JPH09234455A - Recycle plant for making waste into solid fuel - Google Patents

Recycle plant for making waste into solid fuel

Info

Publication number
JPH09234455A
JPH09234455A JP8069399A JP6939996A JPH09234455A JP H09234455 A JPH09234455 A JP H09234455A JP 8069399 A JP8069399 A JP 8069399A JP 6939996 A JP6939996 A JP 6939996A JP H09234455 A JPH09234455 A JP H09234455A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
crusher
separator
small
rotor
solid fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP8069399A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2859576B2 (en
Inventor
Yoshikazu Kobayashi
由和 小林
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Miike Tekkosho KK
Original Assignee
Miike Tekkosho KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Miike Tekkosho KK filed Critical Miike Tekkosho KK
Priority to JP8069399A priority Critical patent/JP2859576B2/en
Publication of JPH09234455A publication Critical patent/JPH09234455A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2859576B2 publication Critical patent/JP2859576B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To continuously crush waste, to separate useful materials such as iron and aluminum, to increase the separation accuracy of nonresident light materials rich in combustible organic matter and resilient heavy materials rich in incombustible inorganic matter and to effectively recycle the combustible organic matter as solid fuel. SOLUTION: After waste WO is crushed to about >=15cm square by a crusher 10, magnetic matter is removed by a magnetic separator 7 and aluminum is removed by an aluminum separator 20. Furthermore, by a rotor separator 30, waste W2 after the magnetic matter and aluminum are removed is separated into screened material W3, light material W4 carried to the upper end side, and heavy material W5 falling to the lower end side. The screened material W3 is subjected to pneumatic separation by a first pneumatic separator 50, and the heavy material W5 are pulverized by a pulverizer 40, and the pulverized material W6 undergoes pneumatic separation by stronger wind force in a second pneumatic separator 50'. The light material W4 and the light materials W7, W7' from both the pneumatic separators are be to a solid fuel forming device 70 and are crushed and kneaded by a spiral body, and compressed, pulverized, heated and melted in a compressing part, and then solid fuel is formed by extrusion molding in a perforated plate forming part.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、ビルディングや
家屋倒壊現場、ビル工事現場、土木工事現場、建設工事
現場、それらから出る廃棄物の処理工場、自動車破砕工
場、使用済みパチンコ台枠破砕所等から出る、例えば土
砂、ガラス屑、廃プラ、紙屑、木屑、繊維屑、金属類等
広範囲の物質が混入したシュレッダーダスト等の廃棄物
系や、穀類を主とする農産物系、家庭や事業所等から出
る残飯、果物、野菜等の有機物やプラスチックや紙、木
等の可燃物を含んだ一般廃棄物系、その他各種容器類の
破砕物等の破砕済み又は中小、粉粒混合被処理物から重
さや大きさで金属や不燃無機物を選別して取りだし、可
燃有機物を処理して固形燃料としてリサイクルする廃棄
物の固形燃料化リサイクルプラントに関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building or house collapse site, a building construction site, a civil construction site, a construction site, a waste processing factory, an automobile crushing factory, a used pachinko frame crushing station, etc. Waste systems such as shredder dust mixed with a wide range of substances such as earth and sand, glass scraps, waste plastics, paper scraps, wood scraps, fiber scraps, metals, agricultural products mainly consisting of cereals, households and business establishments, etc. Waste from food, organic waste such as fruits and vegetables, general waste system containing combustibles such as plastics, paper and trees, and crushed materials such as crushed materials of various containers, etc. The present invention relates to a solid fuel recycling plant for waste that sorts metal and non-combustible inorganic substances by size and takes them out, processes combustible organic substances and recycles them as solid fuel.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】上記のような混合廃棄物に更に手を加え
て可燃有機物と不燃無機物とに選別すると、再生固形燃
料の製造や鉄、アルミの回収等、資源のリサイクルが可
能に成り、従来の焼却処理や埋立処理に役立つばかりで
なく、有価物を得ることも出来る。再生固形燃料は、染
色や晒しの工場やクリーニング所、銭湯やヘルスセンタ
ー等のボイラーの燃料として、また石灰やセメント工
場、製鉄所等の燃料として広く利用される。これまで
に、選別されたプラスチックや紙、木等の可燃物を固形
燃料として再生しようとする装置も幾つか開発されてい
る。
2. Description of the Related Art If the mixed waste as described above is further modified and sorted into combustible organic matter and non-combustible inorganic matter, it becomes possible to recycle resources such as production of recycled solid fuel and recovery of iron and aluminum. Not only is it useful for incineration and landfill treatment, but it can also be used as a valuable resource. Regenerated solid fuel is widely used as fuel for boilers such as dyeing and bleaching factories and cleaning stations, public baths and health centers, and as fuel for lime and cement factories and steel mills. Up to now, some devices have been developed which try to recycle selected plastics, paper, wood and other combustible materials as solid fuel.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】然し近年、生活水準の
高度化や大量生産・大量消費に伴って家庭や事業所等か
ら出る一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物も量が格段に多くなり且
つ広範囲の物が混入することが多くなってきており、そ
のまま固形燃料成形機に投入したり、しいては焼却や埋
立処分も当然出来なくなっている。また、廃棄物の効率
的なリサイクルは、環境を保全して高度な生活水準を維
持して行く上での今日的な重要な課題となっている。一
方で廃棄物を取り巻く環境も変わり、1995年6月に
は「容器包装に係わる分別収集及び再商品化の促進等に
関する法律(容器包装リサイクル法)」が制定、公布さ
れ、また従来安定型とされていた廃棄物も管理型に変更
されて安易に埋立ができなくなって来ている。このよう
な生活環境の変化に伴い破砕等で生じる中小の混合被処
理物、特に混合廃棄物の分別が重要な課題となってい
る。幸いにも紙や布、プラスチック、木等の軽量物は可
燃有機物が多く、金属やガラス、石等の重量物は不燃無
機物が多い為、重量による選別を行うことでかなりの精
度で可燃有機物と不燃無機物の分別が可能である。従っ
て、廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイクルプラントにおいて重
量選別法を取り入れるのが注目されている。
However, in recent years, the amount of general waste and industrial waste generated from households and business establishments has increased significantly due to the advancement of living standards and mass production / mass consumption. Increasingly, things are mixed in, and it is no longer possible to throw them into a solid fuel molding machine as they are, or even incinerate or landfill them. In addition, efficient recycling of waste has become an important issue today in order to preserve the environment and maintain a high standard of living. On the other hand, the environment surrounding waste has changed, and in June 1995, the Law Concerning the Separate Collection of Containers and Packaging and Promotion of Recycling (Container and Packaging Recycling Law) was enacted and promulgated. The used waste has also been changed to a managed type and it is no longer possible to easily reclaim it. Separation of small and medium mixed objects to be processed, especially mixed waste, which is generated by crushing and the like due to such changes in living environment has become an important issue. Fortunately, many lightweight materials such as paper, cloth, plastic, and wood are flammable organic materials, and heavy materials such as metal, glass, and stone are mostly noncombustible inorganic materials. Incombustible inorganic substances can be separated. Therefore, it is attracting attention to adopt a weight sorting method in a solid waste recycling plant of waste.

【0004】本発明は、上記に鑑み案出されたものであ
って、残飯、野菜、果物等からプラスチックや紙、木等
の有機可燃物等も多く混入した大量の一般廃棄物、事業
廃棄物、産業廃棄物等を連続的に破砕し、空き缶や鉄筋
等の鉄やアルミニウム等の有用物も選別出来、可燃有機
物の多い非反発性軽量物と不燃無機物の多い反発性重量
物の選別精度を高め、可燃有機物を固形燃料としてリサ
イクル出来る効率的な廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイクルプ
ラントを提供することを目的としている。
The present invention has been devised in view of the above, and is a large amount of general waste and business waste in which a large amount of organic combustible materials such as plastic, paper and wood are mixed with leftover food, vegetables, fruits and the like. , Industrial waste, etc. are continuously crushed, and useful materials such as empty cans and rebars such as iron and aluminum can be sorted, and the accuracy of sorting non-repulsive lightweight substances with many combustible organic substances and repulsive heavy substances with many non-combustible inorganic substances can be improved. The object is to provide an efficient waste solid fuel recycling plant that can recycle combustible organic substances as solid fuel.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成する本発
明の請求項1記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイクルプラ
ントは、残飯、果物、野菜等の有機物やプラスチック、
紙、木等の可燃物と、小さな石や金属等の不燃物を含む
廃棄物が投入手段から供給され、略15cm角以下に破
砕する破砕機と、破砕された処理物の供給を受けて鉄等
の磁性物を除去する磁力選別機及びアルミニウムを除去
するアルミ選別機と、複数の大小の輪体を交互に軸方向
に配列した回転ロータを複数傾斜フレームの長手方向に
隣接ロータの輪体間に篩目を形成する様に配列して選別
ブロックを構成し、磁性物やアルミニウムを除去した後
の処理物を上記選別ブロック上において下端側から上端
側へ搬送力を与えるように上記ロータを回転駆動し、上
記処理物を篩目通過物と上端側へ搬送される軽量物と下
端側への転落重量物の三種類に選別するロータセパレー
ターと、該ロータセパレーターからの篩目通過物の供給
を受けて風力選別する第一風力選別機と、上記ロータセ
パレーターから選別された重量物の供給を受けて粉砕す
る粉砕機及び粉砕物を上記風力選別機とほぼ同じ構造で
あるがより強い風力で風力選別する第二風力選別機と、
上記ロータセパレーターからの軽量物と上記両風力選別
機からの軽量物の供給を受けて螺旋体で破砕混練し圧搾
部で圧縮粉砕し発熱させて溶融後に多孔板成形部で固形
燃料を押し出し形成する固形燃料成形機とから構成され
ていることを特徴としている。
A solid waste fuel recycling plant according to claim 1 of the present invention, which achieves the above object, comprises an organic substance such as leftover food, fruits and vegetables, and a plastic,
Combustible materials such as paper and wood, and waste materials containing incombustible materials such as small stones and metals are supplied from the input means, and a crusher that crushes into approximately 15 cm square or less, and iron that receives the crushed processed materials A magnetic separator for removing magnetic substances such as aluminum and an aluminum separator for removing aluminum, and a rotating rotor in which a plurality of large and small wheels are alternately arranged in the axial direction between the wheels of adjacent rotors in the longitudinal direction of the tilt frame. The sorting block is formed by arranging so as to form sieve meshes, and the rotor is rotated so as to give a conveying force from the lower end side to the upper end side on the sorting block after removing the magnetic substances and aluminum. A rotor separator that drives and sorts the above-mentioned processed material into three kinds of a sieve passing material, a lightweight material conveyed to the upper end side and a falling weight falling to the lower end side, and supply of the sieve passing material from the rotor separator. Receive wind force selection A first wind power sorter, a crusher that feeds and crushes a heavy material that has been sorted from the rotor separator, and a crushed product that has almost the same structure as the wind power sorter, but wind power is sorted by a stronger wind. A wind sorter,
Light weight from the rotor separator and light weight from the both wind sorters are supplied and crushed and kneaded by a spiral body, compressed and crushed by a compression unit to generate heat, and after melting, solid fuel is extruded and formed in a perforated plate molding unit It is characterized by being configured with a fuel molding machine.

