JPH10181645A - Crawler, crawler vehicle and car - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a crawler belt from being detached even if rolling wheels are provided such that they can be displaced for a frame for supporting a drive wheel. SOLUTION: A triangular crawler 2 has a drive wheel 3 fixed to a rotary shaft of a car, rolling wheels 4 to 7 disposed in the back-and-forth direction under the drive wheel 3, and a crawler belt 8 wound on the wheels 3 to 7 in a triangular shape such that it is circumscribed with the wheels. A sub-frame 18 for supporting all the rolling wheels 4 to 7 is joined to a main frame 14 for supporting the drive wheel 3 via three rubber bushes 32, 33 such that it can be displaced relatively. Therefore, the rolling wheels 4 to 7 are displaced while they keep a straight arrangement. Three rubber bushes 32, 33 are arranged in a Layout forming a triangle on a plane and the front and rear two bushes are arranged such that their axial directions agree with the back-and-forth direction and one bush at the side of the center is arranged such that its axial direction agrees with the direction of width.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crawler mounted on a vehicle to improve running performance on rough terrain and the like.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a crawler in which a crawler belt is wound around a driving wheel and a plurality of rolling wheels disposed below the driving wheel, a crawler wheel, and an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There has been conventionally known a technique in which a crawler is mounted on a drive shaft of a vehicle such as an automobile instead of a tire to improve running performance on a snowy road or off-road. In particular, as a crawler for an automobile, a structure is known in which a crawler belt is wound in a substantially triangular shape around a driving wheel (sprocket) that transmits driving force to the crawler belt and a plurality of rolling wheels that mainly receive a load ( For example, JP-A-49-19535 and JP-A-4-8.
682, JP-A-6-305456, etc.).

For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4-8682 discloses FIG.
A crawler 71 shown in FIG. Crawler 71
A drive wheel 72 connected to a rotating shaft (hub) of the vehicle;
Wheels 73 and 74 arranged before and after the lower side, and both wheels 7
3 and 74, and intermediate rolling wheels 75 disposed between
The crawler belt 76 is wound in a substantially triangular shape so as to circumscribe the 〜75. Each of the rolling wheels 73 to 75 is provided in a pair on the left and right sides in the width direction, and a pair of left and right rolling wheels 73 to 7 projecting from the inner circumferential surface of the crawler belt 76 in the circumferential direction is provided.
5, the crawler belt 76 is guided by each of the rolling wheels 73 to 75.

When traveling with only one of the left and right crawlers 71 mounted on the vehicle mounted on an inclined road surface,
At the time of cornering during running, the vehicle body is inclined with respect to the road surface on which the crawler 71 touches the ground, and the crawler 71 is also inclined with respect to the road surface with the inclination of the vehicle body.
It is possible that the ground contact area of the battery decreases and the grip force decreases.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 59-13375 discloses a crawler having a structure shown in FIG. 15 which can secure a ground contact area even when the crawler is tilted left and right. In this crawler, a support shaft 82 is
A pair of left and right rolling wheels (guide wheels) 84 are supported by a mounting member (sub-frame) 83 which is mounted to be rotatable around the center. The pair of left and right wheels 84 guides the crawler belt 85 in a direction corresponding to the steering direction by sandwiching a protrusion 85 a formed on the inner peripheral surface of the crawler belt 85. Even if the crawler is inclined left and right, the mounting member 83 is supported by the support shaft 82 with respect to the frame 81.
The centering area of the crawler belt 85 is ensured by rotating the center wheel 84 and swinging the wheel 84 left and right.

[0006]

However, in a conventional crawler including a crawler shown in FIG. 15 in which a plurality of rolling wheels are displaceable with respect to a frame supporting driving wheels, each rolling wheel is individually Since it was displaceable, the posture was to be changed in different directions depending on the direction in which the external force was applied. Since the rolling wheels 84 have a function of guiding the crawler belts 85, the rolling wheels 84 are displaced separately, or one of the rolling wheels is displaced in a direction deviating from the other rolling wheels. If the displacement directions are not uniform, the guide path for guiding the projection 85a formed by the gap in the width direction of the plurality of pairs of rolling wheels 84 will partially meander. As a result, there is a problem that the rolling wheel 84 easily gets over the protrusion 85a and the crawler belt 85 easily comes off.

[0007] Further, a frame supporting the driving wheels and a frame (sub-frame) supporting each of the rolling wheels are separately provided,
A crawler in which an elastic member such as rubber or a spring is interposed between both frames is also known. However, since only a part of the rolling wheels is supported by the sub-frame, a guide path formed by a gap in the width direction of each rolling wheel to guide the protrusion of the crawler belt meanders. The structure was liable to come off.

When the crawler is steered, the crawler belt is guided in the steering direction by receiving a force from each wheel on the side surface of the projection. However, if each rolling wheel has a structure that can be displaced separately, when the external force concentrates on only a specific rolling wheel and displaces, the displaced rolling wheel hits the side surface of the projection relatively large, In particular, when the projection is made of rubber, there is a problem that the side surface of the projection is greatly worn.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and a first object of the present invention is to provide a crawler belt which can be displaced with respect to a frame on which driving wheels are supported. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crawler, a crawler car, and a car that can make the occurrence of the crawler difficult. A second object is to efficiently absorb the load in the roll direction. A third object is to simplify the work of assembling an elastic member interposed between the frame and the sub-frame. A fourth object is to efficiently absorb external forces from various directions even when a cylindrical bush is used. Also,
A fifth object is to suppress lateral displacement of the rolling wheel in the width direction and to improve the steerability of the crawler. A sixth object is to improve the durability of the cylindrical bush. And the seventh
It is an object of the present invention to increase the absorptivity of vibration from the road surface and improve the riding comfort. An eighth object is to increase the absorptivity of vibration from the road surface without impairing the durability of the cylindrical bush. A ninth object is to secure a high grip force by increasing the contact area of the crawler even during cornering in a configuration in which a crawler is mounted on a rotating shaft of a vehicle having a suspension function.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a driving wheel connected to a rotating shaft of a vehicle is arranged below the driving wheel in the front-rear direction. In a crawler provided with a plurality of rolling wheels, a crawler belt wound around the driving wheels and each of the rolling wheels, a subframe supporting all of the rolling wheels rotatably supports the driving wheels. Is mounted so as to be relatively displaceable to an existing frame via elastic means.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the crawler according to the first aspect, the elastic means has a projection on a plane at a connecting portion between the sub-frame and the frame. It has a plurality of elastic members interposed in an arrangement forming a polygon.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the crawler according to the second aspect, a connecting shaft for connecting the sub-frame and the frame is inserted through the elastic member. Cylindrical bush.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the crawler according to the third aspect, the plurality of cylindrical bushes are divided into at least two different directions according to a direction in which a load is applied. It is arranged.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the crawler according to the fourth aspect, at least one of the cylindrical bushes has a direction in which an axis orthogonal direction coincides with a width direction. Are located.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the crawler according to the fourth aspect, the plurality of cylindrical bushes have a direction in which the axis orthogonal direction coincides with the width direction, and They are arranged in at least two different lateral directions, in which the direction orthogonal to the axis coincides with the front-back direction.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the crawler according to the fourth aspect, at least one of the cylindrical bushes has a longitudinal direction whose axial direction coincides with the vertical direction. Are located.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the crawler according to the seventh aspect, when the load in the vertical direction which the vertical cylindrical bush bears is equal to or more than a predetermined value, the cylindrical crawler is rotated. Deformation suppression means is provided for suppressing the axial deformation of the bush relatively small.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the crawler wheel is provided with the crawler according to any one of the first to eighth aspects on the rotating shaft. In order to achieve the ninth object, according to the invention set forth in claim 10, the automobile is provided with a suspension mechanism capable of displacing the rotating shaft with respect to the vehicle body, wherein the suspension mechanism is provided in any one of claims 1 to 8. Is mounted on the rotating shaft.

