KR101308514B1 - Dual-polarized antenna having longitudinal or transverse webs - Google Patents

Abstract

The antenna has longitudinal and cross bars (9, 11) that are arranged in a reflector (3), where a radiator device (1) is arranged between the longitudinal bars. The polarization planes of the radiator device are aligned in a specified angle to longitudinal and transverse directions (5, 7) of the reflector. The longitudinal and/or the cross bars are length-variable in a direct or indirect manner by deviation and/or bending and/or deformation and curving. The longitudinal bars run in the longitudinal direction and the cross bars run in the cross direction.

Description

Dual polarized antenna with longitudinal or transverse web {DUAL-POLARIZED ANTENNA HAVING LONGITUDINAL OR TRANSVERSE WEBS}

The present invention relates to a dual polarized antenna according to the higher concept of claim 1 of the present application.

In particular, the antenna provided for the base station of the radio receiving antenna generally comprises a reflector, and the reflector is provided with a plurality of antenna element devices positioned offset to each other in the vertical direction, for example double There is a polarization antenna element or a patch antenna element. They can emit and receive, for example, at two polarization planes located at one or perpendicular to each other. Here the antenna element can be configured to receive only in a predetermined frequency band. However, the antenna device may also be formed as a multi-band antenna, for example, may be configured to transmit or receive in two frequency offset frequency bands. Also known are multi-zone antennas, including so-called three-band antennas and other frequency bands.

It is generally required from the radio receiving antenna being used that the altitude in the main radiation direction is horizontal or slightly lowered (eg up to 10 ° or 15 °). Also, the full width at half maximum in one section should generally be less than the half width in the azimuth direction in one section. Because of this, wireless receive antennas are typically installed and designed so that the longest length extends vertically. Typical half widths may be present at, for example, approximately 45 °, 65 °, 90 °, 120 ° and the like.

In addition, the current generation of the wireless receiving antenna is configured such that its so-called down-tilt angle may be set to be preferably changed by radio control. In other words, that is, the radiation angle can generally be set in various ranges downwards, through which the associated radio receiving cell which performs radiation is varied.

It is known, for example, from DE 101 04 564 C1 to set and adjust a phase shifter by means of a radio-controllable and repairable control unit.

In many cases, however, it is desirable to carry out radiation molding. This is important on the one hand in relation to the change in half width (particularly in the horizontal or azimuthal direction and rarely in the vertical or altitude direction) and on the other hand (generally by various settings of the down tilt angle, but in the azimuth direction if necessary). It is also important with regard to the change in the main radiation direction (by changing the radiation direction).

In particular antenna structures capable of changing the radiation shaping in the horizontal direction are known, for example, from WO 2005/015600 A1. According to the known antenna, the antenna element is provided with variable output distribution by the phase shifter and the hybrid device, the hybrid device being arranged in at least two columns. Through power distribution, corresponding radiation shaping can be carried out with various alignments in the horizontal direction. Of course, the radiation shaping described above is only possible when an antenna array having at least two rows is used.

It can be seen that alternative methods for radiation shaping are also known, for example, in DE 103 36 072 A1. This is done by using at least two antenna element devices, wherein the main axes of the at least two antenna element devices are aligned at an angle with respect to each other. Since at least both antenna elements can be provided with varying intensities through the network, the two main lobes of both antenna element devices are thus angled to produce a current according to the output to vary the alignment of the main antenna element direction. This can be implemented.

Finally, a method for carrying out radiation shaping is basically known from WO 02/05383 A1. By using an antenna array having at least three rows each having at least one antenna element device disposed therein, current is generated differently from the antenna element device located at the center relative to the antenna element device located outside, thereby providing a predetermined radiation. Molding can be performed.

General antenna element arrangements are known, for example, from US Pat. No. 5,469,181 A. The antenna includes a reflector, in front of the reflector, a dipole antenna element, which is arranged in a vertical direction, such as when the reflector is normally aligned vertically. The left and right sides of the reflector are equipped with side webs that are pivotable at different angular positions relative to the reflector, thus affecting the radiation diagram through different settings of the side webs.

Substantially similar antennas in this regard are known in particular in US 2003/0184491 A1.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved dual polarized antenna, in particular a wireless receiving antenna, which enables radiation shaping in a predetermined area, for example with respect to various settable main radiation directions or various half widths, by simple technical means.

According to the invention this object is achieved by the features mentioned in claim 1 of the present application. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, it is possible to carry out radiation shaping by simple means, in particular with respect to a single radiation or a single group of antenna elements, ie with antenna elements arranged in particular only for example in columns or rows. This can also be done with respect to the antenna.

Radiation shaping in relation to the main propagation direction (ie alignment of the main lobe) of the antenna in the vertical or horizontal direction can be performed here. Corresponding changes to the setting of half width can also be done vertically or horizontally.

Herein the invention is, for example, in the form of a double polarized dipole antenna element (basically in the form of a cross dipole antenna, a square dipole antenna or a so-called vector dipole antenna as known from DE 198 60 121 A1) or a double polarized patch antenna It can be implemented in the basic form associated with a single dual polarized antenna element device in element form or using both antenna element types described above.

According to the present invention, the advantages of the means for achieving the above object can be realized in a dual polarized antenna element or a dual polarized antenna, in which the antenna, antenna element or group of antenna elements can emit or receive in two mutually positioned polarized planes. The two mutually positioned polarization planes are aligned at an angle of + 45 ° or -45 ° with respect to the vertical line (and thus also with respect to the horizontal line).

However, corresponding radiation shaping is also possible, for example, when the range of the antenna extends to a single row of antennas provided with a plurality of antenna element devices arranged at least in a vertical direction. However, the range of the antenna may also be extended to antennas provided with antenna element devices arranged side by side only in the horizontal direction, for example. Finally, according to the present invention, the antenna array may be configured to have a plurality of rows which are generally arranged vertically extending side by side (i.e., offset from one another in the horizontal direction), each of which has a plurality of rows. That is, at least two antenna element devices are provided, for example in the form of a dual polarized dipole antenna element or a dual polarized patch antenna element.

The antenna according to the invention presupposes a structural unit having a structure in which an antenna element or a group of antenna elements is provided in particular in front of the reflector. The reflector here comprises a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction (generally positioned perpendicular to the longitudinal direction). In general, such antennas are configured such that their longitudinal directions extend parallel to or perpendicular to the vertical direction, so that the transverse direction represents approximately the horizontal direction.

As is known, a longitudinal web (a longitudinal web positioned so as to be offset from the antenna element arrangement present between them on either the left or the right side) is lifted from the reflector, the longitudinal web being correspondingly aligned vertically. If it extends vertically or approximately vertically. Alternatively or in addition a transverse web (with at least one antenna element disposed therebetween) may also be provided protruding from the reflector, said transverse web being horizontal or approximately horizontal in the general alignment of the antenna. Can be extended. The longitudinal and transverse webs may be provided at the outer edges of the reflector, but the longitudinal and transverse webs may be located at different points of the reflector, ie more adjacent onto the associated antenna element spaced apart from the outer edges. It may be offset position.

The antenna elements are preferably aligned, as already described, so that the two polarization planes located perpendicular to each other are arranged extending in the longitudinal or transverse web at an angle of ± 45 °. In general, the antenna element is preferably configured to extend at an angle of ± 45 ° or approximately ± 45 ° with respect to the longitudinal or transverse bar.

As in the prior art, two opposing longitudinal webs can be provided, which can be pivoted to different relative positions with respect to the reflector. In addition to the prior art it is also possible in the area of the invention to be provided with transverse webs which can alternatively or additionally be adjusted to different relative positions around the transverse axis. In this way, the associated longitudinal or transverse web extends to be spaced apart from the reflector, on the one hand, aligned to extend toward the associated antenna element, or aligned to extend away from the antenna element in another alignment position, or any good between the extreme positions. It may also be aligned in the middle position of.

