KR102030963B1 - Solar tracking system using nautical almanac - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solar tracking system using nautical almanac, which can track the sun without an electronic sensor to track the sun, thereby eliminating power loss for sensor operation and reducing the complexity of a system for sensor operation. The solar tracking system using nautical almanac comprises: an input unit capable of inputting the current location and time information; a nautical almanac database (DB) storing nautical almanac data; a horizontally rotating unit maintaining and correcting the horizontality of a solar panel and measuring the orientation; an altitude indicating unit correcting the altitude of the solar panel and measuring an angle of the altitude; and an operation unit calculating a tilt of the rotation axis of the solar panel based on the current position, the time information, the nautical almanac data, the orientation and the angle of the altitude, identifying the direction and degree of the tilt of the solar panel based on a tilt calculation result, and tracking the position of the sun by controlling the horizontally rotating unit and the altitude indicating unit according to the direction and the degree of the tilt.

Description

Solar tracking system using celestial force {Solar tracking system using nautical almanac}

The present invention relates to a solar tracking device using nautical almanac, in particular, by enabling the tracking of the sun without an electronic sensor for tracking the sun, eliminating power loss for the sensor operation and system for the sensor operation It relates to a solar tracking device using a celestial force to reduce the complexity of the.

Recently, the use of photovoltaic devices, which are environmentally friendly energy facilities using solar, which is a clean energy source that does not cause environmental pollution while replacing fossil fuels, is gradually increasing.

The photovoltaic device can be classified into a fixed photovoltaic system in which a panel on which a solar cell module is mounted is fixed and a tracking type that tracks the orbit of the sun.

The tracking type is classified into a highly-oriented solar power generation system that tracks altitude and azimuth using a solar tracking sensor, and a diurnal movement solar power generation system, which is a motor-driven tracking system that predicts diurnal motion.

Stationary solar power systems are the cheapest and have many facilities in the past because they are simple in structure or structure, but are less efficient than tracking systems. In other words, due to the changing solar altitude and orientation, the angle of incidence of the photovoltaic solar cells becomes narrower, so the amount of power generation is much shorter than that of the tracking photovoltaic power generation system.

There is a solar tracking system to compensate for this, but the tracking PV system has a duty to satisfy the following situations.

In other words, compared to the fixed type, the cost ratio is excellent, there is no balance, and the system is easy to operate and install. In addition, tracked photovoltaic systems require accurate leveling for the facility and also require sensors to track the sun.

On the other hand, conventionally proposed techniques for the tracking photovoltaic power generation system are disclosed in the following <Patent Documents 1> to <Patent Document 4>.

The prior art disclosed in <Patent Document 1> includes a support for supporting a solar cell panel, a main plate equipped with a solar cell panel, and a first coupled between the support and the main plate such that the main plate can be rotated 360 ° in the horizontal direction with respect to the support. Horizontal rotation drive unit for rotating the rotating column, vertical rotation drive unit for rotating the main plate vertically with respect to the first rotation column, the solar panel in the daytime using the current time information provided from the electronic clock By controlling the horizontal rotation drive unit to rotate 360 ° per day to follow the position trajectory of the moving azimuth movement, it drives the continuous rotation in the same rotational direction even after sunset of the sun. Even if the time changes, even if there is no separate recalibration device The solar panel and the solar panel can achieve a vertical direction, and the change in the altitude of the sun according to the seasonal change can track the change in the position of the sun altitude through the vertical rotating drive unit, thereby simplifying the structure and increasing the solar condensing efficiency.

In addition, the prior art disclosed in <Patent Document 2> is one or more solar self-generating device for generating electric power using sunlight, one or more self-generation tracking control unit for controlling the position of the solar self-generating device, anemometer, solar system, Measures external conditions in real time through a measuring device such as a rain gauge, and enters the measured values and basic information such as altitude, bearing, sunrise, sunset time, south and mid elevation, day and middle hour, and day length. It includes a control unit for transmitting the data obtained through the obtained value to the self-generation tracking control unit using a local area network. Through this configuration, the heating unit of the self-generation unit is heated using a reflector that tracks the position of the sun in real time, and the self-generating unit, which receives heat through the heating unit of the unit, rotates the reciprocating motion according to the temperature. By switching the generator to rotate the generator can produce power.

