JPWO2013030960A1 - Fastening structure of components to composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

Adhesive layer is not used for fixing the composite material with sandwich structure with core material in the middle of the surface material and the parts to be fastened, the structure is simple and easy to install, and it has excellent heat insulation and reliability A structure for fastening parts to a composite material by mechanical fastening means is obtained.
In the fastening structure of the component to the composite material in which the component 20 to be fastened is fastened by the bolt nuts 1 and 2 to the composite material 7 in which the core materials 6a and 6b are arranged between the upper and lower surface materials 5a and 5b, In the internal part of the composite material 7 where the nut is arranged, the insert body 100 formed of a metal thin plate is placed in contact with the upper and lower surface materials, respectively, and the external part of the composite material 7 where the insert body is arranged The washer 3 and 4 are arranged in contact with the outer surface of the surface material, and the bolt and nut extend through the composite material 7, the insert body 100 and the washers 3 and 4, and the component 20 is integrated with the composite material 7. Fasten and fix to.

Description

  The present invention mechanically fixes a composite material constituting a sandwich structure in which a core material made of foam material or the like is disposed between upper and lower surface materials made of carbon fiber reinforced resin or the like, and a separate part. The present invention relates to a fastening structure of components to a composite material.

  In the technical field of the present invention, there is a component fastening structure described in JP 2010-208445 A (Patent Document 1). This publication describes a technique in which a floor panel made of carbon fiber reinforced resin as a main material and a foam core made of foamed urethane foam or the like are provided in a vehicle floor structure. Then, in order to fasten the seat rail as a fastening part to the floor panel, a female screw is formed at the center, and a flanged color nut made of aluminum or the like is bonded to the lower wall of the floor panel via an adhesive layer. . Moreover, in order to ensure the strength of the floor in a fastening part, the insert body comprised with the carbon fiber reinforced resin is arrange | positioned on the outer periphery of the collar nut with a flange between the upper and lower walls of a floor panel.

JP 2010-208445 A

  The component fastening structure described in Patent Document 1 has a difference in linear expansion coefficient between the insert of carbon fiber reinforced resin used for the floor panel and aluminum used for the flanged collar nut. If there is a temperature change in the placed environment, peeling stress may act on the joint. In addition, a floor structure in which aluminum or carbon fiber reinforced resin, which has higher thermal conductivity than a foamed foam core, is fastened using a color nut or insert body may not have sufficient heat insulation characteristics. is there.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object thereof is a composite material having a sandwich structure in which a core material is inserted between upper and lower surface materials used for a vehicle floor panel or the like. In addition to this, for example, it is possible to fix a part to be fastened by a mechanical fastening means that has a simple structure and does not use an adhesive layer, for example, a metal material to be fastened to a fastening part made of metal. It is in providing the fastening structure of the components of.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the component fastening structure to the composite material of the present invention is a composite material in which a component to be fastened is fastened and fastened to a composite material in which a core material is disposed between upper and lower surface materials by fastening means. In the structure of fastening the parts to the inner part of the composite material where the fastening means is placed, the insert body formed of a thin plate is placed in contact with the upper and lower surface materials, respectively, and the fastening The means extends through the composite material and the insert body and integrally fastens and fixes the component to the composite material. As another aspect, further, metal reinforcing plates are arranged in contact with the outer surfaces of the upper and lower surface materials, respectively, on the external portion of the composite material on which the insert body is arranged.

  According to the fastening structure of the component to the composite material according to the present invention, it is easy to fasten and fix the composite material having the sandwich structure in which the core material is disposed between the upper and lower surface materials and the metal fastened component with a simple configuration. Can be done. Moreover, according to this fastening structure, it is possible to obtain a highly reliable component fastening structure in which there is little possibility of occurrence of peeling stress at the joint due to a difference in linear expansion coefficient. Furthermore, when this invention is applied to the floor of a vehicle, a highly heat-insulated vehicle compartment structure can be obtained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. The perspective view of the state which fractured | ruptured and decomposed | disassembled a part of insert body and core material used with the fastening structure of the components to the composite material shown in FIG. The principal part sectional drawing which decomposed | disassembled the composite material of the fastening structure of the components to the composite material shown in FIG. The principal part perspective view which shows the state which used the fastening structure of the components to the composite material of Example 1 shown in FIGS. 1-3 for the floor structure of a vehicle. The principal part perspective view which shows the detail of the fastening structure of the components to the composite material shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is an essential part cross-sectional view illustrating an exploded state of a fastening structure of components to the composite material illustrated in FIGS. The principal part perspective view of Example 2 which shows the modification of the fastening structure of the components to the composite material shown to FIG. The perspective view of the state which decomposed | disassembled the insert body and core material which are used with the fastening structure of the component to the composite material of FIG. The perspective view which shows the modification of an insert body.

  Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  A first embodiment of a structure for fastening a component to a composite material according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a fastening structure of a component to a composite material of Example 1, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the insert member and the core material of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the state which decomposed | disassembled.

  1 to 3, the component 20 that is a member to be fastened has a structure extending in the horizontal direction with a predetermined plate thickness in the vicinity of the fastening portion with the composite material, and the illustration of the shape other than the vicinity of the fastening portion is omitted. Yes. The component 20 is fastened and fixed to the composite material 7 by bolts 1 and nuts 2 and washers 3 and 4 which are mechanical fastening means. The composite material 7 has a so-called sandwich structure in which upper and lower surfaces are constituted by surface materials 5a and 5b, and a core material 6 made of a resin foam material is disposed between them. This structure is configured to withstand a large bending moment (bending load) acting on the structure body by holding the surface material 5a and 5b with the core material 6.

  In the composite material 7, in order to withstand the bending moment by the bending stress of the surface materials 5a and 5b, a material having a high in-plane tensile strength and compressive strength is preferable, and a large elastic coefficient is preferable. In order to realize these characteristics with a light material, it is preferable to apply a plastic reinforced with glass fiber or carbon fiber, so-called FRP. In addition, when not aiming at weight reduction of a structure, you may utilize materials, such as a metal type and an inorganic substance, as the material of the surface material 5. FIG.

  Further, the core material 6 of the composite material 7 is in the center of the sandwich structure, and the bending rigidity as the structure is improved by making it thicker than the surface materials 5a and 5b. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the core material 6 is at least twice the thickness of the surface material. Further, the core material 6 is bonded and fixed to the surface materials 5a and 5b at both end surfaces in the vertical direction by an adhesive. Thus, the core material constituting the sandwich structure is generally bonded to the surface material, and does not affect the characteristics of the mechanical fastening structure of the component to the composite material according to the present invention. In addition, it is necessary for the core material to avoid buckling due to the shear load acting from above and below via the surface material, and in order to achieve both heat insulation as described later, a resin-based foam material (foam material) is used. It is good to use.

  In the present embodiment, the core material 6 (6a, 6b) is disposed between the upper and lower surface materials 5a, 5b. And the insert body 100 formed with the metal thin plate is arrange | positioned adjacent to the core material 6a. The insert body 100 is disposed at a portion of the composite material 7 to which the component 20 is fixed. For this reason, the core material 6a is comprised by the same member in the left-right direction of the core material 6a of FIG. 1 by making the outer peripheral surface of the insert body 100 into a boundary, and the occupied space inside the insert body 100 is comprised by the space | gap. In the present embodiment, the core material 6 b is also inserted into the gap of the insert body 100. Note that. The left and right members may be configured as separate bodies with the insert body 100 interposed therebetween.

  The insert body 100 is made of metal and has a substantially convex cross section. The upper and lower surfaces have flat flange surfaces 100a and 100b, and the flange surfaces are in contact with the inner surfaces of the surface materials 5a and 5b. . Since the composite material 7 is assembled without bonding between the flange surface and the surface material, there is a gap between the flange surfaces 100a, 100b and the surface materials 5a, 5b before the component 20 and the composite material 7 are fastened and fixed. Yes. When the component 20 is connected to the composite material 7 by the mechanical fastening means, a compressive force acts on the composite material 7, so that the surface materials 5 a and 5 b and the insert body 100 are in close contact with each other. The component 20 is configured to be disposed in a state where the upper and lower surface materials are in contact with the portion where the insert body 100 of the composite material 7 is disposed.

  The upper flange surface 100a of the insert body 100 is circular, the lower flange surface 100b is annular, and each area is larger than the cross-sectional area of the bolt 1, so The surface pressure on the surface materials 5a and 5b can be reduced, and deformation of the surface materials 5a and 5b can be prevented to improve reliability. Moreover, since the compressive force which acts on the composite material 7 is shared with the insert body 100 and the core material 6a, the deformation | transformation of the core material 6a can be prevented and reliability can also be improved. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, the insert body 100 is hollow, and the core material 6b is inserted therein. Thus, since the insert body is hollow, the space occupied by the core material in the composite material 7 can be increased, and the heat insulation can be improved.