According to the invention, in contrast to the prior art, it is proposed that at least one and preferably two longitudinal webs or at least one or preferably two transverse webs are DC separated from the original reflector. A slit can be formed between the longitudinal or transverse web and the reflector defining it through the longitudinal or transverse web whose position can be varied. The web can thus be provided with a predetermined recess, in particular when the axis or curved area has a predetermined distance to the reflector, for example a recess in the axis or curved area section. Electrical connections between the parts that are present and moving have corresponding slits or gaps. Especially if the dipole antenna element is not vertical or horizontal or the horizontal component is aligned in front of the reflector, i.e. for example for a dual polarized antenna element that is aligned with respect to the vertical or horizontal line at an angle of + 45 ° or -45 °, This slit causes a partially undesirable change in the radiation diagram. By using an additional longitudinal or transverse web mounted in front of the slit in terms of the antenna element, improved diagram shaping is ensured in the area of the invention, since it is positioned approximately behind it via the longitudinal or transverse web. The slits are covered or covered. Here a "slit" may be provided between the pivotable web and the reflector. However, since the pivotable side or longitudinal web is connected to the reflector, for example via a film hinge, the electrically conductive coating is blocked between the pivot (or pivotable) web and the reflector surface, so that only the dielectric material is in this region. By being present, the slit may be formed in relation to the electrical face.

The pivotable part, in particular the longitudinal or transverse web, can be at least partially capacitively connected with the reflector (eg via a small gap). Capacitive connection may also be possible, for example, by having a rotatable inner conductor electrically DC connected with the reflector forming its own axis of rotation, the inner conductor being the corresponding outer conductor separated through a dielectric on the reflector. Is coupled to the sieve part. The length of the inner conductor component here is preferably approximately [lambda] / 4, i.e., 1/4 of the wavelength of the transmitted frequency band (generally preferably corresponding to the intermediate frequency of the frequency band). However, other capacitive methods can be considered.

In the preferred embodiment each of the two longitudinal or transverse webs can be driven individually or independently or in pairs (synchronously if necessary), and in particular can also be adjusted radio-controlled or manually. The directional or transverse webs extend, for example, aligned more to the left or more to the right with respect to the axis of symmetry extending in the longitudinal direction. In particular, when using a radio control device, the radio control device may be formed to be repairable.

Finally, in the preferred embodiment, for example, the longitudinal or transverse webs may be arranged differently, so that the light spacing therebetween may be extended or reduced, ie longitudinally with respect to the antenna element seated therebetween. Or the transverse web may be aligned to diverge or converge in the radial direction.

By pivoting left and right in parallel, the main lobe device can be adjusted, the half width being reduced when the longitudinal or transverse webs are aligned to diverge by pivoting oppositely and the half width is increased when aligned to converge. This is possible not only in each antenna element but also in a radiation-equipped antenna arranged only in columns or rows, for example.

The corresponding positional change can be done, for example, by pivoting the longitudinal or transverse web by the pivot axis, which pivot axis is preferably formed at the transition from the reflector plane to the longitudinal web. The pivot axis may also be formed as a curved axis. However, since the pivot or curvature axis may be formed in some height portion of the lateral adjacencies or may be located in the reflector area, some surfaces of the reflector may be pivoted together with the lateral or transverse adjacencies.

Finally, for example by means of an adjusting device the strain, preferably the elastic strain, acts on the reflector or on the longitudinal side or transverse side adjacencies, so that they are each preferably elastically curved as necessary, so that one component is selectively varied. The strength extends toward or away from the associated antenna element.

The use of antenna arrangements with displaceable side webs is basically known from US Pat. No. 5,710,569 A. Of course, the publication only discloses antennas that are vertically polarized using a single dipole antenna element. In other words, there is no dual polarized antenna device operating by two polarized planes which exist perpendicular to each other.

Furthermore, the polarization plane of a single polarization antenna element according to US Pat. No. 5,710,569 A is aligned parallel to the side web, whereas in a dual polarization antenna according to the invention the polarization plane is at least approximately 45 relative to the lateral abutment, ie the longitudinal web. Has an angle.

In contrast to US Pat. No. 5,710,569 A, in the area of the solution according to the invention polarization decoupling (mutual polarization and cross polarization ratio in operation by differently aligning the longitudinal or transverse adjacent to the relevant dual polarized antenna element) It is proposed to perform network optimization with respect to (co- / cross-polarization ratio). However, in regions where the longitudinal or transverse neighbors are aligned differently, a change in the Vor-Rueckverhaeltnis may occur, which may affect the interference. Finally, the solution according to the invention also influences the gain and half width of the antenna. In particular, the full width at half maximum can be changed in the horizontal or vertical direction when the antennas are correspondingly vertically aligned and the radiation of the main lobe can also be changed or adjusted in the altitude direction (ie down tilt angle) and azimuth direction. The dual polarized antenna according to the invention is characterized in particular by obtaining polarized decoupling. This allows for operation with high bandwidths of, for example, 1710 to 2170 MHz or 806 to 960 MHz. In other frequency bands the antenna is broadband. In particular, high separation between various polarization connections, for example 25 dB, 30 dB, may be implemented. Another essential advantage is the high intermodulation stability for systems with multiple carriers or broadband systems.

In a particularly preferred embodiment the corresponding antenna arrangement is adapted to be provided with at least one row having a plurality of antenna elements arranged side by side or stacked in the longitudinal direction. If the reflector has only longitudinal adjacencies, for example, the longitudinal adjacencies may be arranged at different lateral spacings in each antenna element or antenna element type as well. Correspondingly different reflectors of different widths may also be configured to extend transversely. The same applies to the case where a plurality of antenna elements are arranged side by side in the transverse direction, correspondingly when only the transverse neighbors are used.

If a plurality of antenna elements are arranged side by side in the longitudinal or transverse direction, preferably a pair of longitudinal or transverse adjacencies each positioned side by side is used, i.e. for each associated antenna element or each antenna element area, adjacent antennas Regardless of the element or antenna element area, the desired radiation shaping can be performed.

The longitudinal or transverse web is preferably in direct DC connection with the original reflector. If an electrically non-conductive pivot or joint device is used, a connection between the longitudinal or transverse web and the original reflector surface can be made via a separate electrical DC connection device. However, a capacitive connection of the original reflector to the longitudinal or transverse web is also possible. The above-described sidewall portions (ie longitudinal or transverse webs) can also be electrically connected to each other, electrically DC separated or partially electrically connected. Corresponding longitudinal or transverse webs can likewise be formed separately for the antenna element or antenna element device and can only be partially mechanically connected if necessary. The dimensions of the longitudinal or transverse web may differ in terms of length and height, and also in relation to the spacing to the midpoint of the relevant antenna element. The longitudinal and transverse webs are not necessarily formed to extend linearly in the cross section, but may have an arbitrary profile in a wide area. Webs, in particular side webs or movable parts, may also be equipped with so-called passive slits, which are basically known from EP 0 916 169 B1.

As already explained, the pivotable part can be mechanically connected to the reflector, for example through a spring element on a foil substrate, for example through a movable structure in the form of a thin conductive coating or for example a partially flexible printed circuit. The connection is made by using the bendable area of the substrate. Capacitive or cable connection with the reflector can be made, for example, via two surfaces or cable elements, the connecting device likewise correspondingly corresponding approximately λ / 4 of the relevant operating wavelength (preferably intermediate operating wavelength). Has a length.

Finally, longitudinal or transverse webs may also be formed of fully or partially suitable dielectric materials, allowing for corresponding radiation shaping in large areas.

The invention is illustrated in more detail by the following examples.

1 shows a schematic perspective view of an antenna comprising an antenna element arrangement and a pivotable longitudinal or transverse web.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of the embodiment according to FIG. 1.

3A-3E show cross-sectional views along line III-III of FIG. 2, reproducing various methods of pivoting longitudinal webs.

