JPH10328922A - Finely grooving method and device, cutting blade for fine grooving, and cutting blade holder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To lengthen the work limit depth of a fine groove, and to enlarge a corresponding range of the cutting work, by straightly reciprocating a cutting blade shaped into a thin plate, for cutting the fine deep groove. SOLUTION: A cutting tool 2 comprises a shank part having a cylindrical external shape, and a blade part 6 which is shaped into a thin plate by a cutting work, integrally with the shank part. The cutting tool 2 is straightly moved in a direction of arrow A in a condition it is fixed without rotated, to cut a groove 204 onto a work W. Concretely, the reciprocating motion that the cutting tool 2 is moved from an upper part toward a lower part of the work W to finely cut the work W, and is moved at a high speed in the direction of arrow A, and further the cutting tool 2 is moved on the other side to cut the work by the same amount, and is returned at a high speed, is repeated to cut the groove. This operation can be easily and automatically performed by using the numerical control function of a machining center.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for forming a narrow groove by linearly moving a thin cutting blade, a cutting blade for processing a narrow groove, and a holding device for the cutting blade. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of machining a narrow groove by a machining center, a rotary tool (end mill) 200 for machining a narrow groove having a twisted edge as shown in FIG. 25 is used. A method of performing cutting while rotating and advancing 200 is common.

[0003] The end mill 200 secures rigidity by minimizing the blade groove without making a rake angle on the blade portion. By rotating the end mill 200 at a high speed and making a minute cut, the cutting resistance is reduced to enable the processing of a fine and deep groove.

However, in the above-described rotary tool, when the tip diameter is 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, the rigidity is low, and it is limited to machine a groove to a depth of about 10 times the tool tip diameter. .

[0005]

In the machining center, when a deep groove such as a rib groove of a mold part is processed,
Conventionally, machining by the end mill as described above has been the mainstream.

[0006] The processing limit depth in this method is about 10 times the groove width as described above, and if the required groove depth is deeper than that, the processing cannot be performed by such a cutting method. There are cases. At present, it is necessary to rely on means other than cutting for deep grooves exceeding the processing limit. As a typical method of processing a narrow groove other than cutting, there is die-sinking electrical discharge machining. However, the die sinking electrical discharge machining requires additional steps such as electrode fabrication for the machining, and therefore it is considered that the efficiency is significantly lower than the cutting.

[0007] Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to extend the processing limit depth of a narrow groove in cutting by a machining center.
The purpose is to expand the range of support for cutting.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus capable of processing a fine deep groove with higher precision and efficiency than the conventional end mill method.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The above-mentioned problems are solved,
In order to achieve the object, a method for machining a narrow groove according to the present invention is characterized in that a thin and deep groove is cut by linearly reciprocating a cutting blade formed in a thin plate shape.

Further, in the method for machining a narrow groove according to the present invention, the cutting blade is attached to a machining center and reciprocated.

Further, in the method for machining a narrow groove according to the present invention, the machining center automatically controls the cutting amount of the cutting blade and controls the reciprocating motion.

Further, in the method for machining a narrow groove according to the present invention, the cutting blade is non-rotatably mounted on the machining center by using a holder for restricting a rotational movement of a spindle of the machining center.

Further, in the method for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention, the holder is provided with a safety mechanism for preventing the machining center and the holder from being damaged when the spindle is rotated.

Further, in the method for machining a narrow groove according to the present invention, the cutting blade has the same thickness as the width of the machining groove and is made of a thin plate-shaped ultrafine-grain cemented carbide having a predetermined width in the reciprocating direction. It is characterized by being formed.

Further, in the method for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention, the processing groove is processed to a depth of about 20 times the width of the processing groove.

Further, the method for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention is characterized in that a narrow groove having a groove bottom width of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm and a groove side surface gradient of 0 ° to 2 ° on one side is processed.

Further, the method for machining a narrow groove according to the present invention is a method for machining a narrow groove having a dead end portion which does not penetrate a workpiece. It is characterized by comprising a straight-ahead step of entering the object, and an escape step of moving the cutting blade obliquely upward at the dead end.

Further, in the method for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention, the cutting blade has a rake angle at a tip thereof, and discharges cutting chips from the dead end portion to the outside of the workpiece in the relief step. It is characterized by.

Further, the cutting edge for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention is:
It is characterized by comprising a cylindrical base portion and a blade portion formed by grinding the tip of the base portion into a thin plate by grinding.

