JPS647813B2 - - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Process for the preparation of watering water by means of enrichment with CO2 and H2 CO3 , in which CO2 gas which is constantly under pressure is introduced into the water which is flowing through a pipe which has a pressure and temperature approximately identical to those in a normal water supply pipe, characterized in that the watering water is led through a straight flow-channel section forming an impregnation zone and in the process the pressure of the watering water is, at least two partial areas which are at a distance in the flow direction and in each case at the circumference of the flow, momentarily reduced to below the pressure of the CO2 gas by means of an abrupt change in the flow speed, the external liquid layers of the watering-water flow in the impregnation zone being led in each case, at the areas of abrupt pressure reduction, over thin, shoulder-like, cross-sectional widenings of the flow channel section, and in that the watering-water flow is, in each case in the areas of momentarily reduced pressure, ultra-finely impregnated with the CO2 gas, these liquid layers being in each case maintained, immediately after each shoulder viewed in the direction of flow, in a free flow connection with the CO2 gas supply chamber via a plurality of bores corresponding to the shoulder width.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for absorbing gas into a liquid by injection or jetting action, particularly for preparing irrigation water for use in professional gardening, home gardening, hobby gardening, etc. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for absorbing CO ₂ into water.

PRIOR ART Various methods and devices are known for carbonating water and for absorbing the gas into the liquid (e.g. German Publication No. 1192598, U.S. Pat.
2241018, see UK Patent Specification 1371466). Furthermore,
It is also known to mix gas and liquid in a mixing nozzle (see British Patent Specification 1274363).

These known methods either have relatively low absorption or the gas passes through the liquid as relatively large bubbles (even though these bubbles appear to be very small, they do not provide very good absorption). (still too large for this purpose) and required cooling and very high pressure to absorb gases. If the gas bubbles present in the absorbed liquid are relatively large, gas-liquid separation is likely to occur and dosing devices
Otherwise, it may impair the reliable functioning of the spraying device and easily obstruct the communication of the thin tubes of the drip irrigation system. If the absorption is not high enough, a relatively large amount of gas will be blown off due to the pressure drop at the liquid outlet.

irrigating the plants with a liquid containing a large amount of carbon dioxide gas (CO ₂ ) and therefore also containing a large amount of carbonic acid (H ₂ CO ₃ );
It is also known that when cultivated land itself is irrigated with a liquid containing a large amount of these substances, the healthy growth and disease resistance of plants are significantly improved. For this purpose, equipment suitable for plantations, open fields and reforested areas has been developed (German magazine "Der"
Spiegel” 1982, No. 47, pp. 99-101).

Furthermore, irrigation and fertilization systems for home use and hobby gardening are known which are capable of supplying plants or fields with irrigation water and fertilizer to the required extent over a long period of time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages and to provide a
To provide a method and an apparatus for obtaining a liquid rich in carbon dioxide gas in a suitable state by making the liquid reliably and well absorb gas without containing coarse air bubbles. Another object of the invention is that any amount of irrigation water mixed with carbon dioxide gas and carbonic acid, and also with fertilizers if necessary, can be discharged from a normal water supply system in a preferred manner, and is suitable for housewives and hobbyists. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method that can be easily and economically handled even by gardening enthusiasts.

This object is solved by a method having the features of claims 1 and 7 and a device having the features of claims 9 and 16, respectively.

This makes it possible to achieve excellent absorption without the need to cool the liquid or apply high pressure, and which has the advantage of being able to prepare the required amount of liquid with good carbon dioxide absorption at any time. . By repeatedly and sharply decreasing the liquid flow rate, the amount of carbon dioxide received in the contact zone is rapidly and violently distributed across the flow cross-section, and by the instantaneous reduction in static pressure and flow rate. The gas absorption of the liquid in the subsequent injection stages is homogenized and improved. Good absorption and homogeneous mixing are improved if the gas injection stage is followed by a further injection stage in which the already absorbed liquid is recycled into the fluid stream.