  As the material of the core materials 6a and 6b, it is preferable to use a foam material such as polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, phenol foam, or the like, which has closed cells. The foam material is made of foamed resin and is lightweight and has low thermal conductivity. Further, if the bubbles in the resin constituting the core material are closed bubbles, the air at the outer peripheral portion is confined in the bubbles, so the thermal conductivity is low. In this embodiment, since the core material 6 made of such a material is inserted into the insert body 100, the heat insulating properties of the structure can be improved even in the vicinity of the fastening portion.

  Moreover, in the fastening structure of the component to the composite material of Example 1, the metal washers 3 and 4 are arrange | positioned as a reinforcement board in the external site | part of the surface materials 5a and 5b. The upper washer 3 is formed with a diameter equivalent to the diameter of the flange surface 100a, and the lower washer 4 is formed with a diameter equivalent to the diameter of the flange surface 100b. The bolt 1 for fixing the component 20 extends through the composite material 7 and the insert body 100 and integrally fastens and fixes the component 20 to the composite material 7. The fixed state can be further stabilized by disposing the washers 3 and 4 as reinforcing plates in contact with the surface materials 5a and 5b on the external portion of the composite material 7.

  You may use an adhesive agent for the contact part of these washers 3 and 4 and the surface materials 5a and 5b. If a washer as a washer is bonded to the surface material in advance, the time for aligning the holes provided in the washer and the surface material can be omitted. Further, even when the adhesion between the washer and the surface material becomes separated due to aging, etc., the washer is kept in close contact with the surface material by the compression force of the mechanical fastening means. Further, since the bolt tightening force is transmitted to the surface materials 5a and 5b by the washers 3 and 4, local surface pressure does not act on the surface materials 5a and 5b, so that deformation can be prevented and reliability can be improved.

In the fastening structure of the component to the composite material of the first embodiment configured as described above, an insert body formed of a metal thin plate is disposed in the internal portion of the composite material in which the core material is disposed between the upper and lower surface materials. The insert body is in contact with the upper and lower surface materials, and the bolts and nuts 1 and 2 extend through the composite material 7 and the insert body 100 to integrally fasten and fix the component 20 to the composite material 7. The fastening structure does not depend on the adhesion, and the construction becomes easy. Moreover, since the fastening structure does not use an adhesive, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of peeling stress due to the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the component and the composite material.
[Application example of Example 1]

  In this application example, the fastening structure of the component to the composite material according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied to fastening of the vehicle floor structure as the composite material and the seat rail as the component of the fastened member. is there. 4 is a perspective view of a main part in which a seat rail fastening structure using a truncated cone-like insert body is applied to a vehicle floor structure, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a main part of the seat rail fastening structure of FIG. 4, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the decomposition | disassembly state of each component with sectional drawing of FIG.

  The floor structure 30 which comprises the cabin of a vehicle is demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 4 is an excerpt of the vicinity of the driver's seat and the adjacent passenger seat of the vehicle. The arrow FR in the figure indicates the front side of the vehicle, the arrow UP indicates the upper side of the vehicle, and the arrow RH indicates the right side of the vehicle. The vehicle floor structure 30 shown in this application example includes a dash panel portion 38, a floor upper surface material 35, a core material 36, a floor lower surface material 39, and a floor tunnel 37. The materials of the surface material 35.39 and the core material 36 are the same as those in the first embodiment. The core material 36 has a core material 36a located outside the insert body 100 and an inner core material 36b located inside the gap.

  A seat rail 31 is fixed to the floor upper surface material 35. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the seat rail 31 is configured to slide on the upper surface of a substantially U-shaped rail 32, and a seat (not shown) is fixed to the seat rail 31, so that the seat is front and rear of the vehicle. It is configured to slide in the direction. The substantially U-shaped rail 32 constitutes a fixed portion of the seat rail 31. The substantially U-shaped rail 32 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is fixed to the floor structure 30 in contact with the floor upper surface material 35 by the fastening portion 34. In FIG. 4, the fastening positions of the seat rail 31 are four places per seat, but may be two half or two or more places.

  The structure of the fastening portion 34 of the seat rail will be described with reference to FIGS. The upper surface material 35 and the lower surface material 39 are provided with through holes for allowing the bolts 1 as mechanical fastening means to pass therethrough. The nut 33 is fixed to the recessed surface of the substantially U-shaped rail 32 by welding or the like. Further, a through hole 32 a is provided in the lower part of the substantially U-shaped rail 32. The washer 3 is disposed between the substantially U-shaped rail 32 and the floor upper surface material 35. An insert body 100 having a through hole at the center is disposed under the floor upper surface material 35.

