JPH10309933A - Heater device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform an efficient heating by providing a heating element for heating a cooling water passing a water passage in this water passage on the upstream side of cooling water flow of a heat storage tank. SOLUTION: The cooling water flowing out from an engine 3a is carried into a heat storage tank 9 to push the cooling water in the heat storage tank 9 toward a heater core 16, and also directly carried into the heater core 16, bypassing the heat storage tank 9. Since a heater 14 is arranged on an inflow circuit 10b on the upstream side of cooling water flow of the heat storage tank 9, the high-temperature cooling water can be supplied to the heat storage tank 9. Namely, the high-temperature cooling water can be stored in the heat storage tank 9, the high-temperature cooling water can be supplied to the heater core 16. Accordingly, the heating in the cabin can be efficiently performed while suppressing the increase in energy (power) consumed by the heater 14.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating device for a vehicle having a heat storage tank for keeping cooling water of an internal combustion engine (engine) warm, and is effective when applied to an HV vehicle described later.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a so-called hybrid vehicle that runs in combination with an engine and an electric motor, the engine is stopped when the vehicle is stopped, or the engine is used only for power generation, and the vehicle is driven by an electric motor. Research is being conducted into the development of vehicles that reduce the consumption of fossil fuels such as oil and gasoline and reduce emissions.

[0003] By the way, in the above-mentioned special vehicles (hereinafter, these vehicles are referred to as HV vehicles), the total heat generation of the engine is smaller than that of a general vehicle. For this reason, in a heating device using only exhaust heat (heat energy not converted into mechanical work) released into cooling water or the like, as in a general vehicle, the heating capacity is insufficient, and the interior of the vehicle interior is sufficiently insufficient. Heating cannot be performed.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present inventors,
In order to compensate for the lack of heating capacity, a heating element such as an electric heater as an auxiliary heating heat source and a heat storage tank for keeping and storing cooling water will be provided, and a means for efficiently heating the vehicle interior using these devices will be developed. For this purpose, various vehicle heating devices were prototyped and studied.

[0005] In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle heating device having a heat storage tank, which efficiently heats the vehicle.

[0006]

The present invention has been made based on the following studies in order to achieve the above object. That is, when the cooling water supplied to the heater core is heated by a heating element such as an electric heater, the amount of heat given to the cooling water from the heating element greatly affects the temperature difference between the heating element and the cooling water and the flow rate of the cooling water. Is done.

Therefore, when raising the temperature of the cooling water to a temperature sufficient for heating, the calorific value of the heating element decreases as the temperature of the cooling water before heating by the heating element decreases and as the flow rate of the cooling water increases. Need to increase. For this reason,
The lower the cooling water temperature and the higher the flow velocity, the greater the energy consumed by the heating element, which in turn increases the fossil fuel such as gasoline and the exhaust gas.

Therefore, for example, if the flow rate of the cooling water is reduced, it is possible to increase the temperature of the cooling water while reducing the amount of heat generated by the heating element. Therefore, when it is necessary to rapidly increase the temperature in the vehicle interior, such as at the time of a cold start, it is not possible to secure a necessary amount of heat in the heater core.

[0009] Therefore, in order to suppress the increase in energy consumed by the heating element and perform heating efficiently, the cooling water is stored in the heat storage tank at a temperature as high as possible, and this high-temperature cooling water is supplied to the heater core. It is desirable. Therefore, in the inventions according to claims 1 to 3, based on the above examination, the water channel (10) on the upstream side of the cooling water flow of the heat storage tank (9).
b) is provided with a heating element (14) for heating the cooling water flowing through the water channel (10b).

Thus, high-temperature cooling water can be supplied to the heat storage tank (9), so that high-temperature cooling water can be stored in the heat storage tank (9). Accordingly, high-temperature cooling water can be supplied to the heater core (16), so that an increase in energy consumed by the heating element (14) can be suppressed and heating can be performed efficiently. Incidentally, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-2916 discloses a vehicle heating device including an electric heater and a heat storage tank. However, the invention described in the above-mentioned publication originally has a sufficiently large total calorific value of the engine. The present invention is directed to an insufficiency of heating capacity in a specific state, such as a cold start, in a general vehicle.