【0006】従って、上記の構成を有した請求項1記載
の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイクルプラントでは、ゴミ袋
等に入った残飯、果物、野菜等の有機物等が、例えば金
属材やプラスチック、木材等でできた複合品や建設廃材
等の廃棄物と混合していても、それらを破砕機で破砕し
分離すると共にゴミ袋等を破って散らして分離して略1
5cm角以下の適当な大きさにして後続の選別機での選
別処理を容易にし且つ選別精度を高め、素材毎に適した
いろいろなリサイクルを可能にする。即ち、鉄系金属を
選別する磁力選別機を介設して、磁性を有した鉄系金属
を選び出すことが出来て、鉄資源回収と処理機材損耗防
止を図ることが出来、また製造時に電力を大量に消費す
るアルミニウムの資源の回収をアルミ選別機で行える。
[0006] Therefore, in the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 1 having the above-mentioned constitution, organic matter such as leftover food, fruits, vegetables, etc. in garbage bags, for example, metal materials, plastics, woods, etc. Even if it is mixed with composite products made of etc. and waste such as construction waste materials, they are crushed and separated with a crusher, and at the same time, trash bags are crushed and scattered to be separated into approximately 1
By making the size suitable for 5 cm square or less, the subsequent sorting process by the sorting machine is facilitated, the sorting accuracy is improved, and various recycling suitable for each material is enabled. In other words, a magnetic separator for selecting iron-based metals can be installed to select iron-based metals that have magnetism, to recover iron resources and prevent damage to processing equipment. The aluminum sorting machine can recover the aluminum resources that are consumed in large quantities.

【0007】次いで、傾斜ロータセパレーターは、その
複数のロータの上向きの回転で中間部上側から供給され
て来る混合被処理物を濡れたり湿っていても撹拌しなが
ら目詰まりを起こすこと無く効率的に可燃有機物が圧倒
的に多い非反発性軽量物を上方に、不燃無機物が圧倒的
に多い反発性重量物を下方にそれぞれ選別するととも
に、隣接した回転ロータの軸方向に交互に配列された大
径輪体と小径輪体とが互いに形成した篩目用間隔から粉
粒子、混合小被処理物を落下させて三種類に選別するこ
とが出来る。従って、以後の篩目通過物の粉粒子、混合
小被処理物に対する二次選別作業や反発性重量物に対す
る選別や粉砕作業を容易にする。
Next, the tilted rotor separator efficiently rotates the plurality of rotors in an upward direction without causing clogging while stirring even if the mixed objects to be processed supplied from the upper side of the intermediate portion are wet or wet. Non-repulsive lightweight materials with overwhelmingly large amounts of combustible organic materials are sorted upward, and repulsive heavy materials with overwhelmingly large amounts of non-combustible inorganic materials are sorted downward, and large diameters are arranged alternately in the axial direction of adjacent rotating rotors. The powder particles and the mixed small object to be treated can be dropped from the sieve mesh interval formed by the ring body and the small-diameter ring body to be sorted into three types. Therefore, the subsequent secondary sorting operation for the powder particles of the sieve mesh passing material and the mixed small object to be treated and the sorting operation for the repulsive heavy material and the crushing operation are facilitated.

【0008】粉砕機は、石等の無機物を除去した反発性
重量物の供給を受け、鉄やアルミ以外の非鉄金属や角材
やガラス等に付属した可燃性軽量物を裁断分離する。第
一及び第二の風力選別装置は、それぞれロータセパレー
ターからの篩目通過物と粉砕機からの粉砕物の供給を受
けて空気流の強さに応じて軽量物と重量物とに選別する
が、因みに第二風力選別装置の空気流は、第一風力選別
装置の空気流の強さより強く設定される。固形燃料成形
機は、ロータセパレーターや第一及び第二の風力選別装
置から紙、プラスチックシート、プレート、PETボト
ル片、木片等の可燃物を圧倒的に多く含む軽量物の供給
を受け、螺旋体等で破砕混練して良く混ぜ合わせし、圧
搾部で圧縮して昇温させ水分を多少含んでいても乾燥さ
せ且つプラスチックや木のリグニンを圧縮溶出してバイ
ンダーとし成形部で良質の固形燃料として適当な形にリ
サイクルすることが出来る。
The crusher is supplied with a repulsive heavy material from which inorganic substances such as stones have been removed, and cuts and separates non-ferrous metals other than iron and aluminum, flammable lightweight materials attached to squares, glass and the like. The first and second wind power sorters respectively receive the sieve mesh passing matter from the rotor separator and the crushed matter supplied from the crusher and sort into the light weight matter and the heavy weight matter according to the strength of the air flow. Incidentally, the airflow of the second wind power sorting device is set to be stronger than the strength of the airflow of the first wind power sorting device. A solid fuel molding machine receives a supply of lightweight materials such as paper, plastic sheets, plates, PET bottle pieces, and wood pieces that are overwhelmingly large in quantity from rotor separators and first and second wind power sorters, and spiral bodies, etc. Crushing and kneading with, mixing well, compressing in the pressing section to raise the temperature and drying even if it contains a little water, and compressing and eluting plastic or wood lignin to make it a binder, suitable as a good quality solid fuel in the molding section It can be recycled in any shape.

【0009】請求項2記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、上記破砕機は、周囲になぎなた状破
袋刃を備えた回転ロータとなぎなた状破袋刃に近接可能
に弾性付勢され生ゴミを入れた袋をなぎなた状破袋刃に
押しつける傾斜側板とから成る破袋機の一次破砕機と、
スクリュークラッシャーやカッター型、剪断型の二次破
砕機とから構成されている。従って、一次破砕機におい
て袋を効率的になぎなた状破袋刃で切り開いて生ゴミを
散らして他の残飯等と共に後続の選別機へ送ると共に、
二次破砕機においてソファー等の各種素材から成る複合
品でも混合廃棄物でも粗砕、細断することが出来、以後
の選別作業を精度良く行うことが出来るようにする。
In a waste solid fuel recycling plant according to a second aspect of the present invention, the crusher is elastically energized so that the rotary rotor provided with a rag-shaped crushing blade on the periphery and the rag-shaped crushing blade can be brought close to each other. A primary crusher for a bag crusher consisting of an inclined side plate that presses a bag containing dust against a rag-shaped crushing blade,
It consists of a screw crusher, a cutter type, and a shear type secondary crusher. Therefore, in the primary crusher, the bag is efficiently cut open with a rag-shaped crushing bag blade to disperse raw garbage and send it to the subsequent sorter together with other leftover food,
In the secondary crusher, it is possible to crush and shred composite products made of various materials such as sofas and mixed waste, and to make it possible to perform subsequent sorting work with high accuracy.

【0010】請求項3記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、上記粉砕機は、回転破砕刃と固定刃
と底に幅方向に隔設され格子状を成す複数の縦通固定刃
部材から成るスクリーンとから構成されているカッター
型や剪断型の粉砕機から構成されている。従って、スク
リーンを通過するまでソファー等の各種素材から成る複
合品でも混合廃棄物でも細断することが出来、以後の選
別作業を精度良く行える。特に可燃物と不燃物の分離を
的確に行うことが出来る。
In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 3, the crusher comprises a rotary crushing blade, a fixed blade, and a plurality of vertical fixed blade members which are separated from each other in the width direction in the bottom and form a lattice. It is composed of a cutter-type or shear-type crusher which is composed of a screen. Therefore, it is possible to shred a composite product made of various materials such as a sofa or a mixed waste until it passes through the screen, and the subsequent sorting work can be performed accurately. In particular, it is possible to accurately separate combustible substances and incombustible substances.

【0011】請求項4記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、上記ロータセパレーターは、選別ブ
ロックの中間部でロータを上に迫り上げて処理物を反転
させる迫り上げ部を備えており、切り開かれた袋内で固
まった生ゴミを良く解して選別ブロック上に散らして選
別精度を高めることが出来る。
In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 4, the rotor separator is provided with a push-up portion that pushes up the rotor at an intermediate portion of the sorting block to turn over the processed material, and is cut open. It is possible to improve the sorting accuracy by dissipating the raw garbage that has solidified in the bag that has been collected and scattering it on the sorting block.

【0012】請求項5記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、ロータセパレーターは、底を開放
し、中間部上面に中小被処理物の供給開口を、上端部に
非反発性軽量物の取り出し開口を且つ下端部に反発性重
量物の取り出し開口を各々有した筐体で被われており、
またその筐体の反発性重量物の取り出し開口近傍にロー
タ上面上に上昇空気流を供給する空気噴出手段を設けて
いる。従って、中小被処理物の供給、非反発性軽量物の
取り出し、反発性重量物の取り出し及び粉粒子、小形混
合物の落下をスムースに行いつつも防塵、防音を効果的
に行うことが出来、また筐体の下端部から噴き上がる上
昇空気流によって、混合被処理物の解放が促進され、非
反発性軽量物の上方への搬送が促進される。
In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to the fifth aspect, the rotor separator has an open bottom, a supply opening for small and medium objects to be processed is provided at the upper surface of the middle portion, and a non-repulsive lightweight material is taken out at the upper end. It is covered with a housing that has an opening and an opening for picking up a repulsive heavy object at the lower end,
Further, air ejection means for supplying an ascending air flow is provided on the upper surface of the rotor in the vicinity of the repulsive heavy object extraction opening of the casing. Therefore, it is possible to effectively perform dustproofing and soundproofing while smoothly supplying small and medium objects to be treated, taking out non-repulsive lightweight items, taking out repulsive heavy items and dropping powder particles and small mixtures. The rising airflow that erupts from the lower end of the housing promotes the release of the mixed processed material and the upward transportation of the non-repulsive lightweight material.

【0013】請求項6記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、上記風力選別機は、被処理物をコン
ベヤ等の搬送手段で受けてホッパーに供給し、該ホッパ
ーから小形被処理物を垂直又は傾斜した竪形分離管の中
間部へ定量供給手段で供給し、該竪形分離管の上端部に
上端部で連通した竪形サイクロン筐体内部に可変速電動
機によって回転駆動される吸引ブロワーによって負圧を
発生させ、上記竪形分離管の下端部に設けた開口を上記
吸引ブロワーの空気吸引口として該竪形分離管内に上昇
空気流を発生させ、小形重量物を自重で落下させつつ小
形軽量物を空気流によって上記サイクロン筐体内へ搬送
分離し、該下端開口を小形重量物の取り出し口とし、ま
た上記サイクロン筐体内へ搬送分離し、該下端開口を小
形重量物の取り出し口とし、また上記サイクロン筐体の
下端部に設けたロータリ弁を小形軽量物の取り出し口と
している。
In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 6, the wind power sorter receives the object to be processed by a conveying means such as a conveyor and supplies it to a hopper, and the small object is vertically fed from the hopper. Alternatively, it is supplied to the intermediate portion of the inclined vertical separation pipe by a constant amount supply means, and is sucked by a suction blower rotatably driven by a variable speed electric motor inside the vertical cyclone housing communicating with the upper end of the vertical separation pipe at the upper end. A negative pressure is generated, and an opening provided at the lower end of the vertical separation pipe is used as an air suction port of the suction blower to generate an upward air flow in the vertical separation pipe, which causes a small heavy object to drop by its own weight. A lightweight object is conveyed and separated into the cyclone casing by the air flow, and the lower end opening is used as an outlet for a small heavy object, and is conveyed and separated into the cyclone casing, and the lower end opening is taken out of a small heavy object. And mouth, also has a rotary valve provided at the lower end of the cyclone housing and outlet of the size and weight thereof.