These novel features help to better absorb and disperse _CO2 in water, especially for irrigation and fertilization.

The liquid that has absorbed gas can be supplied directly from the outlet. However, if it is desired to store the gas absorption liquid, a pressurized storage tank can be provided.

According to the novel method according to claim 7 and the device implementing the method, the device can be connected to a public water supply facility, and the device can be activated simply by opening and closing the faucet of the public water supply facility. You can turn it on or pause it. Yet another internal function of the device is automatically effected by the pressure in the water supply, which can be varied significantly without compromising the functionality and reliability of the device. Such a combination device is particularly suitable for hobby gardeners and for home use. This is because the device is simple, reliable and extremely easy to operate. The installation of the device is also very simple. If desired, the device can also add any required amount of fertilizer to the irrigation water in any proportion, ensuring good absorption at the same time to the water without the user taking special precautions. can.

The irrigation water obtained in this way supports the growth of plants and flowers.
It promotes flowering, improves yield and plant resistance to pests and diseases.

With direct and automatic pressure control, the water pressure in the supply installation can be varied significantly (e.g.
between bar and 7 bar). This is because the pressure required to supply the gas is automatically regulated by the pressure of the water supply equipment. Control of fertilizer supply is also carried out in a similar manner.

Preparation of fertilizer and irrigation water can be performed accurately, reliably and automatically while maintaining ease of operation.

The present invention will be described in detail below through some embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the basic apparatus and basic method of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.

The device 101 shown in FIG.
2. It has a top lid 103 and a bottom lid 104, which constitute a pressure tank. Liquid 108 is maintained between a minimum level 126 and a maximum level 127 by a detector, not shown. The gas chamber 107 left above the liquid is connected via a pipe 105 to a source of gas, preferably a source of carbon dioxide, which gas is maintained below a predetermined pressure, for example up to 5 bar. has been done. The gas supply is
For example, it is controlled by a pressure transducer. A gas absorption liquid outlet 106 is provided in the bottom cover 104. Opposite the outlet and laterally offset, an injection nozzle arrangement 109 is connected in a gas-tight manner to the top cover 103 by a flange 111 . The nozzle device 109 has a central passage whose inlet is connected via a branch 110 to a source of pressurized fluid. Three injection stages 112a-112c are arranged sequentially in the direction of flow. Immediately before each injection stage, gaps in the passage are provided to expand stepwise at each point 113a to 113c. Gas intakes 114a-114c are located in the top gas chamber 107, where the flow rate and fluid pressure change abruptly as the liquid flows past the extension.
It opens to the front and is located behind the shoulder of the extension. During operation, the gas flows through the gas intake 11
4 into the liquid stream. With such a configuration, the gas, which was initially present mainly in the outer layer of the liquid, is quickly added into the liquid by mixing all layers of the flow cross section and is evenly distributed in the flow;
Therefore, there is an advantage that gas can be taken in in successive absorption stages. At least two injection stages are required to achieve good absorption. In order to further stabilize the gas-liquid mixture and to exclude the presence of large air bubbles, the nozzle device 109 is axially provided with an additional device 115. In the illustrated embodiment,
The device 115 has two stages 116a, 116b in which the width of the liquid flow changes rapidly. These stages serve to reflux the gas-absorbed liquid and to homogenize the absorbed liquid. For this purpose,
A side tube 118 is provided which is closed to the gas chamber 107 and whose lower open end terminates below the minimum liquid level 126. The absorption liquid flows through the open end 121 and the outlet 120 of the passageway, which is approximately at the same height level as the open end 121.
The suction action of stages 116a, 116b draws it back into the liquid stream and adds it thereto. The outlet 125 of the device 115 is also connected to the minimum liquid level 12.
It is located below 6. Since the outlet 125 and the outlet 106 are offset laterally, large air bubbles can pass through the stored liquid 108 to the gas chamber 107.
You can escape inside.

