JPS6048257A - Ginding or polishing by machining center - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit the reasonable grinding work without making the machine complicated, by supplying air into an air grinder incorporated into a machining center from the contiguous outside part installed onto the machine and controlling the feed speed by detection the overload. CONSTITUTION:In use of an air grinder 1, an air feeding joint piece 30 and an air feeding pipe are installed onto a transverse-shaft type machining center, etc., and the air grinder 1 is installed onto a spindle 42. When the number of revolution reduces because of the load applied onto an abrasive wheel 17, the detected value of the number of revolution by an electromagnetic sensor in the grinder 1 is input into a tachometer and compared with a set number of revolution by a comparator. When each value is over the set value in each comparator starting from the first comparator in succession, the work is continued by the first feed, and when the value is less than the set value, the drive controlling part of a feed mechanism is operated within the range up to the detection of overload in the next stage, and the feed speed of a table is reduced, and thus the reasonable grinding work can be executed efficiently during the work by the machining center. Further, the necessity of making the spindle part of the machine complicated eliminated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for performing grinding or polishing in a machining center in which an air grinder is incorporated into the spindle as a tool in the Kihatsu QT-X machining center so that grinding or gear polishing can also be performed.

In order to improve the productivity of machining and promote labor saving in factories such as unmanned operation, a single machine tool automatically exchanges tools according to the machining order according to a preset program and performs a series of operations. Many machining centers are now being adopted that allow multiple machining processes to be performed without changing the workpiece during the machining process.

Conventionally, this type of machine tool mainly uses a rotating cutting tool such as a fly cutter, milling cutter, drill, etc., which is attached to and removed from a spindle to perform cutting using the cutting tool. Of course, most machining of workpieces is mainly done by high-speed cutting, and almost all of the required machining set in advance by the program (2) can be performed simply by fixing the workpiece on a table. It's K.

However, in order to further improve machining accuracy and save labor, it is desirable that not only cutting with a knife but also grinding and polishing be incorporated into the program and used in combination.

In view of the situation, the present invention has been developed to enable grinding using an air grinder, similar to conventional cutting tools in machining centers, regardless of the workpiece, that is, regardless of the shape of the workpiece, the part to be machined, etc. Furthermore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tool that can be replaced automatically like other tools, and that allows grinding or polishing to be carried out rationally in a machining center by incorporating an air grinder.

In the present invention, when the grinder is attached to the spindle, the tools of the machining center are installed in such a way that the air supply port to the grinder is connected to the air supply port previously attached to the machine side by a joint. Driving pressure air is supplied to the grinder from the outside of the spindle support boss, so that the operation W1 of the air grinder can be performed rationally without interfering with the use of other tools, The purpose is to provide a means for incorporating a grinder that can achieve the purpose without complicating the structure of the machining center machine.

In the present invention, when installing the Fl tool on the main machine of the machining center, the grinder W and the pressurized air supply connection port for # are provided in the support boss part of the spindle parallel to the spindle axis, and the air grinder used has a straight axis. When the base of the mold is fitted into the tool mounting hole of the spindle, the air supply joint to the motor section is connected to the pressurized air supply connection port of the boss section, and then the air supply valve is opened. The grinder is driven, and when the grinder grinds or polishes the required surface of the workpiece, the rotation speed of its output shaft is detected and the load on the grinder and the workpiece feed rate of the machine are controlled. When the load on the grinder increases, the table feed speed of this machine is selectively controlled by comparing the surface output signal with the It becomes a table that can rotate and can be used interchangeably with other cutting tools.
I made it possible.

Below, the January issue will be explained using drawings as an example.
The one shown in Fig. 1 is a specific example of an air grinder m that is attached to the spindle of this machine. (2) is the main body, and a motor part (8) is provided inside the front half.
The outer periphery of the rear half is tapered so that it can be installed by matching the tapered hole formed in the spindle of this machine. Then, for the motor part 13), a nine-ar part (4) protruding to the side of the front half of the main body (2) is provided at a required distance from the main body axis line through an elbow (6) attached to the tip. A parallel air supply connecting pipe (6) is attached, and air is supplied from the passage in the arm (4) connected by the elbow (6) through the body (2) to the cylinder +st of the motor section (3). A Kapanar type air supply valve (not shown) with a well-known structure is installed in the section, and the arm (4
) is fixedly fitted with a tool exchange clamp mounting ring (6) having a V-shaped annular groove (6').

