JPH10327014A - Antenna device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent blocking by a wave source and to switch plural beams by arranging the wave source near the focus of a lens arranged on the input side of a radiation part at the adjacent part of the radiation part for which plural radiation holes are formed on one surface of a parallel planar waveguide and feeding travelling plane waves in the direction of the radiation part. SOLUTION: At a part of the parallel planar waveguide la composed of two parallel conductor plates, the plural radiation holes 2 are formed on one surface of the parallel planar waveguide 1a and the radiation part 6 is attained. Also, the lens 4a formed by a dielectric or the like is arranged on the input side of the radiation part 6 at the part adjacent to the radiation part 6 of the parallel planar waveguide 1a and the wave source 3a is arranged at the position of the focus of the lens 4a or the vicinity. Then, excited electromagnetic waves from the wave source 3a are propagated through the parallel planar waveguide 1a and practically converted to the planar waves 7a by the lens 4a. The waves are propagated in the direction of a travelling direction 8a toward an absorbent 9 through the parallel planar waveguide 1a, successively coupled with the plural radiation holes 2 of the radiation part 6 and radiated as the electromagnetic waves.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power feeding type antenna device for transmitting a radio wave between two parallel flat conductors.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration and operation of an example of a conventional antenna device. This example
F. Rahman, "A SIMPLE COAXI
AL FED PLANAR MICROSTRIP
SLOT ARRAY ", IEEE-S Symp
osium Digest, (1981, pp. 20
7-208).

FIG. 11A is a diagram showing a planar structure of the antenna device, and FIG. 11B is a diagram for explaining its operation. In the figure, 1a is a parallel plate waveguide composed of two parallel conductor plates, 2 is a plurality of radiation holes formed on one surface of the parallel plate waveguide 1a, and 3a is placed inside the parallel plate waveguide 1a. 5h, a feed section including the wave source 3a, 6 a radiating section including the plurality of radiation holes 2, 7a a plane wave formed by the feed section 5h, 8 a traveling direction of the plane wave 7a, and 9 an absorption. Body, 18 is a parabolic reflecting wall in the power supply unit 5h, and 20 is the wave source 3a.
It is a cylindrical wave excited more.

Next, the operation will be described. The cylindrical wave 23 excited by the wave source 3a propagates through the parallel plate waveguide 1a, is converted into a plane wave 7a by the parabolic reflecting wall 18, and is supplied to the radiating section 6 from the feeding section 5h. The plane wave 7a supplied to the radiating portion 6 propagates in the traveling direction 8, and the incident power is coupled to the plurality of radiating holes 2 provided in the radiating portion 6 and is radiated as electromagnetic waves from each of the radiating holes 2. . here,
Residual power remaining without being radiated from all the radiation holes 2 is wasted by the absorber 9 provided as an anti-reflection terminal provided in the parallel plate waveguide 1a. That is, this antenna device operates as an antenna by providing the feeder 5h that supplies the plane wave 7a at a position coplanar with the radiator 6.

Next, FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another conventional antenna device. This example is described in S.A. A. Zerubows
Ki, “Low Cost Antenna Alt”
ernaives for Automobile
Radars ”, MICROWAVE JOURNA
L, (July 1994, pp. 54-63).

FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the antenna device, and FIG. 11B is a plan view for explaining the structure. In the drawing, reference numerals 1a and 1b denote parallel plate waveguides composed of two parallel conductor plates, and 3b to 3b.
d is a wave source placed inside the parallel plate waveguide 1b, 1
0 is a quasi-plane wave which can be regarded as the above-mentioned plane wave, 17 is an electromagnetic wave excited by the wave sources 3b to 3d, and 19 is a parabolic bent portion composed of the parallel plate waveguides 1a and 1b and the parabolic reflective wall 18. is there. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 11 indicate the same or corresponding parts.

The antenna device shown in FIG. 12 further comprises another parallel plate waveguide 1b so as to have a two-layer structure on the back surface of the radiation part 6 shown in FIG. The two-layer parallel plate waveguides 1a and 1b are connected by a parabolic bent portion 19 having a parabolic reflective wall 18, and are further connected to the focal point of the parabolic bent portion 19 and the vicinity thereof. This is an antenna device having a configuration in which wave sources 3b to 3d are arranged. An electromagnetic wave 17 excited by one of the wave sources 3b to 3d propagates through the parallel plate waveguide 1b, and is a quasi-planar wave that can be regarded as a substantially plane wave by the paraboloidal reflecting wall 18 of the parabolic bent portion 19 After being converted to 10, the light propagates through the parallel plate waveguide 1a toward the radiation section 6. Therefore, this antenna device has three wave sources 3b.
~ 3d can be operated as a three-beam antenna by electrically switching,
This is an antenna device which has solved the problem of blocking of the wave source 3a which occurs in the antenna device shown in FIG.

