KR100846472B1 - 리니어 모터 - Google Patents

리니어 모터 Download PDF

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KR100846472B1
KR100846472B1 KR1020050057173A KR20050057173A KR100846472B1 KR 100846472 B1 KR100846472 B1 KR 100846472B1 KR 1020050057173 A KR1020050057173 A KR 1020050057173A KR 20050057173 A KR20050057173 A KR 20050057173A KR 100846472 B1 KR100846472 B1 KR 100846472B1
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South Korea
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coil
linear motor
motor
main
coils
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KR1020050057173A
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KR20070001596A (ko
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정상섭
이혁
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엘지전자 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020050057173A priority Critical patent/KR100846472B1/ko
Priority to US11/260,107 priority patent/US7489055B2/en
Priority to JP2005322248A priority patent/JP4970771B2/ja
Priority to CN2005101254129A priority patent/CN1889342B/zh
Priority to EP05257358A priority patent/EP1739812A3/en
Publication of KR20070001596A publication Critical patent/KR20070001596A/ko
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F04B35/045—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric using solenoids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/02—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moved one way by energisation of a single coil system and returned by mechanical force, e.g. by springs
    • H02K33/04—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moved one way by energisation of a single coil system and returned by mechanical force, e.g. by springs wherein the frequency of operation is determined by the frequency of uninterrupted AC energisation
    • H02K33/06—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moved one way by energisation of a single coil system and returned by mechanical force, e.g. by springs wherein the frequency of operation is determined by the frequency of uninterrupted AC energisation with polarised armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/032—Reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating motors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 리니어 모터에 구비된 복수의 코일군이 직/병렬로 연결되며, 상기 모터의 부하량에 따라 상기 코일군의 일부 또는 전체에 구동전원이 인가되어 상기 모터의 효율을 향상시키고 상기 모터의 크기를 축소할 수 있도록 하는 리니어 모터에 관한 것으로서, 보빈과, 상기 보빈에 권선되며 서로 직렬 또는 병렬로 연결되어 구동전원이 일부 또는 전부에 인가되도록 하는 복수의 코일군과, 상기 코일군에 흐르는 부하전류에 따라 형성된 자기장에 의해 직선운동되는 마그네트를 포함하여 구성되어, 복수의 코일도체를 사용하여 각각 코일을 권선하고, 권선된 코일을 직/병렬로 연결하여 상기 모터의 부하량에 따라 코일의 용량이 가변되도록 하여 상기 모터의 효율을 향상시킬 수 있으며, 단면적이 작은 코일도체를 사용하여 권선함으로써 상기 모터의 크기를 축소시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.
보빈, 코일, 코일 어셈블리, 릴레이, 리니어 모터

Description

리니어 모터{Linear Motor}
도 1 은 종래 기술에 따른 리니어 모터가 도시된 회로도,
도 2 는 종래 기술에 따른 리니어 모터에 있어서, 코일 어셈블리의 구성이 도시된 구성도,
도 3 은 본 발명에 따른 리니어 모터가 도시된 회로도,
도 4 는 본 발명에 따른 리니어 모터에 있어서, 코일 어셈블리의 구성이 도시된 구성도,
도 5 는 본 발명에 따른 리니어 모터에 있어서, 코일의 연결이 도시된 결선도이다.
<도면의 주요 부분에 관한 부호의 설명>
1, 50: 리니어 모터 6, 55: 보빈
60: 제 1코일군 70: 제 2코일군
82: 제 1연결탭 83: 제 2연결탭
본 발명은 리니어 모터에 관한 것으로서, 특히 리니어 모터에 구비된 복수의 코일군이 직/병렬로 연결되며, 상기 모터에 인가되는 부하전류의 크기에 따라 상기 코일군의 일부 또는 전체에 구동전원이 인가되어 상기 모터의 효율을 향상시키고 상기 모터의 크기를 축소할 수 있도록 하는 리니어 모터에 관한 것이다.
일반적으로 모터는 전기적 에너지를 기계적 에너지로 변환하는 장치로서, 압축기, 송풍기, 펌프 등 거의 모든 기계장치에 사용되며, 크게 고정자와, 상기 고정자와의 사이에 형성된 전자기력에 의해 회전운동 또는 직선운동하는 가동자로 구성된다.
