KR101875703B1 - Composition of filament for 3D printer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a filament composition for a 3D printer comprising a polymer resin and an alloy powder of a metal or a metal having a melting point of 300 ° C. or lower, and which can be extruded with a low melting point to provide a filament for a 3D printer which is easily processed into filament form And it is possible to display an object having a metal property such as a high melting point, high strength and conductivity as well as a texture of a metal by using it.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a filament composition for a 3D printer,

The present invention relates to a filament composition for a 3D printer, and more particularly to a metal filament composition for a 3D printer, which is based on a polymer resin and contains a metal powder.

3D (3-Dimension, 3D) printer is a device that produces a three-dimensional object by stacking layers with fine thickness by sequentially spraying ink of special material including powder type. 3D printing is spreading in various fields. Particularly, a medical human body model that can replace a part of the body has been attracting much attention, and it is used for making various models such as toys, kitchen utensils and other household items besides the automobile field composed of many parts.

Currently, the most commonly used material for 3D printing is a photopolymer, which is a photocurable macromolecule that solidifies when exposed to light. This is widely used to account for 56% of the entire market, and it has the advantage of being able to mold a hard product with a very fast curing speed, but it is difficult to recycle and is expensive. The next most popular material is solid, thermoplastic, which is free to melt and solidify. It occupies 40% of the market and metal powder is expected to grow gradually in the future. The shape of the double thermoplastics material may be in the form of filaments, particles or powder powders. Filament-type 3D printing is faster than other types in terms of speed, so productivity is high and diffusion speed is fast.

As the filament material used for 3D printing, it is possible to use an acrylic resin such as ABS (Acrylonitrile Poly-Butadiene Styrene), PLA (Poly-Lactic Acid), PET (Poly Ethylene Terephthalate), HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene), PVA High Density Polyethylene), PC (Polycarbonate), WOOD, and NYLON.

Such 3D printers can be classified as solid-based extrusion lamination FDM (fused deposition modeling), powder based SLS (selective laser sintering), 3DP (Powder bed and inkjet head printing), EBM It is largely classified into two types: Liquid based SLA (Stereolithography), DLP (Digital light processing), Polyjet (Photopolymer jetting) and Laminated LOM (Laminated object manufacturing). These printers are used for printing Materials such as filaments, powders, and liquid resins play an important role.

The filament for a 3D printer using the above material is a plastic material having a low melting point and low strength and a printed object is not electrically conductive. Therefore, when a target object is required to have a high melting point and high strength, There is a problem that it is not suitable for manufacturing using a printer.

On the other hand, in the case of conventional metal filaments, it is difficult to process metal into a filament form, and since it has a high melting point, it is difficult to be directly extruded, and a metal powder is contained in a plastic resin within 20% However, the printed 3D object does not actually have the properties of high melting point, high strength and conductivity, and the temperature at which the conventional 3D metal printing can be performed is 190 to 240 ° C. The use of a metal having a high melting point And there is a problem that it takes much time to process by the cooling process.

1. Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0982042 (September 30, 2010) 2. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2007-0051777 (2007.05.18.)

The present invention provides a filament composition for a 3D printer, which comprises a metal or metal alloy powder having a low melting point and is used to form an object having a high melting point, high strength and conductivity, And to provide a filament composition for a 3D printer which can be printed and can shorten the time in a 3D metal printing process.

However, the objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

The present invention provides a filament composition for a 3D printer comprising a polymer resin and an alloy powder of a metal and a metal having a melting point of 300 DEG C or lower.

The metal or metal alloy powder may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Pb, Sn, Bi, Zn, Cu, Ga, In, Ag, Te, Hg, Tl, Sb, The present invention provides a filament composition for a 3D printer.

Also, the metal or metal alloy powder has a particle diameter (D50) of 1 to 60 mu m, and provides a filament composition for a 3D printer.

And the metal or metal alloy powder is contained in an amount of 20 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer resin.

In addition, the polymer resin may be selected from the group consisting of ABS (Acrylonitrile Poly-Butadiene Styrene), PLA (Poly-Lactic Acid), PET (Poly Ethylene Terephthalate), HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene), PVA , PC (Polycarbonate), and Nylon. The present invention also provides a filament composition for a 3D printer.

The filament composition for a 3D printer further comprises an additive, wherein the additive provides a filament composition for a 3D printer comprising a polymer metal complex.

And the polymer resin is dried at 40 to 120 ° C for 2 hours or more to have a water content of 1% or less.

The present invention also relates to a 3D printer filament comprising a polymer resin and an alloy powder of a metal and a metal having a melting point of 300 ° C or less, wherein the diameter of the filament for the 3D printer is 1.50 to 3.0 mm, And a melting point of a 3D printed object is 200 to 350 ° C.

The present invention can provide a filament composition for a 3D printer comprising a metal or metal alloy powder having a low melting point and being extrudable and easy to process in the form of a filament.

In addition, the present invention can provide a filament for a 3D printer which not only exhibits the texture of a metal but also includes an alloy powder of a metal or metal having a low melting point capable of 3D printing an object having high melting point, high strength and conductivity.