[0008]

Since the conventional antenna device is configured as described above, for example, in the antenna device shown in FIG. 11, the radiation characteristic is degraded due to blocking in which the wave source blocks propagation of the plane wave. There was a point. Further, in the antenna device shown in FIG. 12, a feed portion and a parabolic bent portion formed of a parabolic reflecting wall and a wave source placed at the focal point thereof must be arranged beside the radiating portion. Since a dead space that does not contribute to radiation is created, there is a problem that the antenna must be downsized by eliminating the dead space.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides an antenna device free from blocking by a wave source, capable of switching a plurality of beams, and having a dead space as an antenna. It is intended to obtain a small antenna device without any. It is another object of the present invention to provide a frequency beam scanning antenna device that does not require switching.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided an antenna apparatus comprising: a radiating portion having a plurality of radiating holes formed on one surface of a parallel plate waveguide in a part of a parallel plate waveguide composed of two parallel plates; A lens disposed on the input side of the radiating section at a portion of the parallel plate waveguide adjacent to the radiating section, and a wave source disposed at or near the focal point of the lens, and substantially in the direction of the radiating section. And a feeder for feeding a wave considered as a plane wave to a traveling wave.

Further, the antenna apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the wave sources are arranged so that a wave which is regarded as a substantially plane wave can be fed with traveling waves in different traveling directions. It is. Further, the antenna device according to the present invention is characterized in that the feeder is formed so as to bend in the direction of the back of the radiator at the boundary with the radiator.

The antenna device according to the present invention is characterized in that a Luneberg lens is used as the lens. In addition, the antenna device according to the present invention,
It is characterized by comprising means for electrically switching the wave source or mechanical driving means for driving at least one of the wave sources.

In the antenna device according to the present invention, a plurality of radiation holes are formed on one surface of a first parallel plate waveguide composed of two parallel plates, and radiation holes are formed at the center and both ends thereof. A first lens and a wave source disposed at or near the focal point of the first lens in the second parallel plate waveguide formed on the back surface of the radiating section, and A first feeder for splitting and feeding a wave substantially regarded as a plane wave, a second lens in a third parallel plate waveguide formed on the back surface of the radiator, and a second lens on both sides of the second lens. A wave feeder disposed at the focal point or in the vicinity thereof, and a second feeder that feeds a wave substantially as a plane wave to the radiator from the entrances at both ends of the radiator. It is a feature.

Further, the antenna device according to the present invention has a first parallel plate waveguide composed of two parallel plates, in which a plurality of radiation holes are formed on one surface and entrance holes are formed at the center and both ends thereof. A first lens and a wave source disposed at or near the focal point of the first lens in the second parallel plate waveguide formed on the back surface of the radiating section, and A first feeder for splitting and feeding a wave substantially regarded as a plane wave to a second parallel plate waveguide formed on a back surface of the radiator;
And a wave source disposed at or near the focal point of the second lens and a traveling-wave feeder that feeds a wave substantially viewed as a plane wave to the radiating section from the entrance at one end of the radiating section. 2 and a third lens and a wave source disposed at or near the focal point of the third lens, and a substantially plane wave from the entrance at the other end of the radiating section to the radiating section. And a third power supply unit that supplies a traveling wave with a traveling wave.

The antenna device according to the present invention is characterized in that a frequency variable device is connected to at least one of the wave sources.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts, respectively. Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 and 2 are diagrams for explaining the structure and operation of the antenna device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 1A is a plan view showing an appearance of the antenna device, FIG. 1B is a plan view showing an internal configuration thereof, and FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a radiating portion of the antenna device. In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1a is a parallel plate waveguide formed of two parallel conductor plates, 2 is a plurality of radiation holes formed on one surface of the parallel plate waveguide 1a, and 3a is a parallel hole of the parallel plate waveguide 1a. The wave source 4a placed inside is a lens placed inside the parallel plate waveguide 1a and having a position where the wave source 3a is disposed at a focal point or a position near the focal point.

5a is a feed section including the wave source 3a, 6 is a radiating section including the plurality of radiation holes 2, and 7a is the feed section 5
a is a plane wave formed by a, 8a is a traveling direction of the plane wave 7a, and 9 is an absorber. The lens 4a is arranged on the input side of the radiating section 6 at a portion adjacent to the radiating section 6 of the parallel plate waveguide 1a. The wave source 3a is arranged at the focal point of the lens 4a or in the vicinity thereof. The lens 4a and the wave source 3a supply a traveling wave to a wave substantially regarded as a plane wave in the direction of the radiation section.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 20 denotes the radiating section 6.
Is the radiated power radiated from each of the radiating holes 2, and 22 is the residual power that cannot be radiated from the radiating holes 2 and is wasted in the absorber 9. Θ indicates the beam direction.

Next, the operation will be described. FIG. 1 (b)
As shown in the figure, the electromagnetic wave excited from the wave source 3a propagates through the parallel plate waveguide 1a, and the lens 4 made of a dielectric or the like.
is converted into a plane wave 7a by a. This plane wave 7a is supplied from the feeder 5a to the radiator 6 (incident power 20),
The traveling direction 8a of the parallel plate waveguide 1a toward the absorber 9
In the direction of. At this time, the plane wave 7a is sequentially coupled to the plurality of radiation holes 2 provided in the radiation section 6, and is radiated as electromagnetic waves from each radiation hole 2 (radiation power 21) as shown in FIG. Operates as an array antenna. Therefore, the beam of the antenna is directed in a direction corresponding to the excitation phase determined by the arrangement interval between the adjacent radiation holes 2. Here, the power (residual power 22) remaining without being radiated from all the radiation holes 2 is converted into the parallel plate waveguide 1a.
Absorber 9 provided to operate as a non-reflection terminal
To prevent reflected waves due to residual power from being generated.