Further, in the invention described in the above publication, the electric heater is disposed downstream of the heat storage tank, so that the temperature of the cooling water before being heated by the electric heater is controlled by the vehicle heater according to the present invention. It is lower than the device. Therefore, there is a high possibility that the heating capacity is insufficient or the power consumption of the electric heater is increased. Further, since the cooling water heated by the electric heater flows into the heat storage tank via the heater core, the engine, and the like, in a vehicle such as an HV vehicle in which the amount of exhaust heat given to the cooling water is small, the cooling water when flowing into the heat storage tank is used. The cooling water temperature is lower than the vehicle heating device according to the present invention. For this reason, since high-temperature cooling water cannot be stored in the heat storage tank, high-temperature cooling water cannot be stored in the heat storage tank.

Therefore, it is difficult to apply the invention described in the above publication to an HV vehicle having a small total calorific value of the engine. On the other hand, as described above, the present invention can be applied to an HV vehicle having a small total calorific value of the engine, and therefore can be easily applied to a general vehicle having a large total calorific value of the engine. can do.

Further, since the cooling water kept warm and stored in the heat storage tank (9) is used for heating, the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the heater core (16) is stable. Can be suppressed. In addition, the heating element (14) is provided with the waterway (10b) and the bypass waterway (1) among the waterways (10b).
It is desirable to dispose it on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling water from the branching point with 0a).

Further, the amount of water guided to the heat storage tank (9) is approximately 5 times the amount of water flowing through the bypass waterway (10a).
Heat storage tank (9)
This is desirable in that the cooling water guided to the heater is efficiently heated. According to the invention described in claim 4, in the heat storage tank (9) applied to the vehicle heating device that heats the vehicle interior by using the cooling water of the internal combustion engine (3a) as a heat source, the heat storage tank (9) is disposed in the tank portion (91). An electric power for heating the cooling water flowing through the introduction water passage (95) to a plug portion (94) constituting an introduction water passage (95) for guiding the cooling water discharged from the internal combustion engine (3a) into the tank portion (91). A heater (14) is provided.

Thus, since the electric heater (14) is integrally provided in the heat storage tank (9), the mountability of the vehicle heating device on the vehicle can be improved. In addition, the code | symbol in the parenthesis of each said means shows the correspondence with the concrete means of embodiment mentioned later.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(First Embodiment) In this embodiment, a vehicle heating device according to the present invention is applied to an HV vehicle. FIG. 1 shows a cooling circuit 1 for a water-cooled internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as an engine).
(A circuit surrounded by a two-dot chain line) and a hot water circuit 2 of the vehicle heating device (a circuit surrounded by a one-dot chain line).

Reference numeral 3a denotes an engine, and 4 denotes a water pump (hereinafter, referred to as a mechanical pump) for circulating cooling water by obtaining a driving force from the engine 3. Part of the cooling water that has taken the heat of the engine 3a flows into the cooling circuit 1 of the engine 3a, and the other cooling water flows into the cooling water circuit 2 of the vehicle heating device. Reference numeral 3b denotes an electric motor, and in the HV vehicle according to the present embodiment, the operation state of the electric motor 3b and the operation state of the engine 3a are appropriately switched and operated by a control device (not shown).

Reference numeral 5 denotes a radiator serving as a cooling means for cooling water of the engine 3a in the cooling circuit 1 of the engine 3a. The cooling circuit 1 is provided with a bypass circuit 7 that bypasses a cooling water circuit 6 flowing through the radiator 5, and switching between these two cooling water circuits is controlled by a thermostat 8. Incidentally, both cooling water circuits 6,
7 is normally controlled to flow to the radiator 5 when the cooling water temperature is 80 ° C. or higher.
If the temperature is not more than ° C., it is controlled to flow to the bypass circuit 7.

On the other hand, a cooling water circuit 2 for a vehicle heating device
1, a heat storage tank 9 for keeping the cooling water warm and a bypass circuit (a bypass water passage) 10a that bypasses the heat storage tank 9 are provided downstream of the cooling water of the engine 3a. A thermostat type is provided at a branch between an inflow circuit 10b (water channel) connecting the discharge side of the engine 3a and the inflow side of the heat storage tank 9 and a bypass circuit 10a to control the amount of water flowing through both circuits 10a and 10b. Is provided. 10c is the heat storage tank 9
Outflow circuit from which cooling water flows out.