In addition, the prior art disclosed in <Patent Document 3> is a precision solar tracking sensor module is provided in a state covering the substrate, the upper portion of the substrate, the transparent cap portion is formed in the center of the upper portion of the substrate, the lens portion for condensing sunlight in the center It is provided with a solar focus detection unit for detecting the position of the focus of the solar light formed through the lens portion of the transparent cap portion, is provided in a state inclined at least three at an equal angle on the upper portion of the substrate in a state separated by a certain distance from the solar focus detection unit It includes a plurality of optical sensor unit. Through this configuration, the first and second tracking of solar light can be precisely traced to the solar light, and the precision solar tracking sensor module of the high efficiency condensed photovoltaic power generation system that can reduce manufacturing cost and improve constructability. To provide.

In addition, the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 4 uses at least one or more photoconductive cells to detect a change in current according to the movement of the sun, and thus the direction of the photovoltaic panel installed in the water-based photovoltaic power generation system is used to By adjusting the position and posture automatically to receive the most, improve the power generation efficiency of solar power system.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration 10-1136543 (2012.04.06. Registration) (solar tracking power generation device) Republic of Korea Patent Registration 10-1174334 (2012.08.09. Registration) (solar tracking self-generation system) Republic of Korea Patent Registration 10-0988264 (Registered October 11, 2010) (Precision Solar Tracking Sensor Module of High Efficiency Concentrated Photovoltaic System) Republic of Korea Patent Registration 10-1745877 (2017.06.05. Registration) (Photovoltaic tracking system PV system and its tracking method)

However, the conventional tracking type photovoltaic power generation system and the related arts disclosed in the patent literature are methods using a sensor for tracking solar light, and thus, a cost is required due to the installation of a separate sensor, and a system for sensor operation is operated. It is disadvantageous because the system configuration is complicated and the system installation cost is required as a means.

In particular, the earth movement tracking system of the earth is complicated in structure, the device is installed in the structure for operating the solar panel has a disadvantage that the cost ratio is lowered.

In general, tracking the sun's orbit around the sun is a technique used in small astronomical telescopes, which causes the disadvantage of having a separate system capable of identifying and maintaining the earth's orbit around it.

As a result, most solar tracking systems use azimuth and altitude using a sensor such as an optical sensor.

High-orientation solar tracking system has the advantage of relatively easy implementation of the system and good power generation efficiency compared to the fixed type, but requires tracking sensors including optical sensors and power loss for sensor operation and solar tracking. Cause disadvantages.

In addition, the solar system for diurnal movement requires relatively few sensors, including optical sensors, can be used even on inclined slopes, and the operation of the device is simple. However, a rotation system capable of synchronizing with the rotational axis of the earth is required. The disadvantage is that the system configuration is complicated.

The above-mentioned conventional solar tracking system and the related arts mentioned in the patent literature require an illuminance sensor, a camera, an inclinometer, a compass, an orientation sensor for extracting an angle from true north, and a process of extracting an elevation angle from the true horizon. In addition, there is a need for a process of resolving errors occurring in various sensors, a problem of installing a solar tracking system so that there is no inclination, and a process of minimizing errors according to various solar tracking systems.

In conclusion, the conventional technologies mentioned in general photovoltaic power generation systems and patent documents have increased interface points, complicated facilities, high power consumption, and high system installation cost as the facilities of photovoltaic power generation systems become more complicated. In addition, the complexity of the equipment causes a lot of failure factors, which leads to a high cost of facility maintenance.