Further, in the cutting edge for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention, the cutting edge is formed of an ultra-fine-grain cemented carbide.

Further, in the cutting edge for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention, the edge of the blade portion is provided with a relief angle.

Further, in the cutting edge for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention, the blade portion is formed in a thin plate shape having the same thickness as the width of the processing groove and having a predetermined width in the traveling direction. And a continuous portion of the blade portion and the blade portion are connected by an R shape.

Further, in the cutting edge for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention, a cutout portion is formed in the base portion for abutting a tip of a fixing bolt for fixing the cutting edge to a holder holding the cutting edge. It is characterized by being.

Further, in the cutting blade for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention, the blade portion is formed in a tapered shape from a root portion to a tip portion.

Further, in the cutting blade for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention, the blade portion is formed in a symmetrical shape in the front and rear direction of the cutting direction, so that reciprocating cutting is possible.

Further, the cutting edge for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention comprises:
It is characterized in that grooves are formed on both side surfaces of the blade portion to reduce cutting resistance and promote chip breaking.

Further, in the cutting blade for processing a narrow groove according to the present invention, the groove is formed stepwise on both right and left sides of the blade portion.

Further, the narrow groove processing apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that a spindle on which a cutter having a cylindrical outer shape is mounted is rotated, and the cutter is advanced in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis to perform cutting. It is characterized by comprising a device, a thin cutting blade attached to the spindle, and a control device for electrically controlling a state in which rotation of the spindle is permitted and a state in which the spindle is prevented from rotating.

Further, in the narrow groove machining apparatus according to the present invention, the control device controls a state in which the rotation of the spindle is permitted and a state in which the rotation of the spindle is blocked by a function code instructed by a numerical control program. I have.

Further, the cutting blade holding device according to the present invention is characterized in that a spindle having a cutter having a cylindrical outer shape is rotated, and the cutter is advanced in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis to perform cutting. What is claimed is: 1. A cutting blade holding device for holding a thin plate-shaped cutting blade on said spindle of a device, comprising: a main body mounted on said spindle; and fixing means for fixing said thin plate-shaped cutting blade to said main body. And locking means for preventing the main body from rotating together with the spindle.

Further, in the cutting blade holding device according to the present invention, the lock mechanism may include a tapered groove provided in the processing device, and a tapered groove provided in the main body and fitted tangentially to the groove. And a fitting pin of (1).

Further, the cutting blade holding device according to the present invention is characterized in that the cutting blade holding device further comprises an elastic member for urging the fitting pin against the groove.

In the cutting blade holding device according to the present invention, the fixing means includes a hole for inserting a cylindrical portion formed at a base of the cutting blade, and the cylindrical portion on a side wall of the hole. And a bolt for pressing.

Further, a molding die according to the present invention is characterized in that a groove is processed by the method for processing a narrow groove according to the first aspect.

Further, a molding die according to the present invention is characterized in that a groove is formed by the method for forming a narrow groove according to the ninth aspect.

[0036]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(First Embodiment) In the cutting process using a conventional end mill, the cutting force is reduced by rotating the tool at a high speed. In the present embodiment, the tool is fixed and a high-speed linear reciprocating motion is performed. This reduces cutting resistance.

FIG. 1 is a view showing the shape of a cutting tool used for cutting in the present embodiment, (a) is a front view of the cutting tool, (b) is a plan view of the cutting tool viewed from below, (C)
Shows a side view of (a) viewed from the right side.

In FIG. 1, the cutting tool 2 has a shank 4 having a cylindrical outer shape and a blade 6 formed integrally with the shank 4 into a thin plate by grinding. Side blade 8 having the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the narrow groove to be machined
Are symmetrical as shown in FIG. 1A, and are linearly connected at a constant gradient within the effective blade length range. Further, the connecting portion between the shank portion 4 and the side blade 8 is connected by an R-shaped portion 10 in order to provide rigidity.

As shown in FIG. 1C, both sides in the width direction of the side blade 8 have the same shape, and correspond to reciprocating cutting. The blade portion 6 is provided with a rigid width 12 in order to have rigidity in the processing direction, and a side edge angle 1 in the width.
4. A bottom edge angle 16 is provided.