Further, on the upstream side of the cooling water of the flow control valve 11, electric power is obtained from a battery (not shown) and a cooling water circuit 2 is provided.
An electric water pump (hereinafter, abbreviated as an electric pump) 12 for circulating cooling water is provided, and the operation of the electric pump 12 is controlled by an electronic control unit (hereinafter, referred to as an ECU) 13. I have. Incidentally, the bypass circuit 12a which bypasses the electric pump 12 and connects the suction side and the discharge side of the electric pump 12 prevents the cooling water from flowing from the discharge side of the electric pump 12 to the suction side in the bypass circuit 12a. A check valve 12b is provided.

On the other hand, the flow control valve 1 in the inflow circuit 10b
An electric heater (hereinafter, abbreviated as a heater) 14 that obtains electric power from a battery and heats the cooling water flowing through the inflow circuit 10b is disposed downstream of the cooling water 1. It is controlled by the ECU 13 based on the detection value of the sensor (temperature detecting means) 15. The water temperature sensor 15 is disposed downstream of the heat storage tank 9 and detects the temperature of the cooling water flowing through the outflow circuit 10b.

Incidentally, the ECU 13 is provided with a central processing unit (C
PU), a known read / write storage device (RAM), a read / write storage device (ROM), a signal input / output means, and the like.
The operation of the heater 14 and the electric pump 12 is controlled according to a program stored in advance in M. Specifically, EC
U13 determines whether or not the heating operation is being performed based on the operation state of the blower 17 described later or the like.
When a stops, the electric pump 12 is operated.

Further, when an ignition switch (not shown) is turned on (turned on) and the HV vehicle is in a running state, the temperature of the cooling water is set to a predetermined temperature (this embodiment) by the detection value of the water temperature sensor 15. When the temperature is determined to be 50 ° C. or less, the heater 14 is energized to heat the cooling water flowing through the inflow circuit 10b. By the way, a heater core 16 serving as a heating means in the vehicle compartment is provided downstream of the cooling water of the heat storage tank 9, and the hot air heated by the heater core 16 is supplied to the blower 1 through a duct (not shown).
7, the air is blown into the vehicle interior. Also, the heater core 16
An electromagnetic valve 19 that opens and closes a cooling water circuit 18 that flows into the heater core 16 is provided on the cooling water inflow side. The electromagnetic valve 19 is controlled so as to close the cooling water circuit 18 in order to suppress the radiant heat from the heater core 16 when the heating is not used in summer or the like.

A bypass circuit 20 that bypasses the cooling water circuit 18 is provided upstream of the cooling water from the solenoid valve 19. The downstream of the cooling water circuit 18 and the bypass circuit 20 is connected to the mechanical pump 4 to form the cooling water circuit 2 of the vehicle heating device. Next, the flow control valve 11
Is described.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the flow control valve 11, and FIG.
Reference numeral 10 denotes a resin valve housing. Reference numeral 111 denotes an inflow port connected to the discharge side of the electric pump 12;
Reference numeral 12 denotes a first outlet connected to the inflow side (inflow circuit 10b) of the heat storage tank 9, and reference numeral 113 denotes a second outlet connected to the downstream side (bypass circuit 10a) of the heat storage tank 9.

Reference numeral 114 denotes a well-known thermostat (temperature-sensitive valve element) for controlling the communication state of the first water channel 115 from the inflow port 111 to the first outflow port 112. Is filled with a wax having a predetermined melting point (about 40 ° C. in the present embodiment). Further, a shaft 114b that expands and contracts with respect to the temperature sensing unit 114a in accordance with a change in the volume of the wax is provided in the temperature sensing unit 114a.

The temperature sensing section 114a is connected to the first water passage 115
, And also serves as a first valve body for controlling the communication state (opening degree of the opening 114 c), and the temperature sensing part 114 a (first valve body)
The predetermined flow rate is set to flow through the first water channel 115 even when the temperature of the cooling water is low and the shaft 114b is in the most contracted state. That is, the opening 114c is not completely closed, and the first water channel 115 (the opening 1
14c) has a structure that always communicates.

Incidentally, 114d is a temperature sensing part (first valve body).
A coil spring that presses 114a in a direction to close the first water channel 115 (opening 114c). Also, 116
Is a second valve body that opens and closes a second water channel 117 from the inflow port 111 to the second outflow port 113.
Is the displacement of the temperature sensing portion 114a (the expansion and contraction of the shaft 114b)
It operates in conjunction with.