(Operation) Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the rotating shaft of the vehicle rotates, and the driving wheels connected thereto rotate, whereby the driving wheels and the driving wheels are arranged below and in the front-rear direction. The crawler belt wound around the plurality of rotating wheels rotates, and the crawler runs and rotates. When an external force is applied to the wheel through the crawler belt, the elastic means is elastically deformed, and the sub-frame is displaced relative to the frame. As a result, all the wheels supported by the common sub-frame are displaced synchronously while maintaining the linear arrangement. Therefore, since the crawler belt guide route formed by each wheel is always kept straight, the crawler belt is less likely to come off the wheel.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of elastic members are provided at a connection portion between the sub-frame and the frame.
Since the projection on the plane is interposed in an arrangement forming a polygon, it becomes possible to efficiently receive the load when each roller is displaced in the roll direction due to external force. That is,
When the sub-frame is displaced in the roll direction, the force in that direction can be efficiently absorbed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the elastic member is a cylindrical bush in which the connecting shaft for connecting the sub-frame and the frame is inserted, the sub-frame and the frame are connected by the connecting shaft. Since the elastic members are attached together during the assembling work, the assembling work is not required.
Further, even if the bush is broken because it is a cylindrical bush, the connection between the sub-frame and the frame is held by the connection shaft.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the plurality of cylindrical bushes have at least two cylindrical bushings corresponding to directions in which a load is received.
It is arranged in two different directions, and the direction in which the load is taken is shared for each cylindrical bush. Therefore, even in the case of a cylindrical bush having an anisotropic spring constant, it is possible to efficiently absorb loads in various directions.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, at least one cylindrical bush arranged in a direction in which the direction perpendicular to the axis having a large spring constant coincides with the width direction, the relative displacement of each wheel in the width direction with respect to the frame. The amount can be kept small.
Accordingly, when the crawler is steered, the wheels quickly displace and follow the change in the attitude for the steering of the frame, and the crawler is quickly guided in the steering direction, so that the steerability of the crawler is improved.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, among the plurality of cylindrical bushes, the cylindrical bush that is arranged laterally with its axis perpendicular to the width direction is improved, so that the steerability of the crawler is improved. The impact in the front-rear direction, such as when the crawler hits an obstacle, is alleviated by the cylindrical bushing arranged laterally with its axis orthogonal direction coinciding with the front-rear direction. Since all cylindrical bushings are horizontal in which the axial direction is horizontal, vertical loads are received in the direction perpendicular to the axis where the spring constant is large, so even if the vertical loads are relatively large, the life of the cylindrical bush is extended. It will extend relatively.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, at least one of the cylindrical bushings is disposed vertically in such a manner that the axial direction having a small spring constant coincides with the vertical direction. The directional vibration is efficiently absorbed by the vertical cylindrical bush. Therefore, it is difficult for the vibration from the road surface to be transmitted to the frame.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, when the external force acting in the axial direction of the vertical cylindrical bush is equal to or greater than a predetermined value,
The amount of deformation of the cylindrical bush in the axial direction is suppressed relatively small by the deformation amount suppressing means. Therefore, the amount of axial deformation of the cylindrical bush can be suppressed to a certain range,
Riding comfort is improved without impairing the durability of the cylindrical bush.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the crawler according to any one of the first to eighth aspects is mounted on the rotating shaft of the crawler wheel. The same operation as that of the invention described in any one of item 8 is obtained.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, a crawler according to any one of the first to eighth aspects is mounted on a rotating shaft of an automobile provided with a suspension mechanism for the rotating shaft. Therefore, the same operation as the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 8 can be obtained. In particular, when the vehicle is cornering or running with only one wheel on an inclined road surface, the vehicle body is inclined with respect to the road surface by the suspension mechanism.However, each rolling wheel rolls and the track and ground contact the ground. A large area is secured, and there is no fear of track slippage.

[0029]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(First Embodiment) Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 7, the 4
The wheel-driven vehicle 1 is equipped with a triangular crawler 2 as a crawler instead of four tires. Car 1
Has a suspension mechanism (not shown) for tires. The structure of the four triangular crawlers 2 is symmetric on both the left and right sides of the vehicle, but has the same structure except for that.

As shown in FIG. 1, the triangular crawler 2 includes a drive wheel (sprocket) 3, a first wheel (front wheel) 4 as a wheel, and a second wheel (back wheel) as a wheel. Ring) 5
And two intermediate rolling wheels 6 and 7 as rolling wheels disposed between the front and rear rolling wheels 4 and 5, and wound around the drive wheel 3 and the rolling wheels 4 to 7 so as to form a substantially triangular shape. And a crawler belt 8 made of rubber. Each of the rolling wheels 4 to 7 is provided in a pair on the left and right in the width direction. The front and rear rolling wheels 4 and 5 have the same diameter, and the two intermediate rolling wheels 6 and 7 have a slightly smaller diameter.