In addition, the present invention can provide a filament for a 3D printer capable of shortening a 3D printing time by shortening a cooling time by enabling printing at a low temperature during 3D printing.

Before describing the present invention in detail, it is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined solely by the appended claims. shall. All technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise stated.

Throughout this specification and claims, the word "comprise", "comprises", "comprising" means including a stated article, step or group of articles, and steps, , Step, or group of objects, or a group of steps.

On the contrary, the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with any other embodiments as long as there is no clear counterpoint. Any feature that is specifically or advantageously indicated as being advantageous may be combined with any other feature or feature that is indicated as being preferred or advantageous. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention and effects thereof will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A filament composition for a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a polymer resin and an alloy powder of a metal or a metal having a low melting point. The polymer resin is included in the filament composition for a 3D printer according to the present invention, so that extrusion molding in a filament form is smoothly performed, and extrusion processing is smoothly performed in 3D printing using a formed filament. A metal or metal alloy powder having a low melting point is included in the filament composition for a 3D printer according to the present invention and is capable of extrusion molding in a filament form even at a low temperature and is capable of 3D printing using a formed filament, Not only the texture of the metal but also the properties of metals such as high melting point, high strength and conductivity.

The polymer resin may be selected from the group consisting of ABS (Acrylonitrile Poly-Butadiene Styrene), PLA (Poly-Lactic Acid), PET (Poly Ethylene Terephthalate), HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene), PVA And at least one polymer resin selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, polycarbonate, and nylon. Preferably PLA capable of being extruded at a low temperature of 120 to 250 占 폚. Or PVA which is capable of PLA and low-temperature extrusion at 150 to 250 ° C and has a high tensile strength.

Further, the polymer resin is dried at 40 to 120 DEG C for 2 hours or more, and a water content of 1% or less is used. When the water content of the polymer resin exceeds 1%, bubbles containing moisture are generated in the produced filaments to increase the defective rate, and it is preferable to use a polymer resin having a content of 0.4% or less.

When PLA and PVA are mixed as the polymer resin, it is preferable that the PVA is contained in an amount of 10 to 60 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of PLA from the viewpoint of extrusion temperature and strength.

The metal or metal alloy powder is contained in an amount of 20 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer resin. If it is contained in an amount of less than 20 parts by weight, the filament formed by using the composition may not exhibit the metallic properties of an object that is 3D-printed. If it exceeds 50 parts by weight, oxidation may occur upon exposure to air, There is a problem that it is difficult to extrusion molding into a shape.

The alloy powder of metal or metal has a low melting point. More specifically, a metal having a metal or metal alloy powder has a melting point of 300 DEG C or less.

At least one metal selected from the group consisting of Pb, Sn, Bi, Zn, Cu, Ga, In, Ag, Te, Hg, Tl, Sb, Se and Po as an alloy powder of a low melting point metal or metal Metal alloy powder. When an alloy powder comprising alloy particles of two or more kinds of metals is included, the extrusion temperature can be remarkably lowered.

Preferably, it includes an alloy powder of any three or more metals selected from the group consisting of Ga, Bi, In, Sn, Zn, Cu and Ag, more preferably Ga, Bi, Sn, In and Zn And the alloy powder of any three or more metals selected from the group consisting of the above-mentioned metals.

The particle size of the metal or metal alloy powder uses micro-sized powders. More specifically, a powder having a particle diameter (D50) of 1 to 60 占 퐉 of a metal or metal alloy powder is used. As the size of the metal or alloy particle becomes smaller, the incompleteness of the surface atoms increases, and the extrusion temperature can be remarkably lowered because the interatomic bond can be broken and freed at a temperature lower than the melting point of the bulk metal or alloy. It is also contained in a filament composition for a 3D printer as a micro-sized powder and has good mixing property with a polymer resin.

The filament composition for a 3D printer according to the present invention further comprises an additive for improving the mixing property of the polymer resin and the metal or metal alloy powder. More specifically, it includes a polymer metal complex as an additive to improve the mixing property of the polymer resin and the alloy powder.

The first additive is contained in an amount of 3 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer resin. When the amount is less than 3 parts by weight, the effect of improving the mixing property between the polymer resin and the metal or metal alloy powder is insignificant. When the amount exceeds 10 parts by weight, the processability during extrusion is decreased. In the case of 3D printing using the filament, There is a problem that the speed is lowered.

In the 3D printing using the filament formed using the filament composition for a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention, printing can be performed at a low temperature, thereby shortening the cooling time, thereby shortening the 3D printing time.

The filament for a 3D printer formed using the composition according to an embodiment of the present invention may have a diameter of 1.50 to 3.0 mm, preferably 1.75 to 2.0 mm. If the diameter of the filament is less than 1.50 mm, it is difficult to manufacture the printing head for pushing the filament and the printing speed may be too late. If the filament is more than 3.0 mm, the solidification speed is slow and the printing line becomes thick.