【0014】従って、請求項6記載の廃棄物の固形燃料
化リサイクルプラントでは、上記ロータセパレーターや
粉砕機から重量物と軽量物が混合した粉粒子、小形の被
処理物は、コンベヤ等の搬送手段でホッパーへ供給さ
れ、そこから定量供給手段によって連続的に垂直又は傾
斜した竪形分離管の中間部へ定量供給されて来る。混合
小被処理物は、その竪形分離管の立ち上がり部でその開
放下端部から吸引ブロワーによって吸入されて来る空気
流の強さに応じて小形重量物が落下し、小形軽量物は空
気流によってサイクロン筐体内へ搬送されて行く。ここ
で、被処理物は可燃有機物が圧倒的に多い軽量物と不燃
無機物が圧倒的に多い重量物とに選別され、小形軽量物
は竪形サイクロン筐体の下端部のロータリ弁から、小形
重量物は竪形分離管の下端部に開口から収集される。竪
形サイクロン筐体の下端部のロータリ弁は、竪形分離管
内の空気流の強さに影響を与えずに軽量物の取り出しを
可能にする。この様に、中形混合物から粉粒子、小形混
合物にいたるまで軽量物と重量物とに選別することが出
来、選別精度を高めることが出来る。また、可変速電動
機によって吸引ブロワーの回転数を変えることで、第二
風力選別装置の竪形分離管内の上向き空気流速を第一風
力選別装置のものより速く強くするなど、小形軽量物と
小形重量物の選別分岐点を変えることが出来る。
Therefore, in the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the powder particles obtained by mixing the heavy and light substances from the rotor separator or the crusher, and the small objects to be processed are conveyed by a conveyer such as a conveyor. It is supplied to the hopper by means of a constant quantity supply means, and from there is continuously supplied to the intermediate portion of the vertical separation tube which is vertically or inclined. In the small mixed object to be processed, a small heavy object falls according to the strength of the air flow sucked by the suction blower from the open lower end at the rising part of the vertical separation tube, and a small light object is caused by the air flow. It is transported into the cyclone case. Here, the objects to be treated are sorted into lightweight items that have an overwhelmingly large amount of combustible organic substances and heavy items that have an overwhelmingly large amount of non-combustible inorganic substances, and the small lightweight items are the small weight items from the rotary valve at the lower end of the vertical cyclone casing. Items are collected from the opening at the lower end of the vertical separation tube. The rotary valve at the lower end of the vertical cyclone housing enables the removal of lightweight items without affecting the strength of the air flow in the vertical separation tube. In this way, it is possible to sort the medium-sized mixture, the powder particles, and the small-sized mixture into the light-weight material and the heavy-weight material, and it is possible to enhance the sorting accuracy. In addition, by changing the rotation speed of the suction blower with a variable speed electric motor, the upward air velocity in the vertical separation pipe of the second wind sorting device is made faster and stronger than that of the first wind sorting device. You can change the branching point for selecting items.

【0015】請求項7記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、上記風力選別機は、その上記ホッパ
ーに撹拌器を備え、その竪形分離管の下端部にジグザグ
状の屈曲部を設けるか又は螺旋体を収容しておりまた最
下端部に風量調節可動板を有しており、従って、処理物
が粉粒物でホッパー内でブリッジ現象を起こして定量供
給手段への供給が止まるのを防ぐことができる。また、
その竪形分離管の下端部にジグザグ状の屈曲部を設ける
か又は螺旋体を収容しており、処理物が上記ジグザグ状
の屈曲部や螺旋体において比較的長い摺動落下経路を移
動している間に小形軽量物と小形重量物との分離が促進
される。更に、最下端部に風量調節可動板を有してお
り、風量調節可動板によって竪形分離管下端部の通路容
積を変えて竪形分離管内の上向き空気流速を変え、小形
軽量物と小形重量物の選別分岐点を変えることが出来
る。
In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 7, the wind separator is provided with a stirrer in the hopper, and a zigzag bent portion is provided at the lower end of the vertical separation pipe. Alternatively, it contains a spiral body and has a movable plate for adjusting the air flow rate at the lowermost end. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the processed material from being a granular material and causing a bridge phenomenon in the hopper to stop the supply to the quantitative supply means. be able to. Also,
A zigzag bent portion is provided at the lower end of the vertical separation tube or a spiral is housed therein, and while the workpiece is moving along a relatively long sliding drop path in the zigzag bent portion or spiral. In addition, the separation of small and lightweight objects and small and heavy objects is promoted. Furthermore, it has a movable plate for adjusting the air volume at the lowermost end, which changes the passage volume at the lower end of the vertical separation tube to change the upward air flow velocity in the vertical separation tube, thus making it possible to reduce the size and weight. You can change the branching point for selecting items.

【0016】請求項8記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、上記吸引ブロワーは、その排気口に
バックフィルターを有しており、被処理物内に石綿や乾
燥汚泥が混入していても、小形軽量物を竪形サイクロン
筐体内で分離後に更にバックフィルターによって捕捉し
て大気汚染を防ぐことが出来る。
In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 8, the suction blower has a back filter at its exhaust port, and even if asbestos or dry sludge is mixed in the object to be treated. After separating small and lightweight items in the vertical cyclone case, it can be captured by the back filter to prevent air pollution.

【0017】[0017]

【発明の実施の形態と実施例】図1は本発明に係る再生
固形燃料の成形を主眼とした代表実施例の廃棄物の固形
燃料化リサイクルプラントの処理フローチャート、図2
は同破砕機としてのスクリュークラッシャーの平面図、
図3は同破砕機としての破袋機の縦断面図、図4は同破
袋機の部分平面図、図5は同粉砕機としてのカッター型
破砕機の縦断面図、図6は同粉砕機としてのスクリュー
クラッシャーの断面図、図7は同アルミ選別機の側面
図、図8は同ロータセパレーターと第一風力選別機の正
面図、図9は同第一風力選別機の側面図、図10は上記
ロータセパレーターの選別ブロックの要部の平面図、図
11は同ロータセパレーターのロータの側面図、図12
は同固形燃料成形機の断面図、図13は同固形燃料成形
機の水平断面図、図14は固形燃料の乾燥線図である。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION FIG. 1 is a processing flow chart of a waste solid fuel recycling plant according to a representative embodiment of the present invention, which focuses on the molding of regenerated solid fuel, and FIG.
Is a plan view of the screw crusher as the crusher,
3 is a vertical sectional view of the bag crusher as the crusher, FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of the bag crusher, FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a cutter type crusher as the crusher, and FIG. 6 is the crusher. Sectional view of a screw crusher as a machine, FIG. 7 is a side view of the aluminum sorter, FIG. 8 is a front view of the rotor separator and the first wind sorter, and FIG. 9 is a side view of the first wind sorter. 10 is a plan view of an essential part of the selection block of the rotor separator, FIG. 11 is a side view of the rotor of the rotor separator, and FIG.
Is a sectional view of the solid fuel molding machine, FIG. 13 is a horizontal sectional view of the solid fuel molding machine, and FIG. 14 is a drying diagram of the solid fuel.

【0018】図1に示す様に、廃棄物の固形燃料化リサ
イクルプラント1では、作業員によってガスの残ってい
るボンベ等の爆発性の不適物や大きな石、鉄骨等を除去
した残飯、果物、野菜等の有機物やプラスチック、紙、
木等を含む廃棄物W0がショベルローダ等の投入手段3
からスクリューフィーダ等の定量供給手段5を介して定
量供給される破砕機10とによって略15cm角以下に
破砕される。破砕された処理物W1は、磁力選別機7と
アルミ選別機20によってそれぞれ鉄等の磁性物FEと
アルミニウムALが除去される。磁性物FEやアルミニ
ウムALが除去された後の処理物W2は、ベルトコンベ
ヤ8によってロータセパレーター30に供給される。
As shown in FIG. 1, in the waste solid fuel recycling plant 1, an operator does not have explosive non-explosive substances such as a cylinder in which gas remains, large stones, leftovers from which steel or the like has been removed, fruits, Organic substances such as vegetables, plastic, paper,
Waste W0 including wood is input means 3 such as a shovel loader.
The crusher 10 is crushed to a size of about 15 cm square or less by a crusher 10 which is supplied in a fixed amount from a constant amount supply means 5 such as a screw feeder. The magnetic material FE such as iron and the aluminum AL are removed from the crushed processed product W1 by the magnetic separator 7 and the aluminum separator 20, respectively. The processed material W2 from which the magnetic material FE and the aluminum AL have been removed is supplied to the rotor separator 30 by the belt conveyor 8.

【0019】ロータセパレーター30は、上記処理物W
2を篩目通過物W3と上端側へ搬送される軽量物W4と
下端側への転落重量物W5の三種類に選別する。次い
で、ロータセパレーター30からの篩目通過物W3は、
湿ったり濡れている場合は乾燥器Dで乾燥後に、第一風
力選別機50によって軽量物W7と重量物8とに風力選
別される。他方、ロータセパレーター30から選別され
た重量物W5は、粉砕機40によって粉砕され、粉砕物
W6は、第一風力選別機50とほぼ同じ構造の第二風力
選別機50’によってより強い風力で軽量物W7’と重
量物8’とに風力選別される。ロータセパレーター30
からの軽量物W4と上記両風力選別機50、50’から
の軽量物W7、W7’は、定量供給手段61を介して固
形燃料成形機70へ供給されて固形燃料Fとして押し出
し形成される。
The rotor separator 30 is the above-mentioned processed product W.
2 is sorted into three types: a sieve mesh passing product W3, a lightweight product W4 conveyed to the upper end side, and a heavy weight product W5 falling to the lower end side. Next, the sieve mesh passing material W3 from the rotor separator 30 is
When it is wet or wet, it is dried by the dryer D, and then the first wind power sorter 50 performs wind power sorting on the lightweight material W7 and the heavy material 8. On the other hand, the heavy object W5 selected from the rotor separator 30 is crushed by the crusher 40, and the crushed object W6 is stronger and lighter by the second wind power sorter 50 'having substantially the same structure as the first wind power sorter 50. The items W7 'and heavy items 8'are sorted by wind force. Rotor separator 30
The lightweight object W4 from the above and the lightweight objects W7 and W7 ′ from the both wind power sorters 50 and 50 ′ are supplied to the solid fuel molding machine 70 through the constant amount supply means 61 and are extruded and formed as the solid fuel F.