상기 모터는 상기 가동자의 운동 방식에 따라 상기 가동자가 회전하는 회전모터, 직선 왕복하는 리니어 모터, 진동하는 진동모터로 구분될 수 있다.
도 1은 종래 기술에 따른 리니어 모터가 도시된 회로도이다.
종래 기술에 따른 리니어 모터(1)는 상용전원(AC)이 공급되는 전원부(미도시)와, 상기 전원부로부터 전원이 공급되면 자기장을 형성하는 코일 어셈블리(2)와, 상기 코일 어셈블리(2)로 상용전원(AC)이 선택적으로 전달되도록 하는 릴레이(5)를 포함하여 구성된다.
이때, 상기 리니어 모터(1)는 상기 모터의 부하량에 따라 자기장의 크기를 가변시켜 상기 모터의 효율을 향상시킨다.
즉, 상기 코일 어셈블리(2)는 주코일(CM) 및 보조코일(CS)로 구성되어, 상기 리니어 모터(1)의 부하가 큰 경우 파워모드(Power Mode)로 동작하여 상기 릴레이(5)가 상기 주코일(CM)과 연결되어 상기 주코일(CM)에 흐르는 전류의 크기를 크게 하고, 그에 따라 자기장의 세기를 크게 하여 상기 피스톤의 스트로크가 증가하도록 한다.
또한, 상기 모터의 부하가 작은 경우 세이브 모드(Save Mode)로 동작하여 상기 릴레이(5)가 상기 주코일(CM) 및 보조코일(CS)과 연결되어 상기 주코일(CM) 및 보조코일(CS)에 흐르는 전류의 크기를 작게 하고, 그에 따라 자기장의 세기를 작게 하여 상기 모터(1)의 스트로크가 감소하도록 한다.
도 2는 종래 기술에 따른 리니어 모터의 코일 어셈블리가 도시된 구성도이다.
상기 코일어셈블리(2)는 보빈(6)과, 상기 보빈(6)에 다수회 권선되어 전압이 인가되면 자기장을 형성하는 코일(미도시)을 포함하여 구성된다.
상기 코일은 상기에서 설명한 바와 같이 상기 보빈(6)의 내측에 배치되는 주코일(CM)과, 상기 주코일(CM)의 외측에 배치된 보조코일(CS)로 구성되며, 상기 주코일(CM) 및 보조코일(CS)은 직렬연결된다.
그러나, 상기와 같이 구성 및 동작되는 종래 기술에 따른 리니어 모터는 부하량이 작은 세이브 모드에서의 동작을 위해 상기 모터의 크기가 커지게 되는 문제 점이 있다.
즉, 상기 코일은 구리 도선과 같은 도체 도선으로 권선되는 것이므로 상기 도선 자체에 소정 크기의 저항을 포함하고 있으며, 일반적으로 저항은 상기 도선의 길이에 비례하고 단면적에 반비례한다.
따라서, 직렬로 연결된 주코일(CM) 및 보조코일(CS) 양단에 구동전원이 인가되는 세이브 모드의 경우 상기 코일의 길이가 길어짐에 따라 상기 도선의 저항은 증가하게 되고 그에 따라 상기 도선 자체에서 소모되는 전력의 크기가 증가하게 되어 상기 모터의 효율이 감소하게 된다.
또한, 상기와 같은 문제점을 방지하기 위하여 세이브 모드에서의 상기 코일의 단면적이 파워모드에서의 경우와 동일하도록 단면적이 큰 도선을 사용하는 경우에는 상기 모터의 효율이 향상되는 데 반해, 부하전류가 작은 세이브 모드를 위해 불필요하게 코일의 크기가 증가하게 되므로 상기 모터의 크기가 증가하게 된다.
특히, 상기 리니어 모터는 상기 도선(코일도체)을 보빈(6)에 차례로 정렬하여 촘촘하게 권선하는 정렬권선방식을 사용하고 있으므로 상기 코일 도체의 단면적이 증가하게 되면 상기와 같은 방식으로 권선하는 것이 어렵게 되는 공정상의 문제점이 있게 된다.
