and their respective growth factors.
5A is a top plan view of a second example of a first set of log (regular) helical pathways A, showing helical pathways comprising different helical pathway segments, where the length of the helical segments increases by a growth factor.
FIG. 5B is Table 3 showing the lengths of the helical path segments as shown in FIG. 5A and their respective growth factors.
FIG. 5C is Table 4 showing in geometrical equations the lengths of the helical path segments as shown in FIG. 5A and their respective growth factors.
6A is a bottom plan view of an example of an outsole of the present invention showing the origin of the helical path in the arch region of the outsole.
6B is a bottom plan view of one example of an outsole of the present invention showing the origin of the spiral path in the central midfoot region of the outsole.
6C is a bottom plan view of one example of an outsole of the present invention showing the origin of the helical path outside the lateral midfoot region of the outsole.
6D is a bottom plan view of an example of an inventive outsole showing the origin of the helical path in the central midfoot region of the insole, where the helical path is at a smaller scale than the helical path shown in FIGS. 6A-6C. .
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the outsole shown in FIG. 6A , wherein the focal point of the spiral path is on the inner side of the outsole and in the arch region.
8 is a bottom plan view of an example of an outsole of the present invention showing tiles comprising different traction members, where the tiles are arranged in different areas of the outsole.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an example of a traction member shown in the outsole of FIG. 8 .
Fig. 9a is a cross-sectional view of the traction member of Fig. 9 along the line A-A';
Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a second example of a traction member shown in the outsole of Fig. 8;
Fig. 10a is a cross-sectional view of the traction member of Fig. 10 along the line A-A';
Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a third example of the traction member shown in the outsole of Fig. 8;
Fig. 11a is a cross-sectional view of the traction member of Fig. 11 along the line A-A';
Figure 12 is a bottom plan view of a prior art outsole, wherein the traction members are arranged in a linear configuration with channels, and showing the mowing effect occurring in 90 degree and 0 degree directions.
FIG. 13 is a bottom plan view of a prior art outsole, wherein the traction members are arranged in a dual radial configuration with channels, and showing the mowing effect occurring in 90 degree and 0 degree directions.
14 is a bottom plan view of a prior art outsole, wherein the traction members are arranged in a circular configuration with channels; It is a bottom plan view showing that the grass digging effect occurs in various directions including the rotation direction.
15 is a bottom plan view of a prior art outsole, wherein the traction members are arranged in a single log spiral configuration with channels; It is a bottom plan view showing that the grass digging effect occurs in the directions of 90 degrees and 0 degrees.
16 is a bottom plan view of an example of an outsole of the present invention, wherein the traction members are arranged in different arcuate paths without channeling and there is no mowing effect.
FIG. 17A is a bottom plan view of a second example of an outsole of the present invention, comprising a different type of traction member than the member found in the outsole of FIG. 16, but the member is arranged in a similar configuration without channeling and without a mowing effect; .
FIG. 17b shows a third insole of the present invention comprising a different type of traction member than the member found in the outsole of FIGS. 16 and 17a , but the member is arranged in a similar configuration without channeling and without the mowing effect. Example bottom plan view.
18 is a bottom perspective view of another example of a golf shoe of the present invention showing details of an outsole.
FIG. 18A is a bottom plan view of the golf shoe shown in FIG. 18 showing a tile outsole with tile segments comprising different traction members, where the tiles are arranged in different zones.
FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of a portion of the outsole shown in FIG. 18 as indicated by the “FIG. 19” dashed line circle in FIG. 18;
FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of a portion of the outsole shown in FIG. 18 as indicated by the “FIG. 20” dashed line circle in FIG. 18;
FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of a portion of the outsole shown in FIG. 18 as indicated by the “FIG. 21” broken line circle in FIG. 18;
FIG. 22 is an enlarged view of a portion of the outsole shown in FIG. 18 as indicated by the “FIG. 22” broken line circle in FIG. 18;
FIG. 23 is an enlarged view of the portion of the outsole shown in FIG. 18 as indicated by the “FIG. 23” dashed line circle in FIG. 18;
24 is a bottom plan view of one example of an outsole of the present invention showing traction members extending along the forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot regions.
25 is a cross-sectional view of the outsole of FIG. 24 along line A-A';
26 is a cross-sectional view of the outsole of FIG. 24 along line BB'.
Fig. 27 is a cross-sectional view of the outsole of Fig. 24 along line C-C';
28 is an exploded view of one example of a midsole and outsole of a golf shoe of the present invention showing the different components of the midsole and outsole.
29 is a perspective view of an example of a tile segment in an outsole of the present invention showing two traction members and a flat segment disposed between the traction members.
30 is a perspective view of an example of a tile segment in an outsole of the present invention showing two traction members and a flat segment (window) disposed between the traction members.
31 is a side view of one example of a golf shoe of the present invention showing details of the shoe upper.
32 is a bottom plan view of one example of an outsole of the present invention showing traction members extending along the forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot regions, with flexion points shown in detail.
33A is a schematic diagram of an example of an outsole of the present invention showing details of the horizontal sidewalls of selected traction members in zone G;
33B is a schematic diagram of an example of an outsole of the present invention showing details of the vertical sidewalls of selected traction members in zones A, C, E, and F;
33C is a schematic diagram of an example of an outsole of the present invention showing details of the horizontal sidewalls of selected traction members in Zone D.
33D is a schematic diagram of an example of an outsole of the present invention showing details of the vertical sidewalls of different traction members in zones A, C, E, and F.
34 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a golf shoe of the present invention showing details of an outsole.
35 is a bottom plan view of an embodiment of the outsole of FIG. 34 of the present invention.
Figure 36 is a central medial side view of the embodiment of the golf shoe of Figure 34 of the present invention;
37 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a golf shoe of the present invention showing an outsole detail with a spike receptacle.
38 is a bottom plan view of an embodiment of the insole of FIG. 37 of the present invention having a spike receptacle.
Figure 39 is a perspective view of the Figure 37 embodiment of the present invention showing details of an outsole with spikes secured to spike receptacles;
40 is a bottom plan view of an embodiment of the outsole of FIG. 39 of the present invention.
Figure 41 is an inside side view of the embodiment of the golf shoe of Figure 39 of the present invention;
42a-42c are partial cross-sectional views through a portion of the outsole and spike receptacle of FIGS. 39-41 showing the spike and multi-surface traction member both unloaded and loaded.

Referring to the drawings, in particular Figure 1, in which like reference numbers indicate like elements, one embodiment of a golf shoe 10 of the present invention is shown. Shoe 10 includes an upper portion 12 and an outsole portion 16 with a midsole 14 connecting upper 12 to an outsole 16 . It is understood that the view depicted in the figure is of the right shoe and the components of the left shoe are mirror mirror images of the right shoe. It should also be appreciated that shoes may be manufactured in a variety of sizes, and thus the size of components of a shoe may be adjusted according to shoe size.

Upper 12 has a traditional shape and is made from standard upper materials such as, for example, natural leather, synthetic leather, non-woven materials, natural and synthetic fabrics. For example, breathable, mesh and synthetic fabrics made from nylon, polyester, polyolefin, polyurethane, rubber and combinations thereof may be used. Materials used to construct the upper are selected based on desired properties such as breathability, durability, flexibility, and comfort. In one preferred example, upper 12 is formed from a mesh material. Upper materials are sewn or bonded together to form an upper structure. Referring to FIG. 1A , upper 12 generally includes an instep area 18 having an opening 20 for inserting a foot. The upper includes a vamp 19 for covering the forefoot of the foot. The instep area consists of a tongue member 22 and a saddle strip 21 overlying the quarter section 23 of the upper and attached to foxing 29 in the heel area. include Upper 12 may also include an optional ghille strip 31 extending from an area behind instep area 18 . Generally, shoelaces 24 are used to tighten the shoe around the contour of the foot. However, other tightening systems may be used including metal cable (shoelace) tightening assemblies that include a dial, spool, and locking mechanism to lock the housing and cable in place. Such shoelace tightening assemblies are available from Boa Technology, Inc., Denver, CO 80216. The aforementioned upper 12 shown in FIGS. 1 and 1A represents only one example of an upper design that may be used in the footwear constructions of the present invention, and that other upper designs may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. that should be understood

The midsole 14 is relatively lightweight and provides cushioning to the shoe. Midsole 14 may be manufactured from standard midsole materials such as, for example, foamed ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or polyurethane. In one manufacturing process, the midsole 14 is molded onto and around the outsole. Alternatively, midsole 14 can be molded as a separate piece and then joined to an upper surface (not shown) of outsole 16 by sewing, adhesive or other suitable means using standard techniques known in the art. It can be. For example, midsole 14 may be thermally pressed and bonded to the upper surface of outsole 16 .

In general, the outsole 16 is designed to provide stability and traction to the shoe. The lower surface 27 of the outsole 16 includes a number of traction members 25 to help provide traction between the shoe and the grass on the course. The lower surface of the outsole and traction member may be made of any suitable material such as rubber or plastic and combinations thereof. Thermoplastics such as nylons, polyesters, polyolefins and polyurethanes may be used. Suitable rubber materials that may be used include polybutadiene, polyisoprene, ethylene-propylene rubber ("EPR"), ethylene-propylene-diene ("EPDM") rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, styrenic block copolymer rubber ("SI" , "SIS", "SB", "SBS", "SIBS", "SEBS", "SEPS", etc., where "S" is styrene, "I" is isobutylene, "E" is ethylene, “P” is propylene and “B” is butadiene), polyalkenamers, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, and blends of two or more thereof. The structure and function of the outsole 16 of the present invention is explained in more detail as follows.