4A-4E show cross-sectional views along line III-III of FIG. 2, reproducing various pivoting methods of the transverse web.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic plan view of the antenna according to the invention corresponding to FIG. 1 in which the longitudinal or transverse web is specifically configured with the antenna element arrangement omitted; FIG.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment from FIG. 5.

7 is a schematic representation of a specific pivoting method of a longitudinal web for a reflector.

7a shows a slightly modified embodiment of the drawing according to FIG. 7.

FIG. 7B shows a slightly more modified embodiment of FIG. 7A.

8 shows a modified embodiment according to FIG. 7.

9 shows a longitudinal section through the coaxial capacitive connection region according to FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a modified embodiment of a pivotable longitudinal or transverse web, showing an antenna with four antenna element arrangements with one row.

11 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the embodiment according to FIG.

12 and 13 are schematic side views illustrating the pivoting device which is arranged and arranged differently, in a view comparable to FIGS. 3B and 3D.

14 is a schematic perspective view showing another embodiment according to the present invention.

15 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the embodiment according to FIG.

FIG. 15A is a view associated with the modification to FIG. 15, which is a schematic enlarged view showing that the longitudinal web does not collide with the transverse web when the slit is mounted in the longitudinal web and the longitudinal web is pivoted inward.

Figure 16 is a schematic front view showing an antenna array according to the present invention having two columns and a total of eight antenna element devices.

FIG. 16A is a schematic three-dimensional view corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 17 is a diagram of another embodiment of an antenna array having four antenna element devices, in which a lateral adjacency is disposed at different lateral spacings for each antenna element device.

18 is a three-dimensional top view of the embodiment of FIG.

Fig. 19 is a cross sectional view showing another modification, for example, in which the longitudinal web includes another pivot axis.

FIG. 20 illustrates an embodiment in which each of the longitudinal webs are laterally offset and extends in parallel longitudinal extension sections, the inner longitudinal webs being pivotable respectively and the outer longitudinal webs being fixed. .

20A is a schematic three-dimensional view showing the embodiment according to FIG.

FIG. 21 is another embodiment comparable to the embodiment according to FIG. 20, in which two longitudinal webs each extending in a longitudinal direction parallel to one another on the side of the antenna element are each pivotable independently of one another; FIG. According to 21 it is a schematic cross sectional view showing the inclined outer web being inward.

FIG. 22 is a view corresponding to FIG. 21, showing the inner longitudinal web being flipped onto the reflector and the outer longitudinal web projecting away from the reflector.

FIG. 23 is another view comparable to the ones according to FIGS. 21 and 22, showing longitudinal webs extending in pairs adjacent to each other in longitudinal direction, for example, extending along each other when viewed from a reflector;

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, which shows a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment according to the present invention of a dual polarized antenna, and Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the embodiment according to Fig. 1. The front view is shown. The antenna according to the invention here comprises a dual polarized antenna element and a dual polarized antenna element device 1. Here only the basic structure of an antenna or reflector having a longitudinal or transverse web which can be oriented in various alignment positions is first described by FIGS. 1 to 6, connecting the longitudinal or transverse web according to the invention. 7 to 9 are described.

In the illustrated embodiment, the dual poarized radiator device 1 consists of a dipole antenna element 1 ', which is a polarization plane P1, which is perpendicular to each other. Radiation, i.e., transmit and receive at P2) (i.e. aligned with each other at a 90 ° angle-FIG. 2). The dipole antenna element 1 'can be, for example, a cross dipole antenna element or a square dipole antenna element. In the illustrated embodiment, there is basically shown a so-called vector dipole antenna known from DE 198 60 121 A1.

The dual polarized antenna element device 1 is arranged in front of the reflector 3. In the illustrated embodiment the reflector 3 may be a flat reflector. However, the reflector may have a three-dimensional structure, for example cylindrically curved around at least one axis, or may include, for example, a portion of a ball-shaped bend, or may be formed by a curved portion of another shape. Can be.

In the embodiment shown, the reflector 3 extends essentially in two dimensions, thereby defining a longitudinal (5) extension and a transverse (7) extension. In the general structure of such an antenna, for example, the longitudinal (5) extensions extend in the vertical direction or essentially in the vertical direction, so that the transverse (7) extensions are shown in the horizontal direction or in the essentially horizontal direction. As can also be seen in the drawing according to FIG. 2, the two mutually perpendicular polarization planes P1, P2 are arranged to extend relative to the longitudinal direction 5 or the transverse direction 7 at an angle of ± 45 ° or at least It is approximately aligned like this. If the antenna or antenna array is correspondingly aligned in the vertical or horizontal direction, thus forming a so-called X polarization in which the two polarization planes P1 and P2 are aligned with respect to the vertical line or the horizontal line at an angle of ± 45 °. .

Two longitudinal webs 9 are provided essentially parallel to the longitudinal extension 5, which longitudinal webs 9 are on the outer adjacent edge 3 ′ of the reflector 3. Can be placed in. However, the longitudinal web 9 may be arranged in front of the reflector, offset so as to be biased towards the antenna element device 1 from the adjacent edge 3 ′ of the reflector 3. That is, the longitudinal webs 9 are arranged to be offset from each other in the lateral direction, and the antenna element device 1 is located and accommodated therebetween.

The longitudinal web 9 is raised in front of the reflector plane, ie the at least one component is aligned transversely or preferably vertically with respect to the reflector 3, at least in the region of the antenna element device 1 or as required. Alignment transversely or preferably vertically with respect to the reflector region 3a in the antenna element base (in the case of the dual polarized antenna element device 1, for example, the base point of the associated symmetry part 1a) provided in the case. do.

Also in the illustrated embodiment two transverse webs 11 are provided so as to extend in the transverse direction 7, wherein the transverse webs 11 are arranged offset from each other in the longitudinal direction 5, between which The polarization antenna element device 1 is located and received. The formation and placement of the transverse web 11 can be compared to the longitudinal web 9, but this is not necessary. The transverse web 11 may also be arranged on the adjacent edge 3 ′ of the reflector 3 or may be arranged on the dual polarized antenna element device 1 offset for convenience from the edge. The transverse web 11 also has at least one component raised, perpendicular to the plane of the reflector 3 or to the corresponding reflector region 3a of the antenna element device 1 region in the illustrated embodiment. It is elevated.

The illustrated structure defines an antenna periphery, ie an antenna element periphery 101, wherein the antenna element periphery 101 is for example a longitudinal straight line 105 extending parallel to one another and 90 ° with respect to it. And a pair of transverse straight lines 107 positioned to be offset so as to extend laterally, on the longitudinal straight line 105 and the transverse straight line 107 as described above in the longitudinal and transverse bars or longitudinal webs. 9 and the transverse web 11 are arranged, and the longitudinal straight line 105 and the transverse straight line 107 may coincide with, but not necessarily coincide with, the adjacent edge 3 'of the reflector 3. It is not necessary to, for example, be located between the reflector adjacent edge 3 ′ and the associated dual polarization antenna element device 1, the longitudinal and transverse straight lines 105, 107 being preferably reflectors 3. It extends parallel to the adjacent edge 3 'of). Dual and polarized antenna element devices associated with longitudinal webs 9 and transverse webs 11, also referred to in part as longitudinal and transverse profiles or longitudinal and transverse adjacencies or longitudinal and transverse lateral adjacencies The spacing of the antenna element periphery 101 between (1) is preferably 0.3 lambda or more and 1.2 lambda or less, where λ is the wavelength of the frequency band to be transmitted, and preferably is the intermediate wavelength of the frequency band to be transmitted. .

The dual polarized antenna element device 1 emits from two mutually perpendicular polarization planes P1 and P2 as described above, wherein the two mutually perpendicular polarization planes P1 and P2 are X-shaped in the illustrated embodiment. Are arranged with respect to the longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11 at a + 45 ° or -45 ° angle, which are not aligned parallel to the longitudinal or transverse web.