A melting point of a 3D printed object using a filament formed using the filament composition for a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention is 200 to 350 占 폚.

Example - Composition

A polymer resin, a metal or an alloy powder having a water content of 0.4% or less and additives were mixed homogeneously in the composition shown in the following Table 1 to obtain a filament composition for a 3D printer.

Polymer resin Metal or alloy powder additive Example 1 PLA Pb (50 m) Polyethyleneimine 100g 40g 5g Example 2 PLA Sn (40 m) Carboxymethylated polyethyleneimine 100g 50g 8g Example 3 ABS Pb-Sn (60 m) Polyurethane 100g 30g 10g Example 4 PET Bi-Ga (60 m) Poly (acrylic acid) 100g 30g 3g Example 5 PLA + PVA Pb (10 m) Poly (vinyl alcohol) 70g + 30g 50g 3g Example 6 PLA + PVA Sn (5 m) Poly (iminoacetic acid) 90g + 10g 10g 5g Example 7 PLA Bi-In-Sn (40 m) - 100g 20g -

Example-Filament

Extruded using a single screw extruder having a screw diameter of 300 mm and a screw length of 815 mm or more by using the filament composition for a 3D printer manufactured according to the above example to sufficiently cool the extruder with lengths of 1.21 m and 1.00 m, To prepare filaments having a diameter of 1.50 to 3.0 mm.

Experimental Example

(1) Measurement of melting temperature

The melting point of the filament prepared according to the above example was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and the temperature was raised to 10 ° C per minute by ASTM D-3418 to measure Tm. The measurement results are shown in Table 2 below.

(2) Shore hardness measurement

The shore hardness of the filament prepared according to the above example was measured according to ISO 868. [ Shore A < SEP > 90 < SEP >

(3) Melt rate and solidification rate measurement

A, 10 g / 10 min or more of B, 5 g / 10 min or more of C, 1 g / 10 min or more of D (melting point) of the filament composition (210 캜, 2.16 kg) , And less than 1 g / 10 min. The lower the MI (210 DEG C, 2.16 kg), the slower the melting and the slower or impossible the printing speed.

The melt index (MI) of the filament composition was measured by ASTM D-1238. The products were labeled MI ((210 ° C, 2.16 kg) A for 1 g / 10 min or less, 1.1 to 2 for B, 2.1 to 3 for C, 3.1 to 5 for D, 210 DEG C, 2.16 kg), the solidification at 210 DEG C is delayed.

(4) Measurement of filament diameter

The filament diameter required for printing on the output using a 3D printer was measured using a diameter measuring device. The measurement results are shown in Table 2 below.

Melting temperature
(° C) Shore hardness Melt speed / solidification speed Diameter of filament (mm) Example 1 280 91 A / A 1.75 Example 2 220 93 A / A 1.50 Example 3 200 97 A / A 2.0 Example 4 198 90 A / A 3.0 Example 5 265 93 A / B 1.75 Example 6 210 90 A / A 2.5 Example 7 250 89 B / B 3.0

The features, structures, effects, and the like illustrated in the above-described embodiments can be combined and modified in other embodiments by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments belong. Therefore, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to these combinations and modifications.

Claims (8)

Polymer resin;
An alloy powder of a metal or a metal having a melting point of 300 DEG C or lower; And
An additive comprising polyethylenimine, carboxymethylated polyethyleneimine, polyurethane, poly (acrylic acid), poly (vinyl alcohol) or poly (iminoacetic acid)
The metal or metal alloy powder includes at least one metal or metal alloy powder selected from the group consisting of Pb, Sn, Bi, Ga and In,
Wherein the metal or metal alloy powder is contained in an amount of 20 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer resin, and the additive is included in an amount of 3 to 10 parts by weight.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the metal or metal alloy powder has a particle diameter (D50) of 1 to 60 占 퐉.
delete The method according to claim 1,
The polymer resin may be selected from the group consisting of ABS (Acrylonitrile Poly-Butadiene Styrene), PLA (Poly-Lactic Acid), PET (Poly Ethylene Terephthalate), HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene), PVA And at least one polymer resin selected from the group consisting of PC (Polycarbonate) and Nylon.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the polymer resin is dried at 40 to 120 캜 for 2 hours or more to have a water content of 1% or less.
Polymer resin;
An alloy powder of a metal or a metal having a melting point of 300 DEG C or lower; And
A filament for a 3D printer, comprising: an additive comprising polyethyleneimine, carboxymethylated polyethyleneimine, polyurethane, acrylic acid, poly (vinyl alcohol) or poly (iminoacetic acid)
Wherein the metal or metal alloy powder includes at least one metal or metal alloy powder selected from the group consisting of Pb, Sn, Bi, Ga and In,
Wherein the metal or metal alloy powder is contained in an amount of 20 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer resin and 3 to 10 parts by weight of the additive,
Wherein the diameter of the filament for the 3D printer is 1.50 to 3.0 mm and the melting point of the 3D printed object using the filament for the 3D printer is 200 to 350 ° C.