In Fig. 2(a), a first set of helical paths A is shown. Each helical path 30 has a common origin 32 and includes a plurality of helical segments (eg A1 , A2 and A3 ) radiating from the origin 32 . Each segment A1, A2 and A3 has a different degree of curvature. Referring to Fig. 2(b), a second set of helical paths B is shown. Similar to set A of helical paths, each helical path 34 in set B has a common origin 36 and a plurality of helical segments radiating from that origin 36 (e.g., B1 , B2 and B3). Each segment B1, B2 and B3 has a different degree of curvature. The first set of helical paths (A) is logarithmic or regular, and the second set of helical paths (B) is the inverse of the first set (A). Accordingly, sets of helical paths A and B may overlap each other as shown in FIG. 2(c).

When the helical paths in sets A and B overlap each other, the curved sub-segments of the helical segments from set A and the curved sub-segments of the helical segments from set B are joined together to form a four-sided Create a tile fragment. In Fig. 2(c), a four-sided tile with helical sub-segment sides 33, 35, 37, 39 is shown. The intersections between sets of overlapping spiral paths (A and B) form the corners of these tile segments. In the shoe of the invention, these tile fragments are located on the outsole and include protruding traction members - these are described in more detail below.

The geometry of the helical path is shown in more detail in FIG. 3A. In this figure, a first set of logarithmic (regular) helical paths A (Fig. 2(a)) includes an elliptical pattern OV1 and an elliptical pattern OV2 intersecting with different helical paths. It should be understood that the elliptical patterns OV1 and OV2 are used herein to further describe the helical paths A and B and are intended for illustrative purposes only. Oval patterns OV1 and OV2 do not appear as visible marks or indicia on the outsole of the shoe. More specifically, the elliptical pattern OV1 has a center point 40, and as shown in FIG. 3A, the center point 40 of the elliptical pattern OV1 and the origin of the first segment A1 of the helical path A. (32) is the same fixed point. The first segment A1 of each helical path A also has a proximal end 42 and a distal end 44 . The oval pattern OV1 intersects the distal end 44 of the first segment A1 of the helical path A.

As also shown in FIG. 3A , an elliptical pattern OV2 with the same center point 40 also lies above the helical path A. The center point of the elliptical pattern OV2 and the origin 32 of the second segment A2 of the spiral path A are the same fixed point. The second segment A2 of each helical path B also has a proximal end 46 and a distal end 48 . Oval pattern OV2 intersects distal end 48 of second segment A2 of helical path A.

A first set of log (normal) helical paths (A) and a second set of log (reverse) helical paths (B) overlapping each other as shown in (c) of FIG. 2 are for illustration purposes in FIG. It is shown overlapping and overlapping with the elliptical patterns OV1 and OV2. It should be understood that the number of helical paths in a pattern and the number of helical segments in a given helical path are non-limiting. In FIGS. 3A and 3B , a helical path comprising three helical segments A1 , A2 and A3 is shown for illustrative purposes, however, there may be any number of segments and these segments are described further below. can be scaled to any size.

Referring to FIGS. 4A-4C , the path lengths of some exemplary helical segments comprising a helical path are shown in more detail. In FIG. 4A , an example of a first set of log (regular) helical paths A having a helical path comprising a number of helical segments is shown. The length of the helical pathway segment increases by a constant growth factor. In particular, in this example, the helical path 50 includes a first helical segment A1; a second helical segment (A2); a third helical segment (A3); a fourth helical segment (A4); a fifth helical segment (A5); and a sixth helical segment A6. These helical segments increase by a constant growth factor along the entire helical path. For example, if the length of the helical segment A1 is 0.4 inches; Spiral segment A2 is 0.6 inches long; The length of the spiral segment A3 is 1 inch and the growth factor is 1.6. This growth factor of the different segments remains the same as the helical pathway continues to grow, as shown in Table 1 of FIG. 4B. That is, the growth factor remains constant throughout the entire helical pathway (eg, the growth factor may be 1.6). This example of a growth factor can be represented by a geometric equation as shown in Table 2 in FIG. 4C. As shown in Figures 4A-4C, there may be multiple helical segments and there may be multiple elliptical patterns intersecting different segments of the helical path.

5A-5C another example of a helical pathway comprising multiple helical pathway segments (A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6) with different growth factors is shown. In this example, the length of the helical segment A1 is 0.29 inches; Spiral segment A2 is 0.45 inches long; The length of the spiral segment A3 is 0.75 inches and the growth factor is 1.61. This growth factor of the different segments remains the same as the helical pathway grows and extends outward as shown in Table 3 in FIG. 5B. That is, the growth factor remains constant throughout the helical pathway (in this example, the growth factor is 1.61). This growth factor can be expressed as a geometric equation as shown in Table 4 in FIG. 5C. Thus, the growth of the helical pathway is organic and clean and can be expressed in equations as shown in the examples of FIGS. 4A-4C and 5A-5C. The spiral path gives the shoe's outsole a natural, organic look.

It should be understood that the origin of the helical path may be at a variety of locations. Referring to Figs. 6A-6D, the outsole of a right shoe 64 is shown comprising spiral paths overlapping each other as described above. In Fig. 6a, the origin 52 of the spiral path 54 is shown in the arch area 56 of the outsole. In FIG. 6B, the origin 58 of the spiral path 54 is shown in the central midfoot region of the outsole. 6C, the origin of the spiral path 54 is outside the outer edge 60 of the midfoot region of the outsole; In FIG. 6D , the origin 62 is shown in the midfoot region of the midsole, where the length of the helical segment and helical path is minimized 66 . The helical segments and helical paths shown in FIG. 6D are on a much smaller scale than the helical segments and helical paths shown in FIGS. 6A-6C.

Referring to FIG. 7 , the outsole of FIG. 6A is shown in more detail where the focal point 52 of the spiral path 54 is on the inner side and arch area of the outsole. Here, the intersection 68 between the different circular arc paths 54 and the creation of the four-sided tile fragment 70 is shown in more detail. The curved sub-segments 72, 73, 74, 75 of the spiral segments are joined together to create a substantially four-sided tile segment 70 in the outsole of a shoe. The intersections between the overlapping sets of spiral paths A and B form the corners of these tile segments (eg, the corners may be denoted as 76, 77, 78 and 79). These individual tile pieces 70 include different traction members (not shown in FIG. 7 ) as described further below.

As noted above, in one example, the outsole includes a first set of arcuate paths having a center point located on the medial surface of the forefoot region and extending generally longitudinally along the forefoot region. The radius of each arc path increases from the center point as the arc extends along the forefoot region. The second set of arc paths have a center point located at the posterior end of the forefoot region and extend along the forefoot region in a generally transverse direction. The radius of each arc path increases from the center point as the arc extends along the forefoot region.

When the first and second arc paths overlap each other, a four-sided tile piece is formed on the surface of the forefoot region. In one embodiment, the first and second arc paths of varying radii and intersections may be confined to the forefoot region. That is, in one embodiment, only the forefoot region may include a four-sided tile piece with protruding traction members. Other areas (eg, midfoot and hindfoot areas) may have no traction members or may include different configurations of traction members. In another embodiment, as described above, the overall outsole may include arcuate paths, intersections, and resulting four-sided tiles. In another embodiment, selected areas of the outsole other than the forefoot area may include arcuate paths, intersections and tile segments.

For example, the outsole may include a first set of arcuate paths having a center point located on the medial surface of the hindfoot region and extending generally longitudinally along the hindfoot region. The radius of each arc path increases from the center point as the arc extends along the hindfoot region. The second set of arc paths have a center point located at the posterior end of the hindfoot region and extend along the hindfoot region in a generally transverse direction. The radius of each arc path increases from the center point as the arc extends along the hindfoot region. When the first and second arc paths overlap each other, an intersection between the first and second set of arc paths is formed. The intersections form four-sided tile segments on the surface of the hindfoot region.

In general, the anatomy of the foot can be divided into three bony regions. The hindfoot region generally includes the ankle (talus) and heel (calcaneus) bones. The midfoot region includes the cuboid, cuneiform, and navicular bones that form the longitudinal arch of the foot. The forefoot region includes the metatarsal bones and toes. Referring again to FIG. 1 , the outsole 16 has an upper surface (not shown) and a lower surface 27 . The midsole 14 is coupled to the upper surface of the outsole 16 . Upper 12 is coupled to midsole 14 .

Referring to FIG. 8 , outsole 16 generally includes a forefoot region 80 for supporting the forefoot region; a midfoot region 82 for supporting the midfoot including the arch area; and a rear area 84 for supporting the hindfoot, including the heel area. Generally, the forefoot region 80 includes the portion of the outsole corresponding to the toes and joints connecting the metatarsal bones to the phalanges. Midfoot region 82 generally includes the portion of the outsole that corresponds to the arch region of the foot. The hindfoot region 84 generally includes the portion of the outsole corresponding to the posterior portion of the foot, including the calcaneus bone.

The outsole also includes an outer surface 86 and an inner surface 88 . An outer face 86 and an inner face 88 extend through respective foot regions 80, 82, 84 and correspond to opposite sides of the outsole. The outer surface or edge 86 of the outsole is the side corresponding to the outer area of the wearer's foot. The outer edge 86 is generally the side of the wearer's foot furthest away from the wearer's other foot (ie, it is the side closer to the fifth toe [little toe]). The medial side or edge 88 of the outsole is the side corresponding to the interior area of the wearer's foot. Medial edge 88 is generally the side of the wearer's foot closest to the wearer's other foot (ie, the side closer to the thumb [big toe]).