The air supply system for the motor section (3) is connected to the arm section (4).
) is the ventilation hole (4) leading to the intake valve in front of the motor part?
The elbow (6) is attached to the outer end of this ventilation hole (14''), and the air supply connecting pipe (6) of this elbow (6)
') is provided with an appropriate length and a slope at its tip, so that it can be connected to the air supply joint provided on the spindle boss on the machine side. This air supply joint piece is attached to the front end surface of the spindle support boss 020 of this machine as illustrated in Fig. Connecting pipe (6) Connecting holes (buttons) at specified positions at intervals that match the dimensions to the center.
This connecting hole (K) is connected to the connecting pipe (6) on the elbow (6) side.
6) A part of the taper at the tip (1g) so that it can come into close contact with the
There is a joint ring ma with a sealing pad attached to the back that is applied with a coil spring force to maintain airtightness and is movable. The button is designed to be connected to the air supply joint ring @ the push-in hole part of the air supply joint piece. The machine's operation control system and electromagnetic pipe are connected so that air is supplied once the grinder has been fully attached to the spindle, and the air supply is stopped by a command signal that indicates the completion of grinding or polishing work. It is associated with the air supply valve.flf
J is the main shaft support gauge, which is fitted and tightened to the front end of the main body (1), and is connected to the internal bearing m1 (m
The main shaft (1) is rotatably supported through the main shaft (1) coaxially with the motor output shaft (f).Inside the casing side, there is an air space communicating with the motor (3) built-in the main body (2) and the exhaust passage (9). A rotation θ barrel and a communication passage (141) are provided, and a porous exhaust cover ring (IIlil) fitted on the outer periphery with a suitable thickness is provided so that the exhaust gas from the motor horn is dissipated to the outside from the entire circumference. The main shaft (IXO has the rear end connected to the motor (
3) The output shaft +a+ is directly connected to the joint (1φ), and at its tip, a bowl-shaped grinding wheel (1η (not limited to this) is clamped and fastened with the support plate 0~ and the presser foot 0 West). and then install it.

Therefore, the motor output shaft (g) and the main shaft 02 to which the grinding wheel is attached
The main shaft support casing is mounted on the sleeve-like joint θ (the rotation speed detection gear (E) in the connection space on the 101 side).
is attached, and an electromagnetic sensor Qυ is provided so that its tip is close to and opposite to this gear. This electromagnetic sensor 1) is connected to the electromagnetic coupler wire supported by the protruding part of the main body (2) by a lead wire, and is connected to the machining center 14.
An electromagnetic coupler (to) of the same structure as the electromagnetic coupler (2) is protruded at a predetermined position of the spindle (14 support boss 01) of the wooden machine (411), and the double-power puller (2) has no A controller tube is provided at a suitable location on the machine side, and this controller e2
71 [is a tachometer that measures the number of revolutions by inputting the pulsed current from the electromagnetic sensor, and a digital switch for setting multiple number of revolutions, each connected in parallel with a comparator interposed between them. The set value of each rotation speed setting switch 3 and the output rotation speed detection value of the grinder (1) are compared by each comparator@, and the comparators with the higher value are compared with the lower values in order. An electrical control mechanism is associated with the machine so that each output signal is applied to the workpiece feed rate control mechanism on the machine side to perform the corresponding operation (see FIG. 3). The connection position of the electromagnetic coupler that transmits the load detection of the grinder m to the control cylinder is determined in advance by the joining position of the air supply connection pipe (6) of the grinder and the air joint piece.