The notch 18 in the cylindrical portion of the shank portion 4 is a portion to which a fixing bolt is applied when fixing the shank 4 to a holder, which will be described later, to prevent the cylindrical shape of the shank 4 from being damaged or dented.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a state where the cutting tool 2 is mounted on the holder 20.

The holder 20 includes a main body 21, a tapered portion 24 mounted on a machine spindle 22 of a machining center, and a lock portion 26 for restricting rotation of the holder 20.
And a tool holding portion 28 for fixing the cutting tool 2.

As shown in FIG. 3, the cutting tool 2 is inserted into a hole provided in the tool holding portion 28 and is fixed by a fixing bolt 30, so that the center of the machine spindle 22 coincides with the center of the cutting tool 2. It has a structure to do. With such a fixing method, the holding rigidity of the cutting tool 2 is secured. The lock portion 26 is a lock pin 3 that is taperedly fitted with a lock block 32 provided on the machining center main body 23.
4 and a mechanical spindle 2
2 is locked so as not to rotate with respect to the machining center main body 23. The lock block 32 has a V-shaped groove 32a opened downward as shown in FIG. 4, which is a view of FIG. 3 seen from the right side, and the groove 32a has a tapered tip. When the lock pin 34 is fitted, the holder 20 is locked non-rotatably with respect to the machining center main body 23. The lock pin 34 is urged upward by a spring 36 with respect to the main body 21 of the holder 20 as shown in FIG. As a result, the lock pin 34 is constantly urged in the direction of fitting into the groove 32a, and the fixed state of the holder 20 during cutting is maintained.

When the holder 20 is fixed to the machining center main body 23 by the lock pin 34, the lock key 38 is released, and the spindle 22 can freely rotate with respect to the holder 20. Thereby, the holder 2
Even when the spindle 22 rotates by mistake while the “0” is fixed to the machining center main body 23, it is possible to prevent the holder 20 and the spindle 22 from being damaged. After fixing the holder 20 to the machining center main body 23, the tool holding portion 28 can be freely rotated with respect to the main body 21 of the holder 20 by loosening the clamp bolt 40 on the side surface of the holder 20, so that the cutting tool 2 can be moved in the machining direction. Can be aligned.

Next, a processing method according to the present embodiment is shown in FIG.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the groove 204 is machined in the work W by feeding the cutting tool 2 linearly in the direction of arrow A with the cutting tool 2 fixed without rotating. Specifically, the cutting tool 2 is slightly cut into the work W from the upper side to the lower side of the work W, is sent at a high speed in the direction of arrow A, and the cutting tool 2 is lowered again by the same amount on the opposite side and cut. Cutting while repeating the reciprocating motion of returning at high speed.

This operation can be easily and automatically performed by using the numerical control function of the machining center. With regard to the feed speed, machining at ten times or more the conventional end mill machining becomes possible, and high efficiency can be expected.

It is desirable that the cutting fluid is applied to the blade 6 in order to cool the heat generated by the friction of the tool and to remove chips.

The cutting method according to the present embodiment employs a tip width of 0.1 mm.
5mm to 3.0mm, side slope (one side) 0 ° to 2 °, depth can be used to process narrow grooves with a depth of about 20 times the groove width, and is great for processing narrow grooves that penetrate the work linearly effective.

Since the cutting method is a processing method in which the cutting resistance is minimized, the metal processing can be performed without being affected by the hardness of the work material, but the tool life is slightly varied due to the difference in the processing conditions. Needs to be taken into account.

Next, FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of a workpiece processed by the processing method of the present embodiment.

The work W shown in FIG. 6 is a general mold part. The processing target in this embodiment is the narrow grooves 42 and 44 in the center, the groove bottom width is 1.0 mm, the gradient (one side) is 1 °, and the depth is 20 mm. The work material is NA
K55 (HRC40) is used.

Conventionally, such groove processing is generally performed by wire cut discharge. However, since the processing time becomes long, it has been desired to perform the processing by cutting. However, in the conventional cutting process, when the groove width is 1 mm, the depth is 1 mm.
Processing up to about 2 mm is the limit, and deeper parts are processed by die-sinking discharge, and this method also requires an enormous amount of processing time.

According to the working method of this embodiment, it is possible to machine the narrow groove only by cutting. Furthermore, since high-speed processing can be performed, a drastic improvement in efficiency can be expected as compared with the conventional processing method.

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the processing method of the present embodiment from the side.