More specifically, the outer and inner surfaces extend around the periphery or perimeter 90 of the outsole 16 from the front end 92 to the rear end 94 of the outsole. The front end 92 is the portion of the outsole corresponding to the toe area, and the rear end 94 is the portion corresponding to the heel area. When measured in a linear direction from the outer or inner edge of the outsole toward the central area of the outsole, the peripheral area generally has a width of about 3 to about 6 mm. The width of the perimeter may vary along the contour of the outsole and may vary from the forefoot region 80 to the midfoot region 82 through the hindfoot region 84 .

The areas, sides and areas of the outsole as described above are not intended to demarcate the precise area of the outsole. Rather, these areas, sides and areas are intended to represent the general areas of the outsole. Upper 12 and midsole 14 also have these regions, sides, and regions. Each region, side and region may also include anterior and posterior sections.

forefoot area

As further shown in FIG. 8 , the forefoot region 80 of the outsole includes a first (outer) region of tile 96 that includes a protruding traction member 98 extending along the periphery of the forefoot region; a third (inner) region of tile 100 comprising protruding traction members 102 extending along opposite peripheries of the forefoot region; and a second (intermediate) zone of tiles 104 comprising a protruding traction member 106 disposed between the first zone and the third zone.

8, 9 and 9a, the traction member 98 of the first (outer) zone of the tile 96 has a triangular upper surface 108 comprising a concave area 109 and a non-concave area 110. ), the non-concave area 110 forms the ground plane, and the total ground plane area is in the range of about 10 to about 35% of the total surface area of the tile 70. In one preferred embodiment, the total tread area is in the range of about 17 to about 28%. These traction members 98 are primarily used for golf specific traction, i.e. they help control forefoot lateral traction and prevent foot slippage during golf shots.

For example, during normal golf play, golfers make shots with a variety of clubs. As golfers swing the club and transfer their weight when making a shot, the feet absorb a great deal of force. In many cases, when right-handed golfers are in position to hit the ball, their right and left feet are in a neutral position. As the golfer makes the backswing, the right foot presses down into the medial forefoot and heel area, and as the right knee remains flexed, the right foot creates torque with the ground to resist external foot rotation. When completing a shot, the golfer's left shoe rolls from the inside (inside) side of their left foot toward the outside (outside) side of their left foot. On the other hand, the right-footed shoe simultaneously bends to the forefoot and rotates inward as the heel lifts. As discussed above, significant pressure is applied to the outside of the foot at various stages of the golf shot cycle. In the present invention, the first section of the outsole is designed to provide support and stability to the side of the foot. That is, the first zone provides support around the outer edge of the outsole. This first zone helps grip and support the lateral surface of the golfer's foot as he/she shifts their weight when making a shot. The shoe provides good traction and control of lateral movement. Thus, golfers have better stability and balance in all phases of the game.

Next, referring to FIGS. 8, 10 and 10A, the traction member 106 of the second (intermediate) zone of the tile 104 has three sloped surfaces 113, 115, 117 extending from the pyramidal base and an apex ( 118), and the total tread area is in the range of about 5 to about 40% of the total surface area of the tile 70. In one preferred embodiment, the total tread area is in the range of about 12 to about 33%. Only one edge 118 of the traction member 106 is in contact with the ground so that the grip force per volume of tile 70 is maximized. These traction members 106 provide comfort and tend to distribute pressure from the middle (second) zone to the periphery of the sole, the outer (first) and inner (third) zones. These traction members 106 of the middle zone are relatively softer and more flexible than the traction members of the adjacent outer and inner zones. Thus, the middle zone acts as a comfort zone that relieves the pressure applied to the center of the outsole and presses it against the outer and inner surfaces of the outsole. Also, if sufficient shoe pressure is applied and the traction members 106 in the mid-section are compressed and flattened to a certain degree, these traction members will make relatively good contact with the ground and provide the desired grip.

Finally, referring to FIGS. 8, 11 and 11A, the traction member 102 of the third (inner) zone of the tile 100 has a triangular non-concave upper surface 114 forming the ground plane, and two With sloped surfaces 111 and 112, the total tread area is in the range of about 20 to about 60% of the total surface area of tile 70. In one preferred embodiment, the total tread area is in the range of about 27 to about 53%. These traction members 102 provide a high contact surface area to prevent slipping on hard, wet and smooth surfaces. Maximum contact by the traction member 102 is maintained in this third zone 100 . The traction member 102 also helps push water out of the shoe when a person follows a normal walking gait cycle, as described in more detail below.

Typically, when a person starts walking naturally, the outer portion of his/her heel strikes the ground first with the foot in a slightly supinated position. As the person shifts his/her weight to the forefoot, the arch of the foot flattens and the foot is pressed downward. The foot also begins to roll slightly inward to a pronated position. In some cases, the foot may roll inward to an excessive degree, and this type of gait is referred to as hyperpronation. In other cases, the foot does not roll inward to a sufficient extent, which is called under-pronation. Normal foot pressure is applied downward and the foot begins to move into its normal pronated position, which helps absorb shock. After the foot reaches this neutral (middle stance) position, the person heels off the ball of his/her foot and continues walking. At this point, the foot also rolls slightly outward again. The aforementioned traction members in the third (inner) zone of the tile are particularly effective in providing maximum contact with the ground to help prevent a person from slipping and losing balance when walking.

midfoot area

8, the midfoot region 82 of the outsole further includes a region 116 of tiles including protruding traction members 106 extending along the midfoot region, the traction members having a pyramidal shape. It has a three-sided pyramidal shape with an apex 118 and three sloped surfaces 113, 115, 117 extending from the base (see FIGS. 10 and 10A), the total tread area being equal to the total surface area of the tile 70. It is in the range of about 5% to about 40% on a basis. Thus, the traction member 106 in the midfoot region region of tile 116 is similar to the traction member 106 found in the second (middle) region of tile 104 located in forefoot region 80 . In one preferred embodiment, the total tread area is in the range of about 12 to about 33%. As mentioned above, these traction members 106 provide comfort and tend to distribute pressure from the central region of the midfoot region towards the peripheral edge of the outsole.

hindfoot area

Referring to the hindfoot region 84 and FIG. 8 , the traction members found in this region 84 are similar to the traction members found in the forefoot region 80 . However, the area of hindfoot region 84 is opposite to that of forefoot area 80 . Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 8 , a first (outer) region of tile 120 comprising protruding traction members 102 extending along the periphery of hindfoot region 84; a third (medial) region of tile 122 including protruding traction members 98 extending along opposing perimeters (medial surfaces) of hindfoot region 84; and a second (intermediate) section of tile 124 comprising a protruding traction member 106 disposed between the first section 120 and the third section 122 of the hindfoot.

First, the traction member 102 in the first (outer) area of the rear foot of the tile 120 has inclined surfaces 111 and 112 together with a triangular non-concave upper surface 114 forming a contact surface, and the total contact surface area is ranges from about 20 to about 60% of the total surface area of the silver tile 70 (see FIGS. 11 and 11A). Thus, the traction member 102 in the first (outer) region of the rearfoot of tile 120 is different from the traction member 102 found in the third (inner) region of tile 100 located in the forefoot region 80. similar. As noted above, these traction members 102 provide a high contact surface area to prevent slipping on hard, wet and smooth surfaces. Additionally, the horizontally oriented sidewalls of the traction members help prevent slipping when a golfer walks down a golf course ramp. Maximum contact by traction member 102 is maintained in this rearfoot first (outer) region of tile 120 and in the forefoot third (inner) region of tile 100 .

On the other hand, as also shown in FIG. 8 , the traction member 106 of the second (middle) zone of the rear foot of the tile 124 has three inclined surfaces 113, 115, 117 extending from the pyramidal base and an apex ( 118) (see FIGS. 10 and 10A ), and the total tread area is in the range of about 5 to about 40% of the total surface area of the tile 70 . Thus, the traction member 106 in the second (middle) region of the rearfoot of tile 124 is different from the traction member 106 found in the second (middle) region of tile 104 located in the forefoot region 80. similar. As mentioned above, these traction members 106 provide comfort and tend to distribute pressure from the middle region of the rearfoot area to the periphery of the sole.

Finally in FIG. 8 , the traction member 98 of the third (medial) zone of the hindfoot of the tile 122 has a triangular upper surface 108 comprising a concave area 109 and a non-concave area 110, The non-recessed area forms a ground plane (see FIGS. 9 and 9A ), and the total ground plane area is in the range of about 10 to about 35% of the total surface area of tile 70 . As noted above, these traction members 98 are primarily used for golf specific traction, i.e. they help control forefoot and hindfoot lateral traction and prevent foot slippage during play.