Therefore, the present invention has been proposed to solve all the problems occurring in the prior art as described above, by enabling the tracking of the sun without an electronic sensor for tracking the sun, eliminating power loss for sensor operation and sensor operation The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar tracking device using one side force to reduce the complexity of the system.

Another object of the present invention does not need to consider a horizontal environment for installing a tracking photovoltaic power generation system, a solar tracking device using a side force that can track the sun by correcting the orientation and altitude by recognizing the inclination at the slope To provide.

In order to achieve the object as described above, the solar tracking device using a thousand force according to the present invention, an input unit for inputting the current position and time information; Horizontal rotating unit for maintaining and correcting the horizontal of the solar panel, measuring the orientation; A celestial force database (DB) storing celestial force data; An altitude indicating unit for correcting an altitude of the solar panel and measuring an altitude angle; The tilt of the solar panel's rotation axis is calculated based on the current position and visual information, the celestial force data, the azimuth and the elevation angle, and the tilted direction and degree of the solar panel are determined based on the result of the tilt calculation. It characterized in that it comprises a calculation unit for tracking the position of the sun by controlling the horizontal rotating unit and the altitude indicating unit according to the direction and degree.

In the above, the calculation unit calculates the altitude (h ₁ ) and azimuth (z ₁ ) of the position where the shadow of the bar perpendicular to the solar panel is not generated at an arbitrary time, and calculates the tracking device for the position of the sun. After the first adjustment to the position of the sun, and after a certain time, the altitude (h ₂ ) and the orientation (z ₂ ) of the position where the shadow of the rod perpendicular to the solar panel does not occur is calculated secondarily. Characterized by secondary adjustment of the tracking device to the position of the sun.

In the above calculation unit, using the altitude (h ₁ , h ₂ ) and the orientation (z ₁ , z ₂ ) obtained to adjust the position of the sun, to calculate the tilt information (α, β) of the rotation axis by the following formula It is characterized by. Α is inclination, β is inclination direction.

α = 90-asin (cos (Δh ₂ ) × sin (acos ((sin (Δh ₁ )-(sin (Δh ₁ ) × sin (Δh ₂ ) × cos (Δh ₁ ) × cos (Δh ₂ ) × cos ( z ₂ -z ₁ + Δz ₂ -Δz ₁ )) × sin (Δh ₂ )) / (sin (acos (sin (Δh ₁ ) × sin (Δh ₂ ) + cos (Δh ₁ ) × cos (Δh ₂ ) × cos (z ₂ -z ₁ + Δz ₂ -Δz ₁ ))) × cos (Δh ₂ ))))))

Δh ₁ is a value generated by the influence of the slope with respect to the altitude h ₁ of the ideal sun. Δh ₂ is the value resulting from the influence of the slope of the ideal sun altitude h ₂ . Δz ₁ is a value resulting from the influence of the slope with respect to the orientation of the ideal z ₁ sun. Δz ₂ is the value resulting from the influence of the slope with respect to the orientation of the ideal solar z _2. In other words, if the system is installed without a slope, these Δ values should all be zero.

β = z _1- (acos (sin (Δh ₁ ) × sin (Δh ₂ ) × cos (Δh ₁ ) × cos (Δh ₂ ) × cos (z ₂ -z ₁ + Δz ₂ -Δz ₁ )) + asin ( sin (α) / sin (Δh ₂ )))

if (Δz ₂ <0), β = z _1- (acos (sin (Δh ₁ ) × sin (Δh ₂ ) + cos (Δh ₁ ) × cos (Δh ₂ ) × cos (z ₂ -z ₁ + Δz ₂ -Δz ₁ )) + 180-asin (sin (α) / sin (Δh ₂ )))

The calculating unit may calculate a true point (TP) of the sun for tracking the sun based on the calculated slope information.

h + Δh = asin (sin (acos (-cos (h) × cos (β-z))) × sin (α + asin (sin (h) / sin (acos (-cos (h) × cos (β-) z))))))

z + Δz = β-acos (-cos (h) × cos (β-z) / cos (h + Δh)) + 180

According to the present invention, by enabling the tracking of the sun without an electronic sensor (horizontal sensor, orientation sensor, light sensor, position sensor, etc.) for tracking the sun, power loss for sensor operation can be eliminated, and sensor operation can be avoided. The complexity of the system can be reduced, and thus the probability of failure can be significantly reduced.