When a liquid, in particular water, is supplied to the inlet 110,
The liquid level rises and the volume of the gas chamber 107 decreases.
According to this state, the supply pipe 105 is connected to the gas chamber 10
Gas is supplied to the gas chamber when it is turned off when the pressure within 7 increases or when a sufficient amount of gas is withdrawn from the gas chamber. The pressure in the gas chamber 107 is maintained at a value corresponding to water pressure, for example 5 bar.

Injection devices 109, 115 can also be used to dispense liquid directly. In this case, a pressurized reservoir is not required, and the device 109 forms a gas chamber surrounded by a side tube and connected to a source of pressurized gas, closing the side tube 118 of the nozzle device 115 at 122. and extends the passageway beyond outlet 125 to the use end, as indicated by extension line 106a.

If a large amount of liquid is to flow through the system, a relatively large flow cross section is required. In this case, a moving member 130 whose diameter is gradually increasing or gradually increasing in diameter may be provided within the passage.

The operation of the device described above is stable at pressures between 1 and 6 bar, or even higher, both when the absorbent liquid is withdrawn directly and, as previously mentioned, indirectly. be. The device is therefore particularly suitable for carbon dioxide absorption in water for horticultural applications. This is because the device can be used at the pressure conditions used in this field.

The apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2 is particularly suitable for the simple, convenient and economical application of fertilizers and irrigation, and is therefore suitable for home use and for hobbyist gardeners. . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the device block 1 has a connection 2 for attachment to a public water tap. A control room 3 is provided in the device block 1, which communicates with the connection 2.
The water inlet pressure can vary widely, corresponding to the pressure in the water system, and can vary, for example, between 1 and 7 bar. The temperature of the water changes as well. The water pressure in the control chamber 3 acts on the diaphragm 4, which engages via a plunger 8 with the movable member 7 of the pressure reducing valve of the pressurized carbon dioxide storage chamber. In this case, a conventional pressurized carbon dioxide cylinder can be used as the pressurized carbon dioxide storage chamber. Storage tank 6 with a valve
is screwed in a hermetically sealed manner onto a standard connection provided in the device block 1. The valve is a movable member 7
Automatically closes unless external control pressure is applied above.

The diaphragm 4 seals off a gas distribution chamber 5 below it, which communicates with a gas chamber 10 via a throttle 11. Furthermore, the device block is provided with a liquid channel 13, the inlet side 14 of which communicates freely with the control chamber 3. The liquid passage 13 is preferably straight and long and terminates in an outlet 28 at the lower end, which may be used as a water inlet for a water sprinkler or the like, or as a connection to a water hose or the like. May be used.

Similar to the basic device of FIG. 3, the liquid passage 13 is
It has a plurality of portions 15a to 15c whose width increases rapidly or stepwise. Immediately behind the shoulder of the sharply widening section, an opening 17 is provided leading into the distribution channel 12;
2 communicates with the gas chamber 10. Gas absorption section 15
Immediately after a to 15c there are reinjection or reflux sections 16a, 16b, which also have a rapidly increasing diameter and are free to communicate with the communication channel 19 via the port 18 for reinjection. is connected to. Therefore, the lower end of the communication passage 19 communicates with the liquid passage 13 via the port 20.

Supply tubes 2 radially spaced within the liquid passageway 13
5 is inserted from above, the supply pipe of which communicates with the reservoir for liquid fertilizer via a metering valve 26 and terminates in one of the extensions of the gas absorption parts 15a to 15c.