The aforementioned traction zones in the inventive shoe outsole help provide improved traction on all surfaces. Furthermore, because these shoes reduce turf breakage per amount of traction provided, they are optimally suited for use on golf courses. The shoe of the present invention helps prevent damage to the course turf, particularly the putting green. In contrast, many prior art golf shoes include traction members arranged in a linear or dual radial configuration. These traditional channeling outsole structures provide less traction per total traction member penetration area; This can cause more turf damage per amount of traction. Additionally, these conventional shoe outsoles may not have good traction on all surfaces. These channeling outsoles can provide less-than-optimal traction for the damage they create on the course. As shown in FIG. 12, this mowing effect for a prior art outsole comprising traction members 130 and channels 132 in a linear configuration (transverse rows along the longitudinal length of the outsole) is substantially It occurs in both the 90 degree (arrow C-90°) and 0 degree (arrow C-0°) directions. Next, as shown in FIG. 13, by means of the traction members 134 arranged in a circular pattern 136, 138 (double radial configuration) superimposed on the prior art outsole, in a 90 degree direction (arrow D-90). °), but there is significant turf breakage in the 0 degree direction (arrow D-0°). Referring to Figure 14, with the traction members 140 arranged in a concentric circular pattern, there are still channels in this geometry, and there may be ditches in various directions. For example, in the linear direction (arrow D-x°); and in the direction of rotation (arrow D-y°). Thus, as shown in FIG. 14, pitting can occur in both linear and arc patterns. In another example of a prior art outsole, as shown in FIG. 15 , the traction member 140 can be arranged in a single log helix and a channel is still created. With this geometric configuration, pitting occurs in substantially both the 90 degree (arrow D-90°) and 0 degree (arrow D-0°) directions.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 12, when traction members 130 are arranged in a collinear pattern and are in close proximity between the members, this tends to cause turf mowing. Second, the outsole structure of FIG. 12 includes linear channels 132 in which no traction members are positioned, and these channeling areas do not provide traction. Digging causes concentrated damage to the turf, but poor traction does not cause damage to the turf. However, turf digging and traction properties are relevant. If the shoe slides far enough for one traction member to reach the position of an adjacent traction member, traction will drop due to the traction member being pushed through weakened or damaged turf. This sliding of multiple traction members through the same turf causes turf breaking. On the other hand, linear channels do not provide any traction. Since these linear channels do not contain any traction members, the outsole (e.g. rubber material) directly contacts the ground and there is no grip strength.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 16 and described above, the traction members 140 of the outsole are arranged in an eccentric configuration and each adjacent traction member is located at a different radius from a given center of rotation. This results in improved traction for the shoe on all surfaces - no channeling and little or no turf digging for the amount of traction provided. The shoe outsole of the present invention does not have a linear channel construction with closely spaced traction members that can cause turf breakage. Rather, the shoe outsole of the present invention has traction members that provide optimum traction for a given number of traction members within the outsole. That is, these outsoles impart less damage to the golf course for a given amount of traction.

Another advantage of the shoe of the present invention is that it can be worn when participating in activities off the golf course. For example, the shoe can be worn as a casual "off-course" shoe in the clubhouse, office, home and other common places. On all floors and other surfaces, the outsole configuration has high traction per volume of traction member for the amount of traction provided. Moreover, the shoe is lightweight and comfortable, allowing it to be easily worn during walking and other activities. For example, the shoes may be worn while playing recreational sports such as tennis, squash, racquetball, street hockey, softball, soccer, football, rugby, and sailing. Thus, the shoe can be worn when engaging in many different activities on many different surfaces. The shoe provides inherent traction and grip strength on both hard and soft surfaces.

generally a) a forefoot region comprising first, second (intermediate) and third zones of tile having traction members; b) a midfoot region comprising a region of tile having a traction member; and c) a rearfoot region comprising first, second (middle) and third zones of tile having traction members. It should be understood that examples are given. As mentioned above, the unique pattern of the traction members in the outer, inner and middle zones provides improved traction on both hard and soft surfaces. This geometrical configuration of the traction member provides a shoe with high traction per volume of the traction member and minimum breaking characteristics for the amount of traction provided. However, it is recognized that other patterns of traction members may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Moreover, the traction members disposed in the outsole may have a different shape than the one described above to provide optimum traction given the number of traction members. That is, the outsole can include a wide range of traction members so that grip on a particular surface is maximized and less damage to that surface is done for the amount of traction provided. The traction member can have a number of different shapes including, but not limited to, annular, rectangular, triangular, square, spherical, elliptical, star, diamond, pyramidal, arrow, conical, bladed, and rod-shaped, for example. there is. Additionally, the height and area of the traction member per given tile on the outsole and the volume of the traction member can be adjusted as needed. As mentioned above, these different shaped traction members are arranged on the outsole in a non-channeled pattern. The different traction members of the non-channeling outsole and their unique pattern help provide a shoe with high traction and low turf breaking characteristics.

For example, referring to FIGS. 17A and 17B , two outsole configurations 142a and 142b with different sets of traction members are shown. In FIG. 17A, an outsole configuration 142a has a set of traction members 144 specifically designed to provide good traction on soft surfaces such as soccer pitches, lacrosse, rugby and soccer fields, and the like. These traction members 144 have specific shapes and dimensions to provide a high level of on-course stability and traction. This outsole configuration helps grip and support the inner and outer surfaces of the golfer's foot as he/she shifts their weight when making this golf shot. This shoe outsole 142a provides good traction, so there is no slippage and the golfer can maintain balance.

Referring to Figure 17b, the outsole configuration 142b provides high traction especially on hard, particularly soft, even more particularly hard, wet, and smooth surfaces, such as boat decks, polished concrete and marble floors in sidewalks, painted surfaces in sidewalks, and the like. It has a set of traction members 146 designed to provide These traction members 146 have specific shapes and dimensions to provide good grip strength and traction on various surfaces. For example, the shoes may be worn while walking, in the clubhouse, office and home, or during various recreational activities, as described above. The traction member 146 maintains high contact with the surface and provides stability. The traction member 146 helps prevent slipping on hard, wet and smooth surfaces.

The outsole 142a, 142b can have different traction members 144, 146, as shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, to provide resistance to on-course or off-course wear, ie both hard and soft surfaces. It should be understood that optimizing the outsole for However, in both outsole configurations 142a, 142b, the outsole generally has a tread pattern as described above: a) the forefoot region comprising first, second (middle) and third zones of tile with traction members. ; b) a midfoot region comprising a region of tile having a traction member; and c) a hindfoot region comprising first, second (intermediate) and third zones of tiles with traction members. That is, the types of traction members 144 and 146 of the outsole are different; The geometry of the traction member is similar to the non-channeled pattern described above. Non-channeled pattern. This pattern provides a shoe with high traction per volume of the traction member and minimal turf breaking characteristics for the amount of traction provided.

As discussed above, there is a need to provide an outsole structure capable of achieving high traction on robust, particularly hard, wet and smooth surfaces such as boat decks, polished concrete and marble floors, painted surfaces of sidewalks, and the like. These surfaces may be referred to as "off-course" surfaces. At the same time, there is a need for an outsole structure that provides high traction on a variety of natural grass surfaces, particularly golf courses. Such shoes may be referred to as "on-course" surfaces. The present invention provides such a multi-surface traction (MST) outsole structure.

More specifically, for multi-surface traction (MST) shoes, the horizontal contact area ratio (HCAR) and vertical contact area ratio (VCAR) of the outsole structure should be considered. These rates can be applied to any portion of the net outsole area. For purposes of this discussion, "net" area refers to the area of a designated portion of the outsole projected vertically onto the surface of the foundation. HCAR refers to the ratio of the total horizontal surface contact area between a traction member and a hard, smooth surface with respect to any designated portion of an outsole area divided by the total net area of that same designated portion of the outsole area. VCAR refers to the ratio of the total vertical surface contact area between the ground and the portion of each traction member area penetrating into the foundation and perpendicular to the direction of the horizontal ground reaction force divided by the total net area of the same designated portion of the outsole area. As the traction member of the outsole penetrates the ground (eg, natural soft and hard grass, soil, sand, clay, etc.), a vertical contact area is created between the side of the traction member and the ground.

HCAR

In some cases, it is desirable to maximize the HCAR of a shoe. For example, an “off-course” shoe may have a high HCAR. These outsole structures typically attempt to maximize contact with a smoother and harder surface, thus providing a greater surface area and greater friction between the outsole and the surface. This helps improve the slip resistance properties of the outsole. For example, outsoles comprising block-like traction members are known in the art. Typically, these block-shaped traction members have a relatively large width and a relatively low height, so they can better grip hard surfaces. The traction members are densely packed so that the spatial separation between neighboring traction members is small. These outsole structures and traction members are generally constructed of rubber materials. These block-type traction members are not easily compressed and generally have good bending resistance and therefore do not collapse when horizontal forces are generated between the footwear and the base. In a sense, these block-like traction members contact and "ride" on a hard surface to provide grip strength between the shoe and the surface.

VCAR

In some cases, it is desirable to maximize the VCAR of a shoe. These outsole structures attempt to maximize penetration of the ground and thus greater traction. For example, outsoles that include thin peg-like cleats are known in the art. Typically, these peg-shaped traction members have a relatively large height and relatively small cross-sectional area, so that they can penetrate the ground better. These outsole structures and traction members are often constructed from thermoplastic polyurethane materials.

For illustrative purposes, the VCAR of any given traction member can be considered rectangular. First, if the traction member has a relatively large length (height), the traction member will penetrate the ground more deeply and provide greater traction than a traction member with a relatively short length (height). The length of the rectangle increased, and thus the VCAR increased. In general, a longer, thinner, peg-shaped traction member will penetrate the ground more easily than a shorter, wider, blade-like traction member. This is due to the greater pressure acting on the small cross-sectional area of the long thin peg-shaped traction member.

A high HCAR outsole tread pattern is typically not a high VCAR outsole tread pattern and vice versa. Many conventional golf shoes emphasize on-course playability and sacrifice off-course slip resistance or emphasize better off-course traction and sacrifice on-course performance. It is common knowledge that conventional golf shoes cannot achieve both on-course playability and off-course grip.

In contrast to these conventional on-course and off-course shoes that compromise certain properties against others, the inventors have developed a balanced shoe that optimally combines a high slip resistance surface and high ground penetration/traction properties. The shoe of the present invention has both desirable on-course and off-course properties. Further, the shoe of the present invention does not seriously damage the turf of a golf course, particularly the putting green as further described below.

geometric pattern on the outsole

The inventive outsole is optimized for multi-surface traction by providing a localized outsole tread pattern that aligns with the functional foot anatomy and the swing requirements of a golf club as well as walking on smooth, hard, wet surfaces. The outsole generally includes a) a forefoot region comprising first, second (middle) and third zones of tile having traction members; b) a midfoot region comprising a region of tile having a traction member; and c) a tread pattern having a rearfoot region comprising first, second (intermediate) and third zones of tile with traction members.