In addition, according to the present invention, there is no need to consider a horizontal environment for installing a trackable photovoltaic power generation system, which provides easy installation of the system. There is an advantage.

1 is an explanatory diagram for defining a calculation element in the present invention;
2 is a schematic diagram of the rotation of the ideal axis and the rotation of the actual axis in the present invention,
Figure 3 is a block diagram of a solar tracking device using a side force in accordance with the present invention.

Hereinafter, a solar tracking device using a side force according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a block diagram of a solar tracking device using a cloth force according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the input unit 10, the cloth force database (DB) 20, the power supply unit 30, the calculation unit 40, Horizontal rotating unit 50, altitude indicating unit 60 and the solar panel 70 is included.

Here, the horizontal rotating unit 50 and the altitude indicating unit 60 may be coupled to the sun and the panel 70 as electrical and mechanical elements.

The input unit 10 refers to an input device capable of inputting a current position and time information, the force measurement database 20 serves to store the force measurement data, and the power supply unit 30 is driven by using a battery or the like. It serves to supply power. The input unit 10 may include an input completion button.

In addition, the celestial force data includes position information of the celestial body over time. Most of the stars and constellations can observe the constant movement, the celestial force data is a summary of the regular movement of the celestial body is called. The celestial force includes various information that can be observed by the celestial body, including the positions of the sun, moon, planets, stars, etc. necessary for observing the celestial body.

In addition, the horizontal rotating unit 50 maintains and corrects the horizontal of the solar panel 70, and serves to measure the orientation, the altitude indicating unit 60 corrects the altitude of the solar panel 70, the altitude angle It serves to measure.

In addition, the calculation unit 40 calculates the tilt of the rotation axis of the solar panel 70 on the basis of the current position and time information, celestial force data and azimuth and altitude angle, and based on the result of the tilt calculation the solar panel 70 Grasp the inclination direction and the degree of, and controls the horizontal rotating unit 50 and the altitude indicating unit 60 in accordance with the inclined direction and degree serves to track the position of the sun.

Referring to the operation of the solar tracking device using a thousand force according to the present invention configured as described in detail as follows.

First, in a state where the solar tracking device is installed in the photovoltaic power generation system together with the solar panel 70, power is supplied through the power supply unit 30, and position and time information is input through the input unit 10. Here, instead of manually inputting location and deletion information, it is also possible to automatically input location and time information using GPS.

When the position and time information is input, the calculation unit 40 calculates the inclination direction and the degree of the solar panel 70 based on the celestial force data, the azimuth information, and the altitude angle information, and based on the horizontal rotation unit 50 and The altitude indicating unit 60 is controlled to allow the solar panel 70 to track sunlight.

To this end, it is necessary to predefine the calculation elements for the calculation.

The length of an equator arc or angle at the pole, measured from 0 ° to 360 ° to the west of a celestial sphere from any baseline on Earth, is called the hour angle (HA).

In FIG. 1, the time from the prime meridian to the time of the celestial body is referred to as Greenwich time or Greenwich Hour Angle (GHA).

The arc from the equator to the celestial meridian on the meridian of the cloth passing through the celestial body is called the declination (dec) of the celestial body and corresponds to the latitude on earth. Measure 0 ° from the equator to 90 ° from north to south, and add the symbol N if the object is north of the equator and the symbol S if it is south.

If latitude and longitude represent the global coordinates of an arbitrary point on the earth, GHA and Dec are the celestial coordinates of the celestial body (here the sun) (actually, when the connecting line is in contact with the earth's surface Point).