First, the work W is mounted on the vise 46 mounted on the machine table, paying attention to the processing direction, interference when the cutting tool 2 penetrates the work W, and the like.

The holder 20 is attached to the machine spindle 22, and the cutting tool 2 is set. The parallelism of the cutting tool 2 with respect to the machining direction is set to 0.02 mm or less in consideration of machining accuracy, tool wear balance, and the like.

Next, the cutting tool 2 is lowered from the upper surface of the work W to a cutting depth of 0.02 mm at the position a on the outside of the work W, and is fed at a high speed to the position b on the opposite side. At the position b, the cutting tool 2 is lowered again to the same cutting depth (0.02 mm), and returned to the position a at a high speed. This operation is repeated up to the position of the processing depth 48.

A water-soluble cutting fluid is used as a cutting fluid, and the cutting tool 2 is accurately jetted from two nozzles 50. By reliably cooling the tool and removing chips, machining accuracy and tool life are improved, and a stable machining result can be obtained.

The effect of the working method of the present embodiment will be described in comparison with a conventional method.

The difference between the cutting conditions and the processing efficiency between the conventional processing method using an end mill and the processing method according to the present embodiment will be described.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the difference in cutting conditions. In terms of cutting conditions, the processing method of the present embodiment has a processing speed of about 10 times and a processing limit depth of about 2 times as compared with the conventional method.
It has improved twice.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a difference in processing time (processing efficiency). This figure compares the processing time of the narrow groove shown in FIG. 6 between the conventional processing method (two types) and the processing method of the present embodiment.

It can be seen that the processing method of the present embodiment can be processed in about 1/5 the time of the conventional processing method, and about half as long as the wire cutting processing. Further, since the processing accuracy, particularly the surface roughness of the groove side surface, is very good, the post-processing post-processing can be simplified.
Further, since the surface roughness is good, it is considered that the resin has good removability in the processing of the mold, and this is an epoch-making processing method.

Further, the method of the present embodiment is hardly influenced by the material of the work material, and therefore can be applied to a wide range of other cutting processes.

FIG. 10 shows the comparison between the present embodiment and the conventional example in terms of the amount of deflection of the tool, the machining surface accuracy, and the tool life.

As shown in FIG. 10, according to the method of this embodiment, it can be seen that the tool life is increased by a factor of 2.5.

(Second Embodiment) The deep groove machining method shown in the first embodiment is a method capable of machining more efficiently than conventional end mill machining. As shown in FIG. 11, since the side blade 8 is inclined, the contact area may increase as the processing depth increases. Although the amount of one cut is small, it can be expected that the cutting resistance naturally increases as the contact area increases.

When the contact area is large, the chips 60 generated by the side blades 8 are generated in a widely connected state as shown in FIG. 12, so that the chips cannot be removed from the machining groove 4 and the side surfaces of the groove are damaged. May be added.

The second embodiment is a further improvement of the first embodiment with respect to the above points.

First, the cutting resistance is proportional to the cutting volume. In the case of the processing method of the present invention, it was determined that the cutting volume could be replaced by the contact area because the cutting depth was small. From this fact, it was considered that the contact area of the cutting tool during machining should be reduced in order to reduce the cutting resistance during deep groove machining.

In the present embodiment, as a method of reducing the contact area of the cutting tool during machining, a method of reducing the contact area by providing a relief groove on the side blade of the cutting tool is adopted. In addition, since the grooves divide the series of chips during cutting, the chips can be effectively removed to the outside of the processing portion even at a low water pressure of the cutting fluid.

FIGS. 13A and 13B are views showing the shape of the cutting tool 62 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 13A is a front view of the cutting tool 62, and FIG. 13B is a side view of the cutting tool 62 as viewed from the right side. ing. The overall shape of the cutting tool 62 is substantially the same as that of the cutting tool 2 shown in the first embodiment. However, in the present embodiment, a relief groove 66 formed by grinding on the side blade 64 is formed. The relief groove 66 is formed stepwise on the front and rear blades in the processing direction. This is for the purpose of slightly shifting the processing position between forward and backward in the reciprocating cutting, and has an effect of preventing the deterioration of the processing surface roughness which is predicted to be caused by the provision of the relief groove 66.

When the deep groove is cut by the cutting tool 62 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG.
2 is smaller than the cutting chips 60 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. As a result, the cutting chips are efficiently discharged to the outside of the processing section by the flow of the cutting fluid.