  The cross-sectional structure of the insert body 100 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the external shape is the same as that in FIG. The insert body 100 is hollow and has a substantially truncated cone shape. A washer 4 having a through hole in the center is disposed between the floor lower surface material 39 and the head of the bolt 1. The diameter of the washer 4 is substantially equal to the diameter of the lower flange surface of the insert body 100, and the surface pressure acting on the floor lower surface material 39 when the bolt 1 is tightened is reduced. Further, the washer 4 cushions an impact on the vicinity of the fastening portion 34 of the floor lower surface material 39 due to a stepping stone from the road surface during traveling of the vehicle.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the floor structure 30 includes a floor upper surface material 35, a core material 36 a, an insert body 100, an inner core material 36 b, and a floor lower surface material 39 from above. The upper floor surface material 35 and the lower floor surface material 39 are made of fiber reinforced resin, the core material 36a and the inner core material 36b are made of foamed resin foam material, and the insert body 100 is made of a metal thin plate. The core material 36 a comes into contact with the floor upper surface material 35, the insert body 100 is inserted into the recessed portion through which the core material 36 a passes, the internal core material 36 b is inserted into the gap of the insert body 100, and the flange surface 100 b below the insert body 100. The floor lower surface material 39 is in contact with the lower surface of the inner core material 36b to form the floor structure 30.

  In order to attach the seat rail 31 to the floor structure 30, the substantially U-shaped rail 32 to which the nut 33 is welded, the washers 3 and 4 are temporarily aligned at predetermined positions, and the bolt 1 is inserted into these through holes on the washer 4 side. And is fastened to the nut 33. Thereafter, the seat rail 31 is disposed on the substantially U-shaped rail 32. That is, the bolt 1 extends in the vertical direction through the floor structure 30, the insert body 100, and the washers 3, 4, and a substantially U-shaped rail 32 is integrally fastened and fixed to the floor structure 30.

  In this way, the seat rail 31 can be assembled to the floor structure 30 by means of mechanical fastening means such as bolts and nuts without using an adhesive, so that it is light and easy to construct and even if the ambient temperature environment changes. The peeling stress of the fastening portion due to the difference in linear expansion coefficient does not occur, and a highly reliable fastening structure is obtained. Further, by arranging the core material 36b inside the insert body 100 as in the first embodiment, a vehicle having high heat insulation can be obtained.

  In the application example of the first embodiment, the nut 33 is fixed to the substantially U-shaped rail 32 in advance by welding or the like, but is fastened to the nut at the lower portion of the washer 4 through a bolt from the upper side of the substantially U-shaped rail. It is good also as a structure.

  Next, Example 2 in which the configuration of the insert body is changed will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a main part showing a fastening structure of components to the composite material of Example 2 in which the configuration of the insert body is changed, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state where the insert body and the core material are disassembled. The insert body 102 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 has a shape in which a metal flat plate is bent. In addition to this, as a configuration of the insert body, it is only necessary that the inside is hollow and the portion in contact with the surface material forms a flat flange surface.

  The insert body 102 has upper and lower flat flange surfaces 102a and 102b, and a cross section in which these flange surfaces are connected by an inclined surface 102c has a substantially trapezoidal shape. The flange surfaces 102 a and 102 b are set in parallel and are configured to contact the inner surface of the surface material 35 and the inner surface of the surface material 39 constituting the composite material 30. At the center of the upper flange surface 102a, a through hole is formed through which a bolt 1 as mechanical fastening means for fixing a component as a member to be fastened is inserted. And it is comprised so that the inner core material 36b formed with foamed resin etc. may be arrange | positioned in the hollow part enclosed by the flange surface 102a and the inclined surface 102c of the insert body 102 in the state which contact | adhered.

  Even in the fastening structure of the component to the composite material using the insert body 102, the upper flange surface 102a contacts the floor upper surface material 35 and the surface material 5a constituting the composite material 30, and the lower flange surface 102b is the lower floor portion. Since the to-be-fastened member can be fixed with a bolt nut or the like that is in contact with the surface material 39 or the surface material 5b and penetrates the insert body 102 and the inner core material 36b, it is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the above embodiments. In addition, a fastening structure with high reliability can be obtained, and a fastening structure with high heat insulation can be obtained.

  In the fastening structure of the component to the composite material described in the second embodiment, the component which is a member to be fastened is fixed to the composite material composed of the surface material and the core material using mechanical fastening means such as a bolt nut and a rivet. Of course, the present invention can be applied to the fastening structure of parts to be applied, and can be applied to the vehicle floor structure shown in FIG. Further, since the insert body 102 of Example 2 has an open side surface, it is installed between the upper and lower surface materials 35 and 39, and then a foamed resin is injected between the upper and lower surface materials to form the composite material 30. Then, since the core material 36a and the inner core material 36b can be formed at a time and the composite material 30 can be completed, it is preferable.

