JPS60112481A - Article for preventing document from being duplicated and manufacture of said article - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a document from being duplicated, by a means which can not be seen through by the naked eye, by providing the first means for providing a variable visible effect, the second means which is adhered to the document, and the third means for protecting the first means from abrasion. CONSTITUTION:The document 10 is provided with an identifying member 12 for preventing the document 10 from being illegally duplicated or falsified, without being seen through by the naked eye under sunlight or the light of a candescent light or the like. When the naked eye is at position 1, the member 12 gives the first visible effect when rays are incident on a diffraction grating or a holography grating. When the naked eye is located at position 2, the member 12 gives the second visible effect when rays are incident thereon. Where the member 2 is a diffraction grating or a holography grating, the first color pattern is observed by the eye located at position 1, and the second color pattern is observed by the eye located at position 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Background of the Invention The problem of detecting illegally copied documents in general and counterfeit banknotes in particular is an unsolved problem that has existed since the advent of these documents or banknotes. .

The problem of detecting counterfeit banknotes has become particularly acute with the proliferation of office copiers, particularly color copiers, and laser scanning, relatively inexpensive and readily available photocopying devices.

Although various systems and configurations for detecting counterfeit banknotes have been known in the past, these conventional systems and configurations tend to be highly complex, and they do not require the use of sunlight or incandescent or fluorescent light. It is not suitable for detecting counterfeit banknotes with the naked eye under normally available lighting.

Documents such as U.S. banknotes, securities, bonds, stock certificates,
Notes and other securities, especially negotiable securities, certificates,
Certificates of power of attorney, mortgage deeds, and other documents for which legal duplication or forgery is a serious problem, should be given some means of identification so that illegal duplication or forgery can be seen with the naked eye under the above-mentioned illumination. There is a strong demand to do so.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention satisfies this need by providing a document and an identification member that is non-destructively adhered to the document. The identification member provides a visible effect that can be easily detected by the naked eye under commonly available illumination, such as sunlight or incandescent or fluorescent light, and that this visual effect changes as the line of sight towards the document changes. It changes accordingly. If the visual effect does not change even if the line of sight toward the document changes, the document is detected as an illegal or forged document.

The non-destructive adhesion between the identification member and the document prevents the identification member from being removed from the document without partially destroying either or both of the identification member and the document. According to the invention, this visible effect is realized by a diffraction grating, for example a linear grating, a helical grating, a multiple grating, a holographic grating or a hologram.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS The product to which the present invention is applied shown in FIG. 1 includes a document 10,
The document 10 may be a United States bill, for example a $20 Federal Reserve note, as schematically illustrated. The identification member 12 according to the invention, detailed below, provides a visible effect detectable to the naked eye under typical illumination, such as that provided by sunlight, incandescent lights or fluorescent lights;
This visual effect changes as the line of sight towards the document 10 changes. This change in visual effect is best shown in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 7, document 10. Therefore, as the line of sight of a person's eye relative to the identification member 12 changes, the resulting visual effect changes. Such a change in line of sight may include moving the eye relative to the document 10 and thus the identification member 12 from position 1 to position 2; (17) or moving the document 10 and therefore the identification member 12 relative to the eye. , or both at the same time. Also, if a light beam is used instead of scattered light, document 10
, thus an effective change in the line of sight with respect to the identification member 12 is achieved by moving the light beam illuminated onto the document 10 and the identification member 12 from one position to another while keeping the eye and the document 10 stationary. achieved.

As will become clear by reference to FIG. 1, and in particular to the visible and variable visible effects achieved by the present invention, the visible and variable visible effects utilize diffraction gratings, holographic gratings or holograms. This is achieved by