The cross-sectional view along the line III-III of FIG. 2 is reproduced in the drawing according to FIG. 3A. From this, one can see the basic alignment of the longitudinal web 9 with respect to the reflector region 3a in the region of symmetry 1a in the presence of the reflector or antenna element region or the dual polarized dipole antenna element present, ie In the general structure it is preferably arranged perpendicular to the plane of the reflector. In this initial position the two longitudinal webs 9 extend parallel to one another (here aligned vertically with respect to the reflector 3), so that the two longitudinal webs 9 have a wide longitudinal spacing LA. Are placed against each other.

However, it is proposed that the longitudinal web 9, which is a longitudinal side adjacency, is preferably jointly pivotable in different ways in each or other embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 3b shows that the longitudinal web 9, for example the left and right side adjacencies, can be adjusted in the same adjustment direction, in the embodiment shown in accordance with Fig. 3b in a pivoted position counterclockwise. do. It can be seen from this that the corresponding antenna is generally arranged in a direction perpendicular to the reflector plane or basically in a vertical direction, and according to the cross section, the main lobe direction when the longitudinal web 9 is aligned as above No longer vertically aligned with respect to the plane of the reflector 3, but pivoting clockwise to the right in its azimuth direction, ie opposite to the pivot direction of the longitudinal web 9 which is the left and right side adjacencies. Direction. Only in special cases (extreme dimensioning, specific combinations, predetermined resonance conditions, etc.) pivoting in the main lobe direction can possibly be done in other directions.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 3c the adjustment or pivoting of the longitudinal web 9 can be done clockwise, so that the main lobe is pivoted in the opposite direction.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3d, the two longitudinal webs are adjusted outwardly from the associated antenna element arrangement so that the longitudinal webs 9 are aligned to diverge when viewed from the reflector. This increases the light spacing LA between the longitudinal webs at the free end 9 ′ of the upper edge of the longitudinal web 9 opposite the reflector 3 compared to the basic position in FIG. 3A. .

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3e the two longitudinal webs 9 are arranged to pivot (converge) towards each other or to taper towards each other, thereby freeing the upper edge of the longitudinal web 9. The longitudinal longitudinal distance LA between the ends 9 'is reduced. In the two cases mentioned above, the reduction or expansion of the half width of the main lobe can be done.

The transverse web 11 can, for example, be adjusted individually or jointly as above or alternatively, in the figure according to FIG. 4a a corresponding cross section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 2 is shown, The transverse web 11 is aligned essentially perpendicular to the plane of the reflector region 3a of the reflector or dual polarized antenna element device 1 region. The transverse webs here can likewise pivot in one direction or the other in a joint manner (Figs. 4b, 4c). The transverse webs 11 can also be set to taper towards each other to diverge or converge with respect to the antenna element arrangement from the reflector plane (FIGS. 4D, 4E). However, only one transverse web can correspondingly be aligned or pivoted in another direction, and the other transverse web is generally maintained in its original position according to FIG. 4A. According to different adjustments, the optical spacing LA between the free ends 11 ′ of the transverse web 11 jointly or differently pivoted likewise changes, so that the longitudinal longitudinal spacing LA in FIGS. 4A-4C. Is kept the same, in the case of the diverging view according to FIG. 4D the optical longitudinal spacing LA becomes large, and in the case of the converging view of the transverse web 11 according to FIG. 4E.

Basically the antenna may be equipped with only longitudinal webs 9 or only with transverse webs 11, depending on the corresponding influence and whether the radiation shaping should be done in the transverse direction or only in the longitudinal direction. In extreme situations, for example, only a single longitudinal web or a single transverse web may be provided, i.e. an asymmetrical arrangement is made, in which one longitudinal or transverse web is provided on only one side and is opposite. No web is implemented on the side. However, if desired, positionally variable longitudinal or transverse webs can be provided only on the longitudinal or transverse side, and opposing longitudinal or transverse webs provided on the other side of the antenna element arrangement cannot be adjusted.

As can be seen by the drawing according to FIGS. 1 to 4e, the longitudinal and transverse webs 9, 11 have already ended before the corner part 15 (FIGS. 1 and 2) and the corner part ( 15 is shown as a corner of the reflector 3 or as an intersection of the longitudinal and transverse axis or longitudinal straight line 105, the transverse straight line 107, and the longitudinal and transverse axis or straight line ( 105, 107 may be formed as a pivot or for example a curved axis or straight line 17 (FIGS. 1 and 2). This offers the advantage that, for example, the longitudinal web and the transverse web can be pivoted in the at least sufficient adjustment area towards the antenna element device 1, preferably to the maximum final position, in the longitudinal direction at the maximum final position. The web and the transverse web do not collide with each other or, if any, come into contact at the corners.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, for example, only the transverse web 11 is trapezoidal, so that the longitudinal web 9 is obstructed up to an extension of the non-parallel side of the trapezoidal surface of the transverse web 11. Can be pivoted towards the antenna element device 1 without receiving it. In other words, each other web in this embodiment, ie the longitudinal web 9 in this embodiment, has a length substantially corresponding to or longer than the spacing between the trapezoidal transverse webs 11. However, the embodiment may be formed in reverse, i.e., the longitudinal web consists of a trapezoid and the transverse web consists of a rectangle, likewise all longitudinal and transverse webs consist of a trapezoidal or not rectangular. It may also have other surface extensions. 5 and 6 below, each antenna element 1 is not shown for convenience.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the length of the longitudinal web 9 is wide in the longitudinal direction between the transverse webs 11 so that the longitudinal web can be pivoted inwards towards the antenna element arrangement as well as outward as required. Slightly smaller than the gap LA. This is particularly suitable, for example, when no transverse web is provided or when the transverse web mainly has to change its alignment or only to pivot outward.

So far it has only been shown that the longitudinal or transverse web can be moved to various alignment positions, for example by pivoting along the longitudinal straight line 105, the transverse straight line 107. That is, the longitudinal and transverse straight lines may be formed as the pivot axis 17. However, the above-mentioned longitudinal and transverse straight lines 105, 107 can also be configured as curved lines, so as to not only carry out the corresponding position change or carry out the desired adjustment, but also maintain it permanently. This can be ensured by a suitable mechanical or electrically driveable (radio steerable) device. In this context, the concept of "pivot" also means that the position is changed by bending along the curve, so the concept of "pivot axis" also means "curve axis".

The following describes how the longitudinal or transverse web or part thereof is formed according to the invention in the scope of the embodiments described according to the other figures in the present application, ie DC separated from the reflector 3 or capacitively connected thereto. And how the slots occurring between the pivotable longitudinal or transverse webs in the region of the pivot axis or between the pivotable portions of the longitudinal or transverse webs are seated on the reflector by additional longitudinal or transverse webs. Whether covered or covered is described in detail with reference to FIGS.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 7 a longitudinal web 9 is shown suspended on a pivot axis 17 which is at least mechanically connected, for example, with a unique reflector 3. The pivot axis 17 may be made of a dielectric, that is, a non-conductive material. A separate and electrically conductive bonding wire 19 is provided here to electrically connect the pivotable web with the reflector 3, which in each case is required differently from the present invention.