On the inner peripheral surface of the crawler belt 8, projections 8a are formed at a predetermined pitch over the entire circumference. A large number of teeth 3a are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the drive wheel 3 at a constant pitch that can mesh with the projection 8a. The driving force of the driving wheel 3 is the tooth 3a and the projection 8a.
Is transmitted to the crawler belt 8 through meshing with the crawler belt 8.

As shown in FIG.
A plurality of adapters 10 (6 in this embodiment) are rotatably fixed to a hub 9 as a rotation shaft provided in
) Can be fixed via bolts 11 and nuts 12. To ensure compatibility with the tires on the drive wheels 3,
Bolt holes (not shown) are formed at the same pitch as the bolt holes on the adapter 10 side.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a cylindrical support portion 13 is formed at the center of the drive wheel 3 so as to extend outward (to the right in FIG. 2). The drive wheel 3 is rotatably supported by a main frame 14 as a frame via a bearing 15 fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the support portion 13. The main frame 14 is formed to extend so as to cover a lower side surface of the drive wheel 3, and a pair of arms 14 a and 14 b extending forward and backward of the drive wheel 3, and an extension extending straight downward from a position corresponding to the support 13. 14c.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the arms 14a, 14a
b and the distal end of the extension portion 14c are provided at the respective ends thereof.
7 are formed respectively. The pair of front and rear cylinder portions 16 are formed so that their axes are parallel to the front and rear direction.
Reference numeral 7 is formed in such a direction that its axis is parallel to the width direction (the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1).

A pair of left and right rolling wheels 4 to 7 provided at predetermined intervals in the width direction are supported in common by a single substantially rectangular cylindrical sub-frame 18 having a predetermined length. , And are arranged in a line in the front-rear direction. Subframe 1
8 is a square tubular box 19 having a rear end opening, and the box 1
9, a support portion 20 slidably inserted into a rear end opening.
And At the rear of the box 19, a tension adjusting mechanism 21 for positioning the support portion 20 at a predetermined protrusion amount for adjusting the tension of the crawler belt 8 is provided. This tension adjusting mechanism 21 will be described later.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the front and rear wheels 4,
Reference numeral 5 denotes a pair of rotatable bearings 25 at both ends of support shafts 23 and 24 supported by being inserted into brackets 22 attached to the front end of the box 19 and the rear end of the support portion 20, respectively. It is provided in. Also, two intermediate wheels 6,
Numerals 7 are rotatably provided one by one via bearings 28 at both ends of support shafts 26 and 27 supported in a fitted state at predetermined distances around the center of the box body 19 at predetermined distances.

On the upper surface of the box 19, a pair of front and rear cylindrical portions 16 is provided.
A bracket 29 having a U-shape is fixed at a position opposite to the direction in which the cylindrical portion 16 can be fitted. Further, the side of the box 19 is located at a position corresponding to the cylindrical portion 17 in the front-rear direction.
A rectangular tubular support portion 30 is fixed so as to extend horizontally outward. A U-shaped bracket 31 is fixed to the upper surface of the support portion 30 in a direction in which the cylindrical portion 17 can be fitted.

The cylindrical portions 16 and 17 are provided with elastic means and a rubber bush 3 as an elastic member and a cylindrical bush.
2, 33 are press-fitted. The cylindrical portions 16 and 17 and the U-shaped brackets 29 and 31 are fitted to each other,
Bolts 3 passed through bolt insertion holes (not shown) of 9, 31
4 is inserted into the insertion holes of the rubber bushings 32 and 33, and the nut 35 is fastened on the opposite side, whereby the sub-frame 18 is connected to and supported by the main frame 14 at three places. In other words, the sub-frame 18 is connected to the main frame 14 at three places via the rubber bushes 32 and 33 so as to be relatively displaceable, so that the sub-frame 18 can be relatively displaced relative to the main frame 14 in an arbitrary direction. It has a floating structure.

As shown in FIG. 3, three rubber bushes 3
2, 33 are arranged so as to form a triangle (an isosceles triangle) on a plane. The two rubber bushings 32 arranged in the front and rear are arranged at symmetrical positions in the front and rear direction with respect to the center of gravity of the triangular crawler 2. The rubber bush 33 is disposed outside the triangular crawler 2 (on the right side in FIG. 2) at a position forming an isosceles triangle having the other two rubber bushes 32 as bases.

Since the rubber bushings 32 and 33 are substantially cylindrical in shape, the spring constant (elastic modulus) in the axial direction is relatively smaller than the spring constant in the direction perpendicular to the axis, and the rubber bushings 32 and 33 are easily deformed in the axial direction. . In this embodiment, three rubber bushes 3
By arranging the rubber bushings 2 and 33 separately in two directions having different axial directions, the load direction to be served is shared by the rubber bushes 32 and 33. That is, the pair of front and rear rubber bushings 32 press-fitted into the cylindrical portion 16 are arranged so that their axial directions coincide with the front-back direction, and the rubber bushings 33 press-fitted into the cylindrical portion 17.
Are arranged in such a direction that their axial directions coincide with the width direction. Therefore, the three rubber bushings 32 and 33 are all arranged sideways so that the axial direction is horizontal.

In the natural state where the three rubber bushings 32 and 33 are not deformed, the axes of the rolling wheels 4 to 7 are arranged in parallel with the axis of the driving wheel 3. Therefore, the relative displacement of the sub frame 18 with respect to the main frame 14 performed from this posture is performed against the elastic force of the rubber bushes 32 and 33.

Next, the tension adjusting mechanism 21 will be described. Supporting portion 2 slidably inserted into and supported by box 19
0 denotes a cam bolt 36 inserted in the box 19 in the width direction.
And two bolts 37 screwed from the upper surface of the box 19, so that the bolt 19 is positioned at two positions with respect to the box 19.

As shown in FIG. 4, the cam bolt 36 has an eccentric shaft portion 36b formed integrally with a disc-shaped cam plate 36a. A long hole 19a for inserting the shaft portion 36b of the cam bolt 36 is formed on both rear side surfaces of the box 19, and the long hole 19a can be circumscribed to the cam plate 36a on both sides sandwiching the long hole 19a in the longitudinal direction. A pair of restricting portions 38 projecting vertically at a distance are fixed. The cam bolt 36 is fastened in a state where the cam plate 36a is in contact with the pair of regulating portions 38.