A diffraction grating, as known to those skilled in the art, is typically a set of very closely spaced spaces used to diffract ambient light, either reflected or transmitted, into its component colors or color spectra. A plate of glass, plastic, or metal with markings formed on it. Line gratings are typically a set of very closely spaced straight lines or spirals used to produce a color spectrum by diffraction of ambient, reflected or transmitted light. A diffraction grating is typically a set of very closely spaced spiral ruled lines used to diffract ambient light into its component lights. The spectrum produced by a linear grating is a set of separate color bands diffracted and arranged in the order of their respective wavelengths; A spectrum with a rainbow-like reciprocal smearing of colors in the range υ of separate color bands, as in the case of
This is a spectrum known as the ``sai cloud effect''. These gratings or scoring lines can be formed by various methods known to those skilled in the art, for example by a scoring device that generates a mask grating, which can be replicated by electroforming a plastic layer coined with the mask grating. The electroforming mold is then used as a die or mold to coin the grating into a layer of another material, such as a suitable plastic material, so that the diffraction grating appears as a surface relief on said layer of material. The surface relief on this material layer may be metallized, for example by means of a suitable vacuum deposition method, in which case the grating is present both in the material layer and in the metallized layer. Also, the holographic grating, as understood,
Rather than score lines, it is a grating or surface relief produced photographically using coherent light, such as a laser beam, according to methods well known to those skilled in the art. As is further understood, the term "hologram" as used herein refers to a pattern formed by surface relief on a layer of material, which hologram, in the presence of light, According to the angle of the viewer's eyes,
It appears and disappears. The surface relief forming the hologram can be formed by a variety of methods well known to those skilled in the art.

As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the term "diffraction grating" as used herein refers to linear gratings, spiral gratings, and multiple gratings (with a first portion consisting of a linear grating and a grating having at least one second portion consisting of a helical diffraction grating, a first portion formed by the diffraction grating having a linear density per square inch and a second portion having a linear density per square inch; a diffraction grating having at least one second portion formed in the diffraction grating;
a first portion formed by a linear score line of orientation; and a second portion, such as an orientation perpendicular to the linear score line of the first orientation.
a grating with at least one second portion formed by linear score lines of orientation, a grating formed by a mosaic arrangement of helical diffraction gratings, or a combination thereof) do.

2, 3 and 4 schematically illustrate various gratings and multiple gratings that can be used in accordance with the present invention.

That is, the left-hand portion of the multiplex grating, schematically illustrated in FIG. Each linear grating may have a different linear density per square inch for better optical discrimination.

FIG. 3 shows a continuous helical grating, and FIG. 4 shows a mosaic array of helical gratings in which each quadrant is formed by a different helical grating section. Multiple gratings are each illustrated.

The structure of the document IO and identification member 12 according to the invention can be better understood by referring to FIG. 5, which is a cross-sectional representation thereof. The identification member 12 has an irregular line 16.17
may include a metal layer 14 forming a holographic grating, hologram, or diffraction grating as schematically illustrated by , these lines 16 , 17 generally forming the boundaries of the metal layer 14 and providing a surface relief within the metal layer 14 . represents a diffraction grating, holographic grating or hologram formed by

The metal layer 14 can be non-destructively adhered to the document 10 by a suitable polymeric layer 18 in accordance with further teachings of the invention described below. The identification member 12 includes a protective coating or protective layer 20 bonded to the metal layer 14 as described below, which protects the metal layer 14 from friction, such as mechanical friction and/or chemical friction. Further, it may be provided.

Metal layer 14 and protective layer 20 according to further teachings of the present invention
The structure and manufacturing method include a support layer 22, a metal layer 1
4 and protective layer 20 may be better understood with reference to FIG. The carrier layer 22 is a suitable plastic, for example a polyester layer or a polyester film, on the surface of which the carrier layer is provided with a surface relief as described above or with a surface relief forming a diffraction grating, a holographic grating or a hologram. By appropriately embossing the upper surface of 22, a diffraction grating, a holographic grating, or a hologram is formed. This surface relief is schematically illustrated in FIG. 6 by an irregular line below, which is defined by the metal layer 1.
It also almost defines the lower boundary of 4. The surface relief formed on the upper surface of the carrier layer 22 is suitably metal-deposited, for example by a suitable vacuum deposition method, and has a thickness of approximately 8 ohms to 0.5 ohms per unit square area, expressed in angstroms (X) of 35 to 35 angstroms (X). A metal layer 14 with a thickness of 560X is formed. Protective layer 20 is then formed by adhering the polymer layer to metal layer 14.

The polymer layer is approximately 0.006 ynm to 0.01 ynm.
The film is made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, or polyester and has a thickness of tMn (0.00025 to 0.0005 inches). The polymeric material has a temperature of 39.8° to 177°C (100° to 350°F) and a temperature of 7 to 70 kg/cn12 (1000 to 10,000
) pounds per square inch) can be applied to the metal layer 14. The adhesion between the polymer layer serving as the protective layer 20 and the metal layer 14 is based on the adhesion between the metal layer 14 and the support layer 22, which is formed by vacuum evaporation of the surface relief formed on the upper surface of the supporting layer 22. are also strong, so when an appropriate shearing force is applied as shown by the oppositely directed arrows 25 and 26 in FIG.
．． As indicated by 24, the relatively weak bond between carrier layer 22 and metal layer 14 is severed, and the polymer layer forming protective layer 20 and metal layer 14 are separated from compatibilizing layer 22.