7 shows a partial view of the reflector 3, for example with only a longitudinal web 9. Only the longitudinal web 9 which is slightly folded out is shown. The reflector 3 is for example electrically DC and also mechanically connected to the conductive sleeve 17a at its one longitudinally adjacent edge 3 ′, the shaft body 17 ′ being connected to the conductive sleeve 17a. It is extended through the fitted state. The shaft body 17 'may be made of a dielectric material. The pivotable longitudinal web 9 is likewise at least mechanically fixedly connected to the plurality of longitudinally offset conductive sleeves 17a, through which the shaft body 17 'is likewise fitted. As a result of this the pivot axis is formed, for example the longitudinal web 9 and the pivot axis 17 formed as described above can be pivoted relative to the reflector 3. The longitudinal web 9 here has a conductive sleeve 17b which is mechanically fixed and supports the longitudinal web 9. The above-mentioned conductive sleeves 17a and 17b used as the retaining device are made of an electrically conductive material, for example, and may be made of metal in particular. In this case, the conductive sleeves 17a and 17b are electrically connected to the reflector or the longitudinal web 9. If DC separation is desired in the area of the present invention, an axis body 17 'made of a dielectric material is used. If an electrical DC connection is required, in this case the electrical DC connection can be formed via a separate coupling wire 19, which can be soldered at its end point, for example. The side longitudinal web 9 is in electrical DC connection with the reflector 3.

When a pivot shaft 17 made of an electrically conductive material is used, the conductive sleeves 17a and 17b used as the pivoting device may also be made of an electrically non-conductive material, provided that electrical isolation should be provided as desired in the area of the present invention. Can be done.

In Fig. 7a a change and a variant are shown, i.e. with a second longitudinal web 9a positioned slightly offset inward with respect to the adjacent edge 3 'while seated on the reflector 3; The second longitudinal web 9a has a smaller height than the pivot or adjustable web 9 present on the outside in the illustrated embodiment. Through this additional (especially fixed) second longitudinal web 9a, which is partially dimensioned slightly smaller in height, the slit 18 formed between the pivotable web 9 and the reflector 3 is covered or Can be covered. A correspondingly inwardly offset second transverse web 11a may likewise be provided for the variable positional transverse web 11, which is not shown in detail in the drawings. In this regard, in Fig. 7A, the reference numeral “11a” is shown in parentheses next to “9a,” and “11” is shown next to “9” for the longitudinal web. Reproduction by the drawings accordingly means that the same applies to the configuration in which the second transverse web 11a is added in front of the transverse web 11.

As can be seen from the view according to FIG. 7A, the height of the additional second longitudinal web 9a and the second transverse web 11a extending perpendicular to the plane of the reflector 3 are adjacent pivotable longitudinally. It is much smaller than the width of the web 9 or the transverse web 11. In this regard the height of the additional webs must be clearly smaller than the width of the adjacent pivotable longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11, so that the longitudinal web or the transverse web is pivotable even at an inclined position. (9) and the outer edge located on top of the transverse web 11 are located above the fixed second longitudinal web 9a and the upper adjacent edge 3 'of the second transverse web 11a. Only the slit 18 is covered since at least the pivotable longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11 has to operate in view of the dipole antenna type antenna element arrangement. The height of the second longitudinal web 9a and the second transverse web 11a fixed in the embodiment shown therefrom is half, in particular 40% or 30%, of the width of the adjacent pivotable webs 9, 11. , In particular less than 25%. The heights of the fixed second longitudinal webs 9a and the second transverse webs 11a are generally chosen such that the slits 18 located behind them are covered or covered in view of the dipole antenna.

FIG. 7B shows the longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11 of the above-described additional second longitudinal 9a or second transverse web 11a pivotable on the reflector in terms of the antenna element arrangement. It is shown that it can be placed not only in the front but also in the rear. Such webs, which are additionally provided at the rear of the longitudinal or transverse webs and extend to a small height, are likewise shown by reference numerals 9a or 11a. Finally, these additional second longitudinal webs 9a and the second transverse The directional web 11a can also be arranged in front of as well as in front of the pivotable webs 9, 11 from the point of view of the antenna element arrangement, ie as shown in FIG. 7B, the pivotable web 9, 11) on both sides.

The above-described structure alternatively having a second longitudinal web 9a and a second transverse web 11a disposed behind the pivotable web and additionally fixed on the reflector, or for example two additional ones as described above. The above-described structure, including a variant having a second longitudinal web 9a and a second transverse web 11a, with pivotable webs 9 and 11 seated therebetween, is hereby referred to herein. Without being described in detail again, it may be implemented in all embodiments described in the scope of the invention or variations thereof.

8 shows, for example, that the reflector 3 is fixedly connected with the electrically conductive cylinder 25 at a partial length on its longitudinal adjacent edge 3 ′, whereby the reflector 3 and the electrically conductive cylinder 25 are connected. It is shown that an electrical DC connection between them is formed. The cylinder has a cylindrical dielectric 27 inside the axial core (as can be seen in particular in the cross section according to FIG. 9). An electrically conductive inner conductor 31 is inserted into the inner longitudinal opening 29 through which the longitudinal web 9 is mechanically held at its end, for example. Is electrically connected to DC. The length of the electroconductive inner conductor 31 is preferably λ / 4, preferably for the intermediate frequency of the transmission frequency band. This achieves a coaxial capacitive connection between the reflector 3 and the longitudinal web 9. Corresponding fixation can also be made on the opposite side, so that each web is held by at least two said pivot devices. The lateral web can likewise be capacitively connected with the reflector 3. In this embodiment, the pivot shaft 17 is formed simultaneously by the capacitively connected inner electrically conductive conductor 31.

In particular, since the pivot axis 17 can also be configured as a curved line, the longitudinal or transverse web can be adjusted or pivoted in its alignment by its mechanism around the pivot axis 17.

In the following some other embodiments are shown, in particular by means of an antenna array with columns, in which the plurality of antenna elements 1 in the longitudinal direction (or for example the transverse direction), for example in the illustrated embodiment ie Four dual polarized antenna elements 1 in the form of so-called vector dipole antennas are arranged.

The cross-sectional perspective view in accordance with FIG. 10 and the side cross-sectional view in FIG. 11 show that the pivot axis 17 can also be provided at a partial height of the longitudinal or transverse web. In the cross-sectional view according to FIG. 11 a pivot or curved axis 17 is provided spaced apart from the plane of the reflector 3.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 12 and 13 the pivot axis 17 is provided in the original plane of the reflector 3. From this, in this embodiment the longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11 is preferably fixedly connected to the section 3 ”located outside of the reflector, so that it is located outside of the original reflector 3. The section 3 ″ is pivoted together, so that, for example, it can be seen how the pivot of the longitudinal web 9 (also likewise the transverse web 11) can be carried out.

However, unlike the embodiment shown, the longitudinal or transverse web may consist of, for example, an electrically conductive coating material or an electrically conductive synthetic resin material as well as an electrically conductive material which is generally a metal or metal plate. It is also possible to use dielectric materials, in particular materials with particularly high dielectric constants, which allows for characteristic radiation shaping.

14 is a perspective view of another embodiment of an antenna according to the present invention, and FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view. When the reflector 3 is generally vertically aligned, this results in a column arrangement comprising four antenna elements 1 arranged in superimposition with one another.

In the illustrated embodiment a longitudinal web 9 pivotable about the pivot axis for each relevant dual polarized antenna element device 1 is formed as a connected monolithic longitudinal web 9. The transverse web 11 shown is provided in this embodiment but cannot be adjusted, for example. In this embodiment, however, the transverse web is pivotally upwards or downwards or at least each transverse web is upwards or downwards to achieve particularly different electrical characteristics with respect to main lobe adjustment in the down tilt direction. It is possible.

For example, if the transverse web 11 is not adjustable but the continuous longitudinal web 9 is adjustable with respect to the dual polarized antenna element device 1 not only outward but also inward, it is within the longitudinal web opening. For example, it may be recommended to have a so-called slit-shaped opening or recess 12, which can be seen from the enlarged detail view according to Fig. 15A. The left longitudinal web is here pivoted outward. Since the right longitudinal web 9 is pivoted inwardly, a space is formed in this case by slits extending transverse to the curvature axis or pivot axis 17, the space penetrating by the end region of the transverse web. Can protrude. This example shows that in this case the transverse web extends to the outer adjacent edge 3 'of the reflector.

