KR100572613B1 - Electric Heat Pump System - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat pump system for an electric vehicle, and by simplifying heat exchange between a cooling medium used for a driving motor cooling device and a heat exchange medium used for an air conditioner, the parts can be simplified, and the heating and cooling performance is excellent and the dehumidification degree is also excellent. The aim is to provide an excellent electric heat pump system for an electric vehicle.

Heat pump system according to the invention, the compressor (2); A three-way valve 3 connected to the compressor discharge end; An outdoor condenser 4 connected to the valve; A receiver dryer (5), a first expansion valve (61) and an evaporator (6) which are sequentially installed after the condenser; A chiller (7) installed following the evaporator and connected to the compressor; An indoor condenser 8 connected to the three-way valve; In addition, a second expansion valve 71 is installed after the indoor condenser and connected to the chiller. The chiller 7 is connected to the cooling line of the drive motor 1 so that the cooling medium and the heat exchange medium exchange heat with each other. It is preferable that the first check valve 63 and the second check valve 73 are sequentially installed between the evaporator 6 and the chiller 7 and between the second expansion valve 71 and the chiller 7.

Heat Pump, Electric Vehicle, Air Conditioning, Air Conditioning

Description

Heat Pump System for Electric Vehicles {HEAT PUMP SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE}

1 is a configuration diagram showing a heat pump system according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the operating state of the three-way valve constituting the heat pump system according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: drive motor, 2: compressor,

3: three-way valve, 4: outdoor condenser,

5: receiver drier, 6: evaporator,

7: chiller, 8: outdoor condenser,

11: jacket, 13: cooling medium circulation pump,

31: valve plate, 61: the first expansion valve,

63: first check valve, 71: second expansion valve,

73: second check valve

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat pump system for an electric vehicle, and in particular, by heat-exchanging a high temperature oil or coolant used in a driving motor cooling apparatus of an electric vehicle and a liquid refrigerant, which is a heat exchange medium in an indoor condenser, with a chiller, an auxiliary evaporator. The present invention relates to a heat pump system for an electric vehicle, which provides a heat source for converting a liquid refrigerant into a gas phase refrigerant, simplifies system components, and has excellent cooling and heating performance and excellent dehumidification.

A general automotive air conditioner includes a cooling system for cooling the interior of a vehicle and a heating system for heating the interior of the vehicle. The cooling system is configured to cool the interior of a vehicle by heat exchange by an evaporator while the heat exchange medium discharged by the operation of the compressor is circulated back to the compressor via a condenser, a receiver drier, an expansion valve, and an evaporator. The coolant is configured to heat the room by introducing heat into the heater and exchanging heat.

On the other hand, in the case of an air conditioner for an electric vehicle, since the heater is not used separately as in a general vehicle, the configuration is different from that of the general vehicle air conditioner as described above. Heat pump system, an air conditioner applied to an electric vehicle, has a basic principle that the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant compressed from a compressor is condensed through a condenser in summer, and then evaporated in an evaporator through a receiver dryer and an expansion valve. It is the same as the general principle of lowering the temperature and humidity, but has the characteristic of using a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant as a heater medium, especially in winter. That is, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows to the indoor condenser, not the outdoor condenser, through the three-way valve, thereby increasing the indoor temperature through heat exchange with the sucked outside air. Therefore, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas phase refrigerant of the indoor condenser is condensed through heat exchange with the sucked air and discharged into the liquid refrigerant.

However, in the heat pump system for a conventional electric vehicle, not only the structure of the heat exchangers and each component including the compressor is complicated, but also the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange medium, in particular, the heating performance is reduced. In other words, when the liquid refrigerant from the indoor condenser is sucked into the compressor, the heat source that can be converted into the gas phase refrigerant is insufficient. Therefore, when the compression efficiency is lowered and the ambient temperature is low, the heating performance is remarkably insufficient. In addition, there is a problem that the durability of the compressor is lowered when the liquid refrigerant flows into the compressor.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the liquid refrigerant by heat-exchanging the liquid refrigerant which is a heat exchange medium in a high temperature oil or coolant used in the driving motor cooling apparatus of an electric vehicle and an indoor condenser through a chiller as an auxiliary evaporator. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat pump system for an electric vehicle that provides a heat source for converting the gas into a gaseous refrigerant, simplifies system components, and provides excellent cooling and heating performance and excellent dehumidification.

In order to achieve the above object, a heat pump system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention, the compressor for compressing and discharging the heat exchange medium; A three-way valve connected to the discharge line of the compressor to selectively switch the flow path; An outdoor side condenser connected to the three-way valve; A receiver dryer installed after the outdoor condenser to separate the heat exchange medium from the liquid; A first expansion valve installed after the receiver dryer; An evaporator connected to the first expansion valve; A chiller connected to the evaporator and connected to the compressor; An indoor condenser connected to the three-way valve; And, it is installed after the indoor condenser and characterized in that it comprises a second expansion valve connected to the chiller.

