JPS5959239A - Granulation method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently granulate a heavy spherical granule high in fine and minute particle density within a short time, by a method wherein a powder thrown into a granulation chamber is revolved and fluidized in a twisted rope form and a liquid for adhering and coagulating the powder is supplied to the revolved and fluidized powder. CONSTITUTION:A powder is thrown into an upright cylindrical granulation chamber 1 and a revolving laminar stream revolving and fluidizing a ring shaped or a rope twisting configuration is formed by the rotary disc 7 provided to the inner bottom part thereof while a liquid is supplied from above by a sprayer 20 and the powder is adhered to the formed liquid droplets to be coagulated. Adhered and coagulated particles are grown while rotated and revolved in the ring shaped revolving laminar stream while the rotary speed of a beating blade 12 is adjusted so as to collide excessively grown particles in the laminar stream with the heating blade 12 rotated at the center of the revolving laminar stream at a hight speed to limit the max. particle size of the powder in the revolving laminar stream. By this method, a heavy spherical granule high in fine and minute particle density can be prepared efficiently within a short time and, by adjusting the rotary speed of each rotary member, a particle size, density or the like can be arbitrarily adjusted.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

This invention relates to a granulation method for obtaining granules or granules of a desired diameter by swirling and flowing powder introduced into a granulation chamber and supplying a liquid for adhering and agglomerating the powder. The present invention relates to an apparatus, and also relates to an apparatus capable of uniformly mixing two or more types of powder in a short period of time. As a conventional granulation method, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-49135
As shown in the above publication, a method is known in which a binder solution is sprayed onto raw material powder that is being fluidized in an air stream, and the powder particles are attached to the droplets and agglomerated to form granules. With this method, the particle size increases in proportion to the granulation time, and in the case of agglomerated granules, the surface of the granules has significant irregularities, resulting in poor flow properties, and the voids between particles are large, resulting in only light particles. However, when granules are obtained by coating the core particles with a binder, the surface smoothness is slightly better than that of agglomerated granules, and the air barriers between particles are smaller, but the granules adhere to each other. The disadvantage is that secondary aggregation cannot be avoided. Therefore, a method has been proposed in which the binder is dispersed intermittently in several steps, and the fluidized bed is mechanically stirred and dried while the binder dispersion is interrupted. However, with this method, the particles of relatively 13I quality (low porosity) are small! 1′
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[Even if grains can be obtained, the process of supplying the binder solution and the drying process are divided into several steps and performed alternately, so the control method is troublesome and the control device is complicated and expensive. cannot be avoided. This invention can be applied, for example, to fine particles (diameter 10 to 0.17 mm;
), the purpose is to granulate dense and heavy spherical granules (diameter 05 to 01%) with a simple structure and operation at a significantly high yield, and with one device. This makes it possible to consistently perform powder mixing, granulation, drying/storming, and crushing of oversized granules. To explain the embodiment, FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG.
In the figure, a damper is placed above the granulation chamber 1, which has an upright cylindrical shape.
A lid 4 having a material input port 3 with two attachments is provided, and a discharge port 6 that is opened and closed by the lid 5 is provided at the bottom. At the inner bottom of the granulation chamber 1, there is a first plate that rotates around its axis.