【0020】破砕機10は、例えば図2に示すように、
ホッパー11の下方のケーシング12内部の作業室12
Aに上から下に噛み込むようにモター14Aと減速機1
4Bとで等速回転駆動される2本の破砕スクリュー13
A、13Bを水平に軸承しており、コンテナーや各種容
器等大形廃棄物を粗砕して下方から粗いスクリーンSを
通して排出するようにしている。この破砕によって金属
やプラスチック、木材などを複合材製品から分離して磁
力選別機7による選別を行い易くしている。破砕スクリ
ュー13A、13Bの外周縁には、被破砕物に対する噛
み込みを促進する各種形状の突出刃を適宜設けることが
出来る。
The crusher 10 is, for example, as shown in FIG.
Working chamber 12 inside casing 12 below hopper 11
The motor 14A and the speed reducer 1 are bitten into A from top to bottom.
Two crushing screws 13 driven by 4B at a constant speed
A and 13B are horizontally supported, and large wastes such as containers and various containers are roughly crushed and discharged from below through a coarse screen S. By this crushing, metal, plastic, wood, etc. are separated from the composite material product to facilitate the sorting by the magnetic force sorter 7. Protrusion blades of various shapes that promote biting into the crushed object can be appropriately provided on the outer peripheral edges of the crushing screws 13A and 13B.

【0021】廃棄物W0が袋や容器等に包まれている場
合は、破袋機10’としては、図3と図4に示すよう
な、下方に狭くなった処理空間16を形成する傾斜側板
付きホッパー11を有したケーシング12内で矢印R1
へ回転駆動されるロータ15と、ロータ15の長手方向
に複数組配列されたなぎなた状破袋刃15Aとから成る
ものが使用され、上記スクリュー型を二次破砕機として
その前に一次破砕機として設置することが出来る。ロー
タ15は、なぎなた状破袋刃15A間において横断した
上仕切り板17Aの中央部上で軸受Bで軸承されてい
る。上仕切り板17Aの下には、円弧面上に固定刃の縦
通材18を複数固定して粗いスクリーンSを形成した下
仕切り板17Bが設けられている。他に、破砕機として
従来からあるハンマークラッシャーやロータリプレスク
ラッシャーが廃棄物中の多い混入物に応じて適宜選択使
用される。スクリュークラッシャーは、二軸式や一軸式
もあり、回転テーパ状破砕スクリュー部やストレート破
砕スクリュー部とケーシング内面の複数の長手方向固定
刃やテーパ状部とストレート部との間のリング状固定刃
の間で破砕を行い、粉砕を省き得る大きさまで破砕する
ことが出来る。
When the waste W0 is wrapped in a bag, a container or the like, the bag breaking machine 10 'has an inclined side plate forming a processing space 16 which is narrowed downward as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. Arrow R1 in casing 12 with attached hopper 11
A rotor 15 driven to rotate and a plurality of sets of puppet-shaped crushing blades 15A arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rotor 15 are used, and the screw type is used as a secondary crusher before that as a primary crusher. Can be installed. The rotor 15 is supported by a bearing B on the central portion of the upper partition plate 17A which is traversed between the puppet-shaped bag breaking blades 15A. Below the upper partition plate 17A, there is provided a lower partition plate 17B having a rough screen S formed by fixing a plurality of fixed blade longitudinal members 18 on an arc surface. In addition, a conventional hammer crusher or rotary press crusher as a crusher is appropriately selected and used according to a large amount of contaminants in the waste. There are two screw crushers and one screw crusher.The screw crusher has a rotating taper crushing screw part or a straight crushing screw part and a plurality of longitudinal fixed blades on the inner surface of the casing, or a ring-shaped fixed blade between the tapered part and the straight part. It can be crushed in between, and crushed to a size where crushing can be omitted.

【0022】破砕された処理物W1は、ベルトコンベヤ
上で移動中にクレーンに吊られた円盤状又は櫛歯状の電
気磁石から成る磁力選別機7によって鉄等の磁性物FE
が取り出される。アルミ選別機20は、図7に示すよう
に、永久磁石式ドラム回転型アルミセパレータであっ
て、投入されたアルミニウムは良伝導体で磁力線によっ
て電磁誘導現象をおこしてうず電流を発生し、永久磁石
21を備えた高速回転ドラム22によって強力な交流磁
界を受けてアルミニウム内部に発生するうず電流と反発
し合い弾き出されることになる。即ち、アルミニウムや
プラスチックを含む廃棄物はショートストッパーを備え
た周動ループベルト23の上に供給されて、ギヤドモー
タ24で回転駆動される一方のベルトロータの永久磁石
式ドラム22において弾き出され、端排出口25からア
ルミ圧延機等へ送られ、残りの処理物W2は内側排出口
26からスクリュー式定量供給機やコンベヤ8を介して
ロータセパレーター30へ送られる。
The crushed processed material W1 is made of a magnetic material FE such as iron by a magnetic separator 7 composed of a disk-shaped or comb-shaped electric magnet suspended by a crane while moving on a belt conveyor.
Is taken out. As shown in FIG. 7, the aluminum sorter 20 is a permanent magnet type drum rotary type aluminum separator, in which the charged aluminum is a good conductor and causes an electromagnetic induction phenomenon due to a magnetic line of force to generate an eddy current, thereby generating a permanent magnet. The high-speed rotating drum 22 provided with 21 receives a strong AC magnetic field and repels the eddy current generated inside the aluminum to be ejected. That is, the waste containing aluminum or plastic is supplied onto the circular loop belt 23 having a short stopper, and is ejected by the permanent magnet type drum 22 of one belt rotor which is rotationally driven by the geared motor 24, and the end discharge is performed. From the outlet 25, it is sent to an aluminum rolling mill or the like, and the remaining processed material W2 is sent from the inner discharge port 26 to the rotor separator 30 via the screw type constant quantity feeder and the conveyor 8.

【0023】ロータセパレーター30は、図8と図10
に示す様に、大径輪体31Aと小径輪体31Bとが軸方
向に交互に配列された複数の回転ロータ31を隣接ロー
タ同士の大径輪体31Aと小径輪体31Bとを篩目用間
隔Gをおいて傾斜フレーム30A上に配列しており、中
間部上方から供給された被処理物W2に上方に送りをか
けるように各ロータ31を回転駆動装置32で回転駆動
して非反発性軽量物W4を上方に搬送し、反発性重量物
W5を下方に転落させ、混合小被処理物W3をロータ7
の大径輪体31A及び小径輪体31Bの間の篩目Gから
落下させて選別する。またロータセパレーター30は、
底を開放し、中間部上面に中小被処理物の供給開口33
Aを、上端部に非反発性軽量物の取り出し開口33Bを
且つ下端部に反発性重量物の取り出し開口33Cを各々
有した筐体33で被われており、防塵、防音が対策され
ている。また、筐体33の反発性中形重量物の取り出し
開口33C近傍上方に、ロータ上面上に上昇空気流A1
を供給する空気噴出手段33Dが設けられており、筐体
33の下端部から噴き上がる上昇空気流A1によって、
混合中小被処理物W3の解放を促進し、非反発性軽量物
W4の上方への搬送を促進する。
The rotor separator 30 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of rotating rotors 31 in which large-diameter wheel bodies 31A and small-diameter wheel bodies 31B are alternately arranged in the axial direction are used for sieving large-diameter wheel bodies 31A and small-diameter wheel bodies 31B of adjacent rotors. The rotors 31 are arranged on the inclined frame 30A with a gap G, and each rotor 31 is rotationally driven by the rotary drive device 32 so as to feed the workpiece W2 supplied from above the intermediate portion upward. The lightweight object W4 is conveyed upward, the repulsive heavy object W5 is caused to fall downward, and the small mixed object W3 is transferred to the rotor 7.
The large-diameter ring body 31A and the small-diameter ring body 31B are dropped from the sieve mesh G to be sorted. The rotor separator 30 is
The bottom is opened, and the supply opening 33 for the small and medium-sized objects is provided on the upper surface of the intermediate portion.
A is covered with a housing 33 having a non-repulsive lightweight material take-out opening 33B at the upper end and a repulsive heavy-weight take-out opening 33C at the lower end, respectively, to prevent dust and sound. In addition, an upward air flow A1 above the rotor upper surface in the vicinity of the ejection opening 33C of the repulsive medium-sized heavy object of the casing 33.
Air jetting means 33D for supplying the air is provided, and by the rising airflow A1 which is jetted from the lower end portion of the housing 33,
It promotes the release of the small processed material W3 during mixing, and promotes the upward transportation of the non-repulsive lightweight material W4.

【0024】ロータ31は、一端に回転駆動装置32を
成す歯車32Aを固定した六角軸30Cに例えば、図1
1に示すような大径輪体31Aと間隔片の小径輪体31
Bとを軸方向に交互に嵌合配列している。この大径輪体
31Aは、側面に突起31aを形成した複数の後退状フ
ィンガー31b間に薄いウエブ31cを鋸歯状に設けて
テープや紐の巻き付きを防止し、浮かせて搬送する空気
流を発生する様にしている。大径輪体31Aと小径輪体
31Bは、一体物として形成される。回転駆動装置32
は、ロータ付き歯車32A間にアイドル歯車32Bを介
在させ、モータ32Mで大径輪体32A付き歯車32A
を上記のような送りをかけるように回転駆動する様にし
ている。回転駆動装置32は、上記歯車式に替えてチェ
ーン式を採用することが出来る。また大径輪体31Aの
形状は、上記以外に色々な形状をとることが出来る。ロ
ータセパレーター30は、伸縮手段35Bによってフレ
ーム30Aごと傾斜角度が調節されるようになってい
る。
The rotor 31 has, for example, a hexagonal shaft 30C having a gear 32A forming a rotary drive device 32 fixed to one end thereof, as shown in FIG.
1A and a small-diameter wheel body 31 of a spacing piece as shown in FIG.
B and B are alternately fitted and arranged in the axial direction. This large-diameter ring body 31A is provided with a thin web 31c in a serrated shape between a plurality of receding fingers 31b having protrusions 31a formed on the side surfaces thereof to prevent tapes or cords from being wound around and to generate an air flow for floating and carrying. I am doing it. The large-diameter wheel body 31A and the small-diameter wheel body 31B are integrally formed. Rotary drive 32
Includes an idle gear 32B interposed between the rotor-equipped gears 32A, and the motor 32M includes a large-diameter wheel body 32A-equipped gear 32A.
Is rotationally driven so as to apply the above feed. The rotary drive device 32 may be of a chain type instead of the gear type. Further, the shape of the large-diameter ring body 31A can take various shapes other than the above. The tilt angle of the rotor separator 30 is adjusted by the expansion / contraction means 35B together with the frame 30A.