  In the floor structure 30, the floor upper surface material 35, the core material 36a, the insert body 100, the inner core material 36b, and the floor lower surface material 39 are laminated, and the members are bonded as necessary. Also good. Further, the insert body 100 may be sandwiched between the upper and lower surface materials 35 and 39, and the foamed resin may be injected and integrated between the upper and lower surface materials. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of through holes 101a are formed on the inclined outer peripheral surface of the insert body 101 positioned in the middle, and the foam body is injected through the through holes 101a into the gaps of the insert body 101 during the injection molding. At the same time, it is preferable to form the inner core material 36b. The size, the number, and the like of the through holes 101a are appropriately set in consideration of the volume of the gap.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various designs can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention described in the claims. It can be changed. For example, the above-described embodiment has been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and is not necessarily limited to one having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of an embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of an embodiment. Furthermore, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the example in which the seat rail 31 and the floor structure 30 of the vehicle are fastened and fixed has been shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for fastening other parts to the floor structure. It may be applied. Furthermore, the scope of application of the present invention is not limited to the floor structure, but can also be applied to the fastening of the structure and parts of other parts of the vehicle.

  Further, although the insert body 100 is made of metal, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be made of fiber reinforced resin or other materials. Furthermore, although the example of the bolt and nut is shown as the mechanical fastening means, it goes without saying that other fastening means such as a rivet or a split pin may be used.

1 bolt (fastening means)
2 Nut (fastening means)
3 Metal reinforcing plate (upper washer)
4 Metal reinforcing plate (lower washer)
5a, 5b Surface material 6 (6a, 6b) Core material 6b Core material (internal core material)
7 Composite 20 Parts (Fastened member)
30 Floor structure (composite material)
31 Seat rail 32 U-shaped rail (fastened member)
33 Welding nut (fastening means)
34 Fastening portion 35 Floor upper surface material 36 (36a) Core material 36b Internal core material 37 Floor tunnel 38 Dash panel 39 Floor lower surface material 100 Insert body (conical insert body)
100a Upper flat surface (flange surface)
100b Lower flat surface (flange surface)
101 Insert body 102 Flat insert body

Claims (10)

A fastening structure of components to a composite material in which a core material is placed between upper and lower surface materials, and a component to be fastened is fastened and fixed by fastening means,
In the internal part of the composite material where the fastening means is disposed, an insert body formed of a thin plate is disposed in contact with the upper and lower surface materials,
The fastening structure of the component to the composite material, wherein the fastening means extends through the composite material and the insert body and integrally fastens the component to the composite material. A fastening structure of components to a composite material in which a core material is placed between upper and lower surface materials, and a component to be fastened is fastened and fixed by fastening means,
In the internal part of the composite material where the fastening means is disposed, an insert body formed of a thin plate is disposed in contact with the upper and lower surface materials,
In the external part of the composite material where the insert body is disposed, metal reinforcing plates are disposed in contact with the outer surfaces of the upper and lower surface materials, respectively.
The fastening means extends through the composite material, the insert body and the metal reinforcing plate, and integrally fastens and fixes the part to the composite material. Fastening structure.   The insert body is formed in a truncated cone shape having a hollow inside and opened downward, the upper flat surface is in contact with the upper surface material, and the lower flat surface extending from the lower end to the outer peripheral side is the lower surface material The structure for fastening a component to a composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure is in contact with the composite material.   The insert body is formed in a trapezoidal shape by bending a flat plate, the upper flat surface is in contact with the upper surface material, and the lower flat surface extending from the lower end to the outer peripheral side is in contact with the lower surface material. The fastening structure of the component to the composite material according to claim 1 or 2.   The structure for fastening a component to a composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface material is made of a fiber reinforced resin.   The structure for fastening a component to a composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the core material is formed of a foam material having closed cells.   The structure for fastening a component to a composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness ratio between the surface material and the core material constituting the composite material is at least twice or more.   3. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the composite material is a member that constitutes a floor of a vehicle, and the component that is the fastened member is a fixed portion of a seat rail of the vehicle. Fastening structure for parts.   The said insert body is comprised by the metal thin plate or the fiber reinforced resin thin plate, The fastening structure of the components to the composite material of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The structure for fastening a component to a composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mechanical fastening means is a bolt and nut.

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