The embodiment according to Fig. 16 shows a schematic front view of an antenna array having two rows, and Fig. 16A shows a schematic perspective view of the embodiment, where each column is likewise equipped with four antenna element arrangements. In this embodiment there are provided two adjustable longitudinal webs and two associated transverse webs, each positioned externally and separated for each antenna element device and each associated antenna element field. Thus, two transverse webs or two longitudinal webs are respectively located between two horizontal or vertical antenna element devices, that is, between two antenna element devices arranged offset from each other in the longitudinal or transverse direction. The two transverse webs or the two longitudinal webs can be adjusted relative to the associated antenna element device, independent of the adjacent antenna element device, to achieve the desired radiation shaping. Thus, a dual polarized antenna element device 1 having two dipole antenna elements 1 'each arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction 5 or the transverse direction 7, i.e. offset relative to one another in the longitudinal or transverse direction. At the positioned antenna element periphery or periphery 101, each two longitudinal webs 9 or transverse webs 11 associated with different antenna elements are located relative to each other, and in each avoidance gap A Sufficient space is provided to adjust the longitudinal or transverse web outwards, that is to say, from each dual polarized antenna element device 1.

The embodiment shown in a plan view in accordance with FIG. 17 and in a schematic perspective view in accordance with FIG. 19 has a related dual polarized antenna element device 1, for example, in which a longitudinal web (but this also applies to a transverse web) as well. Or reflectors 3 can be arranged at different lateral spacings from their base point or symmetry 4, so that the reflector 3 is different for at least some of the dual polarized antenna element devices 1. It can be seen that it can have a transverse direction 7 width. At the ends of each longitudinal web 9 they can be connected to one another via a short second transverse web 11a coupling part. However, the longitudinal web may end up open without such a mating component. The transverse engagement component should be configured such that with respect to the length of the longitudinal section, the longitudinal web 9 can be adjusted preferably on the inside and out on its curve.

17 and 18 are also provided with two transverse webs 11, for example only for the top antenna element arrangement, which two transverse webs 11 are fixedly arranged (i.e. not adjustable) if necessary. Or) likewise tapered towards the associated antenna element device jointly or independent of each other or aligned away from the associated antenna element device in the radial direction.

The radiation shaping described above is always done in all the above-mentioned embodiments in the near region, i.e., λ or at least 2λ, less than 1.5λ or less than 1.2λ, and λ is the wavelength of the frequency band to be transmitted, preferably Is the intermediate wavelength.

In the case of the pivotable portions (either longitudinal or transverse webs) described above, they are preferably DC-connected with the reflector 3 as described above, and in particular bendable conductive structures, for example spring elements on foil substrates, thin DC connection is via a conductive coating or via, for example, a bendable region of the at least partially flexible printed circuit board. However, the pivotable part may be capacitively connected with the reflector 3 via a small gap, for example. The capacitive linkage here likewise can be variously configured by, for example, a coaxial capacitive linkage.

As can be seen from the embodiment shown above, one or more dual polarized antenna elements can be provided which are formed of the same type of structure or of different types of structures, at least always one, preferably at least always two pairs. The interlocking longitudinal webs or longitudinal profiles or transverse webs or transverse profiles can be pivoted with respect to each other or against each other or parallel to each other, in turn each or synchronously moved, with respect to the reflector It may be electrically connected or non-electrically conductive with respect to the reflector, partially electrically connected and not partially electrically connected. The lateral and longitudinal webs or profiles may be disposed separately from each other or may be at least partially connected to each other and may be at least mechanically or electrically DC connected to each other. Each component can be dimensioned in various lengths, transverses and heights, and the structure of the longitudinal or transverse webs or profiles can be chosen differently to achieve the desired advantageous effects.

It may be mentioned in addition to the above-described embodiment that, for example, the longitudinal web 9, which is a pivotable side wall, divides or transversely extends laterally relative to the longitudinal web 9, which is the side wall. It may be higher or smaller than the lateral web 11, which is a wall, which can be seen in the figure according to FIG. 18. The dividing wall can be configured to be fixed, that is, not movable. If the transverse web 11 is relatively long, the longitudinal web 9 may be provided with a corresponding recess in order to be able to pivot the transverse web 11 around its curved axis, which is illustrated in FIG. It is formed from the principle already mentioned in the embodiment according to 6.

Finally, it can be further mentioned that in the case of the antenna elements described in the various embodiments above, in particular when the antennas are provided with a plurality of antenna elements, they can be driven and operated respectively. However, the plurality of antenna elements may be electrically integrated into one group. It is not limited or limited in this regard.

In the following reference is made to the modified embodiment according to FIG. 19, wherein the modified embodiment according to FIG. 19 can be formed, for example, in which the longitudinal wall or longitudinal web 9 can also be formed in two parts, namely And a first section 9.1 and a second section 9.2, wherein the first section 9.1 and the second section 9.2 are connected to each other through a common curved line or pivot axis or inclined shaft body 17 '. It can be compared with FIGS. 3A-3E in the cross section (but also applies to the cross-sectional view according to FIGS. 4A-4E) in the cross section. The longitudinal web or longitudinal wall second section 9 .2 located closer to the reflector 3 has a curved line or corresponding pivot axis 17 or an inclined shaft body 17 ′ already described several times. Can be pivoted about the reflector. The second section component 9.2 located closer to the reflector may be curved as described in other embodiments or may correspond to the side sections of the original reflector, for example corresponding to the embodiment according to FIGS. 12 and 13. It can be pivoted together, beveled or curved.

For example, the longitudinal web first section 9. 1 located away from the reflector 3, if necessary, is provided with the longitudinal web first section 9. Pivot around the curved or inclined shaft body 17 '(by approximately 360 ° in total) corresponding to arrow 209 until it contacts another longitudinal web second section 9.2 located closer to. As such, the upper section of the longitudinal web 9 is completely folded and disabled.

Further, in each of the embodiments described above, the pivot axis 17, which may also be configured in the form of a curved axis, is provided in which the longitudinal or transverse web is DC isolated (electrically insulated) from the reflector or with the reflector. It can be implemented to be capacitively connected. In addition, for this embodiment, an additional longitudinal web or transverse web described by FIG. 7A may be disposed in front of the pivot axis 17 to shield the slit 18. Basically, the shaft body 17 'can be configured identically to the pivot axis 17 present in the transition portion of the reflector, so that the upper and lower longitudinal webs between the first section 9.1 and the second section 9.2. DC isolation (electrical isolation) or capacitive connections will be present. Furthermore, for this embodiment, the upper and lower longitudinal side faces can be arranged between the relevant second longitudinal web 9a or the second transverse web 11a, which can be arranged between the antenna element arrangement and the outer adjacent edge 3 '. The corresponding slit between the first section 9.1 and the second section 9.2 may be roughly covered or covered in view of the antenna element arrangement.

As described many times, the lower and upper longitudinal side first section 9.1 and the second section 9.2 may be aligned parallel to one another, pivoted left or right, and directed towards each other. It may be adjusted to extend or diverge, or may be variously formed. Finally, the second section 9.2 located closer to the reflector can be pivoted outward, so that the second section 9.2 is in the extension of the reflector 3 plane. This results in a change in the width (or length) of the reflector, in which case the longitudinal side second section 9 .2 at the outside is only as a single web, eg perpendicular to the reflector or generally aligned at an angle. maintain. However, the other section may be pivoted outward or inward to within the plane of the reflector, thereby changing the reflector width (or length).

If the section 9.2 is inclined inwards to the reflector plane, this results in a longitudinal side section 9. 1 which can be pivoted perpendicularly to the reflector plane or arbitrarily wide to the left or right.

The relationship described above may equally be mentioned for the transverse web. Finally, the longitudinal or transverse web may also be formed from a plurality of parts rather than two parts, thereby forming a plurality of curved, pivot or tilting axes which preferably extend parallel to one another, if necessary. do.

