JPS6119879Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an improvement of a gear chuck device that grips and rotates a gear.

A diaphragm gear chuck device is one type of gear chuck device that can rotate while engaging the tooth surface of a gear and gripping the gear. As shown in FIG. 1, a diaphragm 4 whose peripheral edge is fixed to the chuck body 2 and whose central part can bulge in the axial direction, and a gear 6 are mounted on the front surface of a chuck body 2 that rotates together with the main shaft of the machine. A plurality of gripping claws 8 are provided toward the center of the diaphragm 4 to engage with and grip the tooth surface, and a plurality of gripping claws 8 are connected to the center of the diaphragm 4 by being slid onto the chuck body 2. The gripping claw 8 is actuated with a motion component perpendicular to the axis by the axial movement of the piston 10 driven by air pressure. Therefore, with this device, the gear can be gripped using its pitch circle as a reference and can be machined with a fixed tool, so compared to the case where a gear gripped in a fixed state is machined with a rotary tool, It has the advantage that the pitch circle of the gear and the machining surface are highly coaxial, and the gear can be gripped efficiently by switching the air pressure.

However, since the gripping state of such a conventional device is not a rigid locking state, there is a risk that the gear may jump out of the gripping pawl due to centrifugal force under high-speed rotation. For this reason, the rotational speed during machining is restricted, making it impossible to increase the efficiency of machining work.

Furthermore, when gripping with the conventional device,
Since the tips of the gripping claws operate in an arcuate trajectory centered around the peripheral edge of the diaphragm 4, the gripping claws slide in the axial direction on the tooth surfaces of the gear, causing scratches on the tooth surfaces and There was a drawback that it could be shifted in one direction or another.

On the other hand, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 53-63681 describes a chuck device for an internal gear. This is achieved by arranging multiple pins parallel to the axial direction on the outer circumferential side of the collet, which is expanded radially outward by the action of the tapered surface. By engaging the tooth surface, the internal gear is held and rotated with the tooth surface as a reference.

According to this chuck device, it is possible to hold the workpiece internal gear in a rigid lock state, and when the pin engages with the tooth surface, it does not slip in the axial direction, thereby preventing scratches on the tooth surface or gear rotation. It will not shift in any direction.

However, since the pin extending in the axial direction of the collet is engaged with the tooth surface, it is not possible to hold a helical gear. This is because it is impossible to arrange the pin along the tooth surface of the helical gear. In addition, even if it is a spur gear, if the teeth are crowned, the pin will only engage in a spot shape at the longitudinal center of the tooth, so the gear will rotate around that engagement area. It is not possible to prevent the gear from swinging, and the gear cannot be held accurately and firmly. The gears that can be held are limited to spur gears without crowning.

The present invention was made with the above circumstances in mind, in order to provide a chuck device which can engage with the tooth surface of a gear to hold it in a rigid locked state, and which can grip not only crowned spur gears but also helical gears and the like without any hindrance.

To this end, the chuck device according to the present invention includes (a) a chuck body that is cylindrical as a whole, has a first tapered surface on the inner periphery, and has a rear end fixed to the rotating shaft of the machine; (b) ) A second tapered surface slidingly contacts the first tapered surface on the outer periphery.
a collet having a tapered surface and provided inside the chuck body, the tip of which is moved toward each other by the action of the first and second tapered surfaces when the collet is moved in the axial direction with respect to the chuck body; ,(c)
A fixed member fixed to the chuck body is slidably fitted into a plurality of holes formed radially in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the chuck body, and the tip of the collet allows the shaft of the chuck body to be slidably fitted. (d) a gear pin that is driven toward the center and engages a tooth surface of the gear at an end on the axis side; and (d) a gear pin that is immovable relative to the fixed member and faces the tip side of the chuck body. (e) a clamp pin held by the chuck body so as to be slidable in a direction parallel to the axis of the chuck body; (f) the clamp pin; a claw extending from the tip side end of the chuck body in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the clamp pin and rotatable between an operating position where the tip portion faces the gear receiving surface and a retracted position where the tip portion does not face the gear receiving surface; and (g) a coupling mechanism for coupling the clamp pin and the collet to a common axial drive device while allowing relative axial movement between the two, the gear pin rotating the center of the pitch circle of the gear. The gear is aligned with the center and is positioned in the axial direction by pressing the gear against the gear receiving surface with the pawl.