Open the water faucet when watering. Water control room 3
The water pressure acts on the diaphragm 4. The diaphragm 4 is designed and dimensioned in such a way that when the pressure reaches 1 bar, the pressure reducing valve 7 of the pressurized reservoir 6 is opened, so that when the pressure decreases, carbon dioxide is released according to the water pressure. This allows the gas to flow into the gas chamber 5. Since the liquid passage 13 is filled with water from the control chamber 3, the throttle means 11 prevents the gas flowing out from the liquid passage 13 from being filled with water from the control chamber 3.
Don't let it reach 3. As described in detail with respect to the device of FIG. 3, the water in the liquid channel 13 absorbs gas in a well or finely divided state.
After the absorption process, the fertilizer dose is transferred to the liquid channel 1
3 and mixed with the water stream. Reinjection stages 16a and 16b provide good absorption and uniform mixing. The fertilizer injection cross section can be adjusted with a valve 26. The pressure at which fertilizer is supplied can be determined directly or indirectly by the pressure in the control chamber 3. As an alternative to such control, the pressure in the gas distribution chamber 5 controlled by the control chamber 3 can also be applied to a flexible container containing fertilizer to force the fertilizer out. When you turn on the faucet, the pressure of the liquid fertilizer increases. Also, when the faucet is closed, the pressure decreases. For these controls, water pressure can also be used directly instead of gas pressure.

FIG. 2 shows that individual stage vacuums in the liquid path can be used for fertilizer uptake. One of the injection stages 33 is connected to a suction pipe 39 of a fertilizer storage tank 38 via a suction pipe 36 . Suction pipe 3
9 is connected to the device block through a connecting portion 37. Gas is taken in through the gas chamber 32 and the distribution passage 34.
This is done through the In this case as well, the absorption means 3
After 3, a reinjection stage 35 is provided.

An additional injection stage dedicated to the introduction of liquid fertilizer may be provided. The uptake action explained in connection with FIG.
It may also be used in combination with the pressure responsiveness of a fertilizer storage tank. Solid fertilizers that dissolve quickly in water may also be used. In this case, the device block is such that the water flowing through the channel 13 according to FIG. 1 is poured onto the fertilizer, dissolving the appropriate amount of fertilizer.

The valve 7 is a simple shutoff valve controlled by the diaphragm 4 and acts as a pressure reducing valve.
The internal pressure of the storage tank 6 reaches, for example, 60 bar and varies depending on the temperature. The area ratio between the sealing surface of the valve 7 and the surface of the diaphragm is approximately 1:60. Therefore, the gas storage tank 6 is closed when the internal pressure of the device is atmospheric pressure. When the water pressure inside the control room 3 increases, it is transmitted as 60 times the pressure by the diaphragm,
Even if the water pressure is low, the valve 7 opens accordingly and supplies gas to the gas chamber 5 at the corresponding pressure. Unlike conventional compression spring controlled pressure reducing valves, gas discharge is controlled by the device in precise response to water pressure and its variations.

To prevent large air bubbles from being swept away in the water stream and escaping unused into the atmosphere, a coiled or serpentine device is installed on the device block.
In the illustrated apparatus, it can be provided within a vertically arranged apparatus block, the top of which opens into the gas chamber. Or an outlet is provided at the top,
Light gas may escape into the gas chamber.