The cam bolt 36 is used in a state where the shaft portion 36b is eccentric downward with respect to the cam plate 36a, and is fastened to the nut 39 by rotating in the right-hand thread direction (clockwise direction in FIG. 4). I have. Therefore, after the tension of the crawler belt 8 is adjusted, the force in the direction of inserting the support portion 20 into the box body 19 via the second rolling wheel 5 by the tension of the crawler belt 8 is:
The cam plate 36a acts as a force for rotating the cam plate 36a in a tightening direction (right-hand screw direction). Note that a scale for adjusting the tension is formed on the cam plate 36a.
The above description relates to the triangular crawler 2 disposed on the left side of the vehicle, and the triangular crawler 2 disposed on the right side of the vehicle.
Is used in a state where the shaft portion 36b is eccentric upward with respect to the cam plate 36a.

A bolt 37 is provided at the rear end of the upper surface of the box 19.
A long hole 19b is formed for inserting the hole. The support portion 20 is formed with a bolt hole 20a for screwing the bolt 37 at a position facing the elongated hole 19b so as to extend in the vertical direction.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in this triangular crawler 2, the lower edge of the driving wheel 3 is partially inserted into the gap in the width direction of the intermediate rolling wheels 6 and 7, and The wrap structure is such that the rolling wheels 6 and 7 partially overlap in a side view. With this wrap structure, the flattening of the triangular crawler 2 is realized. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the outer one of the pair of rolling wheels 5 to 7 is removed, and FIG. 2 shows the sub-frame 18 between the first rolling wheel 4 and the intermediate rolling wheel 6. 2 shows a cross section cut.

Next, the operation of the triangular crawler 2 will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, the triangular crawler 2 is mounted on the automobile 1 in exchange for four tires. That is, the triangular crawler 2 is mounted as the four wheels of the automobile 1 by attaching the driving wheel 3 to the hub 9 on which the tire is mounted by fastening the bolt 11 and the nut 12 via the adapter 10.

The tension adjustment of the crawler belt 8 is performed as follows.
When the support portion 20 is stored in the box 19,
8 is shortened, and in this state, the tooth portion 3a of the drive wheel 3 is set.
And the crawler belt 8 is wound around by engaging the projection 8a in the gap between the rolling wheels 4-7. next,
By rotating the cam bolt 36, the support portion 20 is projected from the box body 19, and the second wheel 5 is pushed rearward to adjust the tension of the crawler belt 8.

That is, first, the shaft 3 of the cam bolt 36
When the cam bolt 36 is gradually rotated counterclockwise, the support portion 20 is pushed rearward. When the tension of the crawler belt 8 becomes an appropriate value, the plate 39a is inserted into the shaft portion 36b of the cam bolt 36, and the shaft portion 36b and the nut 39 are fastened thereon. 37, the support portion 20 is fastened to the box body 19 at two places for positioning. By adding the fastening of the bolt 37, the support portion 20
Rattling of the box 19 is eliminated.

When the support portion 20 is displaced in the direction of being accommodated in the box body 19 under the pressing force of the tension of the crawler belt 8, the cam bolt 36 rotates in the right-hand thread direction and is tightened. 8 is hard to loosen.

When the clutch is engaged while the vehicle 1 is driven by the engine, the driving wheel 3 rotates integrally with the hub 9 and the driving force is applied to the crawler belt 8 through the engagement between the teeth 3a and the projection 8a. The crawler belt 8 is transmitted and rotates. Then, the automobile 1 runs by the rotational force of the crawler belt 8.

During running, an external force from the road surface is input to each of the wheels 4 to 7 via the crawler belt 8. When an external force acts on the rolling wheels 4 to 7, the sub-frame 18 is displaced relative to the main frame 14 against the elastic force of the three rubber bushes 3 due to the received force. Subframe 18 due to this relative displacement
With the change in the posture, all the wheels 4 to 7 change their postures in synchronization, so that the linear arrangement of all the wheels 4 to 7 is maintained. That is, as shown in FIG.
Guide route A of the protrusion 8a formed by the width direction gap of
However, even when the posture of the sub-frame 18 changes, it is always formed straight. Therefore, it is difficult for the rolling wheels 4 to 7 to ride on the protrusion 8a, and the crawler belt 8 is hard to come off from the rolling wheels 4 to 7.

The sub-frame 18 changes its posture in various directions depending on the direction of the external force received by the wheels 4 to 7 via the crawler belt 8. That is, the sub-frame 18 has a vertical direction, a width direction (horizontal direction), a front-rear direction, a yaw direction (rotation in a horizontal plane), a roll direction (rotation direction about the traveling direction),
Pitch direction (rotation in a vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the wheel)
The posture is changed in the six directions.

The three rubber bushings 32 and 33 are arranged in a layout that forms a triangle on the same plane (horizontal plane) at three places connecting the main frame 14 and the subframe 18. For this reason, the rubber bush 33 bears the load even when the sub-frame 18 changes its posture in the roll direction, so that a large load is hardly applied to the other two front and rear rubber bushes 32.

The rubber bushings 32, 33 are easily deformed in the axial direction having a small spring constant due to their cylindrical shape, and are not easily deformed in the direction perpendicular to the axis having a large spring constant. Therefore, by arranging the pair of front and rear rubber bushes 32 in the direction in which the axial direction coincides with the front-rear direction, and arranging the rubber bush 33 on the center side in the direction in which the axial direction coincides with the width direction, each rubber bush 32, 33 is formed. External force will be shared depending on the direction.

That is, the front and rear 2 where the axial direction is the front and rear direction
The individual rubber bushings 32 mainly receive external force in the width direction. In addition, one rubber bush 32 on the center side where the axial direction is the width direction mainly bears the external force in the front-rear direction. The external force in the vertical direction is three rubber bushes 3
2,33 will take charge.

During running, the wheels 4 to 7 vibrate in the vertical direction by picking up irregularities on the road surface through the crawler belt 8, and the sub-frame 1
8 is displaced in the vertical direction or the pitch direction, but the three rubber bushes 32, 33 absorb the vibration, so that the vibration transmitted from the sub-frame 18 to the main frame 14 can be suppressed to a small level. As a result, it is difficult for the vibration to be transmitted to the vehicle body 1a, and the riding comfort of the automobile 1 is improved.

When traveling with one of the left and right crawlers 2 on an inclined road surface, the vehicle 1
a is inclined, and the axis of the hub 9 is not parallel to the road surface. However, as shown in FIG. 5, due to the drag received by the wheels 4 to 7 from the road surface G via the crawler belt 8, the sub-frame 18
Rolls with respect to the main frame 14 so that the bottom of the crawler belt 8 is in close contact with the road surface G. Therefore, a large contact area between the crawler belt 8 and the road surface is secured, and a high grip force is secured.