That is, according to this antenna device, since the feeder 5a for supplying the plane wave 7a is provided at a position coplanar with the radiator 6, the wave source 3a is a parallel plate waveguide 1a.
There is an effect that an antenna device which does not obstruct the power supply path for propagating the wave and does not block by the wave source 3a can be obtained.

Embodiment 2 FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram for describing an antenna device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Embodiment 2 relates to a case where this antenna device is operated as an electronic control antenna capable of switching beams or a multi-beam antenna having a plurality of beams. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the internal structure of the antenna device according to the present embodiment, in which a flat plate on the surface having a radiation hole is removed.

To explain the structure, as shown in FIG. 3, in the parallel plate waveguide 1a, a wave source 3b is arranged at a position substantially at a focal point of a lens 4a, and two wave sources 3c and 3d are arranged in the vicinity thereof. Things. Other configurations are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.

Next, the operation will be described. When a radio wave is excited from the wave source 3b, it is converted into a plane wave 7a by the lens 4a, propagates through the parallel-plate waveguide la in the direction of travel of the radio wave 8b, and sequentially passes through the radiating holes 2 provided in the radiating section 6 to space. The main beam is formed in a plane defined by the normal direction of the plane on which the radiation holes 2 of the radiation section 6 are arranged and the traveling direction 8b.

On the other hand, when excitation is performed from the wave source 3c or 3d, the light is converted into a quasi-plane wave 10a or 10b by the lens 4a and propagates through the parallel plate waveguide la in the traveling direction 8c or 8d of the radio wave. A radio wave is radiated into the space from each of the radiation holes 2 provided in the. Here, when excited by the wave source 3c, a main beam is formed in a plane consisting of the normal direction of the plane on which the radiation holes 2 of the radiating section 6 are arranged and the traveling direction 8c, and when excited by the wave source 3d, the main beam is emitted. The main beam can be formed in a plane defined by the normal direction of the plane on which the radiation holes 2 of the portion 6 are arranged and the traveling direction 8d.

Therefore, by switching the wave sources 3b to 3d by switches, not shown, it is possible to operate them as beam-switchable electronically controlled antennas. Further, by simultaneously exciting the wave sources 3b to 3d, it is possible to operate as a multi-beam antenna. In any case, an antenna device free from blocking by the wave sources 3b to 3d can be obtained.

In the above description, the number of the wave sources 3 is three. However, as long as the wave front converted by the lens 4a can be regarded as a substantially plane wave, the number of the wave sources 3b to 3d is increased and a plurality of wave sources 3b to 3d are arranged near the focal point. You may. As described above, according to this embodiment, a plurality of wave sources are arranged at or near the focal point of the lens in the power supply unit, and the waves which are considered to be substantially plane waves with respect to the radiating unit have different traveling directions. , And an antenna device free from blocking by a wave source can be obtained.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 4 is a diagram for describing an antenna device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The third embodiment relates to a case where the antenna device has a structure in which there is no blocking by a wave source and a feeding unit is bent to a back surface on which a radiation hole of a radiation unit is not formed. FIG. 4A is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the antenna device according to this embodiment.
(B) is a top view showing the structure of the feed part formed in the back of the radiation part.

To explain the structure, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), in the parallel plate waveguide 1b, a feeder 5a in which a wave source 3a is arranged at a position substantially at a focal point of a lens 4a is formed in the parallel plate waveguide 1a. At the boundary between the radiating portion 6 and the side where the radiation hole 2 is not provided, and the parallel plate waveguides 1a and 1b are bent.
b is connected by a bent portion 11a which is bent. Other configurations are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.

Next, the operation will be described. As shown in FIG. 4B, the electromagnetic wave excited by the wave source 3a is converted into a plane wave 7a by the lens 4a and propagates through the parallel-plate waveguide lb, and as shown in FIG. Are guided to the parallel plate waveguide la by a bent portion 11a having a configuration in which two corners are connected. This plane wave 7a has a traveling direction 8
The radiation propagates in the direction b, is sequentially combined with each radiation hole 2 provided in the radiation part 6 and is radiated to the space, and is composed of a normal direction of a surface on which the radiation holes 2 of the radiation part 6 are arranged and a traveling direction 8b. A main beam is formed in the plane.

Therefore, it is possible to obtain an antenna device which has the feeding unit 5a without blocking by the wave source 3a and which is miniaturized so that the feeding unit 5a does not become a dead base. As described above, according to this embodiment, the parallel plate waveguide is formed to be bent at the boundary between the radiating portion and the feeding portion, so that an antenna device that is reduced in size and free from blocking by a wave source can be obtained.

Embodiment 4 FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram for describing an antenna device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, the antenna device has a configuration in which the feeding unit is bent to the back surface of the radiating unit where the radiating hole is not formed, and is miniaturized. antenna,
Alternatively, the present invention relates to a case of operating as a multi-beam antenna having a plurality of beams. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the internal structure of the antenna device according to this embodiment, and is a diagram showing the structure of the power supply unit. The radiating section is the same as that shown in FIG. 4A of the third embodiment.