The metal layer 14 is formed by inserting a polymer layer selected from the group consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane or polyester between the metal layer 14 and the document 10;
．． Non-destructively adhered to document 10 by applying a temperature of 8° to 177°C (100° to 350”F) and a pressure of 7 to 70 kli+/2 (1000 to 10,000 pounds per square inch). Alternatively, a layer of a solvent-activated polymer selected from the group consisting of acrylic resin and ethylene-vinyl acetate is inserted between metal layer 14 and document 10 and a suitable solvent is applied. The solvent-activated polymer layer may be tacky to non-destructively adhere the metal layer 14 to the document 10 after drying of the solvent.

(25) An example of a solvent is MEK (methyl ethyl ketone). The thickness of the polymer layer is substantially between 0.002 and 0.00
6 inches (0,0001 to 0.00025 inches). In this specification, "non-destructively connected" means that when the identification member 12 is separated from the document 10, the identification member 12 12 and document 10 or both are at least partially destroyed.

In summary, referring again to Figure 1, document 10 may be illegally copied and forged under commonly available illumination, such as sunlight, incandescent or fluorescent light, without being detected by the naked eye. Identification member 12 and document lO
are provided in accordance with the present invention. As shown in Figure 7,
When the unaided eye is in position 1, the identification element 12 provides a first visible effect when a light beam is incident on the diffraction grating, holographic grating or hologram formed by the identification element 12 as described above. Eyes move to position 2. and identification member 12
gives a second visible effect when the light rays are incident on it26). If the identification member 12 is a diffraction grating or a holographic grating, the first color pattern is viewed at position 1 and the second color i9 turn is viewed at position 2.
It will be observed at.

If the identification member 12 comprises a hologram, the hologram appears and disappears depending on whether the eye is in position 1 or position 2.

It has been found that the identification member 12 according to the invention cannot be reproduced by black and white or color office copying or photocopying. Copying the identification member 12 forms a generally black image or a gray and black shadow image, which remains visible when viewed with the naked eye under illumination and with various lines of sight and changes of line of sight. No visible effect changes.

Since this image gives the same visual effect regardless of the line of sight of the eye toward the image, if no change is observed in the visual effect when viewing the image with various lines of sight, then the document 10 may be illegally copied. or it becomes clear that it was forged.

The present invention can be implemented with various modifications other than the embodiments described above, and the specific configurations described above are merely examples and do not limit the present invention.

In summary, the present invention is a product and method for making the same that prevents documents from being copied without being seen by the naked eye under normally available lighting such as sunlight or incandescent or fluorescent light. , gives a visual effect that can be easily detected by the naked eye under such illumination, and that this visual effect changes accordingly as the line of sight to the document changes. If the visual effect does not change even if the line of sight toward the document changes, the document is detected as an illegal or forged document.

This visible effect can be realized by various diffraction gratings, holographic gratings or holograms.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view showing a document equipped with an identification member to which the present invention is applied; FIGS. 2 to 4 are schematic top views showing enlarged various diffraction gratings that can be used according to the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a document equipped with an identification member to which the present invention is applied, and particularly shows the detailed structure of the identification member to help understand the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a detailed structure of the identification member to which the present invention is applied. FIG.
Therefore, it is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a change in the line of sight with respect to the identification member. Explanation of symbols of main parts 10...Document. 14...Metal layer (first means). 20... Protective layer (third means). 22...Support layer (second means. Patent applicant Nippon Copan Co., Ltd. (29) FIG, 2 FIG, 3 FIG, 4 FIG, 5