The traction members are arranged in an eccentric arcuate configuration, with each adjacent traction member positioned at a different radius from a given center of rotation. This results in improved traction for the shoe on all surfaces (MST) - no channeling and little or no turf mowing for the amount of traction provided as described above. Different types of traction members may be used, for example the traction members may be relatively short, wide and have a blade-like structure. However, the geometrical pattern of the traction member is similar to the non-channeled pattern described above. The shoe outsole of the present invention does not have a linear channel construction with closely spaced traction members that can cause turf breakage. This non-channeled pattern helps provide a shoe with high traction per volume of the traction member and minimal turf breaking characteristics for the amount of traction provided.

Material properties and geometry of traction members

Referring to Figure 30, one embodiment of the traction member of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the tile structure 154 positioned on the outsole 16 includes a first protruding traction member 162b; an opposing second protruding traction member 162a; and a non-protruding base segment (window) 163 disposed between the first and second traction members 162b and 162a.

Traction members of the present invention can have a variety of sizes, shapes and/or material properties. For example, different traction members may include some traction members being relatively rigid and rigid; Different traction members may have separate and distinct material properties such that they are relatively soft and flexible. The traction member may also have different dimensions (eg, the length or height of the traction member may vary); Traction members can have different shapes and geometries.

For example, the first traction member 162b may be made from a relatively hard first thermoplastic polyurethane composition having a hardness greater than 80 Shore A; The second traction member 162a may be made from a relatively soft second thermoplastic polyurethane composition having a hardness of 80 Shore A or less. These first and second traction members 162b, 162a may be made from commercially available polyurethane compositions such as Estane® TRX thermoplastic polyurethane available from Lubrizol Corporation, for example.

By varying the stiffness of the different traction members, each traction member can be tuned to respond differently when it contacts the ground. The traction member is configured to deform differently when pressed against the ground. For example, one traction member may have a relatively low hardness that is optimal for maximizing traction on hard, wet surfaces; The second traction member may have a relatively high hardness, making it optimal for maximizing traction with soft natural grass. The hardness of the second traction member is preferably greater than the hardness of the first traction member. For example, the hardness of the second traction member may be at least 5% greater than the hardness of the first traction member. In some embodiments, the hardness of the second traction member may be at least 10% or 15% greater; In other embodiments it may be at least 20% or 25% greater.

The traction member may also have various dimensions. For example, in one embodiment, such as that shown in FIGS. 29 and 30 , the length (height) of the relatively stiff traction member 162b and the length (height) of the relatively soft traction member 162a are substantially the same. For example, the relatively rigid and soft traction member heights may range from about 2 mm to about 6 mm. Preferably, the height of the relatively rigid and soft traction members may range from about 2.5 mm to about 4.5 mm.

In the second embodiment, the height of the relatively hard traction member is greater than the height of the relatively soft traction member. For example, the height of a relatively stiff traction member may range from about 2 mm to about 6 mm; The height of the relatively soft traction member may range from about 1.75 mm to about 5.75 mm. Preferably, the difference between traction member heights may range from about 0 mm to about 6 mm. In this way, the rigid traction member makes contact with the ground and penetrates grass and soil more easily. On the other hand, a relatively soft traction member makes contact with the ground, compresses more easily, and helps provide some flexibility to the shoe. This outsole structure is particularly effective for on-course use.

In another embodiment, the height of the relatively hard traction member is less than the height of the relatively soft traction member. For example, the relatively soft traction member height can range from about 2 mm to about 6 mm; The height of the relatively stiff traction member may range from about 1.75 mm to about 5.75 mm. Preferably, the difference between traction member heights may range from about 0 mm to about 6 mm.

By varying the length (height) of the different traction members, each traction member can be adjusted to penetrate different depths when in contact with the ground. For example, in one embodiment, the first traction member may have a relatively greater height optimized for deep penetration into the ground. On the other hand, the second traction member may have a relatively smaller height optimized to ride on a surface or penetrate the ground to a shallow extent.

Traction members can have a variety of sizes and shapes. The outsole structure 16 of the present invention may include a wide variety of traction members so that grip on a particular surface is maximized and less damage is done to that surface for a given amount of traction. The traction member can have a number of different shapes including, but not limited to, annular, rectangular, triangular, square, spherical, elliptical, star, diamond, pyramidal, arrow, conical, bladed, and rod-shaped, for example. there is. Additionally, the height and area of the traction member and the volume of the traction member per given tile structure on the outsole can be adjusted as needed. For example, in one embodiment as shown in FIGS. 29 and 30 , the first traction member 162b may have three side walls with slopes and a triangular non-concave upper surface forming a ground contact surface. The second traction member 162a may also have three side walls with inclined surfaces and a triangular non-concave top surface of a larger size than the first traction member. The traction tile structure 154 includes a flexible window 163 disposed between the first and second traction members 162b and 162a; and a surrounding rigid base material 220 as further described below.

The total tread area is preferably in the range of about 5 to about 80% based on the total surface area of the traction tile structure. That is, the first and second traction members contact the ground surface such that the total ground surface area is preferably within the range of about 5 to about 80% of the total surface area of the tile. In one preferred embodiment, the total ground plane area is in the range of about 10 to about 70%, and in another preferred embodiment the total ground plane area is in the range of about 20 to about 60%. In another preferred embodiment, the total ground plane area is in the range of about 15% to about 55%. A flat base segment (window) 163 of the traction tile structure positioned between the first and second traction members 162b and 162a constitutes about 1% to about 70% of the tiles. In some cases, window 163 can make up about 70 to about 100% of the traction tile structure, as shown in FIG. 18 , where no traction members are present in tile structure 156 .

traction zone

Referring to FIG. 18 , outsole 16 generally includes a forefoot region 80 supporting the forefoot region; midfoot region 82 supporting the midfoot including the arch area; and a posterior region 84 supporting the hindfoot including the heel region. Generally, the forefoot region 80 includes the portion of the outsole corresponding to the toes and the joints connecting the metatarsal bones to the phalanges. Midfoot region 82 generally includes the portion of the outsole that corresponds to the arch region of the foot. The hindfoot region 84 generally includes the portion of the outsole corresponding to the posterior portion of the foot, including the calcaneus.

The outsole also includes an outer surface 86 and an inner surface 88 . An outer face 86 and an inner face 88 extend through respective foot regions 80, 82, 84 and correspond to opposite sides of the outsole. The outer surface or edge 86 of the outsole is the side corresponding to the outer area of the wearer's foot. The outer edge 86 is generally the side of the wearer's foot furthest from the wearer's other foot (ie, it is the side closer to the fifth toe [little toe]). The medial side or edge 88 of the outsole is the side corresponding to the interior area of the wearer's foot. Medial edge 88 is generally the side of the wearer's foot closest to the wearer's other foot (ie, the side closer to the thumb [big toe]).

More specifically, the outer and inner surfaces extend around the periphery or perimeter 90 of the outsole 16 from the front end 92 to the rear end 94 of the outsole. The front end 92 is the portion of the outsole corresponding to the toe area, and the rear end 94 is the portion corresponding to the heel area.

The areas, regions and zones of an outsole as described above are not intended to demarcate the precise area of an outsole. Rather, these regions, regions and zones are intended to represent the general area of an outsole. Upper 12 and midsole 14 also have such regions, regions, and zones. Each region, region and region may also include anterior and posterior sections.

hindfoot area

18 and 18A, referring to hindfoot region 84, the traction tile structure found in this zone "G" includes a first protruding traction member; opposing second protruding traction members; and a non-protruding flexible window disposed between the first and second traction members. More specifically, the two traction tile structures in region G are shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 19 . In this example, the first traction member 152b is relatively rigid and may be made, for example, of a rigid first thermoplastic polyurethane composition. In one embodiment, the rigid thermoplastic polyurethane composition has a hardness greater than 70 Shore A. The second traction member 152a is relatively soft and may be made, for example, of a soft second thermoplastic polyurethane composition. In one embodiment, the soft second thermoplastic composition has a hardness of 70 Shore A or less. A flexible window 153 is disposed between the first and second traction members 152b and 152a.

The first and second traction members 152b, 152a have an inclined surface 112 together with a triangular non-concave upper surface 114 forming a contact surface. Preferably, the total tread area is in the range of about 10 to about 70 percent of the total surface area of the tile. These traction members in zone G (crash-pad) provide a high contact surface area to prevent slipping on hard, wet and smooth surfaces. That is, these traction members provide a "crash pad" for the outsole; They have a relatively wide tread and a relatively high horizontal contact area ratio (HCAR). Maximum contact by the traction member is maintained in the hindfoot region of this tile. Also in region G, the horizontal sidewalls of the traction member help prevent the golfer from slipping when he or she is walking down a golf slope or simply when the golfer is walking on any surface.

As also shown in FIG. 18A, Zones A and F are located in the hindfoot region 84, and the traction tile structure in these zones also includes a first protruding traction member; opposing second protruding traction members; and a non-protruding flexible window disposed between the first and second traction members. For example, the first traction member 162b can be relatively rigid, and can be made, for example, of a rigid first thermoplastic polyurethane composition. The second traction member 162a is relatively soft and can be made, for example, of a soft second thermoplastic polyurethane composition. In one embodiment, the flexible thermoplastic polyurethane composition has a hardness of 70 Shore A or less. A flexible window 163 is disposed between the first and second traction members. These traction members 162a, 162b have a pyramidal shape with an inclined surface 112 and a triangular non-concave upper surface 114 forming a ground contact surface. In one embodiment, the total tread area is in the range of about 1 to about 70% based on the total surface area of the traction tile structure.