The structure will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, a wave source 3b is disposed at a position substantially at a focal point of a lens 4a in a power supply unit 5b, and two wave sources 3c are disposed near the wave source 3b.
And 3d are arranged. Then, as shown in FIG. 4A, the feed portion 5b is connected to the radiation portion 6 and the radiation hole 2b.
Bent portion 11 formed by bending the feeder 5b and the radiator 6 from the parallel plate waveguide 1.
The connection is made by a. Other configurations are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.

Next, the operation will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, when the electromagnetic wave is excited from the wave source 3b, the lens 4
is converted into a plane wave 7a by a. When the electromagnetic wave is excited from the wave source 3c or 3d, it is converted into the quasi-plane wave 10a or 10b by the lens 4a, respectively.
Each of them propagates through the parallel-plate waveguide lb, and as shown in FIG. 4A, is guided to the parallel-plate waveguide la by a bent portion 1la having a configuration in which two wide waveguide corners are connected.

The plane wave 7a and the quasi-plane waves 10a and 10b are sequentially radiated into the space from the radiation holes 2 provided in the radiation section 6. Here, the plane wave 7a and the quasi-plane waves 10a and 10b excited by the respective wave sources 3b, 3c and 3d are:
A main beam can be formed in a plane defined by a normal direction of a plane on which the radiation holes 2 of the radiation section 6 are arranged and a traveling direction of each radio wave.

Therefore, although the wave sources 3b to 3d are not shown in the figure, they can be operated as electronically controllable antennas by switching over by switches. Further, by simultaneously exciting the wave sources 3b to 3d, it is possible to operate as a multi-beam antenna. In any case, an antenna device without blocking by the wave sources 3b to 3d is obtained, and the power supply unit 5b
Can be obtained so that the antenna device can be miniaturized so as not to be a dead base.

In the above description, the number of the wave sources 3 is three. However, the number of the wave sources 3b to 3d is increased and a plurality of wave sources 3b to 3d are arranged near the focal point within a range in which the wave front converted by the lens 4a can be regarded as a substantially plane wave. May be.

Embodiment 5 FIG. 6 is a diagram for describing an antenna device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The fifth embodiment uses a Luneberg lens, has no blocking by a wave source, and has a configuration in which the power supply unit of the antenna device is bent down to the rear surface where the radiation hole of the radiation unit is not formed to be miniaturized, and the beam can be switched. The present invention relates to a case of operating as a simple electronic control antenna or a multi-beam antenna having a plurality of beams. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the internal structure of the antenna device according to the present embodiment, and is a diagram showing the structure of the feeding unit. The radiating section is the same as that shown in FIG. 4A of the third embodiment.

The structure will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, a Luneberg lens 12 is used in the parallel-plate waveguide 1a of the feeding portion 5c, and a plurality of wave sources 3e to 3i are arranged at the focal point of the lens 12. I have. This power supply unit 5c
As shown in FIG. 4 (a), this is bent at the boundary between the radiating section 6 and the side where the radiating hole 2 is not provided, and further, the feed section 5c and the radiating section 6 are bent by bending the parallel plate waveguide 1a. It is configured to be connected by the unit 1la. Other configurations are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.

Next, the operation will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, although not shown, the electromagnetic waves excited from the respective wave sources 3e to 3i are all converted into plane waves having different traveling directions by the Luneberg lens 12, and propagate through the parallel plate waveguide lb. Then, as shown in FIG. 4A, the light is guided to the parallel plate waveguide la by a bent portion 1la having a configuration in which two corners of a wide waveguide are connected.

Although not shown in the drawing, all of these plane waves are sequentially radiated into the space from the radiation holes 2 provided in the radiation section 6. Here, each of the plane waves excited by each of the wave sources 3e to 3i forms a main beam in a plane formed by a normal direction of a plane on which the radiation holes 2 of the radiation section 6 are arranged and a traveling direction of each radio wave. be able to.

Accordingly, by switching the wave sources 3e to 3i by means of switches, not shown, it is possible to operate as an electronically controlled antenna capable of switching beams. Further, by simultaneously exciting the wave sources 3e to 3i, it is possible to operate as a multi-beam antenna. In any case, an antenna device without blocking by the wave sources 3e to 3i is obtained, and the feeding unit 5c is provided.
Can be obtained so that the antenna device can be miniaturized so as not to be a dead base. Furthermore, since the Luneberg lens 12 is used for the power supply unit 5c, each of the wave sources 3e to 3i
The electromagnetic wave excited from the radiating section 6 is a perfect plane wave.
To each of the radiation holes 2, and an effect of obtaining a good radiation pattern without deterioration such as a side lobe level can also be obtained.

In the above description, the number of the wave sources 3 is five, but the number of the wave sources 3e to 3i may be further increased as far as the arrangement is possible.