【0025】コンベヤ9は、ロータセパレーター30の
長手方向下方に設けられており、篩通過物の混合中小被
処理物W3を風力選別装置50へ供給する。石やブロッ
ク片、コンクリート片等の重量物W5は、ダンプカーで
運び、埋立処分され、プラスチックや紙、木等の可燃物
の多い軽量物W4は、固形燃料の原料として固形燃料形
成機70へ送られる。篩目通過物W3が残飯や破砕され
た果物や野菜等の水分の多い有機物を多く含む場合、風
力選別装置50に供給する前に適宜乾燥器Dで脱水乾燥
しておく。乾燥器Dは、例えば生石灰と水分の化学反応
で予熱出来ると共に灰分を適当に増やして高すぎる嫌い
のあるプラスチックを含む固形燃料の発熱量を乾燥器D
で適当に抑えることが出来るようにしている。また、生
石灰で塩化ビニル等に含まれる塩素を吸収して高温時に
塩素ガスが発生するのを防ぐことが出来る。ロータ3
1、、、が成す選別ブロックSBの中間部でロータを上
に迫り上げて処理物W2を反転させる迫り上げ部を形成
して、解しを促進して、袋や容器から内容物を効果的に
出す様に構成される。
The conveyor 9 is provided below the rotor separator 30 in the longitudinal direction, and supplies the small processed material W3 during the mixing of the sieve passing material to the wind power sorting apparatus 50. Heavy objects W5 such as stones, block pieces, and concrete pieces are transported by dump trucks and landfilled, and lightweight objects W4 with many combustible materials such as plastic, paper, and wood are sent to the solid fuel forming machine 70 as raw materials for solid fuel. To be When the sieve mesh passing material W3 contains a large amount of organic matter having high water content such as leftover food and crushed fruits and vegetables, it is appropriately dehydrated and dried in the dryer D before being supplied to the wind power sorting device 50. The dryer D can be preheated, for example, by a chemical reaction between quick lime and water, and can appropriately increase the ash content to increase the calorific value of solid fuel containing plastic that is too high to dislike.
So that it can be suppressed appropriately. Further, it is possible to prevent chlorine gas from being generated at high temperature by absorbing chlorine contained in vinyl chloride or the like with quicklime. Rotor 3
By forming a push-up portion that pushes up the rotor and inverts the processed material W2 at the intermediate portion of the selection block SB formed by 1, ..., To promote the unraveling and to effectively remove the contents from the bag or container. It is configured to output to.

【0026】風力選別装置50は、図8及び図9に示す
様に、混合粉粒、小被処理物W3がコンベヤ9によって
上方から供給されるホッパー51と、該ホッパー51か
ら混合粉粒、小被処理物W3を垂直な竪形分離管52の
中間部52Aへ定量供給する略水平な供給手段53と、
竪形分離管52の上端部に上端部で連通し且つ内部に負
圧を発生させる吸引ブロワー55を備えた竪形サイクロ
ン筐体54とから構成されており、竪形分離管52の下
端部に開口52Bを設けて吸引ブロワー55の空気吸引
口として竪形分離管52内に上昇空気流A2を発生さ
せ、小形重量物W8を自重で落下させ且つ小形軽量物W
7を空気流A2によってサイクロン筐体54内へ搬送分
離し、下端開口52Bを重量物W8の取り出し口とし、
またサイクロン筐体54の下端部に軽量物W7の取り出
しロータリ弁56を設けている。竪形分離管52は、垂
直の他傾斜状態にも設置出来る。
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the wind power sorter 50 includes a hopper 51 to which the mixed powder particles and the small workpiece W3 are supplied from above by the conveyor 9, and the mixed powder particles and the small powder particles from the hopper 51. A substantially horizontal supply means 53 for quantitatively supplying the workpiece W3 to the intermediate portion 52A of the vertical vertical separation pipe 52;
The vertical separation pipe 52 is connected to the upper end of the vertical separation pipe 52 and includes a vertical cyclone housing 54 having a suction blower 55 that generates a negative pressure inside. An opening 52B is provided to generate an ascending airflow A2 in the vertical separation tube 52 as an air suction port of the suction blower 55 to drop the small heavy object W8 by its own weight and the small lightweight object W.
7 is conveyed and separated into the cyclone casing 54 by the air flow A2, and the lower end opening 52B is used as a take-out port for the heavy load W8.
A rotary valve 56 for taking out the lightweight object W7 is provided at the lower end of the cyclone housing 54. The vertical separation tube 52 can be installed not only vertically but also in an inclined state.

【0027】ホッパー51は、フレーム50A上で略倒
角錐台形状を成し、長方形状の下端開口において水平な
直方体の外形の定量供給手段のバイブロフィーダ53の
一端部に連通している。また、垂直壁には、縦向きにス
クリュー型撹拌器57を備えており、混合粉粒、小被処
理物W3中の粉粒物でホッパー51内でブリッジ現象を
起こしてバイブロフィーダ53への供給が止まるのを防
いでいる。バイブロフィーダ53は、フレーム50A上
に水平に据え付けられおり、インバータ制御で搬送量を
広範囲に且つ容易に調整出来る加振機53Aを使用して
おり、混合粉粒、小被処理物W3を連続的に定量ずつ竪
形分離管52の中間部52Aへ送る。また中間部52A
への連結部に遮断用ゲート58を有している。供給手段
53として、他にユーラスフィーダを使用することが出
来る。
The hopper 51 has a substantially inverted truncated pyramid shape on the frame 50A, and communicates with one end of a vibrating feeder 53 which is a horizontal rectangular parallelepiped constant quantity supplying means at a lower end opening of a rectangular shape. Further, the vertical wall is provided with a screw-type stirrer 57 in the vertical direction, and the mixed powder particles and the powder particles in the small workpiece W3 cause a bridge phenomenon in the hopper 51 and are supplied to the vibro feeder 53. It prevents it from stopping. The vibro feeder 53 is horizontally installed on the frame 50A and uses an exciter 53A capable of easily adjusting the carry amount in a wide range by controlling an inverter, and continuously mixes mixed powder particles and a small workpiece W3. To the intermediate portion 52A of the vertical separation tube 52. Also, the intermediate portion 52A
A gate 58 for shutting off is provided at a connecting portion to the. As the supply means 53, a Eurus feeder may be used instead.

【0028】竪形分離管52は、バイブロフィーダ53
と接続する中間部52Aを矩形断面としており、また下
方にかけてジグザグ状の屈曲部52Dとして比較的長い
摺動落下経路を形成しており、混合粉粒、小被処理物W
3がその摺動落下経路を移動している間に良く解されて
小形重量物W8と小形軽量物W7との分離が促進され
る。竪形分離管52の下方端部を円形断面のままとして
螺旋体を収容し、上記機能を有した比較的長い摺動落下
経路を形成することもできる。更に竪形分離管52の下
端部に、ハンドル等でネジ棒を回すことでネジ棒に螺合
したナットを取り付けた風量調節可動板を平行移動して
通路容積を変えるように設けて、通過空気流速度を変え
て重量物W8と軽量物W7との選別分岐点を変えること
が出来る。
The vertical separation tube 52 is a vibro feeder 53.
The intermediate section 52A connected to the above has a rectangular cross section, and a relatively long sliding drop path is formed downward as a zigzag bent section 52D.
3 is well unraveled while moving along the sliding / falling path, and the separation of the small heavy object W8 and the small lightweight object W7 is promoted. It is also possible to form a relatively long sliding drop path having the above-mentioned function by accommodating the spiral body while leaving the lower end portion of the vertical separation tube 52 as a circular cross section. Further, at the lower end portion of the vertical separation pipe 52, a screw rod is turned by a handle or the like so that an air volume adjusting movable plate having a nut screwed to the screw rod is moved in parallel to change the passage volume. It is possible to change the selection branch point of the heavy object W8 and the light object W7 by changing the flow velocity.

【0029】竪形サイクロン筐体54は、頂端面に吸引
ブロワー55を備えた円筒部54Aと下端部に小形軽量
物W7の取り出しロータリ弁56を設けた倒円錐部54
Bとから構成されており、フレーム50A上に搭載リン
グ50Bで固定されている。竪形分離管52は、竪形サ
イクロン筐体54の上端部において接線方向で連通しお
り、分離搬送されて来た小形軽量物W7が筐体54内で
螺旋を描いて落下するようにしている。吸引ブロワー5
5としては、インバータ制御の可変速電動機55Aによ
って回転駆動され、風量の多いルーツブロワー等が使用
されており、その排気口55Bに浮遊物を回収するため
にバックフィルター(図示は省略)が設けられている。
吸引ブロワー55は、竪形分離管52の中間部52Aに
一定の軽量物分離負圧を発生させており、バイブロフィ
ーダ53による定量供給でこの一定の分離負圧が維持さ
れている。
The vertical cyclone casing 54 has a cylindrical portion 54A having a suction blower 55 on the top end surface and an inverted conical portion 54 having a rotary valve 56 for taking out the small lightweight object W7 at the lower end portion.
B, and is fixed to the frame 50A by a mounting ring 50B. The vertical separation tube 52 is tangentially connected to the upper end of the vertical cyclone housing 54 so that the small lightweight object W7 that has been separated and conveyed falls in a spiral shape inside the housing 54. Suction blower 5
As 5, there is used a roots blower or the like that is driven to rotate by a variable speed electric motor 55A controlled by an inverter and has a large air volume, and a back filter (not shown) is provided at its exhaust port 55B to collect suspended matter. ing.
The suction blower 55 generates a constant light-weight separation negative pressure in the intermediate portion 52A of the vertical separation tube 52, and this constant separation negative pressure is maintained by the constant supply by the vibro feeder 53.

【0030】かくして、混合粉粒、小被処理物W3は、
バイブロフィーダ53によって竪形分離管52の中間部
52Aに定量供給され、吸引ブロワー55によって竪形
分離管52の下端部の開口51Bから吸入されて来る上
昇空気流A2によって小形軽量物W7は竪形サイクロン
筐体54内へ搬送されて行き、小形重量物W8は自重に
よって上昇空気流A2に対抗して落下する。ここで、混
合粉粒、小被処理物W3は可燃有機物が圧倒的多い軽量
物W5と不燃無機物が圧倒的多い重量物W8とに選別さ
れ、軽量物W5はロータリ弁56から、重量物W8は竪
形分離管52の下端開口52Bから取り出される。可変
速電動機55Aの回転速度を変えたり、風量調節可動板
の開度調整を行ったり等して空気流量を変えると、重量
物W8と軽量物W7の分岐点を変えることが出来ること
は言うまでもない。運動部分としてはバイブロフィーダ
53や吸引ブロワー55が有るが、数が少なく、単調振
動や回転運動である為に、全体的に構造が簡単になり、
故障が少ない。ロータセパレーター30から落下してく
る混合粉粒、小被処理物W3も、更に重量物W8と軽量
物W7とに選別され、選別精度を高めることが出来る。
Thus, the mixed powder particles and the small workpiece W3 are
The small lightweight object W7 is vertically shaped by the rising airflow A2 that is supplied to the intermediate portion 52A of the vertical separation tube 52 in a fixed amount by the vibro feeder 53 and is sucked from the opening 51B at the lower end of the vertical separation tube 52 by the suction blower 55. The small heavy object W8 is conveyed to the inside of the cyclone casing 54, and falls due to its own weight against the rising airflow A2. Here, the mixed powder particles and the small object to be processed W3 are sorted into a lightweight product W5 having an overwhelmingly large amount of combustible organic substances and a heavy material W8 having an overwhelmingly large amount of non-combustible inorganic materials. It is taken out from the lower end opening 52B of the vertical separation pipe 52. Needless to say, the branch point between the heavy object W8 and the light object W7 can be changed by changing the air flow rate by changing the rotation speed of the variable speed electric motor 55A, adjusting the opening of the air volume adjusting movable plate, or the like. . There are vibro-feeder 53 and suction blower 55 as moving parts, but the number is small, and the structure is simple because of monotonous vibration and rotary motion.
Less failure. The mixed powder particles and the small workpiece W3 falling from the rotor separator 30 are further sorted into the heavy article W8 and the light article W7, and the sorting accuracy can be improved.