In a chuck device configured in this manner, the collet is expanded and the gear pin is in a position away from the axis of the chuck device, and the clamp pin is protruded and the pawl is moved away from the gear receiving surface and in a retracted position. The gears are installed in this state. When the pawl is moved away from the gear receiving surface, it may be automatically rotated to the retracted position by the action of a cam, etc., or it may be rotated to the retracted position by the operator's hand. Good too.

With one end surface of the gear pressed against the gear bearing surface, the collet and clamp pin are moved in the axial direction by a common axial drive device, and the contraction of the tip of the collet causes the multiple gear pins to move into the chuck device. The pitch circle of the gear is brought into alignment with the axis of the chuck device, that is, the center of rotation, by engaging the tooth surface at the end on the axis side. At the same time, the pawl is brought close to the gear bearing surface, presses the gear against the gear bearing surface, and positions the gear in the axial direction. The clamp pin and the collet are connected to a common axial drive device by a coupling mechanism, and the coupling device is adapted to allow relative axial movement between the clamp pin and the collet, so that the claw and gear pin By engaging one of the gears before the other, the clamp pin and the collet can move even after one of them becomes immovable, and both the claw and the gear pin Both will surely engage the gears.

In the end, the gear is positioned in the axial direction by being pressed against the gear bearing surface by the pawl, and in the radial direction with respect to the tooth surface by the plurality of gear pins forcibly driven by the collector. It will be held in a rigid lock state. Therefore, even if the gear is rotated at high speed, the gear will not fly out of the chuck device, allowing efficient machining.

Moreover, since the gear pin that engages with the tooth surface moves in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the gear, it does not damage the tooth surface or cause the gear to move in the axial direction when engaged.

In addition, since the gear pin moves in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the gear and engages the tooth surface at the tip, it can engage not only crowned spur gears but also helical gears without any problem. It is possible. This engagement of the gear pin with the tooth surface is spotty, but since the gear is pressed against the gear bearing surface by the pawl, it does not swing around the engagement area between the gear pin and the tooth surface. be.

In addition, since the clamp pin and the collet are driven by a common axial drive device via a coupling mechanism, the device cost can be reduced compared to the case where a dedicated axial drive device is provided for each. It will be done.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

In FIG. 2, 20 is a face plate provided on the end of a rotary shaft of a machine tool (not shown).
The chuck device 22 is coaxially fastened to the face plate 20 by a bolt 24. The chuck device 22 comprises a first housing 26 having a bottom and a cylindrical shape whose bottom is in contact with the face plate 20, and a first housing 26 connected to the first housing 26.
The chuck body is made up of a housing 26 and a cylindrical second housing 30 fastened to the opening of the housing 26 by a bolt 28.

The rotary shaft of the machine tool has a draw pipe 3 driven in the axial direction by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown).
A cylindrical transmission member 34, which is screwed onto one end of the draw pipe 32 and passes through the bottom of the first housing 26, is disposed within the chuck body so as to be movable in the axial direction. . As shown in FIG. 3, the transmission member 34 is integrally provided with three flange portions 36 extending radially outward at an intermediate position in the longitudinal direction. It has a function of transmitting the driving force in the axial direction of the draw pipe 32 to the locked clamp pin 38 and a collet 40 which will be described later.