FIG. 15 is a diagram comparing the cutting resistance of the cutting tool 2 of the first embodiment with the cutting resistance of the grooved cutting tool 62 of the present embodiment. A curve 70 indicates the cutting force according to the first embodiment, and a curve 72 indicates the cutting force according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 15, it can be seen that the cutting resistance can be effectively reduced in the present embodiment when cutting deeply.

FIG. 16 shows a comparison of the tool life between the first embodiment and the second embodiment when a groove is actually machined. Here, the work material is NAK55 and the processing depth is 1
0 mm. The tool life of the second embodiment is also about 50% longer than that of the first embodiment.

(Third Embodiment) In the machining methods of the first and second embodiments, as shown by reference numeral 80 in FIG. 17, the machining groove penetrates the work W in principle. To 8
As shown in FIG. 2, a dead-end groove cannot be machined because cutting chips clog the groove and damage the tool.
However, in actual machining needs, not only the machining groove penetrating the work but also many dead-end groove machining that stops halfway exists.

In the first and second embodiments, it is considered that the reason why the dead-end narrow groove cannot be machined is because there is no function of removing chips, and in this embodiment, the rake angle is set at the tip of the cutting tool 84. A soaking tip pocket was provided. When processing by a method of shaving while cutting the cutting chips out of the groove with a cutting tool having a rake angle at the tip end as in this embodiment,
Even with the method of the present invention, it is possible to process a narrow groove having a dead end shape.

FIGS. 18A and 18B are views showing the shape of the cutting tool of the present embodiment. FIG. 18A is a front view of the cutting tool, FIG. 18B is a plan view of the cutting tool viewed from below, and FIG. FIG. 3A shows a side view as viewed from the right side.

The rake angle 8 is provided in front of the tip of the cutting tool 84.
6 is formed, and a relief angle 88 is formed at the tip. Further, the side blade 90 is provided with a gradient 94 in the up-down direction and a gradient 92 in the width direction.
The notch 96 is provided in the holder 2 shown in the first embodiment.
A portion where a fixing bolt is applied to fix the cutting tool 84 to 8 prevents scratches and dents on the cylindrical portion of the cutting tool 84.

FIG. 1 shows the structure of the cutting tool 84 constructed as described above.
In the case of machining the narrow groove 89 having a dead end shape shown in FIG. 9, machining is performed along a tool path indicated by an arrow 98.

FIG. 20 is a model diagram when the cutting tool 84 of the present embodiment is used to machine a dead-end narrow groove.
The cutting tool 84 moves in the order of (a)-(b)-(c)-(d).
Cut in little by little along the locus shown by 02. By repeating this movement, a narrow groove having a dead end is machined.

In FIG. 20, reference numeral 104 denotes cutting chips.
Cutting tool 8 because it is greatly curled at rake angle 86
Even if 4 comes to the position of (b), the chips are not clogged. Next, the cutting tool 84 scrapes the chips 104 along the slope 106 as shown in FIG. As a result, it is possible to process a narrow groove having a dead end shape.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a comparison between the processing method according to the present embodiment and the processing method using an end mill in the case where a narrow groove having a dead end shape as shown in FIG. 19 is processed. Here, the work material is NAK55, the groove depth is 10 mm, and the taper of the cutting tool and the end mill is 1 °.

According to FIG. 21, the use of the cutting tool and the machining method according to the present embodiment reduces the machining time by about 1/7 compared with the machining by the end mill, and improves the surface roughness accuracy by about 5 times. did.

This is considered to contribute to broadening the applicable range of the narrow and deep groove processing by the machining center and increasing the productivity of the cutting processing.

(Fourth Embodiment) In the first to third embodiments, the holder of the cutting tool is mechanically fixed to the machining center main body to fix the rotation of the cutting tool. In the fourth embodiment, the control device controls the spindle so as not to rotate, and fixes the cutting tool so that it cannot rotate.

Before describing the fourth embodiment, the automatic operation of the machining center will be described.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a flow of general automatic operation of a machining center.

As shown in FIG. 22, a command is issued from the host computer for each operation, the control device uses the command as an operation signal to operate the machine, and the result of the operation is returned to the host computer via the control device. Has become.

FIG. 23 is a block diagram of a control device of the machining center. In this embodiment, the rotation command signal coming from the spindle control unit to the spindle servo unit is regulated by a sequence circuit so that no signal is output to the spindle motor of the machining center.