The same applies to cornering travel. During cornering, due to the centrifugal force acting on the vehicle body 1a and the function of the suspension mechanism, the vehicle body 1a sinks on the outer wheel side and rises slightly on the inner wheel side,
The vehicle body 1a is inclined with respect to the road surface. But,
Even during such cornering, if the vehicle body 1a is tilted, the sub-frame 18 rolls due to the drag received from the road surface G via the crawler belt 8 through the crawler belt 8 as shown in FIG. A large ground contact area is secured. Therefore, a high grip force is ensured even when cornering.

Also, the handle is turned off and the triangular crawler 2
Is steered, the front and rear two rubber bushings 32 (the direction in which the axis perpendicular to the axis having a large spring constant coincides with the width direction) suppress the displacement of the sub frame 18 with respect to the main frame 14 in the width direction and the yaw direction. Therefore, when the attitude of the main frame 14 changes due to the steering of the steering wheel, the attitude of the sub-frame 18 changes without delay. That is, since each of the rolling wheels 4 to 7 changes the direction without delay following the change in the direction of the driving wheel 3 during steering, the steering response is improved. Therefore, the triangular crawler 2 has good responsiveness to the change in the direction of the crawler belt 8 when the steering wheel is turned and has good steering characteristics.

Further, during steering, a force is applied to the side surface of the protruding portion 8a of the crawler belt 8 from the rolling wheels 4-7.
Since a force is uniformly applied to a, the abrasion on the side surface of the projection 8a is reduced. Also, when an external force from the road surface is input to the wheels 4 to 7 via the crawler belt 8, all the wheels 4 to
Since the force applied to the projection 8a from each of the rolling wheels 4 to 7 is dispersed by the synchronous displacement of the projection 7 by the external force, the abrasion of the side surface of the projection 8a is reduced from this point as well.

Further, a vertical load supporting the vehicle weight acts relatively large on the triangular crawler 2, but all of the three rubber bushes 32, 33 are arranged sideways so that the axial directions coincide with the horizontal direction. Since a vertical load is applied in the direction perpendicular to the axis having a large constant, even if a large load is applied in the vertical direction, the load hardly deteriorates, and the service life thereof is extended.

Further, since the rubber bush 32 made of rubber is employed as an elastic component interposed between the main frame 14 and the sub-frame 18, there is no fear of resonance which is a problem with a metal spring. Riding comfort is improved from the point of view.

When the triangular crawler 2 receives an impact in the front-rear direction, the impact force is applied to two front and rear rubber bushes 3.
The triangular crawler 2 swings around the hub 9 to release the impact force when it receives an impact force in the front-rear direction. No excessive load is applied.

As described in detail above, the present embodiment has the following advantages. (A) The sub-frame 18 supporting all of the four rolling wheels 4 to 7 is connected to the main frame 14 via three rubber bushes 32 and 33 so as to be relatively displaceable.
Since the guide path A of the protrusion 8a of the crawler belt 8 formed by the gaps of ~ 7 is always formed in a straight line, the crawler belt 8 can be prevented from coming off easily.

(B) Even when the vehicle body 1a is inclined with respect to the road surface G, such as when running on a sloped road or cornering, the subframe 18 rolls due to the drag received by the wheels 4 to 7 from the road surface via the crawler belt 8. By doing so, it is possible to increase the contact area between the crawler belt 8 and the road surface, and it is possible to secure a relatively high gripping force even on uneven terrain or on a snowy road. Also,
Even if the camber angle is set in the hub 9 of the automobile 1, the sub-frame 18 rolls by the camber angle when the triangular crawler 2 is mounted in place of the tire, so that the entire bottom of the crawler belt 8 is firmly on the road surface. Can be in close contact.

(C) Since the three rubber bushings 32 and 33 are arranged so as to form a triangle on the same plane,
It is possible to provide the triangular crawler 2 which is strong against the load in the roll direction of ~ 7.

(D) By arranging the three rubber bushes 32 and 33 separately in two different directions, even if the cylindrical rubber bushes 32 and 33 having anisotropic spring constant are used as elastic parts, To alleviate external force in the direction of.

(E) The two front and rear rubber bushes 32 are arranged in a direction in which the direction perpendicular to the axis having a large spring constant coincides with the width direction, and the displacement of the sub frame 18 with respect to the main frame 14 in the width direction and the yaw direction is suppressed to a small value. As a result, the triangular crawler 2 having good steering characteristics can be provided.

(F) One rubber bush 33 out of three
Are arranged in a direction in which the direction perpendicular to the axis having a large spring constant coincides with the front-rear direction, so that it can be made strong against impact in the front-rear direction. (G) All the rubber bushings 32 are arranged sideways so that the axial direction coincides with the horizontal direction, and a vertical load is received in a direction perpendicular to the axis having a large spring constant.
The life (life) of the device can be extended.

(H) Since the three rubber bushings 32 absorb the vibration in the vertical direction due to the unevenness of the road surface and the vibration is hardly transmitted to the vehicle body 1a, the riding comfort of the automobile 1 can be improved. (I) Since the forces from the rolling wheels 4 to 7 applied to the side surfaces of the protrusion 8a when the subframe 18 is displaced in posture are dispersed and uniformized, wear on the side surfaces of the protrusion 8a can be reduced.

(J) Since rubber (rubber bushings 32, 33) is used as an elastic component interposed between the sub-frame 18 and the main frame 14, there is no fear of resonance which is a problem when a spring is used.

(K) All the wheels 4 to 7 are set in the subframe 1
8, the sub-frame 18 is connected to the main frame 14, so that the support structure of the rolling wheels 4 to 7 is simplified, and the arrangement (layout) of the rubber bushings 32, 33 is free. The degree also increases.

(L) The rubber bush 33 on the center side is disposed outside the triangular crawler 2 on the side of the main frame 14 so that the extension 14c can be relatively short.
A structure in which a large moment is unlikely to be applied to the connection portion where the rubber bush 33 is interposed can be provided.

(Second Embodiment) Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, the connection structure between the main frame and the sub-frame in the triangular crawler 2 is different from that of the first embodiment. The same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. Only different configurations will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the main frame 40 as a frame supporting the driving wheel 3 has arms 40 a, 40 b extending in front and rear of the driving wheel 3 and corresponding to the supporting portion 13. And an extending portion 40c that extends straight downward from the position where it is to be mounted. Ends (lower ends) of arms 40a, 40b
The cylindrical portion 41 is formed so that its axis is parallel to the up-down direction, and the cylindrical portion 42 is formed at the tip (lower end) of the extension portion 40c so that its axis is parallel to the width direction. ing.