Returning to FIG. 2, at the opening of the second housing 30, an annular cover 42 extending inward is fastened to the opening end with bolts 44, and a peripheral edge inside the second housing 30 is provided with holes 46 parallel to its axis and three bushings 48 are fixedly mounted therein at mutual positions of 120 degrees relative to its axis. Three clamp pins 38 are slidably fitted into holes 46 provided in the bushing 48, with one end thereof being locked to the flange portion 36 and the other end passing through the cover 42. That is, the one end of the clamp pin 38 has a large-diameter head 52 and a small-diameter portion 54 that is smaller than the diameter of the clamp pin 38 adjacent to the head 52 . is inserted into the hole 56 provided at the tip of the head 5.
A compression coil spring 58 is inserted between 2 and the flange portion 36. Therefore, in the direction in which the clamp pin 50 protrudes (rightward in FIG. 2), it is moved by the amount of movement of the draw pipe 32, but in the direction in which the clamp pin 38 is withdrawn, it is prevented from moving by a gear 60, which will be described later. The gear 6
0 can be clamped using the biasing force of a compression coil spring 58. A claw 62 for clamping is fastened to the end surface of the other end of the clamp pin 38 by a bolt 64. Further, at an intermediate position in the longitudinal direction of the clamp pin 38, a pin 66 is provided to protrude perpendicularly to the axis of the clamp pin 38, and the pin 66 is engaged with a notch 68 provided in the bushing 48. As shown in FIG. 4, this notch 68 includes an inclined portion 70 slightly inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the clamp pin 38 at an intermediate position.
When the clamp pin 38 is moved in the protrusion direction, the clamp pin 3 is formed in a counterclockwise direction in the direction of movement.
8 can be rotated.

On the other hand, on the inner periphery of the opening of the second housing 30,
A first tapered surface 72 is formed which is an inclined surface that approaches the axis as it goes deeper (closer to the face plate 20), and the collector 40 is formed in the second housing 30.
When the collet 40 is slid into the second housing 30 and pulled into the second housing 30 (to the left in FIG. 2), the tip of the collet 40 contracts. That is, the collet 40 has a central portion 74 having a cylindrical shape with a bottom and three claw portions 76 which are tip portions that expand radially from the open end of the center portion 74. has a second tapered surface 7 in sliding contact with the first tapered surface 72.
8 is provided. The tip of the transmission member 34 is slid into a hole 80 provided at the bottom of the central portion 74, and a spring receiver 82 is fitted into the tip of the transmission member 34, and two lock nuts 84 are fitted into the tip of the transmission member 34. A compression coil spring 86 is inserted between the collet 40 and the spring receiver 82.

As is clear from the above description, the draw pipe 32 and the hydraulic cylinder (not shown) constitute a common axial drive device that moves the clamp pin 38 and the collet 40 in the axial direction.
4, compression coil spring 58, spring receiver 82,
The lock nut 84, compression coil spring 86, etc. constitute a coupling mechanism that couples the clamp pin 38 and the collet 40 to the axial drive device while allowing relative movement between the two.

Further, three gear pins 88 are disposed in the opening of the second housing 30 so as to be movable in the radial direction, and the gear pins 88 are pushed out by the claws 76 of the collet 40 and lock the shaft of the chuck device 22. It moves in the center direction and is adapted to be engaged with the tooth surface of the gear 60. That is, the second housing 3
In the holding member 90 fitted into the opening of the chuck device 22, three holes 92 are formed on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the chuck device 22 on a radial line centered on the axis. A gear pin 88 with its engagement end facing the axis is slid into the gear pin 92 , and the gear pin 88 is biased toward the outer circumference by a leaf spring 94 whose one end is fixed to the holding member 90 . The outer circumferential end of the claw portion 76 is brought into contact with the inner tip of the claw portion 76 .

A housing hole 96 is provided in the center of the holding member 90 to accommodate the gear 60, and a gear receiving surface facing the tip side of the chuck body is provided at the bottom of the housing hole 96 to accommodate the gear 60. A spacer 98 is fitted to receive and position this in the axial direction. The spacer 98 has a circular tubular projection extending in the axial direction around its central hole.
By fitting the tip of the protrusion inside the end of the transmission member 34, the spacer 98, together with the cover 72, has a function of preventing dust from entering the inside of the chuck device 22.