FIG. 24 is a flow chart of the operation of the part which actually regulates the rotation of the spindle in this embodiment.
ATC is an abbreviation of automatic tool change, which means an operation of automatic tool change. Since this automatic tool change operation is performed by a sequence program (numerical control program), a function code is inserted into a portion 110 in FIG. 24 to enable the cutting tool holding mechanism. That is, the spindle motor is controlled so as not to rotate, and the cutting is performed by the straight traveling of the cutting tool as described in the first to third embodiments. At 112, a cancel code is inserted to invalidate the cutting tool holding mechanism (control the spindle motor to be rotatable), and return to the normal rotation cutting mode. Since the spindle does not rotate during the straight cutting mode, the spindle or the tool holder is not damaged.

This embodiment is effective not only for a fully automatic machining center but also for a numerically controlled milling machine. In the case of a machine without the automatic tool change function, there is no rotational movement such as orientation, and usually only the rotation command needs to be restricted. In other words, by inserting a function code at the beginning of the straight cutting program and a cancel code at the end, the spindle rotation can be restricted during the straight cutting.

In this embodiment, a function for ignoring the rotation command is added to the sequence circuit of the control device of the machining center, and a function code is set on the numerical control program so as to enable and disable this function. During the period from when the is mounted to when it is removed, all the rotational movements of the spindle can be regulated on the numerical control program. While the mechanism of this embodiment is effective,
The spindle ignores the rotation command, the orientation command, and the command for maintaining the correction.

The present invention can be applied to a modification or a modification of the above embodiment without departing from the gist of the invention.

[0097]

As described above, according to the present invention, a thin plate-shaped cutting tool is moved linearly to perform cutting, which cannot be performed by conventional end milling.
Fine grooves with a large depth can be processed with high efficiency and high precision.

In addition, since the rotation motion, the rotation phase matching operation and the maintenance correction operation by the rotation command can all be restricted in the section set by the function code of the numerical control program, the holder of the cutting tool and the spindle portion of the machining center can be controlled. Can be prevented from being damaged by the unexpected rotation operation, and the deep groove processing can be performed safely.

Further, in the case of a numerically controlled milling machine or the like, the operator may be near the machine, and by controlling the rotation of the spindle, there is a great effect in terms of ensuring the safety of the operator.

[0100]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a shape of a cutting tool used for cutting in a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a state in which a cutting tool is mounted on a holder.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a fixed state of a cutting tool to a holder.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a structure of a lock portion of the holder.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state where a groove is machined by a cutting tool.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an object to be processed.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a cutting method viewed from the side.

FIG. 8 is a diagram comparing a processing speed and a processing limit depth with a conventional method.

FIG. 9 is a diagram comparing a processing time and a roughness of a processed surface with a conventional method.

FIG. 10 is a diagram comparing machining surface accuracy and tool life with a conventional method.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a gradient of a side blade of a cutting tool.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a state of chips when cutting is performed according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a view showing a cutting tool according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a state of chips when cutting is performed according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a diagram comparing cutting forces in the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a diagram comparing tool life between the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a dead-end groove.

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a shape of a cutting tool according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a movement locus of a cutting tool according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a movement locus of a cutting tool according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a diagram comparing processing in the third embodiment with processing by a conventional end mill.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a flow of automatic operation of the machining center.

FIG. 23 is a block diagram illustrating a control system of a machining center according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing the operation of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 25 is a view showing the shape of a conventional end mill.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a state of groove processing by an end mill.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 2 cutting tool 4 shank part 6 blade part 8 side blade 10 R-shaped part 12 rigid width 14 side blade relief angle 16 bottom blade relief angle 20 holder 21 body part 22 machine spindle 23 machining center body 24 taper part 26 lock part 28 tool holding part 32 Lock Block 34 Lock Pin 36 Spring 38 Lock Key 40 Clamp Bolt 42,44 Fine Groove 46 Vice 48 Processing Depth 50 Nozzle 60,68 Cutting Chip 62 Cutting Tool 64 Side Blade 66 Nake Groove 80,82 Fine Groove 84 Cutting Tool 86 Rake angle 88 Edge angle 90 Side edge 92,94 Gradient 96 Notch 200 End mill 204 Groove

Claims (27)