In conventional absorption methods, gas losses occur not only due to large air bubbles, but also due to gas evolution during depressurization at the end of use. With the method of the invention, such losses are eliminated. Even if the gas pressure is low, the flow velocity is momentarily reduced to almost zero, and forced absorption of water occurs where the fluid pressure is partially reduced. At these points, a relatively low gas pressure is effective as an overpressure. The loss during depressurization is extremely low, and the stability of the absorption state is high. Therefore, the method and device of the present invention can be applied not only to plants but also to all industrial fields.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is a vertical sectional view of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention, FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of a modified embodiment, but showing a part thereof in detail; The figure is a diagram showing the basic device of the device for absorbing gas into a liquid according to the present invention. Explanation of symbols, 1: Device block, 2: Connection part, 3: Control room, 4: Diaphragm, 5: Gas distribution chamber, 6: Storage tank, 7: Movable member, 8: Plunger: 10: Gas chamber, 11: Throttle, 12: Distribution passage, 13: Liquid passage, 14: Inlet, 15a~
15c: Gas absorption part, 16a, 16c: Reflux part, 17: Opening, 18: Port, 19: Communication path, 2
0:: Port, 25: Fertilizer supply pipe, 26: Metering valve, 30: Device block, 31: Inlet, 32: Gas chamber, 33: Injection stage, 34: Distribution passage, 35: Re-injection stage, 36: Suction pipe , 37: Connection part, 38: Fertilizer storage tank, 39: Suction pipe, 101: Device, 10
2: Side tube, 103: Top lid, 104: Bottom lid, 10
5: Pipe, 106: Exhaust port, 107: Gas chamber, 10
8: liquid, 109: nozzle device, 110: branch pipe,
111: Flange, 112a-112c: Injection stage, 113a-113c: Expansion section, 114a-1
14c: Gas intake port, 115: Liquid injection stage, 1
16a, 116b: liquid injection stage, 117a-11
7b: Expansion part, 118: Side tube, 119: Communication path,
120: Exit, 121: Open end, 125: Exit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A liquid is fed into an injection nozzle device having at least two gas injection stages, and the liquid is fed in such a way that the flow rate decreases sharply at each transition between two injection stages arranged sequentially in the flow direction. A method for absorbing gas into a liquid by injection, which is characterized by changing the flow rate in stages. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the region where the flow rate rapidly decreases is in direct contact with a region containing carbon dioxide gas. 3. A patent claim characterized in that after passing through at least two gas injection stages, the liquid is sent to at least one further injection stage, and the liquid that has already absorbed gas is returned and mixed with the liquid that has absorbed gas. The method described in item 1 or 2 of the scope. 4. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the liquid is passed through the injection nozzle device as a circulating flow. 5. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the liquid stream is fed directly to the outlet of the gas-absorbed liquid. 6. Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the liquid stream is provided below the surface of a reservoir of gas-absorbed liquid, and the stored absorption liquid is supplied to one or more outlets. The method described in any one of Section 4. 7. Water is introduced at the temperature and pressure of the public water supply, and the introduced water supplies carbon dioxide from a pressurized carbon dioxide gas source to at least one of the areas in contact with the introduced water according to the water pressure. the water is then supplied as a stream to the contact area such that at least two locations in the flow passing through the contact area are at a low pressure with respect to the water pressure of the water introduced from the mains. A method of adjusting the liquid supplied to fertilizer and water equipment for home hobby gardening by making the irrigation water absorb carbon dioxide gas, which is characterized by rapidly reducing the pressure and simultaneously bringing the water and carbon dioxide gas into contact. how to. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein liquid fertilizer is simultaneously supplied to the contact area, and the supply amount per unit time is controlled according to the water introduction pressure. 9. Feeding a liquid into an injection nozzle arrangement having at least two gas injection stages and varying the flow rate of the liquid in steps such that the flow rate decreases sharply at each transition between two injection stages arranged sequentially in the flow direction. The apparatus implements a method of absorbing gas into a liquid by injection action, and includes an injection nozzle device 109 having at least two injection stages 112a to 112c, the injection stages being arranged one after the other in a coaxial relationship. The injection stage is connected to the liquid supply branch pipe 110 in the axial direction, and the width of the injection stage increases stepwise in the flow direction. A device as described above, characterized in that each region is in direct contact with a source of pressurized gas. 10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the region immediately after each of the stages 112a to 112c is in direct communication with a chamber containing carbon dioxide gas. 11. At least one liquid injection stage 115 is subsequently arranged in the nozzle device 109, and the intake ports 122a-122b of the liquid injection stage 115 communicate with the gas absorption liquid outlet 120 located downstream. Apparatus as claimed in claim 9. 