【0031】ロータセパレーター30から選別された重
量物W5は、粉砕機40によって破砕される。粉砕機4
0としては、図5に示すような二軸式剪断型のものが有
り、ある程度の大きさの粗砕された重量物W5をケーシ
ング41内で左右一対の上から下へ噛み込む回転破砕刃
42Aと対応した相手軸の突出刃43A及びスクリーン
44をなす縦通固定刃43Bとで細断していきスクリー
ン44によって所望の大きさ、例えば風力選別装置5
0’に好適な3cm角以下程度の破片を得る。粉砕機4
0としては、この図示例の二軸式剪断型の他に図4に示
されているような一軸式カッター型のものも使用され
る。ホッパーの下方のケーシング内部の作業室内にそれ
ぞれ複数の回転破砕刃と固定刃とを交互に配列してそれ
らの間で粗砕物を細断する。底には横断支持板の幅方向
に隔設され図4のものより細かな格子状を成す複数の縦
通固定刃部材から成るスクリーンを取り付けており、こ
のスクリーンによって所望の大きさの破片を得る。回転
破砕刃は、固定刃の中央部の軸受で支持された回転軸に
回転方向に位相を順次ずらして取り付けられている。回
転破砕刃の刃先側にも短固定刃が設けられる。
The heavy object W5 selected from the rotor separator 30 is crushed by the crusher 40. Crusher 4
As 0, there is a biaxial shearing type as shown in FIG. 5, which is a rotary crushing blade 42A that bites a pair of left and right upper and lower coarsely crushed heavy objects W5 of a certain size in the casing 41. With the protruding blade 43A of the mating shaft and the vertical fixed blade 43B that forms the screen 44, and the screen 44 cuts into a desired size, for example, the wind power selection device 5
Fragments of about 3 cm square or less suitable for 0'are obtained. Crusher 4
As 0, a uniaxial cutter type as shown in FIG. 4 may be used in addition to the biaxial shearing type of this illustrated example. A plurality of rotary crushing blades and a plurality of fixed blades are alternately arranged in the working chamber inside the casing below the hopper, and the coarsely crushed material is shredded between them. A screen composed of a plurality of vertical fixed blade members which are separated in the widthwise direction of the transverse support plate and which form a finer lattice than that of FIG. 4 is attached to the bottom, and the screen obtains fragments of a desired size. . The rotary crushing blade is mounted on a rotating shaft supported by a bearing at the center of the fixed blade, with the phase sequentially shifted in the rotation direction. A short fixed blade is also provided on the edge side of the rotary crushing blade.

【0032】他に、粉砕機40としては、図6に示すよ
うな二軸式又は一軸式のロータリプレスクラッシャーが
有り、回転テーパ状破砕スクリュー部45Aやストレー
ト破砕スクリュー部45Bとケーシング内面の複数の長
手方向固定刃46やテーパ状部とストレート部との間の
リング状固定刃47の間で粉砕することが出来る。
In addition, as the crusher 40, there is a biaxial type or uniaxial type rotary press crusher as shown in FIG. 6, and a rotary taper crushing screw part 45A or a straight crushing screw part 45B and a plurality of inner surfaces of the casing are provided. Grinding can be performed between the longitudinal fixed blade 46 and the ring-shaped fixed blade 47 between the tapered portion and the straight portion.

【0033】粉砕機40からの粉砕処理物W6は、上記
風力選別機50と同じ構造でより強い選別空気流を使用
する風力選別機50’で、軽量物W7’と重量物W8’
に選別される。重量物W8’は埋立処分され、軽量物W
7’は上記他の軽量物W4、W7と共に図12及び図1
3に示すような最終装置の固形燃料形成機70へ供給さ
れ、螺旋体72で破砕混練され、圧搾部73で圧縮粉砕
されて発熱し、溶融後に多孔板成形部75で固形燃料F
として押し出し形成される。より具体的に説明すると、
固形燃料形成機70は、一端部の投入口71Aから投入
されたプラスチックを含む軽量物W4、W7、W7’を
他端部の取り出し口71Bに至る長手方向にかけて搬送
しながら破砕、混練、圧縮及び粉砕を行い、摩擦や圧縮
の発熱で温度を上げ、プラスチックを溶融したりするも
ので、細長ケーシング71内の長手方向に並設され対向
方向に回転駆動される一対の回転軸70S、70Sと、
それらの各々に取り付けられた螺旋体72A、72B及
び圧搾体73A、73Bと、これらに対して所定の隙間
をとってケーシング71内に取り外し可能に付設された
耐摩耗性内張体71Cと、取り出し口71Bの固形化用
ノズル付き多孔板75とから構成されている。圧搾体
は、特に粉砕と溶解を促進する臼状圧搾部73を構成し
ている。
The crushed product W6 from the crusher 40 is a wind classifier 50 'which has the same structure as the above-mentioned wind classifier 50 and uses a stronger classified air flow, and is a lightweight object W7' and a heavy object W8 '.
To be selected. Heavy items W8 'are landfilled and light items W
7'is shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 1 together with the other lightweight objects W4 and W7.
3 is supplied to the solid fuel forming machine 70 of the final device, crushed and kneaded by the spiral body 72, compressed and crushed by the squeezing section 73 to generate heat, and after melting, the solid fuel F is melted by the perforated plate molding section 75.
Is formed by extrusion. More specifically,
The solid fuel forming machine 70 crushes, kneads, compresses, while transporting the lightweight materials W4, W7, W7 ′ containing the plastic, which have been charged from the input port 71A at one end, to the extraction port 71B at the other end while being conveyed. A pair of rotary shafts 70S, 70S that are crushed and raise the temperature by friction or heat generated by compression to melt the plastic and that are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction in the elongated casing 71 and are driven to rotate in opposite directions.
Spirals 72A, 72B and compression bodies 73A, 73B attached to each of them, a wear-resistant lining body 71C detachably attached to the inside of the casing 71 with a predetermined gap therebetween, and an outlet 71B and a perforated plate 75 with a nozzle for solidification. The squeezed body constitutes a mortar-shaped squeezed part 73 that particularly promotes pulverization and dissolution.

【0034】固形燃料成形機70では、ボイラー燃料と
して好適な固形燃料として棒状に固形化用ノズル付き多
孔板75から押し出され成形される。この固形燃料F
は、カロリーが安定し、臭やカビの発生も無くボイラー
の燃料として衛生的に有効に活用される。処理物の温度
上昇と乾燥は、図14の乾燥線図より明らかなように、
時間経過に伴い摂氏60度でほぼ水分20%になり、そ
の後同80度まで比較的早く温度上昇するが、水分はゆ
っくりと10%へ低下する。固形燃料成形機70で、発
熱量が大きくて塩素ガスが発生するおそれがある時、適
宜給水して温度上昇を抑制するように給水ラインを付設
することが出来る。
In the solid fuel molding machine 70, a solid fuel suitable as a boiler fuel is extruded and molded into a rod shape from the perforated plate 75 with a nozzle for solidification. This solid fuel F
Has stable calories and does not generate odor or mold, and is effectively used hygienically as fuel for boilers. As is clear from the drying diagram of FIG. 14, the temperature rise and the drying of the processed material are as follows.
With the passage of time, the water content becomes almost 20% at 60 degrees Celsius, and then the temperature rises relatively quickly to 80 degrees Celsius, but the water content slowly drops to 10%. In the solid fuel molding machine 70, when the calorific value is large and chlorine gas is likely to be generated, a water supply line can be provided to appropriately supply water and suppress the temperature rise.

【0035】[0035]

【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明
の請求項1記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイクルプラン
トでは、ゴミ袋等に入った残飯、果物、野菜等の有機物
等が、例えば金属材やプラスチック、木材等でできた複
合品や建設廃材等の廃棄物と混合していても、それらを
破砕機で破砕し分離すると共にゴミ袋等を破って散らし
て分離して略15cm角以下の適当な大きさにして後続
の選別機での選別処理を容易にし且つ選別精度を高め、
素材毎に適したいろいろなリサイクルを可能にする。即
ち、鉄系金属を選別する磁石式選別機を介設して、磁性
を有した鉄系金属を選び出すことが出来て、鉄資源回収
と処理機材損耗防止を図ることが出来、また製造時に電
力を大量に消費するアルミニウムの資源の回収をアルミ
選別機で行うことが出来る。
As is clear from the above description, in the solid fuel recycling plant for waste according to claim 1 of the present invention, leftover rice in a garbage bag, organic matter such as fruits, vegetables, etc. Even if it is mixed with composite materials made of metal materials, plastics, wood, etc., and construction waste materials, etc., they are crushed by a crusher to separate them, and at the same time, they are crushed by trash bags etc. The following appropriate size to facilitate the sorting process in the subsequent sorter and enhance the sorting accuracy,
Enables various recycling suitable for each material. That is, it is possible to select a ferrous metal having magnetism by interposing a magnet sorter that sorts ferrous metal, recover iron resources and prevent wear of processing equipment. The aluminum sorting machine can recover the aluminum resources that consume a large amount of water.

【0036】次いで、傾斜ロータセパレーターは、その
複数のロータの上向きの回転で中間部上側から供給され
て来る混合被処理物を濡れたり湿っていても撹拌しなが
ら目詰まりを起こすこと無く効率的に可燃有機物が圧倒
的に多い非反発性軽量物を上方に、不燃無機物が圧倒的
に多い反発性重量物を下方にそれぞれ選別するととも
に、隣接した回転ロータの軸方向に交互に配列された大
径輪体と小径輪体とが互いに形成した篩目用間隔から粉
粒子、混合小被処理物を落下させて三種類に選別するこ
とが出来る。従って、以後の篩目通過物の粉粒子、混合
小被処理物に対する二次選別作業や反発性重量物に対す
る選別や粉砕作業を容易にする。
Next, the inclined rotor separator efficiently rotates the plurality of rotors upward without causing clogging while stirring even if the mixed objects to be fed supplied from the upper side of the intermediate portion are wet or wet. Non-repulsive lightweight materials with overwhelmingly large amounts of combustible organic materials are sorted upward, and repulsive heavy materials with overwhelmingly large amounts of non-combustible inorganic materials are sorted downward, and large diameters are arranged alternately in the axial direction of adjacent rotating rotors. The powder particles and the mixed small object to be treated can be dropped from the sieve mesh interval formed by the ring body and the small-diameter ring body to be sorted into three types. Therefore, the subsequent secondary sorting operation for the powder particles of the sieve mesh passing material and the mixed small object to be treated and the sorting operation for the repulsive heavy material and the crushing operation are facilitated.