When a golfer shifts his/her weight by swinging the club, the foot absorbs a great deal of force. For example, when a right-handed golfer first puts his/her foot down before beginning any club swing motion (i.e., when getting into position to strike a ball), their body weight shifts to their lead foot. foot (front foot) and trail foot (back foot). As the golfer initiates the backswing (upswing), the weight shifts primarily to the back foot. At the start of the downswing, significant pressure is applied to the back foot. Thus, the rear foot may be referred to as the drive foot and the front foot may be referred to as the stationary foot. As the golfer follows through on the swing (downswing) and drives the ball, his weight is transferred from the driving foot to the leading (fixed) foot. During the swing motion, there is a slight pivot in the hind and forefoot, but this pivot motion must be controlled. It is important that your feet do not move or slip substantially when you hit the shot. Good foot traction during the golf upswing and downswing is important.

The traction members in zones A and F as described above have vertical sidewalls that help manage the strong horizontal forces exerted against the outsole during the golf swing, particularly during the golf upswing, resulting in more resistance/traction. The traction members in Zones C and E, located in the forefoot region and detailed below, also help stabilize the foot against this pressure, providing greater resistance/traction during the golf swing.

midfoot area

As also shown in FIGS. 18 and 18A , the midfoot region 82 of the outsole 16 further includes a traction tile structure extending along this region, which may be referred to as Zone “B”. More specifically, the two traction tile structures of zone B are shown in an enlarged manner in FIG. 20 . In this example, the first traction member 165b is relatively rigid and may be made, for example, of a rigid first thermoplastic polyurethane composition. In one embodiment, the rigid thermoplastic polyurethane composition has a hardness greater than 70 Shore A. The second traction member 165a is relatively soft and may be made, for example, of a soft second thermoplastic polyurethane composition. A flexible window 163 is disposed between the first and second traction members. In some cases, window 163 can make up about 70 to about 100% of the traction tile structure, where no traction members are present in tile structures 156 and 156 . In addition, in the midfoot region 82, there may be a visible logo 158, which may be made of a variety of materials, preferably thermoplastic polyurethane. Also, a shank (footbridge) 159 may be included in the outsole 16 . Consequently, this outsole 16 with high mechanical strength properties provides greater stability and balance to the golfer while walking the course.

These traction members also have a pyramidal shape with an inclined surface 112 and a triangular non-concave top surface 114 forming a ground contact surface. In one embodiment, the total tread area is in the range of about 1 to about 60% based on the total surface area of the traction tile structure. In one preferred embodiment, the total tread area is in the range of about 5% to about 50%. These traction members within the midfoot region 82 provide comfort and tend to distribute pressure from the central region of the midfoot region towards the peripheral edge of the outsole 16 .

forefoot area

As also shown in FIGS. 18 and 18A , the forefoot region 80 of the outsole 16 has a first (inner) zone of tile (zone "C") comprising a traction tile structure extending along the periphery of the forefoot region. "); a second zone of tiles (zone “D”) comprising the traction tile structure disposed in a forward portion of the forefoot region; and a third (outer) zone (zone “E”) comprising raised traction tile structures extending along opposite peripheries of the forefoot region.

Referring to FIG. 21, the traction tile structure of this inner zone C includes first and second traction members 172b and 172a having an inclined surface 112 and a triangular non-concave upper surface 114 forming a ground contact surface. is shown to have A flexible window 173 is disposed between the first and second traction members. In this example, the first traction member 172b is relatively rigid and may be made, for example, of a rigid first thermoplastic polyurethane composition. In one embodiment, the rigid thermoplastic polyurethane composition has a hardness greater than 70 Shore A. The second traction member 172a is relatively soft and may be made, for example, of a soft second thermoplastic polyurethane composition. In one embodiment, the flexible thermoplastic polyurethane composition has a hardness of 70 Shore A or less. Preferably, the total tread area is in the range of about 10 to about 70% based on the total surface area of the traction tile structure. These traction members are placed under the ball of the foot, which is a high pressure area.

Referring to FIG. 22 , an enlarged view of the traction tile elements in the front zone D is shown. These first and second traction members 182b, 182a also have an inclined surface 112 and a triangular non-concave upper surface 114 forming a contact surface. A flexible window 183 is disposed between the first and second traction members. In this example, the first traction member 182b is relatively rigid and may be made of, for example, a rigid first thermoplastic polyurethane composition having a hardness as described above. The second traction member 182a is relatively soft and may be made from, for example, a soft second thermoplastic polyurethane composition having a hardness as described above. Preferably, the total tread area is in the range of about 10 to about 70% based on the total surface area of the traction tile structure. These traction members are located under the toe of the foot and help provide good traction and toe push-off.

Referring to FIG. 23 , an enlarged view of the traction tile members in outer zone E is shown. These first and second traction members 192b, 192a also have inclined surfaces 111, 112 and a triangular non-concave upper surface 114 forming a contact surface. A flexible window 193 is disposed between the first and second traction members. In this example, the first traction member 192b is relatively rigid and may be made of, for example, a rigid first thermoplastic polyurethane composition having a hardness as described above. The second traction member 192a is relatively soft and may be made of, for example, a soft second thermoplastic polyurethane composition having a hardness as described above. Preferably, the total tread area is in the range of about 10 to about 70 percent of the total surface area of the tile.

The traction tile structures in Zone C (inner) and Zone E (outer) are primarily used for golf-specific traction, i.e. these traction members help control forefoot lateral and medial traction and prevent foot slipping during golf shots . As discussed above, significant pressure is applied to the outside of the foot at various stages of the golf shot swing. In the present invention, zones C and E of the outsole 16 are designed to provide support and stability to the side of the foot. In particular, as the golfer follows through on his swing (downswing) and drives the ball, his weight is transferred from the back foot (drive foot) to the front foot (fixed foot). During the swing motion, there is a slight pivot in the hind and forefoot, but this pivot motion must be controlled. Zones C and E help maintain and support the lateral and medial surfaces of the golfer's foot as he/she shifts his or her weight when making a shot. Thus, golfers have better stability and balance in all phases of the game. The traction members in zones C and E have vertical sidewalls that help manage strong horizontal forces applied against the outsole during the golf swing, particularly during the golf downswing, resulting in greater resistance/traction. The traction members in Zones A and F, located within the hindfoot region and detailed above, also help stabilize the foot against this pressure, thus providing greater resistance/traction during the golf swing.

At the same time, zones D, E and C within the forefoot region have good active phase thrust generation, so the golfer can push off his foot better. These features assist the golfer in performing play and walking the course. Golfers can comfortably and naturally engage in golf specific activities. All of these different traction members in the outsole help impart a high degree of stability and traction as well as high flexibility to the golf shoe of the present invention. The unique geometry and structure of upper 12, midsole 14, and outsole 16, including traction members, provide a shoe with many beneficial properties to the golfer.

24-27, outsole 16 and midsole 14 structures are shown in more detail. As noted above, the outsole 16 is designed to provide stability and traction for the shoe. The lower surface of the outsole 16 includes a number of traction members, generally indicated at 200 in FIGS. 25-27, to provide traction between the shoe and the grass on the course. The lower surface of the outsole 16 and the traction member 200 may be made of any suitable material such as rubber or plastic and combinations thereof as discussed above. The midsole 14 is relatively lightweight and provides cushioning to the shoe. Midsole 14 may be made of a midsole material such as, for example, a foamed ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or a foamed polyurethane composition. In one preferred embodiment, midsole 14 is constructed using a foam blend composition of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and polyolefin, as further described below. For example, commercially available foam blend compositions such as Engage® PO-EVA available from Dow Chemical Company may be used. Different foaming additives and catalysts are used to produce EVA foam. The EVA blend foam composition provides this with excellent cushioning and shock absorption; high water and moisture resistance; and long-term durability, making them particularly suitable for constructing midsoles. 25-27 , midsole 14 is shown having a lower region 205 and an upper region 210 . These lower and upper regions 205 and 210 may be made of the same or different materials. For example, one area can be made of a relatively rigid foamed EVA composition; Other areas may be made of a relatively soft, foamed EVA composition. Lower region 205 forms the sidewalls of the midsole, these rigid and strong sidewalls help hold and support the medial and lateral surfaces of the golfer's foot as the golfer shifts his or her weight when making a golf shot. In this embodiment of the present invention, the outsole structure 16 is a dual grid structure comprising relatively rigid traction members and relatively soft traction members, as further described below.

More specifically, referring to FIG. 28 , an outsole section comprising a rigid thermoplastic polyurethane traction member 220; an outsole section comprising a soft thermoplastic polyurethane traction member 215; and midsole section 205 is shown in an exploded view. In one manufacturing process, the midsole 14 may be molded as an individual piece and then joined to the upper surface of the outsole by sewing, adhesive, or other suitable means using standard techniques known in the art. For example, midsole 14 may be thermally pressed and bonded to the upper surface of outsole 16 . The outsole may be molded using a "two-shot" mold, wherein the rigid thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) used to manufacture the outsole section comprising the rigid thermoplastic polyurethane traction member is first injected into the furnace mold; The soft thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) used to manufacture the outsole section comprising the soft traction member is injected into the mold a second time. In one embodiment, a harder thermoplastic polyurethane is molded over a softer thermoplastic polyurethane to provide a U-beam like structure with high structural capability. The hard thermoplastic polyurethane provides a protective shell around the softer thermoplastic polyurethane. This double grid construction of the outsole helps provide high structural support and mechanical strength. The double grid structure has high structural rigidity, but without sacrificing flexibility as described further below.