A U-shaped bracket 43 is fixed on the upper surface of the box 19 constituting the sub-frame 18 in a direction in which the cylindrical portion 41 can be fitted. A U-shaped bracket 44 is fixed to the upper surface of the support portion 30 extending from the side of the box 19 in a direction in which the cylindrical portion 42 can be fitted.

The cylindrical portions 41 and 42 constitute elastic means, and have elastic members and rubber bushings 4 as cylindrical bushings.
5, 46 are press-fitted. The cylindrical portions 41, 42 and the U-shaped brackets 43, 44 are fitted to each other, and the cylindrical portions 41, 4
2 through the rubber bushings 45 and 46 press-fitted into the bolt 3
The sub-frame 18 is floatingly supported at three positions relative to the main frame 40 by fastening and connecting the nut 4 and the nut 35.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, the three rubber bushes 45 and 46 are arranged so as to form a triangle (an isosceles triangle) on a plane. The two rubber bushes 45 arranged in the front and rear are arranged at symmetric positions in the front and rear direction with respect to the center of gravity of the triangular crawler 2. The rubber bush 46 is located outside the triangular crawler 2 (right side in FIG. 9).
It is arranged at a position forming an isosceles triangle with the rubber bush 45 as a base.

Also in the present embodiment, the three rubber bushes 45 and 46 are divided and arranged in two directions having different axial directions, so that the bearing load direction is shared by the rubber bushes 45 and 46. That is, a pair of front and rear rubber bushes 45
Is placed in a direction where its axial direction matches the vertical direction,
One rubber bush 46 at the center side is arranged in a direction in which its axial direction coincides with the width direction. The difference from the first embodiment is that the pair of front and rear rubber bushings 45 are vertically oriented with the axial direction coinciding with the vertical direction.

In this embodiment, since the pair of front and rear rubber bushes 45 arranged vertically support the vehicle weight (load) in the axial direction having a small spring constant, the rubber bush 45 repeatedly undergoes large deformation in the vertical direction. The device is devised to suppress deterioration due to receiving.

As shown in FIG. 11, a ring-shaped stopper 47 made of rubber can contact the lower surface of the cylindrical portion 41 on the upper surface of the bottom 43a of the U-shaped bracket 43 fixed to the box 19. Fixed in position. When the triangular crawler 2 is mounted on the automobile 1 (in a state where the vehicle weight is applied), a gap having a predetermined length t is formed between the stopper 42 and the lower surface of the cylindrical portion 41. . Note that the cylindrical portion 41, the rubber bush 45, the stopper 47, and the like constitute a deformation amount suppressing unit.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the load in the axial direction of the rubber bush 45 and the amount of deformation. As shown by the deformation characteristic line L in this graph, the rubber bush 45 has its shaft in the range (up to the deformation amount x = xo) until the vertical load acts and the cylinder portion 41 comes into contact with the stopper 47. Deforms based on the small spring constant in the direction. Tube part 4
When 1 is in contact with the stopper 47, the spring constant of the stopper 47 is added to the spring constant of the rubber bush 45 in the axial direction, so that the amount of deformation of the rubber bush 45 with respect to the load rapidly decreases. In addition, FIG.
9 shows a state in which the outer one of the pair is removed, and FIG.
2 shows a cross section cut between the wheel and the intermediate wheel 6.

Next, the operation of the triangular crawler 2 will be described. Similarly, also in the triangular crawler 2 of the present embodiment, since the three rubber bushes 45 and 46 are arranged so as to form a triangle on a horizontal plane, the triangular crawler 2 is strong against the load of the sub-frame 18 in the roll direction. Also, three rubber bushes 45, 4
6, the front and rear two rubber bushes 45 are mainly responsible for the vertical and width directions, and one central rubber bush 46 is mainly for the front and rear directions according to the arrangement direction. Responsible for the power of.

The external force applied to the wheels 4 to 7 from the road surface via the crawler belt 8 causes the subframe 18 to move in the rubber bushing 45 in six directions: up and down, width, front and rear, yaw, roll, and pitch. , 46 against its elastic force. With the change in the posture of the sub-frame 18, all the wheels 4 to 7 change their postures in synchronization with each other.
7 is maintained, the subframe 1
Regardless of the attitude change of 8, the guide path A of the projection 8a formed by the gap in the width direction of each of the rolling wheels 4 to 7 is always formed straight. Therefore, it is difficult for the crawler belt 8 to come off the wheels 4 to 7. During traveling, each of the rolling wheels 4 to 7 that picked up the unevenness of the road surface via the crawler belt 8 vibrates in the vertical direction, and the sub-frame 1
8 is displaced in the vertical direction or the pitch direction. This vertical vibration is caused by the longitudinal
Since the rubber bushings 45 are received in the axial direction having a small spring constant, the rubber bushings 45 are sufficiently absorbed by a large deformation. Therefore, compared to the crawler structure of the first embodiment, the vibration transmitted from the sub-frame 18 to the main frame 40 is further reduced, and the riding comfort of the automobile 1 is further improved.

Further, since the pair of front and rear rubber bushes 45 arranged vertically is repeatedly deformed in the axial direction by a relatively large vertical load, there is a concern that the rubber bush 45 may be deteriorated early. However, as shown by the deformation characteristic line L in the graph of FIG. 12, when an excessive load equal to or more than the load Po at which the cylindrical portion 41 comes into contact with the stopper 47 is applied, both the rubber bush 45 and the stopper 47 receive the load. Therefore, when the deformation amount of the rubber bush 45 exceeds a predetermined value xo, the deformation amount with respect to the load rapidly decreases as shown in the graph of FIG. Therefore, excessive deformation (excessive deformation amount) of the rubber bush 45 is avoided, and the rubber bush 4
5 is improved in durability.

Further, since the two axes of the front and rear rubber bushings 45 have a large spring constant perpendicular to the axis in the width direction, and the displacement of the sub-frame 18 in the width direction and the yaw direction can be suppressed to a small value, as in the first embodiment. , Sub-frame 1 during steering
8, the delay in following the main frame 40 is very small, and good steering performance is secured.