【0037】粉砕機は、石等の無機物を除去した反発性
重量物の供給を受け、鉄やアルミ以外の非鉄金属や角材
やガラス等に付属した可燃性軽量物を裁断分離する。第
一及び第二の風力選別装置は、それぞれロータセパレー
ターからの篩目通過物と粉砕機からの粉砕物の供給を受
けて空気流の強さに応じて軽量物と重量物とに選別する
が、因みに第二風力選別装置の空気流は、第一風力選別
装置の空気流の強さより強く設定される。固形燃料成形
機は、ロータセパレーターや第一及び第二の風力選別装
置から紙、プラスチックシート、プレート、PETボト
ル片、木片等の可燃物を圧倒的に多く含む軽量物の供給
を受け、螺旋体等で破砕混練して良く混ぜ合わせし、圧
搾部で圧縮して昇温させ水分を多少含んでいても乾燥さ
せ且つプラスチックや木のリグニンを圧縮溶出してバイ
ンダーとし成形部で良質の固形燃料として適当な形にリ
サイクルすることが出来る。
The crusher is supplied with a repulsive heavy substance from which inorganic substances such as stones have been removed, and cuts and separates non-ferrous metals other than iron and aluminum, flammable lightweight substances attached to squares, glass and the like. The first and second wind power sorters respectively receive the sieve mesh passing matter from the rotor separator and the crushed matter supplied from the crusher and sort into the light weight matter and the heavy weight matter according to the strength of the air flow. Incidentally, the airflow of the second wind power sorting device is set to be stronger than the strength of the airflow of the first wind power sorting device. A solid fuel molding machine receives a supply of lightweight materials such as paper, plastic sheets, plates, PET bottle pieces, and wood pieces that are overwhelmingly large in quantity from rotor separators and first and second wind power sorters, and spiral bodies, etc. Crushing and kneading with, mixing well, compressing in the pressing section to raise the temperature and drying even if it contains a little water, and compressing and eluting plastic or wood lignin to make it a binder, suitable as a good quality solid fuel in the molding section It can be recycled in any shape.

【0038】請求項2記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、破砕機が、周囲になぎなた状破袋刃
を備えた回転ロータとなぎなた状破袋刃に近接可能に弾
性付勢され生ゴミを入れた袋をなぎなた状破袋刃に押し
つける傾斜側板とから成る破袋機の一次破砕機と、スク
リュークラッシャーやカッター型、剪断型の二次破砕機
とから構成されており、一次破砕機において袋を効率的
になぎなた状破袋刃で切り開いて生ゴミを散らして他の
残飯等と共に後続の選別機へ送ると共に、二次破砕機に
おいてソファー等の各種素材から成る複合品でも混合廃
棄物でも粗砕、細断することが出来、以後の選別作業を
精度良く行えるようにする。
In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to the second aspect, the crusher is elastically biased so that the rotating rotor equipped with the rag-shaped crushing blade and the rag-shaped crushing blade can be brought close to each other. It consists of a primary crusher of a bag crusher consisting of an inclined side plate that presses the bag containing the bag against a rag-shaped crusher blade, and a screw crusher, a cutter type, and a shear type secondary crusher. Efficiently cut the bag with a rag-shaped crushing bag blade to disperse the raw garbage and send it to the subsequent sorting machine together with other leftover food etc., and also in the secondary crushing machine, it can be a composite product made of various materials such as a sofa or mixed waste It can be crushed and shredded so that subsequent sorting work can be performed accurately.

【0039】請求項3記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、粉砕機が、回転破砕刃と固定刃と底
に幅方向に隔設され格子状を成す複数の縦通固定刃部材
から成るスクリーンとから構成されているカッター型や
剪断型の粉砕機から構成されており、スクリーンを通過
するまでソファー等の各種素材から成る複合品でも混合
廃棄物でも細断することが出来、以後の選別作業を精度
良く行える。特に可燃物と不燃物の分離を的確に行うこ
とが出来る。
In a waste solid fuel recycling plant according to a third aspect of the present invention, the crusher comprises a rotary crushing blade, a fixed blade, and a plurality of vertically fixed blade members which are separated from each other in the width direction in the bottom and form a lattice. It consists of a cutter type or shear type crusher consisting of a screen, and it can shred even composite products made of various materials such as sofas and mixed waste until it passes through the screen. Work can be done accurately. In particular, it is possible to accurately separate combustible substances and incombustible substances.

【0040】請求項4記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、ロータセパレーターが、選別ブロッ
クの中間部でロータを上に迫り上げて処理物を反転させ
る迫り上げ部を備えており、切り開かれた袋内で固まっ
た生ゴミを良く解して選別ブロック上に散らして選別精
度を高めることが出来る。
In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 4, the rotor separator is provided with a push-up portion that pushes up the rotor at an intermediate portion of the sorting block to turn over the processed material, and is cut open. It is possible to improve the sorting accuracy by well dissipating the raw garbage that has solidified in the bag and scattering it on the sorting block.

【0041】請求項5記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、ロータセパレーターは、底を開放
し、中間部上面に中小被処理物の供給開口を、上端部に
非反発性軽量物の取り出し開口を且つ下端部に反発性重
量物の取り出し開口を各々有した筐体で被われており、
またその筐体の反発性重量物の取り出し開口近傍にロー
タ上面上に上昇空気流を供給する空気噴出手段を設けて
いる。従って、中小被処理物の供給、非反発性軽量物の
取り出し、反発性重量物の取り出し及び粉粒子、小形混
合物の落下をスムースに行いつつも防塵、防音を効果的
に行うことが出来、また筐体の下端部から噴き上がる上
昇空気流によって、混合被処理物の解放が促進され、非
反発性軽量物の上方への搬送が促進される。
In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to the fifth aspect, the rotor separator has an open bottom, a supply opening for small and medium objects to be processed is provided on an upper surface of an intermediate portion, and a non-repulsive lightweight material is taken out at an upper end portion. It is covered with a housing that has an opening and an opening for picking up a repulsive heavy object at the lower end,
Further, air ejection means for supplying an ascending air flow is provided on the upper surface of the rotor in the vicinity of the repulsive heavy object extraction opening of the casing. Therefore, it is possible to effectively perform dustproofing and soundproofing while smoothly supplying small and medium objects to be treated, taking out non-repulsive lightweight items, taking out repulsive heavy items and dropping powder particles and small mixtures. The rising airflow that erupts from the lower end of the housing promotes the release of the mixed processed material and the upward transportation of the non-repulsive lightweight material.

【0042】請求項6記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、上記ロータセパレーターや粉砕機か
ら重量物と軽量物が混合した粉粒子、小形の被処理物
は、コンベヤ等の搬送手段でホッパーへ供給され、そこ
から定量供給手段によって連続的に垂直又は傾斜した竪
形分離管の中間部へ定量供給されて来る。混合小被処理
物は、その竪形分離管の立ち上がり部でその開放下端部
から吸引ブロワーによって吸入されて来る空気流の強さ
に応じて小形重量物が落下し、小形軽量物は空気流によ
ってサイクロン筐体内へ搬送されて行く。ここで、被処
理物は可燃有機物が圧倒的に多い軽量物と不燃無機物が
圧倒的に多い重量物とに選別され、小形軽量物は竪形サ
イクロン筐体の下端部のロータリ弁から、小形重量物は
竪形分離管の下端部に開口から収集される。竪形サイク
ロン筐体の下端部のロータリ弁は、竪形分離管内の空気
流の強さに影響を与えずに軽量物の取り出しを可能にす
る。この様に、中形混合物から粉粒子、小形混合物にい
たるまで軽量物と重量物とに選別することが出来、選別
精度を高めることが出来る。また、可変速電動機によっ
て吸引ブロワーの回転数を変えることで、第二風力選別
装置の竪形分離管内の上向き空気流速を第一風力選別装
置のものより速く強くするなど、小形軽量物と小形重量
物の選別分岐点を変えることが出来る。
In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, powder particles and small objects to be treated, which are a mixture of heavy and light substances, and small objects to be processed from the rotor separator or the crusher are conveyed to a hopper by a conveying means such as a conveyor. And from there it is metered by a metering means into the middle of a vertical or inclined vertical separation tube. In the small mixed object to be processed, a small heavy object falls according to the strength of the air flow sucked by the suction blower from the open lower end at the rising part of the vertical separation tube, and a small light object is caused by the air flow. It is transported into the cyclone case. Here, the objects to be treated are sorted into lightweight items that have an overwhelmingly large amount of combustible organic substances and heavy items that have an overwhelmingly large amount of non-combustible inorganic substances, and the small lightweight items are the small weight items from the rotary valve at the lower end of the vertical cyclone casing. Items are collected from the opening at the lower end of the vertical separation tube. The rotary valve at the lower end of the vertical cyclone housing enables the removal of lightweight items without affecting the strength of the air flow in the vertical separation tube. In this way, it is possible to sort the medium-sized mixture, the powder particles, and the small-sized mixture into the light-weight material and the heavy-weight material, and it is possible to enhance the sorting accuracy. In addition, by changing the rotation speed of the suction blower with a variable speed electric motor, the upward air velocity in the vertical separation pipe of the second wind sorting device is made faster and stronger than that of the first wind sorting device. You can change the branching point for selecting items.

【0043】請求項7記載の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイ
クルプラントでは、上記風力選別機は、その上記ホッパ
ーに撹拌器を備えており、被処理物が粉粒物でホッパー
内でブリッジ現象を起こして定量供給手段への供給が止
まるのを防ぐことができる。また、その竪形分離管の下
端部にジグザグ状の屈曲部を設けるか又は螺旋体を収容
しており、被処理物が上記ジグザグ状の屈曲部や螺旋体
において比較的長い摺動落下経路を移動している間に小
形軽量物と小形重量物との分離が促進される。更に、最
下端部に風量調節可動板を有しており、風量調節可動板
によって竪形分離管下端部の通路容積を変えて竪形分離
管内の上向き空気流速を変え、小形軽量物と小形重量物
の選別分岐点を変えることが出来る。請求項8記載の廃
棄物の固形燃料化リサイクルプラントでは、上記吸引ブ
ロワーは、その排気口にバックフィルターを有してお
り、被処理物内に石綿や乾燥汚泥が混入していても、小
形軽量物を竪形サイクロン筐体内で分離後に更にバック
フィルターによって捕捉して大気汚染を防ぐことが出来
る。
In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 7, the wind power sorter is provided with an agitator in the hopper, and the object to be treated is a powdery substance and causes a bridge phenomenon in the hopper. It is possible to prevent the supply to the fixed amount supply means from stopping. Further, a zigzag bent portion is provided at the lower end of the vertical separation tube or a spiral body is accommodated, and the object to be processed moves along a relatively long sliding fall path in the zigzag bent portion or spiral body. During this period, the separation of the small lightweight object and the small heavy object is promoted. Furthermore, it has a movable plate for adjusting the air volume at the lowermost end, which changes the passage volume at the lower end of the vertical separation tube to change the upward air flow velocity in the vertical separation tube, thus making it possible to reduce the size and weight. You can change the branching point for selecting items. In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 8, the suction blower has a back filter at an exhaust port thereof, and is small and lightweight even if asbestos or dry sludge is mixed in the object to be treated. After separating the objects in the vertical cyclone case, they can be captured by the back filter to prevent air pollution.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明に係る再生固形燃料の成形を主眼とした
代表実施例の廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイクルプラントの
処理フローチャートである。
FIG. 1 is a processing flow chart of a waste solid fuel recycling plant according to a representative embodiment of the present invention, which mainly focuses on molding of recycled solid fuel.

【図2】同破砕機としてのスクリュークラッシャーの平
面図である。
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a screw crusher as the crusher.

【図3】同破砕機としての破袋機の縦断面図である。FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a bag crusher as the crusher.