According to the present invention, the chiller acts as an auxiliary evaporator and is connected to a driving motor cooling line of the electric vehicle to heat exchange the cooling medium and the heat exchange medium flowing through the driving motor cooling line. In addition, a first check valve may be installed in the line between the evaporator and the chiller, and a second check valve may be installed in the line between the second expansion valve and the chiller.

According to the heat pump system for an electric vehicle of the present invention configured as described above, in the cooling mode, the heat exchange medium compressed and discharged from the compressor is a three-way valve, an outdoor condenser, a receiver dryer, a first expansion valve, an evaporator, and a first By circulating the compressor through the check valve and the chiller in turn, the indoor cooling of the electric vehicle is achieved by the heat exchange action of the evaporator. In the heating mode, the heat exchange medium compressed and discharged from the compressor is circulated to the compressor through the three-way valve, the indoor condenser, the second expansion valve, the second check valve, and the chiller in order, and thus, by the heat exchange action of the indoor condenser. Indoor heating of the electric vehicle is performed. On the other hand, in the dehumidification and mixing mode, the three-way valve is placed in a neutral position, and thus the heat exchange medium compressed and discharged from the compressor is branched into the outdoor condenser and the indoor condenser through the three-way valve and supplied to the evaporator. Dehumidified air is introduced into the room by mixing the cold heat exchanged with the flowing heat exchange medium and the heat exchanged medium with the flowing condenser in the air conditioning case in which the evaporator and the indoor condenser are built in. May be adjusted according to the opening degree of the temperature control doors inside the air conditioning case.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description based on the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a driving motor for driving an electric vehicle, and heat generated when driving the driving motor 1 circulates through a jacket 11 installed around the driving motor 1. It is cooled by a cooling medium such as oil or coolant. The heat exchange line for the cooling medium of the heat of the drive motor 1 will be described later.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a compressor, which compresses and discharges the heat exchange medium flowing therein, and a three-way valve 3 is provided in the discharge line of the compressor 2. The three-way valve (3) is configured to switch the flow path of the heat exchange medium according to the cooling mode, heating mode and dehumidification and mixing mode, the outdoor condenser (4) constituting the cooling line and the indoor condenser constituting the heating line It is connected with (8). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when the valve plate 31 rotatably provided inside the three-way valve 3 is blocking the flow path toward the indoor condenser 8 as shown by the dotted line, the compressor 2 The heat exchange medium discharged from the heat exchange medium is supplied to the outdoor condenser 4 in its entirety, and the heat exchanger discharged from the compressor 2 when the valve plate 31 blocks the flow path to the outdoor condenser 4 as shown by the solid line. The whole medium is supplied to the indoor condenser 8. Further, when the valve plate 31 is placed in the neutral position as shown by the dashed line, the heat exchange medium discharged from the compressor 2 is supplied to the outdoor condenser 4 and the indoor condenser 8 in half.

Since the receiver dryer 5 is installed after the outdoor condenser 4, the heat exchange medium condensed by the outdoor condenser 4 is gas-liquid separated while passing through the receiver dryer 5. The first expansion valve 61 is installed after the receiver dryer 5, the evaporator 6 is installed after the first expansion valve 61, and the evaporator 6 is connected to the chiller 7. . The first check valve 63 is installed in the line connecting the evaporator 6 and the chiller 7 to prevent backflow of the heat exchange medium from the chiller 7 toward the evaporator 6, and the chiller ( 7 is connected to the compressor 2.

The outdoor condenser 4 connected to the three-way valve 3 is connected to the second expansion valve 71, and the second expansion valve 71 is connected to the chiller 7. The second check valve 73 is installed in the line connecting the chiller 7 and the second expansion valve 71 to prevent the heat exchange medium from flowing back from the chiller 7 toward the second expansion valve 71. It is preferable.

On the other hand, the cooling medium flowing inside the jacket 11 to cool the cooling medium flowing inside the jacket 11 for cooling the drive motor 1 of the electric vehicle is again jacketed via the chiller 7 through the cooling line. (11), a cooling medium circulation pump (13) is provided in the line returning to the jacket (11) via the chiller (7).

Next, the operation of the heat pump system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention configured as described above will be described.