Embodiment 6 FIG. In Embodiment 2 (FIG. 3), 4 (FIG. 5) or 5 (FIG. 6) described above,
Using a plurality of wave sources 3b to 3d or 3e to 3i,
It has been described that these wave sources are switched by a switch to operate as an electronic control antenna capable of switching beams. On the other hand, in the sixth embodiment, in the second embodiment (FIG. 3), 4 (FIG. 5) or 5 (FIG. 6), a plurality of wave sources are set to one, and this wave source is a mechanical drive device such as a motor. And mechanically move its position. This makes it possible to obtain an antenna device that operates as an electronically controllable antenna capable of beam scanning without using expensive electrically switchable switches. Further, the beam scanning interval can be made shorter, and for example, a beam scanning antenna having more excellent angular resolution can be obtained in an antenna device such as a vehicle-mounted radar. Note that Embodiment 1 (FIG. 1) or 3
In FIG. 4 as well, by mounting those wave sources so that they can be driven mechanically, they can be similarly used as an electronically controllable antenna capable of beam scanning.

Embodiment 7 FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram for describing an antenna device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In the seventh embodiment, the power supply unit and the radiating unit are formed on the back surface of the radiating unit where the radiating holes are not formed, and the surface includes the normal direction of the surface on which the radiating holes of the radiating unit are arranged and the traveling direction of each radio wave. Is an electronic control antenna capable of switching beams in the same plane, or an antenna device configured to operate as a three-beam antenna having three beams. FIG. 7A is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the antenna device according to this embodiment.
FIG. 7B is a plan view of a cross section taken along line AA ′ in FIG. 7A, showing a structure of one power supply unit.

The structure will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, a radiation hole 2 is formed on the surface of the first parallel plate waveguide 1a and has a radiation surface 6 having two radiation surfaces separated by an entrance on the center line. Is formed. A second parallel plate waveguide 1c is formed on one back surface of the radiating section 6, and a first lens 4c and a wave source 31 are provided at a focal position of the lens 4c so that a plane wave is fed from the center of the radiating section 6. Are arranged to constitute the first power supply unit 5d. The center entrance of the radiating section 6 has an aperture center at a position approximately 0.5 λg (λg is a wavelength in a parallel flat tube) from the central axis 13 of the radiating section 6, and receives a plane wave from the first feeding section 5 d. 7e and 7f are configured to supply power in two distributions.

Further, a third parallel-plate waveguide 1b is formed on the entire back surface of the radiating section 6, and the second parallel-plate waveguide 1b is provided at the center so that plane waves 7b and 7c are fed from the entrances at both ends of the radiating section 6, respectively. Of the lens 4b, the wave sources 3j and 3k are respectively disposed at the focal positions on both sides of the lens 4b,
e. The second power supply unit 5e includes the power supply unit 5
e is bent to the back surface of the radiating section 6 where the radiating holes 2 are not formed, and the feeding section 5e and the radiating section 6 are parallel-parallel waveguides 1a,
1b is configured to be connected by bending portions 11b and 11c which are bent.

Next, the operation will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, when a radio wave is excited from the wave source 31 of the first power supply unit, the plane wave 7d formed by the lens 4c is divided into two plane waves 7e and 7f by a wide waveguide two distributor. Is done. After the phases of the plane waves 7e and 7f are aligned so as to be the same, the plane waves 7e and 7f propagate through the parallel plate waveguide la in opposite directions to each other, and the radiations of the radiation portions 6 provided on the left and right of the central axis 13 respectively. The beam direction 1 is combined within the plane in which the normal direction of the plane on which the radiation holes 2 of the radiation section 6 are arranged and the traveling direction of each radio wave are the same, and the beam direction 1
A composite beam is formed at 4a (in the boresight direction).

When the radio waves are excited from the wave sources 3j and 3k of the second power supply unit, the plane waves 7b and 7c formed by the lens 4b respectively propagate through the parallel plate waveguide lb in opposite directions to each other, and the wide wave is transmitted. The waveguides are guided to the parallel plate waveguide la by bending portions 1lb and 1lc having two connected corners of the waveguide. These plane waves 7b and 7c are sequentially coupled to the respective radiation holes 2 provided in the radiation section 6 and are radiated to the space, and within the plane including the beam direction 14a, the beam directions 14b and 1c
A main beam is formed in the direction of 4c.

Therefore, by switching the wave sources 3j to 3l by switches, not shown, it is possible to operate as an electronically controlled antenna capable of switching beams within the same plane including the feeding direction in the parallel plate waveguide 1a. . Further, by simultaneously exciting the wave sources 3j to 3l, an antenna device operating as a three-beam antenna can be obtained. In any case, it is possible to obtain an antenna device that is miniaturized so that the first power supply unit 5d and the second power supply unit 5e do not form a dead band.

As described above, according to this embodiment,
It operates as an electronically controlled antenna that has a feeder that can feed plane waves from all wave sources and can switch the main beam in three directions in the same plane including the boresight direction, or a three-beam antenna that has main beams in the above three directions. In addition, an antenna device that is miniaturized so that the power supply unit does not form a dead band can be obtained. Further, since the main beam is also provided in the boresight direction, for example, there is an effect that the antenna device can be mounted on a vehicle-mounted radar or the like without tilting.