Therefore, by calculating the exact position of the sun at the time you want to measure, you can determine the position on the earth's coordinates and measure the angle and angle of view of the celestial body from the current position of a known observer. Can be.

The calculated point (CP) is the ideal tracking point calculated for the sun's position. In other words, if the system is an ideal photovoltaic system, the vertical bar standing on the solar panel 70 in the CP does not produce a shadow. However, assuming that there is some inclination here since the photovoltaic system can never be in equilibrium, FIG. 2 is inclined by α in the β + 90 ° direction.

Therefore, in order to construct the system to track the sun, we need to find TP (True Point) based on CP by calculating α and β. TP can be obtained by correcting the altitude by CP by Δh and by correcting the orientation by Δz.

As the definition of the calculation factor, the position of the sun is represented by (GHA, Dec), and the location where the solar power system is installed is represented by (Longitude, Latitude). According to their relationship, the altitude and orientation (h, z) must be expressed in the system.

Based on FIG. 1, the azimuth (z) and altitude (h) at my location for tracking the position of the sun are calculated as follows.

if (Longitude> 0), HA = 360-Longitude,

else, HA =-Longitude

sin (h) = sin (Latitude) × sin (Dec) + cos (Latitude) × cos (Dec) × cos (HA-GHA)

cos (z) = (cos (Dec)-sin (Latitude) × sin (h)) / (cos (Latitude) × cos (h))

Provided that if (HA-GHA <0), z = 360-z.

Subsequently, after installing the solar power generation system, calculate how the tilt of the rotation axis of the solar power generation system is inclined, determine the inclination direction and degree, and at this time, what correction is possible to operate the solar power generation system in earnest in the future? Perform the initial operation of computing. It can automatically calculate all the conditions of a photovoltaic system just by measuring the position of the sun twice.

That is, the adjustment of the tracking device for the first position is as follows.

At an arbitrary time t1, the position at which the shadow of the bar installed perpendicular to the solar panel 70 does not occur is set, and the input button is pressed through the input unit 10. At this time, altitude h ₁ and azimuth z ₁ can be obtained.

The adjustment of the tracking device for the second position is as follows.

After a certain period of time after finishing the first position adjustment, set the position where the shadow of the bar does not occur at any time t2 and press the button again through the input unit 10. At this time, altitude h ₂ and azimuth z ₂ can be obtained.

Calculating the level is the task of figuring out which direction and how much incline. Here, the horizontal rotating unit 50 is used to measure the orientation of the sun is mounted on the photovoltaic power generation system, the altitude indicating unit 60 is used to measure the altitude angle of the sun is mounted on the photovoltaic power generation system.

Using h ₁ , h _2, and z ₁ , z ₂ , horizontality may be calculated as follows.

Figure 2 illustrates the rotation of the ideal axis and the rotation of the actual axis.

When the ideal axis rotates, it forms a circle exactly around the point Pn while maintaining a constant radius. However, if for any reason the horizontal axis of rotation attached to point Pn is skewed (or inclined), the horizontal axis rotates, failing to maintain the trajectory of the ideal axis.

In FIG. 2, the axis located at the point Pn is inclined by α angle. Also, the tilt direction is inclined in the β + 90 ° direction. That is, the horizontal axis of the point Pn is inclined by α angle in the β + 90 ° direction.

Because of this inclination, measuring altitude about this axis of energy is also inaccurate.

Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the inclination information (α and β) to know in what state the rotation axes are inclined.

When tracking the position of the sun at the desired time, it should be possible to track on the ideal axis of rotation (hereinafter referred to as the ideal axis), but the position of the sun is obtained from the actual axis of rotation (hereinafter referred to as the real axis) because the reference axis is inclined by α and β.

Where α and β are as follows.