본 발명은 상기한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 리니어 모터에 구비된 복수의 코일군이 직렬 또는 병렬로 연결되며 상기 모터에 인가되는 부하전류의 크기에 따라 직/병렬로 연결된 상기 코일군의 일부 또는 전체에 전원을 인가함으로써 상기 모터의 효율을 향상시킴과 동시에 상기 모터의 크기를 축소할 수 있도록 하는 리니어 모터를 제공하는 데 그 목적이 있다.
상기한 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 리니어 모터는 보빈과, 상기 보빈에 권선되며 서로 직렬 또는 병렬로 연결되어 구동전원이 일부 또는 전부에 인가되도록 하는 복수의 코일군과, 상기 코일군에 흐르는 부하전류에 따라 형성된 자기장에 의해 직선운동되는 마그네트를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 실시예를 설명하면 다음과 같다. 도 3은 본 발명에 따른 리니어 모터가 도시된 회로도이다.
본 발명에 따른 리니어 모터는 상용전원(AC)을 상기 모터(50)로 공급하는 전원부(미도시)와, 상기 전원부로부터 공급된 전원에 의해 직선왕복운동을 하는 리니어 모터 본체(50)와, 상기 모터 본체(50) 및 전원부 사이에 연결되어 상기 전원부의 전원이 상기 모터(50)에 내장된 코일의 일부 또는 전부에 인가되도록 하는 스위치(90)를 포함하여 구성된다.
상기 리니어 모터 본체(50)는 고정자(미도시)와 가동자(미도시)로 구성되며, 리니어 압축기에 상기 모터(50)가 장착된 경우 상기 가동자의 일측에 피스톤의 고 정부가 고정되어 상기 고정자에 형성된 자기장에 의해 가동자가 직선 왕복운동을 하면, 상기 가동자와 연결된 피스톤이 실린더 내부를 직선 왕복운동함으로써 냉매를 압축하게 된다.
상기 고정자는 적층체로 이루어지는 아우터코어와, 적층체로 이루어지며 상기 아우터 코어와 이격되게 배치되는 이너코어와, 상기 아우터코어에 장착되어 전압이 입력되면 주위에 자기장을 형성하는 코일 어셈블리로 구성되며, 상기 코일 어셈블리는 전압이 입력되면 자기장을 형성하는 코일이 내부에 장착된다.
또한, 상기 가동자는 상기 아우터코어 및 이너코어의 사이에 배치되어 상기 피스톤과 고정되는 마그네트를 포함하여 구성된다.
상기 코일 어셈블리는 복수의 코일로 구성되어, 적어도 둘 이상의 코일이 병렬연결된 주코일(CM)과, 적어도 둘 이상의 코일이 직렬연결된 보조코일(CS)을 포함하여 구성된다.
또한, 상기 코일 어셈블리는 상기 주코일(CM)의 일단에 연결되어 상기 전원부의 접지단과 연결되는 접지탭(81)과, 상기 주코일(CM)의 타단 및 보조코일(CS)의 일단에 연결되는 제 1연결탭(82)과, 상기 보조코일(CS)의 타단에 연결되는 제 2연결탭(83)을 포함하여 구성된다.
한편, 상기 스위치(90)는 상기 전원부의 전원이 상기 코일어셈블리에 선택적으로 인가되도록 하는 소자로서 릴레이로 구성되는 것이 바람직하나, 이에 한정되지는 않는다.
상기 스위치(90)는 상기 제 1연결탭(82)과 연결되면 상기 전원부의 전원이 상기 주코일(CM)의 양단에만 인가되도록 하고, 상기 제 2연결탭(83)과 연결되면 상기 전원이 상기 주코일(CM) 및 보조코일(CS)의 양단에 인가되도록 한다.
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 리니어 모터에 있어서, 코일 어셈블리의 구성이 도시된 구성도이며, 도 5는 본 발명에 따른 리니어 모터에 있어서, 코일군의 연결이 도시된 결선도이다.
본 발명에 따른 코일 어셈블리는 보빈(55)과, 복수의 코일군(61, 62, 71, 72)으로 구성된다. 상기 코일군은 하나의 코일도체(도선)으로 권선된 코일을 지칭하는 것으로서 본 발명에 따른 코일 어셈블리는 복수의 코일 도체에 의해 각각 권선된 복수의 코일군(60, 70)을 포함한다.