Discs 7 as rotating members are arranged as close as possible,
It is configured to be driven by a drive means (not shown) via a shaft 8 and a pulley 9 at an arbitrary speed, for example, between 200 and 2000 R, P, and M, with the rotational speed being varied. The rotating disk 7 is provided with irregularities 10 on its surface to form a friction surface against the swirling laminar flow flowing in the granulation chamber 1 as described later. A rotor 11 as a second rotating member that rotates about its axis is further provided in the center of the granulation chamber 1, and a large number of crushing blades 12 extending horizontally are provided protruding from the outer periphery of the rotor 11. The rotor 11 is formed of a cylindrical body supported on a frame 14 via a bearing 13 etc., and the shaft 8 of the rotating disk 7 is supported concentrically on the inner diameter of the rotor 11 via a bearing 15 etc., and is fixed to one end of the cylindrical body. It can be driven at arbitrary speeds, for example, between 1000 and 4000 R, P, and M, by means of a drive means (not shown) via a pulley 16 and the like. A pulley 18 is further supported via a bearing 17 on the outer periphery of the sieve portion 14a that supports the bearing 13 of the frame 14,
A scraper 9 extending vertically along the cylindrical inner wall surface of the granulation chamber 1 and scraping off powder and granules adhering to the inner wall surface by coming into close or sliding contact with the inner wall surface is rotatably driven. The lid 4 is provided with a spray 20 as a supply means for supplying a liquid that causes water or powder to adhere and coagulate. An appropriate amount is supplied to the ring-shaped swirling laminar flow from above. As shown in detail in FIG. 3, the crushing blade 12 has a granule crushing surface 12& tilted at an appropriate angle with respect to the horizontal direction so that the granules obliquely collide with the lower surface of the rotor 1 during rotation. It is. 4 and 5, the first rotary part is replaced by a swirl 821 extending in the radial direction 1a in place of the disk 7, and the swirl wing 21 has a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. It has a configuration in which the cross section is almost trapezoidal 1, and when it rotates (arrow A8), the powder in the swirling laminar flow passes over the swirling blade 21 as shown by arrow B, and furthermore, the tip of the blade is Although not shown in the figure, it protrudes upward and its rotation causes the powder and granules in the swirling laminar flow to
A protrusion inclined toward the center of the granulation chamber 1 may be provided. Further, the swirler blade 21 may have a scraper-like cross section, as shown by 21a in FIG. It is also possible to have a shape with a large twist. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing still another embodiment, in which the granulation chamber 1
In the embodiment, a gas introduction pipe 22 is inserted into the center of the bottom wall of the granulation chamber 1, and a gas supply pipe (not shown) is inserted into the joint part 23. ) to connect. The gas introduction pipe 22 has its tip facing into the center hole 25a of the boss part 24 at the center of the disk 7 (straddled swirler), and is inserted through horizontal holes 251) provided in the boss part 24 at equal intervals on the circumference. Gas is supplied into the granulation chamber 1 as shown by the zero arrow. Generally, heated air is used as the gas, but when granulating a substance that is easily oxidized, an appropriate inert gas is used. 2
6 is a vane provided in the radial direction on the outer periphery of the central boss portion 24 of the disc 7 (or swirler), which prevents the powder and granules from gathering in the center of the granulation chamber 1 due to the wind pressure generated by its rotation. Do 6,
Reference numeral 27 denotes an exhaust port for releasing the internal waste of the granulation chamber 1 which increases due to the introduction of the drying gas, and discharges the internal waste into the atmosphere via a dust collector (not shown). Further, in order to conveniently perform dust collection, a suction blower (not shown) is provided for sucking gas in the granulation chamber J and releasing it to the atmosphere. In each of the above embodiments, the drive mechanism of the first rotary member, the second rotating member, and the scraper, and the arrangement of each drive unit are as follows:
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and other suitable drive mechanisms and arrangements may be used. The rotational directions of each rotating member and the scraper do not necessarily have to be the same direction. The second rotating members may be configured to rotate in opposite directions to increase the relative rotational speed. Note that the blade 2 provided on the boss 24 portion of the first rotating member 7, 21
6 is used to expel powder in the centrifugal direction by its rotation, to prevent the powder from entering into the cylindrical rotor 11, and to forcibly send drying gas into the swirling laminar flow. Helpful. The apparatus of the present invention has the above configuration, and a granulation method using the apparatus will be explained below. Powder from a predetermined publication, two or more types of powder, a powder binder, etc. are introduced into the granulation chamber 1, and a disk 7 as a first rotating member is introduced.