α = 90-asin (cos (Δh ₂ ) × sin (acos ((sin (Δh ₁ )-(sin (Δh ₁ ) × sin (Δh ₂ ) × cos (Δh ₁ ) × cos (Δh ₂ ) × cos ( z ₂ -z ₁ + Δz ₂ -Δz ₁ )) × sin (Δh ₂ )) / (sin (acos (sin (Δh ₁ ) × sin (Δh ₂ ) + cos (Δh ₁ ) × cos (Δh ₂ ) × cos (z ₂ -z ₁ + Δz ₂ -Δz ₁ ))) × cos (Δh ₂ ))))))

β = z _1- (acos (sin (Δh ₁ ) × sin (Δh ₂ ) × cos (Δh ₁ ) × cos (Δh ₂ ) × cos (z ₂ -z ₁ + Δz ₂ -Δz ₁ )) + asin ( sin (α) / sin (Δh ₂ )))

if (Δz ₂ <0), β = z _1- (acos (sin (Δh ₁ ) × sin (Δh ₂ ) + cos (Δh ₁ ) × cos (Δh ₂ ) × cos (z ₂ -z ₁ + Δz ₂ -Δz ₁ )) + 180-asin (sin (α) / sin (Δh ₂ )))

Δh ₁ is a value generated by the influence of the slope with respect to the altitude h ₁ of the ideal sun. Δh ₂ is the value resulting from the influence of the slope of the ideal sun altitude h ₂ . Δz ₁ is a value resulting from the influence of the slope with respect to the bearing z ₁ of the ideal aspect. Δz ₂ is the value resulting from the influence of the slope with respect to the orientation of the ideal solar z _2. In other words, if the system is installed without a slope, these Δ values should all be zero.

Therefore, while the solar power generation system tracks the sun, the point where the ideal axis and the real axis coincide at any desired time point is only β and β + 180 °.

As described above, the two points are artificially facing the sun, and the inclination α and the inclined direction β are obtained.

Subsequently, the corrected TP (True Point) is calculated using the slope information α and β of the solar power generation system as follows.

h + Δh = asin (sin (acos (-cos (h) × cos (β-z))) × sin (α + asin (sin (h) / sin (acos (-cos (h) × cos (β-) z))))))

z + Δz = β-acos (-cos (h) × cos (β-z) / cos (h + Δh)) + 180

Where Δh is the sign of its value when it is pointed horizontally towards Pn. Δz is the sign of its value in the clockwise direction at z.

Therefore, the actual altitude value of TP is (h + Δh), and the actual azimuth value is (z + Δz).

After calculating the altitude value and azimuth value for the authenticity of the sun that can track the sun through the inclined system as described above, the calculation unit 40 determines the azimuth angle of the solar panel 70 through the horizontal rotating unit 50. Correction, and the altitude angle of the solar panel 70 through the altitude indicating unit 60, to track the sun. Here, the horizontal rotating unit 50 is made of a motor and an encoder, etc., to rotate the solar panel 70 through the motor, to obtain the azimuth angle through the encoder, the altitude indicating unit 60 is a solar panel (using an actuator) 70) height can be adjusted.

On the other hand, the position of the sun can be calculated using VSOP87. Since the lunar position can be calculated using the ELP2000, it is also possible to select a time point with abundant light before and after full, and to operate the system only to collect energy. However, if the energy consumption for collecting energy is greater, it is not necessary to run the system. The sun and moon may use Almanac data published annually by the National Maritime Survey.

As described above, the present invention can track the sun without any electronic sensor for tracking the sun, there is no power loss for the sensor operation, and also reduce the complexity of the system for the sensor operation, especially the solar panel The system does not require a horizontal environment to install the system, which provides easy installation, and even when installed on a slope, the sun can be optimally tracked by recognizing the slope and correcting the orientation and altitude. By tracking the sun's movement, the sun's angle of incidence can be maximized to maximize energy efficiency.