In the cooling mode, the valve plate 31 of the three-way valve 3 closes the flow path toward the condenser 8 in the room side. Therefore, the high-temperature, high-pressure heat exchange medium gas compressed and discharged from the compressor 2 passes through the outdoor condenser 4. At this time, as the outdoor condenser 4 radiates heat by driving a cooling fan installed at the front or rear of the outdoor condenser 4, the heat exchange medium via the outdoor condenser 4 is condensed. The heat exchange medium is evaporated while passing through the first expansion valve 61 and the evaporator 6 in a gas-liquid separated state through the receiver drier 5 and flows into the chiller 7 in the state of heat exchange medium gas. Cooling air in the room is achieved by blowing cold air into the room by heat exchange by the evaporation of the evaporator 6. On the other hand, since the high temperature cooling medium transferred from the drive motor 1 passes through the chiller 7 by forced circulation by the circulation pump 13, the high temperature cooling medium and the evaporator 6 on the drive motor 1 side. The high temperature cooling medium of the drive motor 1 is cooled and returned to the jacket 11 by heat exchange with the heat exchange medium which is first evaporated by the heat exchange medium, and the first evaporated heat exchange medium is secondly evaporated and compressed into a gas state. Returning to (2), the drive unit is cooled, and the heat-exchanging medium which is first evaporated is secondly evaporated by the chiller 6 to return to the compressor 2 in a gas state and circulated. As the heat exchange medium flows into the compressor 2 in the gas state by the heat exchange action of the chiller 7, that is, the secondary evaporation action, the compressor 2 does not burn and the compressor 2 is burned out. To prevent accidents such as

On the other hand, in the heating mode, the valve plate 31 of the three-way valve 3 closes the flow path toward the outdoor condenser 4 so that the heat exchange medium compressed and discharged from the compressor 2 discharges the three-way valve 3. After being supplied to the indoor condenser 8 and condensed by heat exchange, the heated heat is introduced into the room to heat the room. The heat exchange medium condensed through the indoor condenser 8 and changed into a liquid phase is introduced into the chiller 7 while being converted into a low temperature and low pressure wet heat exchange medium by the throttling action of the second expansion valve 71. The low pressure wet heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the high temperature cooling medium circulating in the cooling line of the driving motor 1 and returns to the compressor 2 in a gas state to circulate. At the same time, the driving motor 1 is also cooled. Therefore, even when the heating mode is introduced into the heat exchange medium compressor 2 in a gas state, it is possible to prevent the liquid heat exchange medium from being compressed, thereby protecting the compressor 2.

In the dehumidification and mixing mode, the three-way valve 3 is placed in a neutral position, and the heat exchange medium compressed and discharged from the compressor 2 is passed through the three-way valve 3 to the outdoor condenser 4 and the indoor condenser. The cold and heat exchanged with the heat exchange medium flowing through the evaporator 6 and the heat exchanged with the heat exchange medium flowing through the indoor condenser 8 are supplied by branching and feeding each other to the half of the evaporator 6 and the indoor condenser 8. The dehumidified air is introduced into the room by mixing in the air conditioning case (not shown) in which the) is built. Temperature control for the air introduced into the room in a dehumidified state may be appropriately made according to the opening degree of the temperature control doors (not shown) inside the air conditioning case.

In the heat pump system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention configured as described above, the cooling medium and the cooling medium in the process of passing through the chiller (7) connected to the inlet end of the compressor (2) driving motor (1) of the electric vehicle By allowing the cooling medium to exchange heat by heat exchange with the heat exchange medium, the heat exchange medium is evaporated secondarily by the heat exchange of the cooling medium and flows into the compressor 2 in a gas state to prevent the liquid heat exchange medium from being compressed. It can protect the compressor (2) and can also increase the compression efficiency and cooling and heating performance.

In addition, the dehumidification and mixing mode can be easily performed by the simple flow path switching of the three-way valve (3) is excellent dehumidification action.

In addition, the configuration of the air conditioning line and the cooling line can be simplified by allowing the cooling medium to be heat exchanged by heat exchange between the cooling medium and the heat exchange medium.

Claims (4)

A compressor for compressing and discharging the heat exchange medium; A three-way valve connected to the discharge line of the compressor to selectively switch the flow path; An outdoor condenser connected to the three-way valve; A receiver dryer installed after the outdoor condenser to separate the heat exchange medium from the liquid; A first expansion valve installed after the receiver dryer; An evaporator connected to the first expansion valve; A chiller connected to the evaporator and connected to the compressor; An indoor condenser connected to the three-way valve; And, An electric vehicle heat pump system comprising a second expansion valve connected to the chiller and installed after the indoor condenser. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the chiller is connected to a driving motor cooling line of the electric vehicle to provide a heat source in which the cooling medium and the heat exchange medium flowing through the cooling line of the driving motor exchange with each other. Heat pump system. 3. The electricity according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a first check valve is provided in the line between the evaporator and the chiller, and a second check valve is provided in the line between the second expansion valve and the chiller. Automotive heat pump system. The cooling medium of claim 1 or 2, wherein the chiller is connected to a circulation pump for circulating a cooling medium installed in a cooling line of a driving motor for cooling the driving motor of the electric vehicle. A heat pump system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that it is to pass through.

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