, and the rotor 11 as a second rotating member are rotated at high speed as shown by arrows A1 and A in the figure, and the scraper 19 is rotated as shown by arrow A8. As a result, in the granulation chamber 1, the rotational force of the disk 70, the centrifugal force,
Due to the action of centrifugal airflow caused by the rotation of the crushing blades 12, it rises in the vertical direction along the inner wall of the granulation chamber 1 and then centripetally, as shown by the arrow X in Fig. 1 and the arrow Y in Fig. 2. A swirling laminar flow 2 of the powder is formed, which flows in a ring shape and moves in an unbounded manner. That is, the powder introduced into this rope-shaped swirling laminar flow Z is rapidly and uniformly stirred and mixed. A scraper 19 also assists in the agitation. This indicates that the device of the present invention also has the function of a high-speed stirring and mixing device. When the mixing is performed by high-speed rotation of the disk 7 and rotor 11, a required amount of liquid for adhering and coagulating the powder is then supplied to the spray 20 from above the swirling laminar flow Z. If the powder itself has a property of adhering and coagulating when humidified, or if an appropriate binder such as bentonite is mixed in the powder, the liquid may be water, and the powder itself has no adhesion or cohesive property or has a small adhesion property. If necessary, a suitable binder solution is supplied, for example a polyvinyl alcohol solution. If the granulated product is a food product, medical product, or other product, an appropriate additive solution may be supplied at the same time. This liquid supply method may be an atomization method using a spray, or a shower, a bucket, etc. may be used to supply the required amount of liquid at once. In short, it is sufficient to supply liquid in an amount that is appropriate to the amount, physical properties, wetness, etc. of the powder in the granulation chamber 1. In this way, in the swirling laminar flow, fine particles that adhere to and aggregate on the droplets and become the core of the granules, and some particles with larger particle sizes are formed. As mentioned above, the swirling laminar flow 2 has a ring shape and is swirled at high speed in a loop-like manner in the X and Y directions, so the generated core rubs against the U in the swirling laminar flow, It grows into a spherical shape under the strong influence of M, and the larger the diameter, the more it flows on the surface of the layer due to centrifugal force. Therefore, the particles that have grown to a large diameter come out to the surface of the layer, collide with the crushing blades 12 of the rotor 11 rotating at high speed, and are crushed.
It is sent to the bottom side of the granulation chamber l. Then, it is further rounded into a spherical shape by the friction surface of the disk 7 and is inserted into the swirling laminar flow. On the other hand, since fine particles themselves have a small centrifugal force, they tend to enter the core of the pure motion of the swirling laminar flow 2, where the small particles are combined and rounded to meet the required requirements. granularity. It has the function of crushing the grown granules by the strong impact force and limiting the particle size to the desired size, and as the rotation speed increases, the impact force increases and the particle size tends to become smaller. Therefore, by adjusting the rotation speed, it is possible to obtain the desired particle size. On the other hand, the particles in the swirling laminar flow change their swirling flow velocity in accordance with the rotational speed of the disk 7, and due to the rotation and revolution of the particles in the swirling laminar flow, they are aggregated into droplets that are supplied. By growing and increasing the rotational speed of the disk 7, the rubbing effect between the particles during the rotation and revolution becomes stronger, and heavy spherical granules are obtained. In this way, 70 revolutions of the disc affects the formation of spherical granules and their apparent specific gravity (density), and 120 revolutions of the crushing blade affects the formation of spherical granules and their apparent specific gravity (density).
Scraper 19 has the role of limiting the particle size of particles.