Basically, what can be mentioned is not only that the lateral sections next to the antenna periphery 101 should each be provided with continuous transverse or longitudinal walls, ie continuous transverse or longitudinal webs, but at least Two or a plurality of longitudinal web sections or transverse web sections may be provided, each of which may be adjusted in its own alignment position.

A slightly different variant is reproduced in a schematic cross sectional view in FIG. 20, and a schematic perspective view in FIG. 20A. In this embodiment the pivotable web, e.g. the longitudinal web, is arranged to be offset inward from the outer adjacent edge 3 'of the reflector so that the corresponding pivot axis 17 or curvature is the original dipole antenna element. It is located closer to the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with 1 '. A fixed longitudinal or transverse web 309 is provided to be located outward.

The height of the outer longitudinal or transverse web 309 and the inner longitudinal web 9 can be selected to be the same or different. Corresponding relationships may additionally or alternatively be applied for the transverse web.

The embodiment according to FIG. 21 is shown in a schematic cross sectional view in which a corresponding arrangement of the antenna or antenna array can be compared, for example, to the cross sectional view of FIG. 3 a, here likewise two longitudinal webs (or two transverse webs) Are provided on the sides of the antenna element with side spacing relative to each other. In this embodiment, the webs 9 located closer to the antenna element may each preferably be pivotally unrestricted around the pivot axis 17, such as the outer webs 309 located apart. Two parallel longitudinal webs (or transverse webs) arranged laterally offset relative to one another can have any height. Preferably the lateral spacing between each parallel longitudinal or transverse web is at least equal to or less than its respective height, so that the longitudinal web (or figure) seated on the outside, as shown in FIG. In the case of 22 the longitudinal web located inward) can be flipped on the reflector completely inward or outward. However, the outer longitudinal web 309 may be completely folded outwards, for example may be located into the plane of the reflector 3, thereby allowing the reflector width (or length) to be extended.

However, additionally the inner longitudinal web 9 can also be fully retracted, so that in practice the two longitudinal webs (or transverse webs) no longer work.

Figure 22 shows, on the contrary, that the inner longitudinal web can be flipped alone, while the outer longitudinal web can be placed in a position extending arbitrarily perpendicular or at an angle to the reflector plane.

Finally, Figure 23 is a web (inner and outer web), for example inner longitudinal web 9, which is provided so as to face each other in pairs with respect to the dual polarized antenna element device 1, preferably extending parallel to each other. And the outer longitudinal web 309 can be arbitrarily pivoted relative to one another, ie tapered towards each other (shown in FIG. 23) or extending to be spaced apart from one another or in both left or right directions. It is further shown that it can be pivoted and the like. In this regard, reference is made to basic adjustment methods of another embodiment.

Even in the embodiment described above, the pivot axis 17 for the webs 9 and 309 located inside and outside in the scope of the present invention may be converted such that each web is DC isolated to the reflector or capacitively connected to the reflector. And an additional second longitudinal web 9a and a second transverse web 11a are mounted mounted in front of the pivotable web in terms of the antenna element arrangement. The additional second longitudinal web 9a and the second transverse web 11a may approximately cover or cover the slits 18 formed between the pivotable longitudinal web 9 and the reflector from the perspective of the antenna element arrangement. have.

For the sake of completeness, for example, if a slit is provided in a web located further outside, the use of a double web, in particular corresponding to the drawing according to FIG. 20 or below, may be advantageous.

Finally, it can be mentioned that the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the dipole antenna element 1 'can be operated as in the known antenna type. Corresponding reflector structures can be implemented for single band, dual band as well as multi band antennas. In particular, if a plurality of antenna elements are used, they can be electrically integrated into one group.

Claims (43)