12 The outlet of the last injection stage is open below the liquid level 126, 127 of the stored gas absorption liquid 108, and the stored liquid is stored in the pressure tank 101 having the gas chamber 107, and the gas 12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the chamber is configured as a source of pressurized gas for the nozzle device (109). 13 A side tube 118 closed to the gas chamber 107 is spaced apart from and surrounds the liquid injection stage 116a, 116b, and is located downstream of the side tube and opens into the side tube. A liquid flow path is formed having an outlet 120 for the gas-absorbing liquid, the lower end of which is open below the surface of the stored liquid 108.
Apparatus according to paragraph 1 or paragraph 12. 14. The outlet 106 of the tank 101 is shielded from the outlet 125 of the nozzle device 109, 115 or is laterally offset therefrom, so that large air bubbles can rise unhindered into the gas chamber 107. 14. A device as claimed in claim 12 or claim 13, characterized in that the device has the following characteristics: 15 The liquid passage in the nozzle devices 109 and 115 is formed as an annular passage by the central moving member 130.
10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the diameter of 0 widens abruptly or stepwise, preferably along the flow direction. 16 a control room 3 connected (at 2) to the public or regional water supply and in which, when the connection is activated, a temperature of the water of the mains and a pressure of between 1 and 7 bar; Closed outlet valve 7
a pressurized carbon dioxide storage tank 6 having a pressurized carbon dioxide gas storage tank 6; and a pressure responsive control means 4 for controlling the outlet and the pressure reducing valve 7, the valve opening in response to pressure, and the control means 4 being connected to the control chamber 3. and has a fluid passage 13 whose inlet is connected to the control chamber, and the fluid passage is provided with at least two passage portions 15a to 15c arranged sequentially in the flow direction. The flow cross-sectional area of each section is expanded stepwise, and each expanded section communicates with carbon dioxide gas chambers 10, 12 to which carbon dioxide gas is supplied via the outlet and the pressure reducing valve 7. A device for treating fertilization and irrigation liquid for home use or hobby gardening, which has a carbon dioxide absorption means characterized by: 17 Liquid fertilizer storage tanks 25 and 26 communicating with the liquid passage 13 are provided, and the liquid fertilizer storage tank has a suction force and/or
The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the liquid fertilizer is supplied under the influence of a supply pressure corresponding to the pressure in the control chamber (3). 18 comprising a control and mixing block 1, said block being adapted to be connected to the water supply, said passage section forming said control chamber 3, said pressure response control means 4 and injection nozzles 15a-15c in said block; 18. A device according to claim 16 or 17, further comprising a connection to the pressurized carbon dioxide storage tank 6, the fertilizer storage tank 25, 26 and the outlet or discharge connection 28. 19. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that a diaphragm 4 separating the control chamber 3 is provided to actuate the outlet pressure reducing valve 7 directly. 20 The fertilizer storage tank is directly affected by the pressure in the carbon dioxide gas chambers 10 and 12 through the gas chamber of the storage tank, or the fertilizer is stored in a flexible container. 20. A device according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that it supplies fertilizer by being indirectly acted upon. 21 The supply pipe 25 for liquid fertilizer is connected to the liquid passage 1
3, said supply pipe is connected to at least one injection nozzle 15.
21. A device according to any of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the supply pipe terminates in the area behind a to 15c and has a connection to a fertilizer storage tank. 22 A suction pipe 36 adapted to be connected to the fertilizer storage tank 38 extends from one of the injection nozzles 33
Apparatus according to any one of clauses 20. 23. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that a throttle means 11 is provided in the flow path between the carbon dioxide gas chambers 10, 12 and the outlet pressure reducing valve 7. 24. A patent claim characterized in that at least one injection nozzle 16a, 16b is further arranged successively in the liquid channel 13, which absorbs carbon dioxide gas well and returns the irrigation water mixed with fertilizer. Apparatus according to scope 16. 25. Claim 24, characterized in that the fertilizer is a solid fertilizer, and the water flowing through the liquid passage is poured into the solid fertilizer storage chamber.
Equipment described in Section.