Also, when the vehicle body 1a is inclined with respect to the road surface, such as when running with one wheel on an inclined road surface or when cornering, the wheels 4 to 7 are transferred from the road surface via the crawler belt 8.
, The sub-frame 18 rolls with respect to the main frame 40 and the crawler belt 8 comes into close contact with the road surface G. Therefore, a large contact area between the crawler belt 8 and the road surface is secured, and a high grip force is secured.

As described in detail above, the present embodiment has the following advantages. (A) Since the two front and rear rubber bushes 45 are arranged in a direction (vertical direction) in which the axial direction coincides with the vertical direction, displacement (vibration) in the vertical direction and the pitch direction can be more efficiently absorbed, and the first embodiment is different from the first embodiment. Also, the ride comfort of the car 1 can be improved.

(B) When an excessively large load is applied in the vertical direction, the lower surface of the cylindrical portion 41 is brought into contact with the rubber bush 45 and
Since the stopper 47 for reducing the load applied to the rubber bush 45 is provided, the rubber bush 45 can be prevented from being excessively deformed,
The durability of the rubber bush 45 can be increased. As a result, even if the rubber bushing 45 is arranged vertically in order to enhance the vibration absorption, its durability is not impaired, and its life (service life) can be extended.

(C) Other effects described in the first embodiment: (a) the effect of preventing the crawler belt from coming off, (b) the effect of improving the grip force by rolling the rolling wheels with respect to the inclination of the vehicle body on running on a sloped road or cornering, and the camber angle. (C) Strong structure effect on roll load due to the polygonal arrangement of rubber bush, (d) Relaxing and sharing effect of external force by changing the direction of rubber bush, (e) Rubber bush whose axial direction coincides with width direction Steering performance improvement effect, (i) Crustal belt wear reduction effect, (j) Rubber bushing prevention effect, (k) Rubber bush layout flexibility increase effect, (L) Central bush rubber bushing outer arrangement structure Various effects, such as a moment reduction effect, can be similarly obtained from the present embodiment.

The embodiment is not limited to the above, but may be implemented in the following manner. (1) In the first and second embodiments, the plate 39a on the nut 39 side in the tension adjusting mechanism 21 is
It is not always necessary to provide it, and it may be fastened with only the nut 39. In addition, as shown in FIGS.
If the restricting portion 38 is provided on the nut 39 side and the plate is a cam plate 39b, the crawler belt 8 can be more reliably prevented from loosening. At this time, if the shaft portion 36b is eccentric downward with respect to the cam plate 36a, the shaft portion 3
6b is eccentric upward. In the drawing, Fr
Indicates the forward direction of the vehicle.

(2) The layout of the rubber bushings (elastic members) is not limited to triangles on the same plane. For example, by arranging two rubber bushes on both sides in the width direction with respect to the drive wheel 3, a configuration may be adopted in which a square is formed on the same plane together with the two rubber bushes before and after. According to this configuration, since the four rubber bushes form a quadrangle on a plane, they are more resistant to a load in the roll direction. Of course, the number of rubber bushings may be increased to five or more, and the rubber bushings may be arranged such that a pentagon or more polygons are formed on a plane. Further, it is sufficient that the rubber bush is projected so as to form a polygon on a plane. If this arrangement is satisfied, a structure that is strong against the load in the roll direction can be obtained even if all the rubber bushes are not arranged on the same plane.

(3) In the second embodiment, the stopper 4
7 need not always be provided. If high-strength rubber is used and there is no problem in durability even if it is arranged vertically, the stopper 47 may be omitted.

(4) The elastic component interposed between the sub-frame and the main frame may be replaced with a rubber such as a coil spring. For example, a coil spring can be used as a cylindrical bush through which a connection shaft (bolt) between the sub-frame and the main frame is passed. Even if a metal spring is used, it can withstand use if it is designed to prevent resonance. In addition, a spring can extend the life as compared with rubber. Of course, a structure in which rubber and a spring coexist may be used.

(5) The orientation of the rubber bushing is
The configuration is not limited to the configuration of the second embodiment, and can be changed to an appropriate direction. However, it is preferable that at least one rubber bush is arranged in a direction in which the axis orthogonal direction coincides with the width direction so that the displacement of the sub-frame 18 in the width direction can be suppressed small. Further, it is more preferable to divide the direction of the rubber bush so that the direction orthogonal to the axis of the rubber bush coincides with the width direction and the front-back direction.

(6) It is also possible to adopt a structure in which the connecting portion between the sub-frame and the main frame by bolts or the like and the mounting portion of the elastic member interposed between the sub-frame and the main frame are separately set. However, the connection using bolts or the like is a connection structure that allows relative displacement between the sub-frame and the main frame.

(7) The crawler is not limited to a triangular shape.
For example, a crawler capable of displacing the first wheel and the second wheel upward with respect to the intermediate wheel and deforming into a substantially pentagonal shape may be used.

(8) An automobile is a vehicle having a suspension function. For example, vehicles such as passenger cars, buses, and trucks are all applicable. (9) The present invention is not limited to automobiles, but may be applied to crawlers mounted on industrial vehicles such as forklifts and construction machines.

The invention, which has been grasped from the above embodiments and is not described in the claims, will be described below together with its effects. (A) The elastic member according to any one of claims 2 to 10 is rubber. According to this configuration, since the elastic member is rubber, there is no fear of resonance as in the case of using a spring.

(B) In the invention according to any one of claims 2 to 10, the polygon in which the plurality of elastic members are arranged is a triangle. According to this configuration, the minimum number of elastic members required to form the polygon is sufficient.

(C) In (b), the elastic member disposed laterally to the drive wheels in the width direction is disposed to the frame side relative to the drive wheels. According to this configuration, the extension that extends from the frame for disposing the elastic member is relatively short, and a large moment can be less likely to be applied to the extension. Therefore, a countermeasure against moment can be eliminated.

(D) At least one of the wheels located at the front and rear ends is provided so as to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to the sub-frame, and the crawler belt is provided on a fixing means for positioning the wheels on the sub-frame. Fastening means that rotates in the tightening direction by the displacement of the rolling wheel due to the pressing force caused by the tension of the roller. According to this configuration, when the rolling wheel positioned for adjusting the tension of the crawler belt is displaced in a direction in which the crawler belt is loosened along the axial direction of the subframe due to the pressing force caused by the tension of the crawler belt, the rolling wheel is moved. Since the fastening means fixed to the sub-frame rotates in the tightening direction and functions to stop the displacement of the wheel, loosening of the crawler belt can be effectively prevented. The fastening means is constituted by the cam bolt 36, and the fixing means is the cam bolt 36, the bolt 37, the restricting portion 3
8 and the like.