A dual polarized antenna having a dual polarized antenna element device 1 having at least one dipole antenna element 1 'in the form of at least one dipole radiator or at least one patch antenna element, With reflector 3, The reflector 3 has a longitudinal direction 5 and a transverse direction 7, On the reflector 3 there are at least two longitudinal webs 9 which extend in the longitudinal direction or with the larger part, in the longitudinal direction 5, the longitudinal webs 9 being transverse A dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the dipole antenna element 1 ', which is arranged offset to each other in (7), is arranged between the longitudinal webs 9, or On the reflector 3 there are provided at least two transverse webs 11 which extend transversely or transversely with the larger part 7, the transverse webs 11 having a longitudinal direction 5. Is arranged offset to each other, and the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the dipole antenna element 1 'is disposed between the transverse webs 11, The reflector 3 is DC electrically insulated or capacitively connected from at least two longitudinal webs 9 or at least two transverse webs 11, In the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the dipole antenna element 1 ′, at least one additional longitudinal web 9a or transverse web 11a is provided in the longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11. Is provided in front or rear of at least one, At least one of the longitudinal webs 9 or at least one of the transverse webs 11 is pivoted about a longitudinal or transverse axis 105, 107 to change position either directly or indirectly. , The at least one additional longitudinal or at least one additional transverse web 9a, 11a is a) between the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the dipole antenna element 1 'and the at least one pivotable longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11, or b) in the rear of the at least one pivotable longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11 in the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the dipole antenna element 1 ′, Arranged on the reflector 3,      A slot 18 is formed between the reflector 3 and the at least one positionally variable longitudinal web 9 or at least one positionally variable transverse web 11. In the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the dipole antenna element 1 ′, the slot 18 is covered by the at least one additional longitudinal web 9a or at least one additional transverse web 11a. Dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that it is covered or covered. The method of claim 1, A dual polarized antenna element device 1 having a bipolar antenna element 1 'positioned between two longitudinal webs 9 or two transverse webs 11, and having at least one additional longitudinal web ( 9a) or at least one additional transverse web 11a is formed with respect to both longitudinal webs 9 or both transverse webs 11, respectively. . The method of claim 1, Dual longitudinal with longitudinal or transverse webs, characterized in that additional longitudinal webs 9a or associated transverse webs 11a are arranged inwardly offset relative to adjacent edges 3 'of the reflector 3. Polarized antennas. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The additional longitudinal web 9a or the additional transverse web 11a has a height lower than the longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11, which can be positioned outside or inward with respect to it and can be pivoted or curved, or Or the additional longitudinal web 9a or additional transverse web 11a has a height lower than the width or height of the adjacent pivotable longitudinal or transverse web 9, 11, and the additional longitudinal web ( 9a) or the height of the transverse web 11a is not more than 50%, not more than 40% or not more than 30% of the width of the adjacent longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11. Dual polarized antenna having a. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, At least one pair of longitudinal webs 9 or transverse webs 11 having at least one pair of dual polarized antenna element devices 1 having a dipole antenna element 1 'is adapted to be pivotable in the same direction. A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web characterized in that the. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The at least one pair of longitudinal webs 9 or transverse webs 11 provided for the pair of dual polarized antenna element devices 1 having at least dipole antenna elements 1 'are pivotable towards each other. A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, At least one pair of longitudinal webs 9 or transverse webs 11 provided for the pair of dual polarized antenna element devices 1 having at least a dipole antenna element 1 ′ is pivotably spaced apart from each other. Dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Dual polarized antenna with longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that the curved or pivot axis (17) extends parallel to the longitudinal web (9). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that the pivot axis (17) extends parallel to the transverse web (11). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Each of the two longitudinal webs 9 or the transverse webs 11 interlocking with respect to the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the dipole antenna element 1 'is positioned spaced apart from the reflector 3. The gaps LA between the free ends 9 ', 11' of the longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11 are pivoted towards each other in such a way that they are larger in the base position, in which the longitudinal position The directional web 9 or the lateral web 11 is aligned perpendicular to the reflector region immediately adjacent to the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the planar or dipole antenna element 1 ′ of the reflector 3. A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web characterized in that the. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Each of the two longitudinal webs 9 or the transverse webs 11 interlocking with respect to the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the dipole antenna element 1 'is positioned spaced apart from the reflector 3. The gaps LA between the free ends 9 ', 11' of the longitudinal web 9 or of the transverse web 11 are pivoted towards each other in such a way that they are smaller in the basic position, in which the longitudinal position The directional web 9 or the lateral web 11 is aligned perpendicular to the reflector region immediately adjacent to the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the planar or dipole antenna element 1 ′ of the reflector 3. A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web characterized in that the. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The pivot axis 17 is arranged at regular intervals from the plane of the reflector 3 and of the reflector area adjacent to the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the plane of the reflector 3 or the dipole antenna element 1 '. A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that it is arranged parallel to the plane. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that the pivot axis (17) is offset in the plane of the reflector (3) relative to the longitudinal web (9) or the transverse web (11). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Double polarization with longitudinal or transverse webs, characterized in that the reflector section 3 ″ is pivotable about the pivot axis 17 with associated longitudinal webs 9 or transverse webs 11. antenna. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A longitudinally polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that the longitudinal dimension of the longitudinal web (9) corresponds to the longitudinal dimension of the transverse web (11). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The longitudinal web 9 and the transverse web 11 provided on both sides of the dual polarized antenna element device 1 having the dipole antenna element 1 'form an antenna element periphery or antenna element periphery 101 and The reflector 3 is characterized in that it protrudes above the longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11 in a dual polarized antenna element device 1 with a dipole antenna element 1 ′. Dual polarized antenna having a web. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The longitudinal direction of the longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11 is characterized in that it is greater than the distance between the centers of the dual polarized antenna element devices 1 with two adjacent dipole antenna elements 1 '. Or a dual polarized antenna having a transverse web. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A longitudinally polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that the longitudinal web (9) or transverse web (11) is formed in a rectangular or trapezoidal or n-polygonal view from the side. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The length of the longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11 is between the two transverse webs 11 or the longitudinal webs 9 in a dual polarized antenna element device 1 having a dipole antenna element 1 '. A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that it is shorter than the interval of. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, At least the longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11 is formed so as not to be connected and to be interrupted, the transverse web being through a space formed between the two longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11 formed. (11) or a dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web characterized in that the longitudinal web (9) extends. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A dual polarized antenna element device 1 having a plurality of dipole antenna elements 1 'spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction 5 or the transverse direction 7 is arranged, consisting of one column or one row A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that it forms an antenna array or an antenna array comprising a plurality of columns and rows. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, For an antenna having a dual polarized antenna element device 1 having a plurality of dipole antenna elements 1 ', several longitudinal webs 9 or several transverse webs 11 are two adjacent dipole antennas. Dual polarized antenna with element (1 ') Dual polarized antenna with longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that it is formed in a length greater than the distance between the centers of the element device (1). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, For a dual polarized antenna element device 1 with a dipole antenna element 1 ', the spacing between two related longitudinal webs 9 or transverse webs 11 has different dipole antenna elements 1'. Dual polarized antenna with a longitudinal or transverse web characterized in that it is varied with respect to the dual polarized antenna element device (1). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, At least some longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11 has a reflector adjacent to the dual polarized antenna element device 1 which extends parallel to the reflector 3 or has an associated dipole antenna element 1 '. A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized by having passive slots extending parallel to the area. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that at least some of the longitudinal web (9) or the transverse web (11) are capacitively connected with the reflector (3). 26. The method of claim 25, The capacitive connection of at least one longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11 is such that the reflector 3 or longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11 is connected with an electrically conductive outer sleeve. Made by a coaxial capacitive connection and electrically DC-connected with an inner conductor 31 spaced at a distance from the associated longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11 or reflector 3, and A double polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that the inner conductor (31) is held through a dielectric (29) provided inside the coaxial outer conductor. 27. The method of claim 26, Coaxial capacitive coupling has a length of λ / 4, where λ represents the wavelength of the transmitted frequency band, and double polarization with a longitudinal or transverse web characterized in that it represents an intermediate wavelength of the transmitted frequency band. antenna. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, At least one longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11 is longitudinally characterized in that it is mechanically connected to the reflector 3 via a dielectric pivot body forming a pivot axis 17 or pin. Or a dual polarized antenna having a transverse web. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that the longitudinal web (9) or the transverse web (11) is at least conductive or at least made of a dielectric material. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, At least a portion of the longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11 is profiled in cross section and is provided with a longitudinal or transverse web characterized in that it has an S-shaped, Z-shaped or L-shaped profile. Polarized antennas. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The pivotable portion of the antenna, the longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11, is characterized in that it has or has a spring element and a thin conductive layer on the film substrate or the flexible printed circuit board or printed circuit board area. Dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, At least a plurality of longitudinal webs 9 for dual polarized antenna element device 1 with dipole antenna element 1 'or at least for dual polarized antenna element device 1 with other dipole antenna element 1'. A dual polarized antenna having longitudinal or transverse webs, characterized in that several transverse webs (11) are mechanically and electrically connected to one another. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that the adjustment of the longitudinal web (9) or the transverse web (11) is performed manually by an actuating or controlling device. 33. The method of claim 32, A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that the positional change of the longitudinal web (9) or the transverse web (11) is remotely controllable. 33. The method of claim 32, At least one longitudinal web 9 or at least one transverse web 11 has a different height over the entire extension length or with respect to at least one other longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11. A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web characterized in having a different height. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11 is formed of at least two parts in the longitudinal direction thereof, and at least two longitudinal web sections 9.1 and 9.2 or two transverse web sections are formed, The at least two longitudinal web sections (9.1, 9.2) or two transverse web sections have different curvature or pivot axes relative to each other about at least one curved or pivoted shaft body (17 ') provided therebetween. A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web characterized in that the position is variable relative to the reflector (3) about (17). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11 is flipped over the plane of the reflector 3 and has a curved or pivot axis disposed at the outer adjacent edge 3 'of the reflector 3. 17 is a dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that the longitudinal web 9 or the transverse web 11 pivots outward to extend the area of the reflector 3. . 37. The method of claim 36, At least the longitudinal web section 9.2 of the longitudinal web 9 or transverse web 11 positioned adjacent to the reflector 3 is bent inward on the plane of the reflector 3 or outwards as an extension. A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web characterized in that it is retracted. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, At least two longitudinal webs 9, 309 or transverse webs 11 arranged laterally offset with respect to each other are provided in the longitudinal direction 5 or the transverse direction 7, wherein the two longitudinal webs are provided. At least the inner or outer longitudinal web 9, 309, or the inner or outer transverse web 11, of the 9, 309 or transverse web 11 may be curved or pivoted about or within itself on the pivot axis. A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that. 40. The method of claim 39, Two longitudinal webs 9, 309 or transverse webs 11 provided laterally offset on one side of a dual polarized antenna element device 1 having a dipole antenna element 1 ′ are curved or pivoted. Curved or pivoted about or within the axis 17 itself, the longitudinal webs 9, 309 or transverse webs 11 lie parallel to one another in the plane of the reflector 3, towards each other or A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web characterized in that it extends away from each other. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Longitudinal webs 9 or transverse webs 11 are provided with clearances or slits 12, the gaps or slits 12 being longitudinal webs 9 or transverse webs 11 being bipolar. The longitudinal web 9 when pivoted towards a transverse web 11 or a longitudinal web 9 which is pivoted in the direction of the dual polarized antenna element device 1 with the antenna element 1 'and laterally extended. Or an associated end section of the transverse web (11) is set to be at least partially inserted or penetrating into the gap or slit (12). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The pivot shaft 17 is formed as a hinged or joint inclined shaft body 17 'or a curved shaft, which can be pivoted about the axis in the longitudinal direction 5 or in the transverse direction 7. Dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The polarization plane of the dual polarization antenna element device 1 with the dipole antenna element 1 'is aligned at an angle of +45 degrees and -45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal or transverse direction of the reflector 3, respectively. A dual polarized antenna having a longitudinal or transverse web, characterized in that.

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