Embodiment 8 FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing an antenna device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. In the eighth embodiment, the power supply unit and the back surface of the radiating unit on which the radiation holes are not formed are formed, and the surface includes the normal direction of the surface on which the radiation holes of the radiation unit are arranged and the traveling direction of each radio wave. The present invention relates to a case in which the antenna device is configured to operate as an electronic control antenna capable of switching beams in the same plane or a three-beam antenna having three beams, and has no blocking by a wave source. FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the antenna device according to this embodiment, and FIG.
3 is a plan view of a cross section taken along line AA ′ in FIG.

The structure will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, a radiation hole 2 is formed on the surface of the first parallel plate waveguide 1a, and the radiation portion 6 has two radiation surfaces separated by an entrance on the center line. Is formed. A second parallel plate waveguide 1c is formed on one back surface of the radiating section 6, and a first lens 4c and a wave source 31 are provided at a focal position of the lens 4c so that a plane wave is fed from the center of the radiating section 6. Are arranged to constitute the first power supply unit 5d. The center entrance of the radiating section 6 has an aperture center at a position approximately 0.5 λg (λg is a wavelength in a parallel flat tube) from the central axis 13 of the radiating section 6, and receives a plane wave from the first feeding section 5 d. 7e and 7f are configured to supply power in two distributions. The above is the same configuration as the first power supply unit 5d of the seventh embodiment.

Further, a third parallel plate waveguide 1b is formed on the entire back surface of the radiating section 6, and two plane waves 7b and 7c are fed from the entrances at both ends of the radiating section 6, respectively. Lenses 4d and 4 having two wave sources 3n and 3o, respectively, and having these wave sources 3n and 3o as focal positions.
and e to form a second power supply unit 5f and a third power supply unit 5g. The second power supply unit 5f and the third power supply unit 5g respectively fold the power supply units 5f and 5g to the back surface of the radiating unit 6 where the radiation holes 2 are not formed.
g and the radiating portion 6 are connected by bending portions 11b and 11c obtained by bending the parallel plate waveguides 1a and 1b.

Next, the operation will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, when the radio waves are excited from the wave sources 3n and 3o of the second and third feeding units, the plane waves 7b and 7c formed by the lenses 4d and 4e respectively form the parallel plate waveguide lb. The light propagates in the opposite directions, and is guided to the parallel plate waveguide la by the bent portions 1lb and 1lc having a configuration in which two wide waveguide corners are connected. These plane waves 7b and 7c are sequentially coupled to the respective radiating holes 2 provided in the radiating section 6 and are radiated to the space. The normal direction of the plane on which the radiating holes 2 of the radiating section 6 are arranged and the traveling direction of each radio wave. The main beam is directed in the directions of the beam directions 14b and 14c in the same plane.

When excitation is performed from the wave source 31 of the first power supply unit 5d, the plane wave 7d formed by the lens 4c is excited.
Are two plane waves 7e and 7
distributed to f. After the phases of these plane waves 7e and 7f are aligned so as to be the same phase, the plane waves 7e and 7f propagate in the parallel plate waveguide la in the opposite direction, and the radiations of the two radiation portions 6 provided on the left and right sides of the central axis 13 respectively. The beam is sequentially coupled to the hole 2 and is emitted to the space, and forms a combined beam in the beam direction 14a (boresight direction) in a plane including the beam directions 14b and 14c.

Therefore, by switching the wave sources 31, 3 n and 3 o by switches, not shown in the drawing, the wave sources 31, 3 n and 3 o can be operated as an electronic control antenna capable of switching beams within the same plane including the feeding direction in the parallel plate waveguide 1 a. Can be. Further, by simultaneously exciting the wave sources 31, 3n, and 3o, it is possible to operate as a three-beam antenna. In each case, the wave sources 31 and 3
An antenna device free from blocking by n and 3o can be obtained. In addition, it is possible to obtain a small antenna device so that the feeding units 5d, 5f, and 5g do not form a dead base.

As described above, according to this embodiment,
An electronically controlled antenna which is free from blocking by a wave source and has a feeding unit capable of feeding plane waves from all the wave sources, and is capable of switching a main beam in three directions within the same plane including a boresight direction, or a main beam in the above three directions. The antenna device operates as a three-beam antenna having the following characteristics, and is further miniaturized so that the power supply unit does not become a dead-end base. Further, since the main beam is also provided in the boresight direction, for example, there is an effect that the antenna device can be mounted on a vehicle-mounted radar or the like without tilting.

Embodiment 9 FIG. FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing an antenna device according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention. The ninth embodiment relates to a case where the antenna device eliminates blocking by a wave source and connects a frequency conversion device to a power supply unit. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an antenna device according to the embodiment. The structure will be described. As shown in FIG. 9, in the power supply unit 5a, the frequency variable device 15 is connected to the wave source 3a arranged at a position substantially at the focal point of the lens 4a, and a transmission / reception signal to be input or output from the outside. Is variable. The configuration of the radiation section 6 of the antenna device according to the ninth embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
The description is omitted because it is the same as that described above.

Next, the operation will be described. As shown in FIG. 9, the main beam direction of this antenna device is two adjacent beams.
The arrangement interval of the individual radiation holes 2 is determined by the excitation phase according to the electrical length in the parallel-parallel waveguide la. Therefore, by changing the frequency of the transmission signal input to the wave source 3a by the frequency variable device 15, the parallel plate waveguide l
The in-tube wavelength λg of a also changes, and the excitation phase of each radiation hole 2 changes. That is, in the antenna device having the feeding unit 5a without blocking by the wave source 3, an effect that the main beam direction can be changed by changing the frequency is obtained.