Although the invention made by the present inventors has been described in detail according to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Self-evident to those who have

10: input unit
20: Celestial Force Database (DB)
30: power supply
40: calculation unit
50: horizontal rotation part
60: altitude indicator
70: solar panel

Claims (5)

Apparatus for tracking solar light using celestial force in a photovoltaic power generation system using a solar panel,
An input unit for inputting a current position and time information;
A celestial force database (DB) storing celestial force data;
Horizontal rotating unit for maintaining and correcting the horizontal of the solar panel, measuring the orientation;
An altitude indicating unit for correcting an altitude of the solar panel and measuring an altitude angle; And
Calculate the tilt of the rotation axis of the solar panel based on the current position and time information, celestial force data and azimuth and elevation angle, and grasp the tilt direction and degree of the solar panel based on the result of the tilt operation, It includes a calculation unit for tracking the position of the sun by controlling the horizontal rotating unit and the altitude indicating unit according to the inclined direction and degree,
The operation unit is installed perpendicular to the solar panel at any time
The altitude (h1) and orientation (z1) of the position where the shadow of the bar does not occur is calculated first, and the tracking device is first adjusted to the position of the sun, and after a certain time after the first adjustment of the position of the sun. Secondly calculate the altitude (h2) and azimuth (z2) of the position where the shadow of the rod vertically installed on the solar panel does not occur, and adjust the tracking device to the position of the sun.
The calculation unit obtains the altitude (h1,
h2) and azimuth (z1, z2), the solar tracking device using a side force, characterized in that to calculate the inclination information (α, β) of the rotation axis by the following equation.
Α is inclination, β is inclination direction.
α = 90-asin (cos (Δh2) × sin (acos ((sin (Δh1)-(sin (Δh1) × sin (Δ)
h2) + cos (Δh1) × cos (Δh2) × cos (z2-z1 + Δz2-Δz1)) × sin (Δh2)) /
(sin (acos (sin (Δh1) × sin (Δh2) × cos (Δh1) × cos (Δh2) × cos (z2-z1 + Δz2 -Δz1)) × cos (Δh2))))
β = z1-(acos (sin (Δh1) × sin (Δh2) × cos (Δh1) × cos (Δh2) × cos (z2-z1 + Δz2-Δz1)) + asin (sin (α) / sin (Δh2) ))
(Δz2 <0), β = z1-(acos (sin (Δh1) × sin (Δh2) + cos (Δh1) × cos (Δh2) × cos (z2-z1 + Δz2-Δz1)) + 180-asin ( sin (α) / sin (Δh2)))
Δh1 is a value generated by the influence of the slope with respect to the altitude h1 of the ideal sun. Δh2 is the value resulting from the influence of the slope on the altitude h2 of the ideal sun. Δz1 is a value generated by the influence of the slope with respect to the z1 of the ideal sun. Δz2 is a value generated by the influence of the slope with respect to the z direction of the ideal sun. The solar cell apparatus of claim 1, wherein the input unit vertically installs a bar on the solar panel and inputs at least two positions and visual information on which the shadow of the bar does not occur based on time. Tracking device. delete delete The solar cell apparatus of claim 1, wherein the calculation unit calculates a true point (TP) of the sun for tracking the sun based on the calculated values of the slopes α and β. Tracking device.
Δh = asin (sin (acos (-cos (h) × cos (β-z))) × sin (α + asin (sin (h) / sin (acos (-cos (h) × cos (β-z) )))))-h
Δz = β-acos (-cos (h) × cos (β-z) / cos (h + Δh)) + 180-z
That is, the altitude h and azimuth z of the sun are calculated and calculated, and the correction values Δh and Δz for each of them are added to calculate the sun's authenticity. Where h is the calculated altitude of the sun and z is the calculated orientation of the sun. At this time, Δh is the altitude correction value to be corrected by the influence of the slope, Δz is the correction value of the orientation to be corrected by the influence of the slope. Thus, the sun's altitude is h + Δh and the sun's orientation is z + Δz.

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