29 and 30, the traction tile segment 220 includes a first protruding traction member; opposing second protruding traction members; and a non-protruding horizontal base segment (window) disposed between the first and second traction members. The first traction member 162b is relatively rigid and the second traction member 162a is relatively soft. An open window 163 provides an inflection point between the two traction members. As shown in FIG. 32, these inflection points 195 are oriented in various directions across the double grid structure. Flex points 195 have different axes, which gives the double grid structure a 360 degree (360°) flex feel. flex points 195 form discrete flex zones throughout the outsole; As a result, the outsole 16 can flex slightly in multiple directions, as opposed to many traditional shoes that flex in only a single direction. The outsole 16 of the present invention does not have a hinge point at which the main section of the outsole bends; Rather, the outsole has many small flex points oriented at many different angles. Therefore, the outsole 16 provides a 360-degree (360°) bending feeling to the person wearing the shoe. The inventive outsole provides an optimal combination of structural rigidity and flexibility.

As shown in Figures 29 and 30, the first traction member 162b has a side wall with an inclined surface and a triangular non-concave top surface forming a ground contact surface. The second traction member 162a may also have a side wall with an inclined surface and a triangular non-concave top surface of a larger size than the first traction member. The flat surfaces help provide a relatively high horizontal contact area ratio (HCAR), and the sidewalls help provide a relatively high vertical contact area ratio (VCAR).

Referring to Figures 33a, 33b, 33c and 33d, the horizontal and vertical sidewalls of the traction member in the outsole 16 also provide other benefits for the traction member in different areas. For example, as shown in FIG. 33A, in zone G (impact pad) of the heel region, the horizontal sidewall of the traction member is such that the golfer is walking down a golf slope or simply walking on-course or off-course. Helps prevent him/her from slipping when present. In FIG. 33B, the vertical sidewalls of zones A, C, E, and F also support the feet against horizontal pressures and forces (shown by directional arrows in FIG. 33B) exerted on the feet, particularly during the golf backswing (upswing). help stabilize In FIG. 33C, the horizontal sidewalls of zone D help provide good traction and prevent slipping, especially when golfers are walking up the golf slope or simply walking on-course or off-course. Golfers wearing the shoes can comfortably walk and play the course. The shoe 10 has high forefoot flexibility, but without sacrificing stability, traction, and other important properties. Finally, referring to FIG. 33D, the opposing vertical sidewalls of zones A, C, E, and F are susceptible to significant horizontal pressure and forces (shown by directional arrows in FIG. 33D) against the feet, especially during the golf downswing. Helps stabilize the foot against the Zones A, C, E and F are golf specific zones that provide support and stability to the sides of the foot so that the golfer does not slip during the golf swing. A golfer needs a stable platform so that he/she can keep his/her balance when performing the swing action. At the same time, golfers wearing the shoes can comfortably walk and play the course. The shoes are lightweight and comfortable so they can be easily worn while walking and in other activities. A person can easily and comfortably put on a shoe off the golf course. The shoe has high flexibility, but without sacrificing stability, traction, and other important properties. As mentioned above, the horizontal contact area ratio (HCAR) is the specific outsole traction for walking on hard, flat surfaces, especially "off-course" surfaces, such as boat decks, polished concrete and marble floors, painted surfaces of sidewalks, etc. optimized in the area. In the remaining outsole traction zones, the HCAR is managed and adjusted so that the maximum VCAR (Vertical Contact Area Ratio) can be reached for a given HCAR.

The shoe of the present invention has an optimal combination of structural rigidity and flexibility. The unique geometry, materials, and construction of the upper 12, midsole 14, and outsole 16, including traction members, provide the golfer with a multi-surface (MST) shoe. The shoe of the present invention is robust and achieves high traction, especially on hard, wet and smooth "off-course" surfaces. The shoes also provide high traction on a variety of natural grass surfaces, particularly golf courses or "on-course" surfaces.

sole with heel

Referring now to FIGS. 34-36 , as described above, outsole 16 generally includes a forefoot region 80 for supporting the forefoot region; a midfoot region 82 for supporting the midfoot including the arch area; and a rear area 84 for supporting the hindfoot including the heel area. Generally, the forefoot region 80 includes the portion of the outsole corresponding to the toes and the joints connecting the metatarsal bones to the phalanges. Midfoot region 82 generally includes the portion of the outsole that corresponds to the arch region of the foot. The hindfoot region 84 generally includes the portion of the outsole corresponding to the posterior portion of the foot, including the calcaneus. The forefoot region 80 and back region 84 include the tile structure 154 as described above, while the midfoot region includes the heel step region 300 . The tile structure 154 shown in FIGS. 34-36 is provided as described with respect to FIGS. 18-33D. Alternatively, it will be appreciated that the traction member could also be provided as described above and shown in FIGS. 1 to 17 . 34-36, the heel step area 300 slopes upward from and away from the outermost portion of the tile structure where the tile structure 154 contacts the ground, away from the forefoot area 80 in the midfoot. It extends through the subregion 82 to the rear region 84 and is provided. As is known in the art, heel step 300 slopes to a maximum height 301 of about 5 mm to about 20 mm, preferably 8 to 17 mm. It will be appreciated that the heel step area 300 has any tile structure 154 without contacting the ground. Typically, this heel step area 300 is provided on golf shoes having a more traditional classic dress design for the upper.

34-37, the tile structure 154 positioned on the outsole 16 includes a first protruding traction member 302b; an opposing second protruding traction member 302a; and a non-protruding base segment (window) 303 disposed between the first and second traction members 302b and 302a. As previously described, the traction member of the present embodiment may have a variety of sizes, shapes and/or material properties. In this embodiment, preferably, the first traction member 302b may be made of a relatively hard first thermoplastic polyurethane composition having a hardness greater than 80 Shore A; The second traction member 302a may be made of a relatively soft second thermoplastic polyurethane composition having a hardness of 80 Shore A or less. These first and second traction members 302b, 302a may be made of a commercially available polyurethane composition, such as, for example, Estane® TRX thermoplastic polyurethane available from Lubrizol Corporation. Also, as previously described, the traction members 302b and 302a may also have various dimensions. In this embodiment, the length (height) of the relatively stiff traction member 302b and the length (height) of the relatively soft traction member 302a are substantially the same. For example, the relatively rigid and soft traction member heights may range from about 2 mm to about 6 mm. Preferably, the height of the relatively rigid and soft traction members may range from about 2.5 mm to about 4.5 mm.

Outsole with spiked heel

Referring now to FIGS. 37-42C , the embodiment shown in FIGS. 34-36 has an outsole 16 that includes a spike receptacle 306 for receiving a spike 308 . 37 and 38 show the placement of the spike receptacle 306 on the outsole 16 . In general, five spike receptacles 306 are disposed in the forefoot region 80 and four spike receptacles 306 are disposed in the hindfoot region 84 . However, it will be appreciated that any number or arrangement of spike receptacles 306 may be used. A spike receptacle 306 is molded and attached to the outsole 16 . The spike 308 is secured to the outsole 16 and can be easily removed therefrom. As is known in the art, spike 308 can be inserted and secured to spike receptacle 306 with a slight clockwise twist and removed with a slight counterclockwise twist. Referring now to FIGS. 39-41 , a spike 308 is shown secured to a spike receptacle 306 provided in the outsole 16 . It will be appreciated that any spike that may be suitable for use in golf may be attached to the spike receptacle. Typically, the spike 308 will have a rounded base 310 with a radial arm 312 having a traction protrusion 314 in contact with the ground.

Referring now to FIGS. 42A-42C , placement of spikes 308 relative to base segment 303 with tile structure 154 , specifically hard traction member 302b and soft traction member 302a , is shown. 42A shows the midsole 14 and outsole 16 with the tile structure 154 and spikes 308 without any load applied thereon by the golfer. As shown, the height of the relatively stiff traction member 302b is greater than the height of the relatively soft traction member 302a by an offset 316. For example, the height of the relatively stiff traction member 302b may range from about 2 mm to about 6 mm; The height of the relatively soft traction member 302a may range from about 1.75 mm to about 5.75 mm. Preferably, the offset 316 between traction member heights ranges from about 0 mm to about 6 mm. More preferably, the offset 316 between the heights of the rigid and soft traction members is between about 0.25 mm and 1 mm. Figure 42b shows the outsole 16 with the tile structure 154 and the spikes 308 with respect to the ground g, without any load or pressure applied. 42C shows the outsole 16 with the spike 308 and the tile structure 154 on the ground (g) with a load applied on the outsole, such as when a golfer puts his or her weight on the outsole 16. show about When a load is applied to the outsole 16, the spikes 308 flex and expand outward, causing the radial arms 312 to move outwardly and upwardly. At the same time, the harder traction member 302b penetrates the ground g more than the softer traction member 302a or spike 308. In this way, the rigid traction member 302b makes contact with the ground and penetrates grass and soil more easily. On the other hand, the relatively soft traction member 302a makes contact with the ground, compresses more easily, and helps provide some flexibility to the shoe. Accordingly, this outsole structure combining both the tile structure 154 and the spike 308 is particularly effective for on-course use.

golf course grass

One problem with conventional golf shoes is that they can cause damage to the grass on the golf course, particularly on the putting green. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION There are many different grasses used throughout a golf course depending on the course area, for example the tee box, fairway, rough, or putting green. Also, different pools are used based on factors such as geographic area, climate, availability of water and irrigation systems, and soil type. For example, many northern golf courses use Bentgrass on their putting greens, and many southern golf courses use Bermuda grass on their putting greens. Some older courses use ryegrass or poa anna (annual bluegrass) for their greens. All lawn grasses are generally strong and can withstand some foot traffic; Some conventional golf shoes are more likely to damage the turf of a golf course. Massive damage to the putting green is a special problem.