Note that a groove 100 parallel to the axis is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the central portion 74 of the collet 40, and a second
A key screw 102 whose tip engages in a groove 100 is screwed into the housing 30, and the collector 40 is screwed into the housing 30.
is configured to rotate together with the second housing 30 while being allowed to move in the axial direction relative to the second housing 30. Similarly, a groove 104 parallel to the axis is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the transmission member 34, and a key screw 106 whose tip engages with the groove 104 is screwed into the first housing 26.

The operation of this embodiment will be explained below.

When the draw pipe 32 is in its most retracted state, the gear 60 is gripped by the chuck device 22. FIGS. 2 and 5 show this state.

When the draw pipe 32 is pushed out toward the chuck device 22 (to the right in FIG. 2) as a result of the operation of a hydraulic cylinder (not shown), the clamp pin 38 moves together with the draw pipe 32 at the flange portion 3.
Extruded by 6. At this time, the pin 66 protruding from the side surface of the clamp pin 38 is guided by the inclined portion 70 of the notch 68, and the clamp pin 38 is rotated counterclockwise in the moving direction. As a result, the direction in which the claw 62, which was holding down the gear 60 in the axial direction, releases its hold (rightward in FIG. 2)
At the same time, the tip of the claw 62 is rotated from the operating position shown by the solid line in FIG. 5 to the retracted position shown by the two-dot chain line. In this state, the compression coil spring 86 is biasing the collet 40 in the direction toward the face plate 20 regardless of the movement of the transmission member 34, and the collet 40 is not moving relative to the second housing 30. , the gear 60 is not yet released from the gear pin 88.

When the draw pipe 32 is pushed out further, the flange portion 36 of the transmission member 34 comes into contact with the center portion 74 of the collet 40, and the collet 40 is pushed out. As a result, the collet 40 is moved relative to the second housing 30, so that the claw portions 76 of the collet 40 are expanded by the action of the first tapered surface 52 and the second tapered surface 78. Therefore, the gear pin 88 which was brought into contact with the inside of the tip of the claw part 76 by the leaf spring 94 is moved toward the outer circumference according to the biasing force of the leaf spring 94, so that the gear pin 88 and the gear 60 The engagement with the tooth surface is released,
The grip on the gear 60 is released. In this state, the gear 60 can be replaced.

Next, when the draw pipe 32 is retracted in accordance with the operation of a hydraulic cylinder (not shown), the collet 40
is moved to the left in FIG. 2 as the transmission member 34 moves. The biasing force of the compression coil spring 86 is set to be large enough to move the collet 40. As a result, the tips of the claw portions 76 are brought closer to each other by the action of the first tapered surface 72 and the second tapered surface 78, so that the gear pin 88 moves toward the center against the biasing force of the leaf spring 94. The gear pin 88 is driven to engage the tooth surface of the gear 60 . At this time, since the distal end of the gear pin 88, which is the engagement end, is processed into a predetermined known engagement shape, the gear 60 can be easily gripped using its pitch circle as a reference. In other words, the center of the pitch circle and the center of rotation of the chuck device 22 are aligned. In this state, the movement of the collet 40 toward the left in FIG.
Since the collet 40 is prevented from moving with respect to the second housing 30, the collet 40 is allowed to move relative to the transmission member 34 by contraction of the compression coil spring 84.

When the clamp pin 38 that is locked to the flange portion 36 moves as the draw pipe 32 is retracted, the clamp pin 38 is rotated by the action of the pin 66 and the inclined portion 70, and the clamp pin 38 is rotated. 62 is in the state shown in FIG. When the draw pipe 32 is subsequently drawn in, the pawl 62 engages the gear 60.
Although the clamp pin 38 comes into contact with the clamp pin 38 and is prevented from moving, the draw pipe 32 is further drawn in. As a result, the clamp pin 38 is urged in the axial direction by the compression coil spring 58.
The axial direction 60 is clamped by the biasing force of the claw 62, and the center portion 74 of the collet 40 is brought into contact with the lock nut 84 via the spring receiver 82, so the collet 40 receives a strong force in the axial direction. , the claw portion 76 engages the gear 6 with respect to the gear pin 88.
Transmits a strong force towards 1. That is, the tip of the claw portion 76 in the collet 40 is aligned with the first tapered surface 72.
Due to the action of the second tapered surface, a mechanical lock is established, and the gear 60 is firmly held by the gear pin 88. In this state, the chuck device 22 can be rotated together with the rotating shaft of the machine.