[0105]

As described above in detail, according to the first and ninth aspects of the present invention, the sub-frame supporting all the rolling wheels is connected to the frame supporting the driving wheels. Since the wheels are mounted so as to be relatively displaceable via the elastic means, all the wheels are displaced while maintaining the linear arrangement, and the crawler belt guide path formed by each of the wheels is always held straight, and the crawler wheels are Can be prevented from occurring.

According to the second and ninth aspects of the present invention, a plurality of elastic members are interposed at the connection points between the sub-frame and the frame so that the projection on the plane forms a polygon. The load when the rolling wheel is displaced in the roll direction can be efficiently received.

According to the third and ninth aspects of the present invention, since the elastic member is a cylindrical bush through which the connecting shaft for connecting the sub-frame and the frame is inserted, the assembling work is troublesome. It does not take.

According to the fourth and ninth aspects of the present invention, the plurality of cylindrical bushings are arranged in at least two different directions according to the direction in which the load is received, and the direction in which the load is received is determined for each cylindrical bush. Therefore, even in the case of a cylindrical bush having a shape having anisotropy in spring constant, loads in various directions can be efficiently received.

According to the fifth and ninth aspects of the present invention, at least one cylindrical bush is arranged in a direction in which the direction perpendicular to the axis having a large spring constant coincides with the width direction. Directional displacement can be kept small, and the crawler can be steerable.

According to the sixth and ninth aspects of the present invention, the cylindrical bush is divided into a horizontal direction in which the axis orthogonal direction coincides with the width direction and a lateral direction in which the axis orthogonal direction coincides with the front-back direction. Since all cylinder bushings are arranged to receive vertical load in the direction perpendicular to the axis with a large spring constant, not only can the crawler be steerable, but also the impact in the front-rear direction of the crawler can be reduced, Can extend the life of the device.

According to the seventh and ninth aspects of the present invention, the at least one cylindrical bush is arranged vertically so that its axial direction having a small spring constant coincides with the up-down direction, so that the rolling wheels can move from the road surface. Vertical vibrations that are picked up can be efficiently absorbed by the vertical cylindrical bushing, thereby improving ride comfort.

According to the eighth and ninth aspects of the present invention, when the vertical load of the vertical cylindrical bush is greater than a predetermined value, the amount of deformation of the cylindrical bush in the axial direction becomes relatively small. Since the deformation amount suppression means to suppress is provided,
The amount of deformation of the cylindrical bush in the axial direction is suppressed to a certain range, and the riding comfort can be improved without impairing the durability of the cylindrical bush.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the crawler according to any one of the first to eighth aspects is mounted on a rotating shaft of an automobile having a suspension mechanism. The same effects as the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are obtained, and in particular, when the vehicle is cornering, or when traveling with only one wheel on an inclined road surface, the vehicle body Even if the track is inclined, the rolling area of each wheel can secure a large contact area between the crawler track and the road surface, and there is no fear of the crawler track coming off.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a triangular crawler disposed on the left side of a vehicle according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partial plan view of a triangular crawler.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a tension adjusting mechanism of the crawler belt.

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view for explaining a grip force improving effect.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view for explaining the action of preventing the crawler belt from coming off.

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of an automobile equipped with a triangular crawler.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a triangular crawler disposed on the left side of the vehicle according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a partial plan view of a triangular crawler.

FIG. 11 is a schematic side view showing a deformation amount suppressing mechanism.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing deformation characteristics of a rubber bush.

FIG. 13 is a side view showing another example of a tension adjusting mechanism.

FIG. 14 is a partial side view of a crawler according to the related art.

FIG. 15 is a partial front sectional view of the crawler.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Automobile as a crawler vehicle, 2 ... Triangle crawler as a crawler, 3 ... Drive wheel, 4 ... First rolling wheel as a rolling wheel, 5 ... Second rolling wheel as a rolling wheel, 6,7 ... Intermediate rolling wheels, 8 crawler tracks, 9 hubs as rotating shafts, 14,
Reference numeral 40: a main frame as a frame; 18, a sub-frame; 32, 33, 46: a rubber bush as an elastic member and a cylindrical bush;
A bolt as a connecting shaft; 41, a cylindrical portion constituting deformation amount suppressing means; 45, a rubber bush as elastic member and a cylindrical bush, constituting elastic means and deformation amount suppressing means;
47: Stopper constituting the deformation amount suppressing means.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Shunichi Shibasaki 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Motor Corporation

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A driving wheel connected to a rotating shaft of a vehicle, a plurality of rolling wheels arranged in a front-rear direction below the driving wheel, and a crawler belt wound around the driving wheel and each rolling wheel. The crawler according to claim 1, wherein the sub-frame supporting all of the rolling wheels is relatively displaceably attached to a frame rotatably supporting the driving wheels via elastic means. 2. The elastic means according to claim 1, wherein said elastic means comprises a plurality of elastic members interposed at a connection point between said sub-frame and said frame in such an arrangement that a projection on a plane forms a polygon. Crawler. 3. The crawler according to claim 2, wherein the elastic member is a cylindrical bush through which a connecting shaft for connecting the sub-frame and the frame is inserted. 4. The crawler according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of cylindrical bushes are arranged in at least two different directions according to a direction in which a load is received. 5. The crawler according to claim 4, wherein at least one of the cylindrical bushes is arranged in a direction in which a direction perpendicular to an axis thereof coincides with a width direction. 6. The plurality of cylindrical bushings are arranged in at least two different lateral directions: a direction in which the axis orthogonal direction coincides with the width direction, and a direction in which the axis orthogonal direction coincides with the front-back direction. Item 5. A crawler according to item 4. 7. The crawler according to claim 4, wherein at least one of the cylindrical bushings is arranged in a vertical direction whose axial direction coincides with the vertical direction. 8. A deformation amount suppressing means for suppressing the amount of deformation of the cylindrical bush in the axial direction to be relatively small when a load in the vertical direction held by the vertical cylindrical bush is equal to or more than a predetermined value. Item 8. A crawler according to item 7. 9. A crawler wheel in which the crawler according to claim 1 is mounted on the rotating shaft. 10. An automobile, comprising a suspension mechanism capable of displacing the rotating shaft with respect to a vehicle body, wherein the crawler according to claim 1 is mounted on the rotating shaft.