상기 복수의 코일군(60, 70)은 상기 보빈(55)의 내부에 수직으로 나란히 적층 배치되며, 상기 코일군(60, 70)을 형성하는 코일 도체는 그 굵기가 서로 상이할 수 있다.
이때, 본 명세서에서는 설명의 편의를 위하여 상기 보빈 내 좌측에 배치된 코일군을 제 1코일군(60)이라 하고 우측에 배치된 코일군을 제 2코일군(70)으로 하여 설명하도록 한다.
상기 각 코일군(60, 70)은 상기 보빈(55)의 내측에 배치된 주코일(61, 71)과, 상기 주코일(61, 71)의 외측에 배치된 보조코일(62, 72)로 구성될 수 있으며, 상기 주코일(61, 71) 및 보조코일(62, 72)은 서로 직렬연결된다.
또한, 상기 제 1 및 제 2주코일(61, 71)은 서로 병렬연결되고, 상기 제 1 및 제 2보조코일(62, 72)은 직렬연결되며, 병렬연결되는 상기 제 1 및 제 2주코일(61, 71)은 상기 코일을 형성하는 각 코일도체가 꽈배기 형태로 꼬아져서 권선될 수 있다.
따라서, 상기와 같이 구성되는 본 발명에 따른 리니어 모터는 상기 모터의 부하량이 큰 경우 파워모드로 동작하게 되며 병렬연결된 상기 제 1 및 제 2주코일(61, 71)의 일단에 연결된 제 1연결탭(82)이 상기 릴레이(90)와 연결된다.
상기 제 1연결탭(82)이 상기 릴레이(90)와 연결되면, 상기 릴레이(90)의 일단에 연결된 전원부로부터 상용전원(AC)이 공급되어 상기 제 1 및 제 2주코일(61, 71)의 양단에 인가되며, 이때 상기 제 1 및 제 2주코일(61, 71)은 병렬연결되어 있으므로 공급된 상용전원(AC)은 상기 제 1 및 제 2주코일(61, 71)의 각각에 동일하게 인가된다.
또한, 상기 제 1 및 제 2주코일(61, 71) 각각에 상용전원(AC)이 공급되므로 상기 각 코일에 흐르는 전류는 큰 값을 갖게 되며 그에 따라 상기 코일의 주위에 형성되는 자기장의 세기도 크게 되어 상기 리니어 모터(50)는 큰 스트로크를 갖고 직선왕복운동을 수행하게 된다.
한편, 상기 모터의 부하량이 작은 경우 상기 모터(50)는 세이브 모드로 동작하게 되며, 상기 릴레이(90)는 상기 제 2연결탭(83)과 연결된다. 상기 제 2연결탭(83)은 직렬연결된 제 1 및 제 2보조코일(62, 72)의 일단에 구비되었으므로, 상기 릴레이(90)와 연결됨에 따라 직렬연결된 각 보조코일(62, 72) 및 병렬연결된 각 주 코일(61, 72)을 포함한 전체 코일군의 양단에 상용전원(AC)이 인가되게 된다.
상기 코일군의 양단에 상용전원(AC)이 인가되면 상기 주코일(61, 71) 및 보조코일(62, 72)은 직렬로 연결되어 있으므로 상용전원(AC)은 상기 각 코일의 용량에 따라 분배되어 인가되며, 특히 상기 보조코일을 구성하는 제 1 및 제 2보조코일(62, 72)의 경우 역시 직렬로 연결되어 있으므로 공급된 상용전원은 상기 주코일(61, 71), 제 1보조코일(62) 및 제 2보조코일(72)에 나뉘어 인가된다.
따라서, 상기 각 코일에 흐르는 전류량은 작은 값을 갖게 되며, 그에 따라 상기 코일의 주위에 형성되는 자기장의 세기도 적게 되어 상기 리니어 모터는 작은 스트로크를 갖고 직선왕복운동을 수행하게 된다.