Generally, golf shoe spikes may be made of metal or plastic materials. One problem with metal spikes, however, is that they are generally elongated segments with downward-extending, sharp points that can break through the ground sharply and tear through turf. These metal spikes can leave spike holes or other marks on the putting green. These metal spikes can also cause damage to other surfaces on golf courses, such as carpets and floors in clubhouses. Currently, most golf courses require golfers to use non-metallic spikes. Plastic spikes usually have a round base on one side and a center stud. On the other side of the round base, there are radial arms with traction projections for contact with the ground. Threads are spaced around the studs on the spikes to be inserted into the threaded receptacle of the outsole of the shoe. These plastic spikes, which can be easily attached and subsequently removed from locking receptacles on the outsole, cause less damage to grass and putting green and clubhouse floor surfaces. Additionally, many conventional shoes with these interchangeable plastic cleats have very aggressive designs. These cleats have long protruding arms and teeth that can penetrate into the ground and potentially damage the canopy and root network of the turf.

Generally, weed growth originates from the crown of the weed. Crowns grow at ground level where grass shoots out and roots meet. New blades of grass continue to grow to replace the fallen blades of grass, and this growth begins in the canopy. The roots nourish the canopy and anchor the weed. Root networks can be complex and many roots tend to extend horizontally. First, when the cleats of some conventional golf shoes penetrate the soil, the cleats damage the water pipe portion. As the cleats penetrate deeper into the soil, they rupture the roots. This cutting and shearing action damages the root structure. Roots are pulled in different directions. If damage to the crown and roots is severe enough, the grass will die.

The outsole structure of the present invention includes a traction member that provides good traction on various grasses of a golf course. At the same time, the traction member of the present invention tends to penetrate the ground to a relatively shallow extent. The traction members of the present invention do not damage the grass to the point where they can completely destroy the structure of the plant. The outsole structure and traction member of the present invention can be considered "green-friendly" due to its putting green non-damaging properties.

Upper and midsole structure

Referring back to FIG. 31 , this embodiment of a shoe includes an upper portion and an outsole portion with a midsole connecting the upper to the outsole. The midsole is coupled to the upper and outsole as described in more detail below.

Upper 235 has a traditional shape and is made of standard upper materials such as, for example, natural leather, synthetic leather, non-woven materials, natural fabrics, and synthetic fabrics. For example, breathable meshes and synthetic textile fabrics made from nylons, polyesters, polyolefins, polyurethanes, rubbers, and combinations thereof can be used. Materials used to construct the upper are selected based on desired properties such as breathability, durability, flexibility, and comfort. In a preferred embodiment, the upper is made of a soft, breathable leather material with water-repellent properties. Upper materials are sewn or bonded together using traditional manufacturing methods to form the upper structure.

As shown in FIG. 31 , upper 225 generally includes an instep area 226 having an opening 228 for inserting a foot. The upper preferably includes a soft molded foam heel collar 230 to provide enhanced comfort and fit. An optional ghillie strip (not shown) may be wrapped around the heel collar. The upper includes a front wing 232 for covering the forefoot portion of the foot. The instep area includes a tongue member 233 overlying the wing section of the upper. An upper portion of tongue 233 may include an optional ghillie strip 234 . Typically, laces 235 are used to fasten the shoe around the contour of the foot. However, other tightening systems may be used including metal cable (shoelace) tightening assemblies that include a dial, spool, and locking mechanism to lock the housing and cable in place. Such shoelace tightening assemblies are available from Boa Technology, Inc., Denver, CO 80216. It should be understood that the aforementioned upper shown in FIG. 31 represents only one example of an upper design that may be used in the footwear constructions of the present invention, and that other upper designs may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

When numerical lower and upper numerical limits are described herein, it is contemplated that any combination of these values may be used. Except in operational examples, or unless expressly specified otherwise, all numerical ranges, amounts, values, and percentages, such as those for amounts of material, in the specification, where the term "about" is expressly stated in the value, amount, or range. Although it may not appear, it may be read as if the word "medicine" was in front of it. Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the specification and appended claims are approximations that may vary depending on the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present invention.

Also, the terms "first", "second", "third", "upper", "bottom", "upper", "lower", "lower", "upper", "right", "left", "middle", "proximal", "distal", "lateral", "middle", "anterior", "posterior", etc. are any terms used to refer to a location of an element based on a perspective, and It should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

It is understood that the footwear materials, designs and constructions described and illustrated herein represent only some embodiments of the present invention. It is understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and additions may be made to the materials, design and structure without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. All such embodiments are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims (19)

golf shoes,
upper,
outsole, and
a midsole connected to the upper and the outsole, the upper, midsole and outsole having forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot regions and lateral and medial surfaces, respectively;
the bottom window,
a first set of helical paths (A), each helical path having an origin and a plurality of helical segments radiating from the origin, each segment having a different degree of curvature and comprising sub-segments;
a second set of helical paths (B), each helical path having an origin and a plurality of helical segments radiating from the origin, each segment having a different degree of curvature and comprising sub-segments;
The helical paths of the first set (A) are normal and the helical paths of the second set (B) are the inverses of the helical paths of the first set, so when the helical paths overlap each other, the helical paths from set A The sub-segments of the spiral segments and the sub-segments of the spiral segments from set B form a four-sided tile piece on the surface of the outsole, the tile piece comprising a traction member, and a plurality of tile pieces forming a first projecting traction A golf shoe comprising a member, an opposing second protruding traction member, and a non-protruding segment disposed between the first and second traction members. The golf shoe according to claim 1, wherein the first traction member has a greater hardness than the second traction member. The golf shoe according to claim 1, wherein the first and second traction members each comprise a thermoplastic polyurethane composition. 2. A golf shoe according to claim 1, wherein the non-protruding segment disposed between the first traction member and the second traction member comprises an ethylene vinyl acetate composition. 2. A golf shoe according to claim 1, wherein the first and second traction members have substantially the same hardness value. 2. A golf shoe according to claim 1, wherein the first and second traction members have substantially the same height. The golf shoe of claim 1 further comprising: a first region of tile comprising a protruding traction member extending along a forward portion of the forefoot region; a second section of tile comprising protruding traction members extending along a periphery of the forefoot region; and a third zone of tiles including protruding traction members extending along opposite peripheries of the forefoot region, the second and third zones adjacent to the first zone and providing traction in the first, second, and third zones. Golf shoes in which the members have different dimensions. 8. The golf shoe according to claim 7, wherein each zone of the traction member has a triangular non-concave upper surface defining a contact surface, the total tread area being in the range of 10 to 70% based on the total surface area of the tile. 2. The golf shoe of claim 1, wherein the golf shoe includes a region of tile that includes a protruding traction member extending along the midfoot region. 10. The golf shoe according to claim 9, wherein the traction members in the region of the midfoot region have a triangular non-concave upper surface defining a contact surface, the total tread area being in the range of 5 to 50% based on the total surface area of the tile. 2. The golf shoe of claim 1 further comprising: a first region of tile comprising a protruding traction member extending along a posterior portion of the hindfoot region; a second section of tile comprising protruding traction members extending along a periphery of the hindfoot region; and a third zone of tiles including protruding traction members extending along opposite peripheries of the hindfoot region, the second and third zones being adjacent to the first zone and forming the first, second, and third zones. Golf shoes in which the traction members have different dimensions. 12. The golf shoe according to claim 11, wherein the traction members in each zone have a triangular non-concave upper surface defining a contact surface, the total tread area being in the range of 10 to 70% based on the total surface area of the tile. The golf shoe according to claim 1, wherein the outsole further comprises a heel stepped region provided in the midfoot region, the heel stepped region having no tile segments. The golf shoe according to claim 1, further comprising at least three spike receptacles provided on the outsole. 15. The golf shoe according to claim 14, wherein at least four spike receptacles are provided in the forefoot region and at least three spike receptacles are provided in the heel region. golf shoes,
upper,
outsole, and
a midsole connected to the upper and the outsole, the upper, midsole and outsole having forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot regions and lateral and medial surfaces, respectively;
the bottom window,
a first set of helical paths (A), each helical path having an origin and a plurality of helical segments radiating from the origin, each segment having a different degree of curvature and comprising sub-segments;
a second set of helical paths (B), each helical path having an origin and a plurality of helical segments radiating from the origin, each segment having a different degree of curvature and comprising sub-segments;
The helical path of the first set (A) is regular and the helical path of the second set (B) is the inverse of the helical path of the first set, so when the ktdrl helical paths overlap each other, the helical segment from set A The sub-segment of and the sub-segment of the spiral segment from set B form a four-sided tile piece on the surface of the outsole, the tile piece comprising a traction member, and the outsole heel provided in the midfoot region. A golf shoe further comprising a step area, wherein the heel step area does not have a tile segment. 17. The golf shoe according to claim 16, wherein the traction member has a three-sided pyramidal shape with three inclined planes and an apex forming the tread plane, wherein the total tread area is in the range of 5 to 40% based on the total surface area of the tiles. . 18. The golf shoe according to claim 17, further comprising at least three spike receptacles provided on the outsole. 19. The golf shoe according to claim 18, wherein at least four spike receptacles are provided in the forefoot region and at least three spike receptacles are provided in the heel region.

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