When using the 17-inch air grinder (1) in such a configuration, for example, on a horizontal shaft type machining center as shown in Fig. 4, install the air supply pipe between the air supply joint pieces and the corresponding air supply pipe ( (using a high-pressure hose, etc.), and connect it to the electric controller and machine control system via the electromagnetic coupler (2), and when the grinder is not in use, replace the tool locker 4 with the clamp holder of w1411.
reaches the air grinder removal position in tool locker 4, holds it with a clamp, moves it to the spindle (41) in a predetermined order, and connects it to the air supply pipe installed in the air supply pipe attached to the spindle. Open the valve and turn on the grinder (
The motor tit in 1) is activated and the grinding wheel 0η is rotated.

Therefore, when grinding is performed during the process of performing required machining such as cutting according to a preset program,
In order to deal with negative M fluctuations in the grinder during work, the controller attached to the machine @0 should be able to convert the feed rate of the table @η in multiple stages using each rotation speed setting switch. With this setting condition, the grinding wheel (1
When the rotation speed decreases due to the load acting on η, the electromagnetic sensor built into the grinder (1) @II
The detected value of the rotation speed by K is input to the tachometer in the controller via the electromagnetic coupler (2) wire, and this tachometer 124
), the set rotation speed is compared with the operating rotation speed using multiple comparators, and each comparator sequentially provided from the first comparator determines whether the operating value is higher than the set value. If they are the same, the load is within the set conditions, so work can be continued with the original feed, and if the comparison value is low, there is an overload, so the overload detection mechanism in the rotation speed setting section from the previous stage to the next stage is changed. The drive control section of the feed mechanism is operated within the range of , the table feed speed is reduced, and the next stage comparator detects the load comparison value, and if there is an overload, the table feed speed is reduced again to the next stage feed speed. It controls the feed speed according to the grinder's rotation speed, and controls the feed speed of the workpiece loading table to slow down as the load increases, and speed up as the load decreases, making it efficient and rational. This allows the grinding work to be carried out by incorporating it into the machining center.

In this way, when the (υ) machining (also Gf machining) is completed, the air grinder (1) is removed from a part of the holder of the spindle 04 by the operation of the tool changer 4, and replaced with a tool suitable for the next work. As soon as the end of the machining work by the air grinder (1) is confirmed based on the program, the electromagnetic air supply valve in the pressure air supply pipe 6 closes and the air supply to the grinder (1) is stopped. Then, the tool will be replaced with the next tool.

According to the present Fj4, when an air grinder is used by incorporating it into a replacement tool of a machining center, air can be supplied to the air grinder from an adjacent external device attached to the spindle of the machine. At the same time, the overload acting on the motor is detected by fluctuations in the rotational speed, and this is detected through a speed comparator that can be set externally in multiple stages to feed and reverse the workpiece.

In order to provide control commands to the drive section of the machine, and to slow down the feed speed when the load increases, this system is combined with the control system so that normal grinding (or polishing) can be carried out rationally. Machining using a cutting tool drive system and a separate drive system can be performed without difficulty, and an effective means of incorporating and using air tools in a machining center has been obtained, making machining using a machining center even more versatile. It is. By adopting an external air supply means for the air tool, it is possible to easily create combinations of machining operations that are practically effective without complicating the spindle of this machine.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a partial vertical sectional view of an embodiment of an air grinder used for replacement and installation on a machining center, and Fig. 2 shows a mechanism for detecting a load. 3 is a block diagram of a control mechanism, and FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of an example of a machining center employing the method of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A pressurized air supply connection port for driving the grinder is provided in the spindle support boss of the main machine of the machining center in parallel to the spindle axis, and the air grinder used is a straight-axis type, and the base is connected to the spindle. When fitting the tool into the tool mounting hole, the air supply joint to the motor unit matches the pressure air supply connection port, and after the connection is made, open the air supply valve to drive the grinder. When grinding or polishing a workpiece, the rotation speed of the output shaft is detected and the load on the grinder is compared with the surface output signal from the workpiece feed rate control system of this machine. Grinding or polishing using a machining center characterized in that the table feed speed is selectively controlled, the air supply is stopped when the grinder is removed after the grinding or gear polishing operation is completed, and the spindle is made rotatable (C1) Processing Method.