[Claims] 1. A method for machining a narrow groove, wherein a thin and deep groove is cut by linearly reciprocating a cutting blade formed in a thin plate shape. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cutting blade is attached to a machining center and reciprocated. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the machining center automatically controls the cutting amount of the cutting blade and controls the reciprocating motion. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the cutting blade is non-rotatably attached to the machining center using a holder that regulates a rotational movement of a spindle of the machining center. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the holder includes a safety mechanism for preventing the machining center and the holder from being damaged when the spindle is rotated. 6. The cutting blade according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge has the same thickness as the width of the machining groove, and is formed of a thin plate-shaped ultrafine-grain cemented carbide having a predetermined width in the reciprocating direction. Item 7. The method for processing a narrow groove according to Item 1. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the machining groove is machined to a depth of about 20 times the width of the machining groove. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein a narrow groove having a groove bottom width of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm and a single-side groove side gradient of 0 ° to 2 ° is formed. 9. A method of processing a narrow groove having a dead end portion which does not penetrate a workpiece, wherein: a linearly moving step in which a thin-plate-shaped cutting blade linearly enters the workpiece; A relief step of moving the cutting blade obliquely upward at the portion. 10. The cutting blade has a rake angle at a tip,
The method according to claim 9, wherein in the escaping step, chips are discharged from the dead end to the outside of the workpiece. 11. A cutting edge for processing a narrow groove, comprising: a cylindrical base portion; and a blade portion obtained by grinding a tip of the base portion into a thin plate by grinding. 12. The cutting edge according to claim 11, wherein the cutting edge is formed of an ultra-fine-grain cemented carbide. 13. The cutting edge for processing a narrow groove according to claim 11, wherein an edge angle is provided at a tip of the blade portion. 14. The blade portion has a thickness equal to a width of a machining groove and is formed in a thin plate shape having a predetermined width in a traveling direction, and a continuous portion between the base portion and the blade portion has an R shape. The cutting edge for processing a narrow groove according to claim 11, wherein the cutting blade is tied. 15. The notch according to claim 11, wherein the base has a notch for abutting a tip of a fixing bolt for fixing the cutting blade to a holder holding the cutting blade. The cutting edge for fine groove processing as described. 16. The cutting blade according to claim 11, wherein the blade portion is formed in a tapered shape from a root portion to a tip portion. 17. The cutting blade according to claim 11, wherein the blade portion is formed in a symmetrical shape in the front-back direction of the blade, and is capable of reciprocal cutting. 18. A cutting blade for narrow groove processing, wherein grooves are formed on both side surfaces of the blade portion to reduce cutting resistance and promote chip breaking. 19. The cutting blade according to claim 18, wherein the groove is formed stepwise on both left and right sides of the blade portion. 20. A processing device for performing a cutting process by rotating a spindle on which a cutter having a cylindrical outer shape is mounted, and advancing the cutter in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis, and a thin plate mounted on the spindle. And a controller for electrically controlling a state in which the spindle is allowed to rotate and a state in which the spindle is prevented from rotating. 21. The thin groove machining according to claim 20, wherein the control device controls a state in which the rotation of the spindle is permitted and a state in which the rotation of the spindle is permitted by a function code instructed by a numerical control program. apparatus. 22. A thin plate-shaped cutting blade attached to the spindle of a processing apparatus for performing a cutting process by rotating a spindle on which a cutter having a cylindrical outer shape is mounted and advancing the cutter in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. A cutting blade holding device for holding the main body, the main body mounted on the spindle, fixing means for fixing the thin plate-shaped cutting blade to the main body, the main body rotates together with the spindle And a lock means for preventing the cutting blade from performing the cutting operation. 23. The lock mechanism, wherein the lock mechanism is provided in a tapered groove provided in the processing device, and in the body.
23. The cutting blade holding device according to claim 22, further comprising a tapered fitting pin that fits in the groove and tangentially. 24. The cutting blade holding device according to claim 23, further comprising an elastic member for urging the fitting pin against the groove. 25. The fixing device according to claim 25, wherein the fixing means includes a hole formed in a base of the cutting blade for inserting a cylindrical portion, and a bolt for pressing the cylindrical portion against a side wall of the hole. The cutting blade holding device according to claim 22, wherein 26. A molding die having a groove processed by the method for processing a fine groove according to claim 1. 27. A molding die having a groove processed by the method for processing a fine groove according to claim 9.