Incidentally, a coil spring 118 presses the second valve body 16 in a direction to close the second water passage 117 (opening 119). Next, the operation of the flow control valve 11 will be described. 1. When the temperature of the cooling water is not more than about 40 ° C. (see FIG. 2) When the temperature of the cooling water is not more than about 40 ° C., the volume of the wax in the temperature sensing part 114 a is reduced,
Since b is contracted, the opening of the opening 114c is minimized, and the first water channel 115 (the opening 114c) is in a fully closed state.

Therefore, the cooling water flowing out of the engine 3a does not flow through the bypass circuit 10a, and
Since the heat flows into the heat storage tank 9 via the heat storage tank 5, only the high-temperature cooling water (hot water) kept warm and stored in the heat storage tank 9 is supplied to the heater core 16. 2. When the temperature of the cooling water exceeds about 40 ° C. (see FIG. 3) When the temperature of the cooling water exceeds about 40 ° C.,
As the wax in 4a expands and expands its volume, the shaft 114b expands. Therefore, the temperature sensing part 1
14a is displaced toward the coil spring 118, and the second valve body 116 is opened in the direction in which the second water passage 117 (opening 119) opens.
To move.

Therefore, the first and second waterways 115, 117
Is opened, the cooling water flowing out of the engine 3a is
The coolant flows into the heat storage tank 9 and pushes out the cooling water in the heat storage tank 9 toward the heater core 16.
And flows directly into the heater core 16. Next, features of the present embodiment will be described.

According to the present embodiment, since the heater 14 is disposed in the inflow circuit 10b on the upstream side of the cooling water flow of the heat storage tank 9, high-temperature cooling water can be supplied to the heat storage tank 9. . That is, since the high-temperature cooling water can be stored in the heat storage tank 9, the high-temperature cooling water can be supplied to the heater core 16. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently heat the vehicle interior by suppressing an increase in energy (electric power) consumed by the heater 14.

Further, since the cooling water kept warm and stored in the heat storage tank 9 is used for heating, the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the heater core 16 is stable, so that the temperature change of the air blown into the vehicle compartment can be suppressed. it can. Also, the heater 14
Is an inflow circuit 10 on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling water of the flow control valve 11, which is a branch portion between the inflow circuit 10b and the bypass circuit 10a.
Since the cooling water is disposed in the heat storage tank 9, the cooling water having a higher temperature can be supplied to the heat storage tank 9 than when the heater 14 is provided on the upstream side of the flow of the cooling water from the flow control valve 11.

As described above, the amount of heat given to the cooling water from the heater 14 per unit time decreases as the flow velocity in the inflow circuit 10b increases (see FIG. 4).
), It is necessary to appropriately set the flow rate flowing through the inflow circuit 10b and the bypass circuit 10a. FIG.
Medium, the heater efficiency η is the heat quantity (product of the temperature rise of the cooling water and the flow rate) Q ₂ given to the cooling water from the heater 14 per unit time with respect to the heating value Q ₁ of the heater 14 per unit time. It refers to the ratio (η = Q ₂ / Q ₁ × 100).

On the other hand, according to various tests and studies by the inventors, the amount of water guided to the heat storage tank 9 (flowing through the inflow circuit 10b) is approximately one fifth of the amount of water flowing through the bypass circuit 10a. Flow control valve 11 (opening 1
14c, 119). Incidentally, in the present embodiment, the flow control valve 1
When the temperature of the cooling water flowing into the flow control valve 1 exceeds 40 ° C., that is, when both the openings 114 c and 119 of the flow control valve 11 are fully opened, the amount of water flowing through the inflow circuit 10 b is reduced by the bypass circuit 10 a Is set so as to be approximately one fifth of the amount of water flowing through.

(Second Embodiment) In this embodiment, the heater 1
4 is provided integrally with the heat storage tank 9 to improve the mountability of the vehicle heating device according to the present invention on a vehicle.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the heat storage tank 9 according to the present embodiment,
The tank portion 91 in which the cooling water is kept warm is a double tank structure including an inner tank portion 91a and an outer tank portion 91b made of stainless steel, and a heat insulating space 91c is formed between the two tank portions 91a and 91b. Have been. Incidentally, in the present embodiment, the heat insulating space 91c is substantially vacuum.