Next, FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an antenna device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 shows that the frequency variable device 15 is connected to the wave source 3a of the antenna device shown in the first embodiment, while FIG. 10 shows the wave source of the antenna device shown in the third embodiment. Frequency variable device 15 in 3a
Are connected. The operation is the same as in FIG.
Description is omitted. As described above, the configuration in which the frequency variable device is connected to the wave source is different from the antenna device according to the first embodiment (FIG. 1), 3 (FIG. 4), 7 (FIG. 7) or 8 (FIG. 8). ,It is valid. However, it is also possible to use at least one wave source and vary the frequency with respect to the antenna device of the other embodiments.

As described above, according to this embodiment,
Beam switching of the main beam can be performed at smaller beam scanning intervals. For example, a beam scanning antenna having better angular resolution can be obtained in an antenna device such as a vehicle-mounted radar. Further, unlike the case where the wave source is mechanically driven, the main beam can be instantaneously directed in an arbitrary direction, so that there is an effect that complicated beam scanning can be performed.

Next, the deformation of the radiation hole 2 in each of the above embodiments will be described. The radiation hole 2 in the above-described first to eighth embodiments has the electric field direction of the parallel plate waveguide la.
Are arranged in the same direction as the traveling direction 8a or 8b of the radio wave propagating through the antenna. However, the direction of the plane of polarization of the radio wave radiated from the radiating hole 2 may be set to an arbitrary direction by disposing it at an angle to the traveling direction 8a or 8b. In addition, one of the radiation holes 2 is arranged so that its polarization direction is inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the traveling direction 8a or 8b of the radio wave, and approximately λg / from the radiation hole 2 in the traveling direction 8a or 8b of the radio wave. 4 (λg is the guide wavelength of the parallel-parallel waveguide 1a)
A second radiating hole 2 whose polarization direction is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the radiating hole 2 is arranged at a distance, and the two
A pair of circularly polarized radiation hole elements may be formed, and a plurality of the pair of circularly polarized radiation hole elements may be arranged in the traveling direction 8a or 8b of the radio wave.

[0063]

Since the present invention has the above-described structure, the following effects can be obtained. According to the invention of the present application, as an antenna device, a radiating portion provided with a plurality of radiation holes on one surface of the parallel plate waveguide is formed in a part of a parallel plate waveguide formed of two parallel plates, A portion of the parallel plate waveguide adjacent to the radiating portion, including a lens disposed on the input side of the radiating portion and a wave source disposed at or near the focal point of the lens, and substantially in the direction of the radiating portion; Since a feed unit for feeding a wave which is considered to be a plane wave to a traveling wave is formed, an antenna device having a feed unit free from blocking by a wave source can be obtained.

Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, a plurality of wave sources are arranged in the antenna device, so that waves which are regarded as substantially plane waves can be fed with traveling waves in different traveling directions. In addition, the present invention has an effect that an electronic control antenna having a power feeding unit free from blocking by a wave source and capable of switching beams or operating as a multi-beam antenna having a plurality of beams can be obtained.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the parallel plate waveguide of the antenna device is formed to be bent at the boundary between the radiation section and the feed section, so that there is no blocking by a wave source. There is an effect that it is possible to obtain a small-sized antenna device having a power supply unit and so that the power supply unit does not form a dead base.

According to another aspect of the present invention, since a Luneberg lens is used as the lens of the antenna device, there is no blocking by a wave source, and a feeding unit capable of feeding plane waves from all wave sources is provided. The antenna device operates as an electronically controllable antenna capable of switching beams or a multi-beam antenna having a plurality of beams, and further has an effect of obtaining an antenna device which is miniaturized so that the power supply unit does not become a dead-end base.

Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, since the mechanical drive means for driving at least one of the wave sources of the antenna device is provided, the beam scanning interval can be further reduced. In such an antenna device, there is an effect that a beam scanning antenna having more excellent angular resolution can be obtained. In addition, there is no need to use expensive switches that can be electrically switched, so that a low-cost beam scanning antenna can be obtained.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in the antenna device, a plurality of radiation holes are formed on one surface of a first parallel plate waveguide composed of two parallel plates, and the center and both ends thereof are formed at one end thereof. A radiating portion having an entrance, and a first feeding portion formed on the back surface of the radiating portion and splitting and feeding a wave substantially regarded as a plane wave from the entrance to the radiating portion;
A second feed portion formed on the back surface of the radiating portion and feeding a wave that is substantially regarded as a plane wave to the radiating portion from the entrances at both ends of the radiating portion as a traveling wave, and preferably the second feeding portion. A configuration is adopted in which a plane wave is distributed and fed from a portion approximately 0.5 λg (λg is a wavelength in a parallel flat tube) from the center of the radiating portion. Therefore, a feed portion capable of feeding a plane wave from all wave sources is provided, and a boresight direction is provided. The antenna operates as an electronic control antenna capable of switching the main beam in three directions in the same plane or a three-beam antenna having the main beam in the three directions, and the power supply unit is miniaturized so as not to be a dead base. This has the effect of obtaining an antenna device. Further, since the main beam is also provided in the boresight direction, for example, the antenna device can be mounted on a vehicle-mounted radar or the like without tilting.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in the antenna device, a plurality of radiation holes are formed on one surface of a first parallel plate waveguide composed of two parallel plates, and the radiation holes are formed at the center and both ends thereof. A radiating portion having an entrance, and a first feeding portion formed on the back surface of the radiating portion and splitting and feeding a wave substantially regarded as a plane wave from the entrance to the radiating portion;
A second feeder formed on the back surface of the radiator and feeding a wave substantially as a plane wave to the radiator from an entrance at one end of the radiator, as a traveling wave; and the other end of the radiator. And a third feeder for feeding a traveling wave to the radiating portion from the entrance of the portion to the radiating portion substantially as a plane wave. (Wavelength), a plane wave is distributed and fed from two parts, so there is no blocking by the wave source, and there is a feeder that can feed the plane wave from all the wave sources, and in three directions in the same plane including the boresight direction. An antenna that operates as an electronically controlled antenna that can switch the main beam or a three-beam antenna that has main beams in the above three directions, and that has a miniaturized antenna so that the above-mentioned feeding unit does not become a dead base. This has the effect of obtaining a tenor device.
Further, since the main beam is also provided in the boresight direction, for example, the antenna device can be mounted on a vehicle-mounted radar or the like without tilting.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in the antenna device, since the frequency variable device is connected to the wave source arranged at the position of the focal point of the lens, the main beam can be scanned at a finer beam scanning interval. The beam can be switched, and for example, there is an effect that a beam scanning antenna having more excellent angular resolution can be obtained in an antenna device such as an in-vehicle radar. Further, unlike the case where the wave source is mechanically driven, the main beam can be instantaneously directed in an arbitrary direction, so that there is an effect that complicated beam scanning can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory diagram of an antenna device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration explanatory diagram of the antenna device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of an antenna device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of an antenna device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of an antenna device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration explanatory diagram of an antenna device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of an antenna device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an antenna device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of an antenna device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an antenna device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a conventional antenna device.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of another conventional antenna device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a-1c parallel plate waveguide, 2 radiation hole, 3a-
3o wave source, 4a-4e lens, 5a-5h feeding unit, 6 radiating unit, 7a-7d plane wave, 8a-8
d traveling direction, 9 absorber, 10a, 10b quasi-plane wave, 11a to 11c bent portion, 12 Luneberg lens, 13 central axis, 14a to 14d beam direction, 15 frequency variable device, 16 transmission / reception signal, 17 electromagnetic wave, 18 parabolic Reflective wall on surface, 19
Parabolic bend, 20 incident power, 21 radiation power, 22 residual power, 23 cylindrical wave.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A radiating portion having a plurality of radiation holes formed on one surface of the parallel plate waveguide in a part of a parallel plate waveguide composed of two parallel plates, and a radiating portion of the parallel plate waveguide. A power supply that includes a lens disposed on the input side of the radiating section at an adjacent portion and a wave source disposed at or near the focal point of the lens, and that supplies a traveling wave with a wave substantially regarded as a plane wave in the direction of the radiating section; And an antenna device. 2. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said wave sources are arranged so that waves substantially regarded as plane waves can be fed with traveling waves in different traveling directions. . 3. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the feed portion is formed so as to bend at a boundary with the radiating portion in a rear direction of the radiating portion. 4. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein a Luneberg lens is used as the lens. 5. The antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising mechanical driving means for driving at least one of the wave sources. 6. A radiating portion having a plurality of radiating holes formed on one surface of a first parallel plate waveguide composed of two parallel plates and having entrances formed at the center and both ends thereof, and The second parallel plate waveguide formed on the back surface includes a first lens and a wave source disposed at or near the focal point of the first lens, and is regarded as a substantially plane wave from the entrance to the radiation section. A first feeding unit for splitting and feeding a wave, a second lens in a third parallel plate waveguide formed on the back surface of the radiating unit, and a second lens disposed at a focal point on each side of the second lens or in the vicinity thereof And a second feed unit that feeds a traveling wave to the radiating unit from the entrance ports at both ends of the radiating unit to feed a wave substantially as a plane wave to the radiating unit. 7. A radiating portion having a plurality of radiating holes formed on one surface of a first parallel plate waveguide composed of two parallel plates and having entrances formed at the center and both ends thereof; The second parallel plate waveguide formed on the back surface includes a first lens and a wave source disposed at or near the focal point of the first lens, and is regarded as a substantially plane wave from the entrance to the radiation section. A first feeding unit that splits and feeds the wave into two parts, and a third parallel plate waveguide formed on the back surface of the radiation unit, the second lens and the focal point of the second lens or the vicinity thereof. A second power supply unit including a wave source and a traveling wave for supplying a wave substantially as a plane wave to the radiation unit from the entrance at one end of the radiation unit, and a third lens and a third lens. Including a wave source located at or near the focal point Antenna apparatus characterized by the entrance of the other end of the serial radiating portion and a third power supply unit for a traveling wave feed waves seen substantially plane wave in the radiation section. 8. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein a frequency variable device is connected to at least one of said wave sources.