As described above, according to this embodiment, by driving the draw pipe 32 in the axial direction, the gear can be easily gripped with the pitch circle center of the gear aligned with the rotation center. can be attached and detached efficiently. Moreover, since the tip of the gear pin 88 moves in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the gear,
The gear can be gripped without damaging the tooth surface of the gear or shifting its position in the axial direction, and since the gear 60 is gripped in a mechanically locked state by the collet 40, the gear will not pop out even under high-speed rotation. Therefore, machining of the gear can be done efficiently. Moreover, since the gear 60 is clamped by the gear receiving surface of the spacer 98 and the pawl 62, the gear 60 is more securely fixed to the chuck device 2, making the machining operation safer.

The above-mentioned embodiment is merely one embodiment of the present invention, and various modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit thereof.

For example, the quantity and shape of the gear pin 88 and the pawl 62 can be changed depending on the conditions of the gear to be gripped.

The draw pipe 32 may be driven not only by a hydraulic cylinder but also by another driving device such as a pneumatic cylinder or a cam mechanism.

Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, the draw pipe 3
Although the collet 40 is configured to tighten when the draw pipe 2 is pulled in, the collet 40 may be tightened when the draw pipe 32 is protruded. In this case, the first tapered surface 72 tilts the second tapered surface 78 in the opposite direction, and the collet 40 and the clamp pin 38 are connected to a common axial drive device by a coupling mechanism including a lever or the like, and the collet 40 and the clamp pin 38 are connected to a common axial drive device. 40
The clamp pin 38 may be retracted when the is protruded.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing a conventional chuck device. FIG. 2 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken from the side in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the main part of FIG. 2. FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway right side view of the embodiment of FIG. 2. 22: chuck device, 26: first housing,
30: Second housing} (chuck body), 32:
Draw pipe (axial drive device), 34: Transmission member, 58, 86: Compression coil spring, 84:
lock nut} (connection mechanism), 38: clamp pin, 40: collet, 60: gear, 62: pawl, 7
2: First tapered surface, 76: Claw portion (tip portion), 7
8: second tapered surface, 82: spring receiver, 88: gear pin, 90: holding member, 98: spacer (gear receiving surface).

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A chuck device that grips and rotates a gear, which has a cylindrical shape as a whole, has a first tapered surface on its inner periphery, and has a rear end fixed to the rotating shaft of the machine. a chuck body, and a second tapered surface on the outer periphery that slides into contact with the first tapered surface, and is provided inside the chuck body, and when moved in the axial direction with respect to the chuck body, the distal end portion contacts the first and second tapered surfaces. The collet is brought close to each other by the action of the second tapered surface, and the collet is slid into a plurality of holes formed radially in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the chuck body in a fixed member fixed to the chuck body. a gear pin that is movably fitted and driven toward the axis of the chuck body by the tip of the collet, and that engages the tooth surface of the gear at the end on the axis side; a gear receiving surface that is relatively immovable and facing the tip side of the chuck body and that receives one end surface of the gear; and a gear receiving surface that is slidable by the chuck body in a direction parallel to the axis of the chuck body. a held clamp pin; and a working position in which the tip of the clamp pin extends from an end on the tip side of the chuck body in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the clamp pin and in which the tip faces the gear receiving surface and a retracted position in which the tip does not face the gear receiving surface. and a connecting mechanism that connects the clamp pin and the collet to a common axial drive device while allowing relative movement of the clamp pin and the collet in the axial direction, wherein the gear pin rotates the gear. A chuck device for a gear, characterized in that the center of a pitch circle is made to coincide with the center of rotation, and the gear is pressed against the gear bearing surface by the pawl to position the gear in the axial direction.