또한, 상기 코일 어셈블리가 상기와 같이 구성됨에 따라 부하량이 적은 세이브 모드시 코일도체의 단면적을 기준으로, 파워모드의 경우에는 상기 코일도체를 병렬연결함으로써 상기 코일도체의 단면적을 큰 부하량에 적합하게 확장시킬 수 있으므로(코일의 용량을 확대할 수 있으므로) 단면적이 작은 코일도체를 사용하여 코일을 권선하는 경우에도 상기 모터 효율의 손실없이 활용할 수 있다.
이상과 같이 본 발명에 의한 리니어 모터를 예시된 도면을 참조로 하여 설명하였으나, 본 명세서에 개시된 실시예와 도면에 의해 본 발명은 한정되지 않으며 복수의 코일도체를 통해 코일을 권선하고 권선된 코일을 직/병렬로 결선하여 부하량에 맞게 코일의 용량이 가변되도록 함과 동시에 상기 모터의 크기를 축소시킬 수 있도록 하는 본 발명의 기술사상은 보호되는 범위 이내에서 당업자에 의해 용이하 게 응용될 수 있다.
상기와 같이 구성되는 본 발명에 따른 리니어 모터는 복수의 코일도체를 사용하여 각각 코일을 권선하고, 권선된 코일을 직/병렬로 연결하여 상기 모터의 부하량에 따라 코일의 용량이 가변되도록 하여 상기 모터의 효율을 향상시킬 수 있으며, 단면적이 작은 코일도체를 사용하여 권선함으로써 상기 모터의 크기를 축소시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.

Claims (8)

  1. 보빈과;
    상기 보빈의 내측에 적어도 둘 이상의 코일이 상기 보빈에 수직으로 적층되어 권선되는 복수개의 코일군과;
    상기 복수개의 코일군에 흐르는 부하전류에 의해 형성된 자기장에 의해 직선운동하는 마그네트를 포함하고,
    상기 복수개의 코일군은 상호 인접하여 배치되는 제 1 및 제 2코일군으로 구성되고, 상기 제 1 및 제 2코일군의 제1 층을 형성하는 코일은 서로 병렬연결되고, 제2 층을 형성하는 코일은 서로 직렬연결되는 리니어 모터.
  2. 삭제
  3. 제 1 항에 있어서,
    상기 제 1 및 제 2코일군은 상기 마그네트와 소정간격 이격되도록, 각각 상기 보빈에 권선된 제 1 및 제2 주코일과, 상기 제 1 및 제2 주코일의 외측에 배치되는 제 1 및 제 2 보조코일로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리니어 모터.
  4. 제 3 항에 있어서,
    상기 코일군은 상기 제 1주코일 및 제 2주코일이 병렬 연결되고, 상기 제 1보조코일 및 제 2보조코일이 직렬 연결되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리니어 모터.
  5. 제 3 항에 있어서,
    상기 코일군은 상기 주코일의 일단에 접지탭이 구비되고, 상기 주코일의 타단 및 보조코일의 일단에 제 1연결탭이 구비되며, 상기 보조코일의 타단에 제 2연결탭이 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리니어 모터.
  6. 제 5 항에 있어서,
    상기 리니어 모터는 상기 코일군으로 인가되는 부하전류의 크기에 따라 상기 코일군의 전체 또는 일부와 선택적으로 연결되어 구동전원을 인가하는 스위치를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리니어 모터.
  7. 제 6 항에 있어서,
    상기 스위치는 릴레이인 것을 특징으로 하는 리니어 모터.
  8. 제 6 항에 있어서,
    상기 스위치는 상기 리니어 모터가 파워모드로 구동되는 경우 상기 제 1연결탭과 연결되어 상기 제 1 및 제 2주코일의 양단에 구동전원이 인가되며, 상기 리니어 모터가 세이브모드로 구동되는 경우 상기 제 2연결탭과 연결되어 상기 각 주코일 및 보조코일의 양단에 구동전원이 인가되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리니어 모터.
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JP2005322248A JP4970771B2 (ja) 2005-06-29 2005-11-07 リニアモーター及びこれを用いたリニア圧縮機
CN2005101254129A CN1889342B (zh) 2005-06-29 2005-11-14 线性电机以及使用它的线性压缩机
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