Below the tank portion 91, there is formed a tubular projection 92 projecting outward from the tank portion 91 (outer tank portion 91b). An opening 93 communicating the inside and outside of the tank portion 91 is open. Reference numeral 94 denotes a resin plug which is disposed in the opening 93 so as to cover the tubular projection 92 from the outside. The plug 94 allows cooling water discharged from the engine 3 a to flow into the tank 91. And an outlet water channel 96 that guides the cooling water stored in the tank portion 91 to the outside of the tank portion 91.

It should be noted that the inlet channel 95 and the outlet channel 96
Are formed substantially concentrically so that the introduction water passage 95 is located on the outside and the outlet water passage 96 is located on the inside in the tubular projection 92. Further, the heater 14 is provided with the plug unit 9.
Among them, the cooling water flowing through the introduction water channel 95 is disposed near the joint 97 between the two tank portions 91a and 91b formed at the tip of the tubular protrusion 92.

Incidentally, O-rings 98a and 98b prevent the cooling water from leaking out of the heat storage tank 9. By the way, in the second embodiment, the heater 14 is connected to both tank portions 9.
Although it is arranged near the joint 97 of 1a and 91b, any part of the plug part 94 may be used as long as it can heat the cooling water flowing through the introduction water channel 95.

In the above-described embodiment, the heater 14 is disposed in the inflow circuit 10b downstream of the branch (flow control valve 11) between the inflow circuit 10b and the bypass circuit 10a.
An inflow circuit 10b on the upstream side of the branch (flow control valve 11),
That is, the discharge side of the engine 3a and the branch portion (the flow control valve 1
The heater 14 may be arranged between the heater 14 and 1). In the above-described embodiment, the electric heater is used as the heating element for heating the cooling water. However, a combustion heater, a viscous heater that converts mechanical energy into heat energy by stirring viscous fluid, or condensation of a heat pump cycle is used. Other heating elements such as a vessel may be used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cooling water circuit diagram of a vehicle heating device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the flow control valve when the cooling water temperature is 40 ° C. or less.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the flow control valve when the cooling water temperature exceeds 40 ° C.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a heater efficiency and a flow rate flowing into a heat storage tank.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a heat storage tank.

[Explanation of symbols]

3a: engine (internal combustion engine), 3b: electric motor, 9:
Heat storage tank, 14: electric heater (heating element), 16: heater core.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Sugi Hikari 1-1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside of Denso Corporation (72) Inventor Manabu Miyata 1-1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Prefecture Denso Corporation Inside

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A heating device for a vehicle that heats a vehicle interior by using cooling water of an internal combustion engine (3a) as a heat source, wherein a heat storage tank (9) for keeping the cooling water discharged from the internal combustion engine (3a) warm and stored. A cooling water flowing out of the heat storage tank (9); a heater core (16) for heating air blown into the vehicle interior; a discharge side of the internal combustion engine (3a); and the heat storage tank (9).
A water passage (10b) for connecting cooling water discharged from the internal combustion engine (3a) into the cooling water flow upstream of the heat storage tank (9);
A heating device for a vehicle, comprising: a heating element (14) for heating cooling water flowing through the water channel (10b). 2. A bypass water passage (10a) branching from the water passage (10b) and leading cooling water discharged from the internal combustion engine (3a) to the heater core (16) by bypassing the heat storage tank (9). Wherein the heating element (14) is disposed downstream of the branch between the water channel (10b) and the bypass water channel (10a) in the water channel (10b). The heating device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The amount of water guided to the heat storage tank (9) is approximately 5 times the amount of water flowing through the bypass water passage (10a).
The vehicle heating device according to claim 2, wherein the heating device is configured to be one-half. 4. A heat storage tank (9) that is applied to a vehicle heating device that heats a vehicle interior by using cooling water of an internal combustion engine (3a) as a heat source, and heat-retains and stores cooling water discharged from the internal combustion engine (3a). And a tank part (91) in which the cooling water is kept warm and stored; and a tank part (9) formed in the tank part (91).
An opening (93) for communicating the inside and the outside of 1); and the internal combustion engine (3a) disposed in the opening (93).
A plug portion (94) constituting an introduction water channel (95) for guiding cooling water discharged from the tank portion (91) into the tank portion (91);
An electric heater (14) for heating cooling water flowing through the heat storage tank.