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A product for preventing documents from being copied without being seen by the naked eye under normally available lighting such as sunlight or incandescent or fluorescent light, the product comprising: , a document; a first means for providing a visual effect that is detectable to the naked eye under said illumination and that changes when the line of sight to said document changes; and said first means is attached to said document by non-destructive adhesion; An article for preventing the copying of documents, characterized in that it has: second means for adhering to said first means; and third means for protecting said first means against abrasion. 2. The product according to claim 1, wherein the first means includes a metal layer in which a diffraction grating is formed;
Article characterized in that the metal layer has a thickness of approximately 8 to 0.5 ohms per unit square area. 3. The product according to claim 2, wherein the diffraction grating is a spiral diffraction grating with mechanically scored lines. 4.% The product according to claim 2, wherein the diffraction grating is a linear diffraction grating with mechanically scored lines. 5. The product according to claim 2, wherein the diffraction grating is a holographic grating. 6. The product according to claim 2, wherein the diffraction grating is a multiple diffraction grating. 7. The product according to claim 1, wherein the first means includes a metal layer having a hologram formed therein;
The product according to any one of claims 1 to 7 of patent 8, characterized in that the metal layer has a thickness in the range of substantially 8 to 0.5 ohms per unit square area. , the second means is substantially 0.
0.002 to 0.006 mm, said first means being non-destructively adhered to said document by said polymer layer by application of predetermined heat and pressure. 9. The product according to claim 8, wherein the predetermined heat is substantially in the range of 39.8° to 177°C;
A product characterized in that the predetermined pressure is substantially in the range of 7 to 70 kg/crn2. 10. The product according to claim 9, characterized in that the polymer layer is selected from the group consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane or polyester. 11. The product according to claim 8, wherein the polymer layer is a solvent-activated polymer layer, which becomes sticky when a predetermined solvent is applied, and after drying of the solvent, the above-mentioned document Article characterized in that it provides said non-destructive adhesion of said first means to said article. 12. The product according to claim 11, wherein the predetermined solvent is MEK (methyl ethyl ketone). 13. The product according to claim 12, wherein the solvent activated polymer layer is selected from the group consisting of acrylic resin and ethyl-vinyl acetate copolymer. products. 14. A method for manufacturing a product that prevents documents from being copied without being seen by the naked eye under normally available illumination, such as sunlight or the light of an incandescent or fluorescent lamp, which method comprises: forming a predetermined surface relief in the layer, the surface relief being detectable to the naked eye under the illumination and having a visible surface relief that changes as the line of sight to the surface relief changes under the illumination. shall give an effect,
The method includes the steps of adhering the layer of the predetermined material to the stopper, note, or document by non-destructive adhesive; and a protective layer on the layer of the predetermined material to protect the predetermined material from friction. A method for manufacturing a product, comprising the step of disposing. 15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the step of forming a predetermined surface relief on the surface of the layer of the predetermined material and the step of forming a protective layer on the predetermined material include forming a surface relief on the layer; metallizing the surface relief to form a metal layer with the predetermined surface relief formed therein; and applying a second predetermined plastic layer to the metal layer. and removing said metal layer and a second predetermined plastic layer from said first predetermined plastic material layer, said metal layer comprising a layer of a predetermined material having said predetermined surface relief. and wherein said second predetermined plastic material layer provides said protective layer on said predetermined layer of material. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein (5) the step of bonding the second predetermined plastic material layer to the metal layer is performed at a temperature substantially in the range of 39.8° to 177°C. A method of manufacture characterized in that it comprises the step of adhering a polyester layer to said metal layer using a temperature in the range of 7 to 70 kg/cm2 and a pressure in the range of substantially 7 to 70 kg/cm2. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of forming a surface relief on one surface of the first predetermined plastic material layer comprises the step of embossing a diffraction grating into the polyester layer. Characteristic manufacturing method. 18. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of forming a surface relief on one surface of the first predetermined plastic material layer comprises mechanically scoring one surface of the polyester layer. A manufacturing method comprising the step of embossing a helical diffraction grating. 19. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of forming a surface relief on one surface of the first predetermined plastic material layer comprises: (6) mechanically forming a surface relief on one surface of the polyester layer. A manufacturing method comprising the step of embossing a scored linear diffraction grating. 2. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of forming a surface relief on one surface of the first predetermined layer of plastic material comprises embossing a holographic diffraction grating on one surface of the polyester layer. A manufacturing method comprising the step of: 2. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of forming a surface relief on one surface of the first predetermined plastic material layer comprises the step of embossing multiple diffraction gratings on one surface of the polyester. A manufacturing method characterized by comprising: 2. In the method according to claim 15, the step of forming a surface relief on one surface of the first predetermined layer of silicone material includes embodying a predetermined hologram on one surface of the polyester. A manufacturing method comprising the step of shinging. 2. The method of claim 14, wherein the step of adhering the layer of the predetermined material to the document comprises a polymer layer selected from the group consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, and polyester. inserting between said layer of predetermined material and the document;