The rotation has the effect of preventing the wet granules from adhering to the inner H4 surface of the granulation chamber 1 and promoting the movement of the granules toward the center of the granulation chamber 1. Due to these agglomeration effects, the grain size becomes uniform over time during papermaking, and by adjusting these rotational speeds, grains with the desired grain size distribution and apparent specific gravity can be produced at a high speed and at a high speed. This invention can be produced with a high yield.This invention can be applied to any application, such as mixing several types of powder, granulation by adding liquid to dry powder, and granulation by adding dehydrated press cake to dry powder. If a shower type is used instead of a spray as a liquid supply means, the granulation time can be shortened.On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, as the first rotating member, If the rotating fi21 is used instead of the disk 7, the granulation chamber 1
A swirler blade 21 for particles moving in the centrifugal direction on the inner bottom surface of the
Although the W-operation is smaller, if the cross section of the Ko 21 is made as shown in Fig. 6, the particles in the swirling laminar flow will move in the direction of the arrow B in response to the rotation of the swirling X*21 in the direction of the arrow A1. As shown in the figure, the swirling blade 21 is overcome, and at this time, the swirling laminar flow Z is made to jump upward, and the stirring and mixing action within the swirling laminar flow 2 is promoted. The swirler may have a cross section as shown by 21& in FIG. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 8, in the case where drying gas can be introduced into the granulation chamber l, it is possible to carry out granulation and drying in an integrated manner, as shown by the arrow O in the figure. By blowing gas into the swirling laminar flow, the volume of the layer can be expanded and adhesion of wet powder can be prevented. When carrying out the drying process, the growth of the granules stops contrary to the progress of drying, and the result is that they are crushed by the crushing blades. to reduce the flow velocity of the swirling laminar flow. When granulation and drying are completed, the rotation of the first rotating member is decelerated, the lid 5 is opened, and the granules in the granulation chamber 1 are discharged. As described above, this invention can produce heavy spherical granules with a high density of fine particles and fine particles in a very efficient manner in a short time, and by adjusting the rotational speed of each rotating member, the particle size It is also possible to arbitrarily adjust the density etc.
It is possible to provide a granulation method and device that do not involve any troublesome operations and do not require the provision of a complicated control device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a front view of the second rotating member, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment.
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view along the line ■-■ in Figure 4, and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view along line ■-■ in Figure 4.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a portion corresponding to FIG. 6 of another embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of still another embodiment. 1... Granulation chamber, -3... Material inlet, 4... Lid,
5... Lid, 6... Discharge port, 7... Disc (first rotating part), 9,16°18... Pulley, 10... Unevenness, 11... Rotor (first rotation part) 2 rotating member), 12... crushing blade, 14... frame, 19... scraper,
20...Spray, 21,211L...Swirling wing (first
(rotating member), 22... Gas introduction pipe applicant Fuji Baudal Hayashi Shiki Co., Ltd. agent Goho - Keiji, ・1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 225- Figure 5 Figure 6 1 A+ 1

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) Powder is charged into an upright cylindrical granulation chamber, and a swirling laminar flow is formed in the inner bottom of the chamber in a ring shape, and the liquid flows from above. The particles are fed and agglomerated onto the droplets, and the adhering and agglomerated particles are grown while rotating and revolving in the swirling laminar flow, and the particles are passed through the laminar flow to a crushing blade rotating at high speed in the center of the ring-shaped swirling laminar flow. A granulation method characterized in that the maximum particle size of the granules in the swirling laminar flow is controlled by adjusting the rotational speed of the crushing blade so as to collide the overgrown particles in the granulation chamber. Granulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the swirling laminar flow is formed by a plate that rotates at high speed around its axis at the bottom (3) A granulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the swirling laminar flow is formed by a stirring blade that rotates at high speed around the granulation method (4) After forming the granules, the speed of the swirling laminar flow is reduced. Granulation method (5) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the granules are dried by supplying a drying gas into the granulation chamber. an upright cylindrical granulation chamber equipped with a body inlet and an outlet; a first rotating member disposed close to the inner bottom of the granulation chamber and rotating around the axis of the chamber; A second plate is provided with a large number of crushing blades protruding from the granulation chamber and rotates around the axis of the acid chamber in the center of the granulation chamber.
A rotating member, a driving means for driving each of the first rotating member and the second rotating member so as to adjust the rotational speed, and a supplying means for supplying a liquid for adhering and aggregating the powder into a granulation chamber. A granulating device (6) in which the granule crushing part is tilted with respect to the horizontal direction so that the granules collide obliquely with the lower surface of the crushing blade by the rotation of the second rotating member. The granulation device (8) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the first rotating member is a rotating disk disposed close to the bottom surface of the granulation chamber (8) first The granulating device (9) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the rotating member is a diametrically extending swirler blade disposed close to the bottom surface of the granulating chamber. The granulation device 00 according to any one of claims 5 to 8, comprising a scraper rotating around its axis along the axis of the granulation chamber, and drive means for the scraper. , the granulation device according to any one of claims 5 to 9, which is formed so that a drying gas can be introduced.