applying thereto a temperature in the range -177[deg.]C and a pressure in the range 7-70 kg/Crn2. 2. The method of claim 14, wherein the step of adhering the layer of predetermined material to the document comprises a polymer activated with a solvent selected from the group consisting of acrylic resin and ethylene-vinyl acetate. inserting a layer between the layer of predetermined material and the document; making the polymer layer sticky by applying a suitable solvent; and non-destructively applying the layer of predetermined material to the document after drying of the solvent; and adhering by adhesive bonding. 2. The method according to claim 24, wherein the step of applying the predetermined solvent includes a step of applying MEK (methyl ethyl ketone). 26. An identification device for preventing documents from being copied without being seen by the naked eye under normally available illumination, such as sunlight or the light of an incandescent or fluorescent lamp, the device comprising: a first means for providing a visual effect detectable to the naked eye under the document that changes when the line of sight relative to the document changes; and second means for joining the first means to the document by a non-destructive joining; and third means for protecting the first means against friction. 2. The device according to claim 26, wherein the first means includes a metal layer having a diffraction grating formed therein, and the metal layer has a thickness of about 8 to 0.5 ohms per unit square area. An identification device characterized by having: (9) -- 2. The identification device according to claim 27, wherein the diffraction grating is a spiral diffraction grating with mechanically scored lines. 2. The identification device according to claim 27, wherein the diffraction grating is a linear diffraction grating with mechanically scored lines. 30. The identification device according to claim 27, wherein the diffraction grating is a holographic diffraction grating. 31. An identification device according to claim 27, wherein the diffraction grating is a multiple holography. 32. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the first means includes a metal layer having a hologram formed therein, the metal layer having a conductivity of substantially 8 to 0.5 ohms per unit square area. An identification device characterized by having a thickness within a range. 33. The device according to any one of claims 26 to 32(10), wherein said second means comprises a polymer layer in the range of substantially 0.002 to 0.006 mg; An identification device OM according to claim 33, characterized in that the first means are non-destructively bonded to the document to the polymer layer by the application of predetermined heat and pressure. In the apparatus, the predetermined heat is substantially in the range of 39.8° to 177°C, and the predetermined pressure is substantially in the range of 7 to 70 Kg/crrL2.
An identification device characterized by being in the range of. 34. The identification device according to claim 33, wherein the polymer layer is selected from the group consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, or polyester. 36L In the device according to claim 33,
The polymer layer is a solvent activated polymer layer,
An identification device characterized in that it becomes sticky upon application of a predetermined solvent and provides said non-destructive adhesion of said first means to said document after drying of the solvent. 37. The identification device according to claim 36, wherein the predetermined solvent is MEK (methyl ethyl ketone). 38. The device according to claim 37, characterized in that the solvent activated polymer layer is selected from the group consisting of acrylic resin and ethyl-vinyl acetate copolymer. identification device. 39. The article of claim 1, wherein said third means is a polymer layer substantially in the range of 0.006 to 0.012 mm, said polymer layer protecting said first means against friction. Article characterized in that it is adhered to said first means by the application of predetermined heat and pressure in order to do so. 40. The product of claim 39, wherein said predetermined heat is substantially in the range of 39.8° to 177°C and said predetermined pressure is substantially in the range of 7 to 70 k! 9 /
A product characterized in that it lies in the range of cm 2. 41. The article of claim 39, wherein the polymer layer is selected from the group consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, polyurethanes, and polyesters. 42. In a document that can be photocopied and is visible to the naked eye under normally available illumination, such as daylight or the light of an incandescent or fluorescent lamp, the document shall be capable of being visually detected under said illumination. A document, characterized in that means are provided for providing a visual effect that changes when the line of sight with respect to the document changes. 43. For products containing documents that can be reproduced by a copying machine and that are visible to the naked eye under normally available illumination, such as daylight or the light of an incandescent or fluorescent lamp, the document must be an identification device is provided below which provides a visual effect detectable to the naked eye, said visual effect changing as the line of sight toward said document begins to change, and said document and identification device being copied by said copier; , wherein the copied identification device provides a visible effect detectable by the line of sight under the illumination, and the visible effect does not change when the line of sight changes with respect to the copied identification device. product. 44. In the case of products that prevent documents from being copied without being seen by the naked eye under normally available lighting such as sunlight or incandescent or fluorescent lights, the product shall: an identification means that is detectable by the naked eye and provides a visual effect that changes when the line of sight with respect to said document changes; said document and said identification means being adhered to each other; said document and said identification means being adhered to each other; , wherein the copied identification means provides a visible effect detectable by line of sight under the illumination, and the visible effect does not change when the line of sight changes with respect to the copied identification means. .