【図4】同破袋機の部分平面図である。FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of the bag breaking machine.

【図5】同粉砕機としてのカッター型破砕機の縦断面図
である。
FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a cutter type crusher as the crusher.

【図6】同粉砕機としてのスクリュークラッシャーの断
面図である。
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a screw crusher as the crusher.

【図7】同アルミ選別機の側面図である。FIG. 7 is a side view of the aluminum sorter.

【図8】同ロータセパレーターと第一風力選別機の正面
図である。
FIG. 8 is a front view of the rotor separator and the first wind power sorter.

【図9】同第一風力選別機の側面図である。FIG. 9 is a side view of the first wind power sorter.

【図10】上記ロータセパレーターの選別ブロックの要
部の平面図である。
FIG. 10 is a plan view of an essential part of a selection block of the rotor separator.

【図11】同ロータセパレーターのロータの側面図であ
る。
FIG. 11 is a side view of a rotor of the rotor separator.

【図12】同固形燃料成形機の断面図である。FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the solid fuel molding machine.

【図13】同固形燃料成形機の水平断面図である。FIG. 13 is a horizontal sectional view of the solid fuel molding machine.

【図14】固形燃料の乾燥線図である。FIG. 14 is a drying diagram of solid fuel.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 廃棄物の固形燃料化リサイクルプラント 3 投入手段 7 磁力選別機 10 破砕機 20 アルミ選別機 30 ロータセパレーター 30A 傾斜フレーム 33 筐体 33A 処理物の供給開口 33B 非反発性軽量物の取り出し開口 33C 反発性重量物の取り出し開口 33D 空気噴出手段 40 粉砕機 50、50’ 第一風力選別機 51 ホッパー 52 竪形分離管 52A 中間部 52B 下端開口 52D 屈曲部 53 定量供給手段(バイブロフィーダ) 54 竪形サイクロン筐体 55 吸引ブロワー 55B 排気口 56 小形軽量物の取り出しロータリ弁 57 撹拌器 70 固形燃料成形機 72 螺旋体 73 圧搾部 75 多孔板成形部 A1 空気流 A2 上昇空気流 F 固形燃料 G 篩目(間隔) SB 選別ブロック W0 混合廃棄物 W1 破砕処理物 W2 処理物 W3 篩通過物 W4 軽量物 W5 重量物 W6 粉砕物 W7、W7’ 小形軽量物 W8、W8’ 小形重量物 1 Waste solid fuel recycling plant 3 Input means 7 Magnetic separator 10 Crusher 20 Aluminum separator 30 Rotor separator 30A Inclined frame 33 Enclosure 33A Treated material supply opening 33B Non-repulsive lightweight material extraction opening 33C Repulsive property Extraction opening of heavy goods 33D Air ejection means 40 Crusher 50, 50 'First wind power sorter 51 Hopper 52 Vertical separation pipe 52A Middle part 52B Lower end opening 52D Bent part 53 Quantitative supply means (vibro feeder) 54 Vertical cyclone housing Body 55 Suction blower 55B Exhaust port 56 Extraction of small and lightweight rotary valve 57 Stirrer 70 Solid fuel molding machine 72 Spiral body 73 Squeezing part 75 Perforated plate molding part A1 Air flow A2 Ascending air flow F Solid fuel G Sieve (spacing) SB Sorting block W0 Mixed waste W1 Crushed product W Treated W3 sieve flowthrough W4 lighter product W5 heavy W6 pulverized W7, W7 'size and weight thereof W8, W8' small heavy

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 FI 技術表示箇所 C10L 5/46 ZAB B09B 5/00 L ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location C10L 5/46 ZAB B09B 5/00 L

Claims (8)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 残飯、果物、野菜等の有機物やプラスチ
ック、紙、木等の可燃物と、小さな石や金属等の不燃物
を含む廃棄物が投入手段から供給され、略15cm角以
下に破砕する破砕機と、破砕された処理物の供給を受け
て鉄等の磁性物を除去する磁力選別機及びアルミニウム
を除去するアルミ選別機と、複数の大小の輪体を交互に
軸方向に配列した回転ロータを複数傾斜フレームの長手
方向に隣接ロータの輪体間に篩目を形成する様に配列し
て選別ブロックを構成し、磁性物やアルミニウムを除去
した後の処理物を上記選別ブロック上において下端側か
ら上端側へ搬送力を与えるように上記ロータを回転駆動
し、上記処理物を篩目通過物と上端側へ搬送される軽量
物と下端側への転落重量物の三種類に選別するロータセ
パレーターと、該ロータセパレーターからの篩目通過物
の供給を受けて風力選別する第一風力選別機と、上記ロ
ータセパレーターから選別された重量物の供給を受けて
粉砕する粉砕機及び粉砕物を上記風力選別機とほぼ同じ
構造であるがより強い風力で風力選別する第二風力選別
機と、上記ロータセパレーターからの軽量物と上記両風
力選別機からの軽量物の供給を受けて螺旋体で破砕混練
し圧搾部で圧縮粉砕し発熱させて溶融後に多孔板成形部
で固形燃料を押し出し形成する固形燃料成形機とから構
成されていることを特徴とする廃棄物の固形燃料化リサ
イクルプラント。
1. Wastes containing organic matters such as leftover food, fruits and vegetables, combustible materials such as plastic, paper and wood, and incombustible materials such as small stones and metals are supplied from an input means and crushed into about 15 cm square or less. Crusher, a magnetic separator that removes magnetic substances such as iron by receiving the crushed processed material, and an aluminum sorter that removes aluminum, and multiple large and small wheels are arranged alternately in the axial direction. The rotating rotors are arranged in the longitudinal direction of a plurality of inclined frames so as to form sieve meshes between the rotors of the adjacent rotors to form a sorting block, and the processed material after removing magnetic substances and aluminum is placed on the sorting block. The rotor is driven to rotate so as to apply a conveying force from the lower end side to the upper end side, and the processed product is sorted into three types of a sieve passing product, a lightweight product conveyed to the upper end side, and a heavy weight falling to the lower end side. The rotor separator and The first wind sorter that receives the supply of the sieve mesh passing material from the data separator and sorts the wind, and the crusher that receives the supply of the heavy material selected from the rotor separator and crushes the crushed product and the wind separator A second wind power sorter with the same structure but for wind power selection with stronger wind power, and a lightweight material from the rotor separator and a lightweight material supplied from both wind power separators, crushed and kneaded with a spiral and compressed in the compression section A solid fuel forming and recycling plant for waste, comprising a solid fuel forming machine for crushing and generating heat to melt and then extruding and forming solid fuel in a perforated plate forming unit.
【請求項2】 上記破砕機は、周囲になぎなた状破袋刃
を備えた回転ロータとなぎなた状破袋刃に近接可能に弾
性付勢され生ゴミを入れた袋をなぎなた状破袋刃に押し
つける傾斜側板とから成る破袋機の一次破砕機と、スク
リュークラッシャーやカッター型、剪断型の二次破砕機
とから構成されている請求項1記載のリサイクルプラン
ト。
2. The crusher comprises a rotating rotor equipped with a rag-shaped crushing blade around the crusher and a bag containing raw garbage which is elastically biased so as to be close to the knurled-shaped crushing blade and pressed against the rag-shaped crushing blade. 2. The recycling plant according to claim 1, comprising a primary crusher of a bag crusher composed of an inclined side plate, and a screw crusher, cutter type, or shear type secondary crusher.
【請求項3】 上記粉砕機は、回転破砕刃と固定刃と底
に幅方向に隔設され格子状を成す複数の縦通固定刃部材
から成るスクリーンとから構成されているカッター型や
剪断型の粉砕機から構成されている請求項1記載のリサ
イクルプラント。
3. The crusher comprises a rotary crushing blade, a fixed blade, and a screen which is composed of a plurality of vertically fixed blade members which are separated from each other in the width direction and which form a grid pattern on the bottom. The recycling plant according to claim 1, which is composed of the crusher of claim 1.
【請求項4】 上記ロータセパレーターは、選別ブロッ
クの中間部でロータを上に迫り上げて処理物を反転させ
る迫り上げ部を備えている請求項1記載のリサイクルプ
ラント。
4. The recycling plant according to claim 1, wherein the rotor separator includes a push-up portion that pushes up the rotor at an intermediate portion of the sorting block to turn over the processed material.
【請求項5】 上記ロータセパレーターは、底を開放
し、中間部上面に中小被処理物の供給開口を、上端部に
非反発性軽量物の取り出し開口を且つ下端部に反発性重
量物の取り出し開口を各々有した筐体で被われており、
その筐体の反発性重量物の取り出し開口近傍にロータ上
面上に上昇空気流を供給する空気噴出手段を設けている
請求項1記載のリサイクルプラント。
5. The rotor separator has a bottom open, a supply opening for small and medium objects to be processed is provided on an upper surface of an intermediate portion, a non-repulsive lightweight take-out opening is provided at an upper end, and a repulsive heavy article is taken out at a lower end. Covered by a housing with openings,
2. The recycling plant according to claim 1, further comprising air jetting means for supplying an ascending air stream onto the upper surface of the rotor in the vicinity of the opening for picking up the repulsive heavy object of the housing.
【請求項6】 上記風力選別機は、被処理物をコンベヤ
等の搬送手段で受けてホッパーに供給し、該ホッパーか
ら小形被処理物を垂直又は傾斜した竪形分離管の中間部
へ定量供給手段で供給し、該竪形分離管の上端部に上端
部で連通した竪形サイクロン筐体内部に可変速電動機に
よって回転駆動される吸引ブロワーによって負圧を発生
させ、上記竪形分離管の下端部に設けた開口を上記吸引
ブロワーの空気吸引口として該竪形分離管内に上昇空気
流を発生させ、小形重量物を自重で落下させつつ小形軽
量物を空気流によって上記サイクロン筐体内へ搬送分離
し、該下端開口を小形重量物の取り出し口とし、また上
記サイクロン筐体内へ搬送分離し、該下端開口を小形重
量物の取り出し口とし、また上記サイクロン筐体の下端
部に設けたロータリ弁を小形軽量物の取り出し口として
いる請求項1記載のリサイクルプラント。
6. The wind power sorter receives an object to be processed by a conveying means such as a conveyor and supplies the same to a hopper, and the small object is quantitatively supplied from the hopper to an intermediate portion of a vertical or inclined vertical separation pipe. Means, and a negative pressure is generated by a suction blower rotatably driven by a variable-speed electric motor inside a vertical cyclone housing which communicates with the upper end of the vertical separation pipe at its upper end, and the lower end of the vertical separation pipe is The opening provided in the section is used as the air suction port of the suction blower to generate a rising air flow in the vertical separation tube, and the small lightweight object is dropped by its own weight while the small lightweight object is transported and separated into the cyclone housing by the air flow. The lower end opening serves as an outlet for small heavy goods, and the lower end opening serves as an outlet for small heavy goods, and the rotary provided at the lower end of the cyclone housing. The recycling plant according to claim 1, wherein the valve serves as an outlet for the small and lightweight material.
【請求項7】 上記風力選別機は、その上記ホッパーに
撹拌器を備え、その竪形分離管の下端部にジグザグ状の
屈曲部を設けるか又は螺旋体を収容しておりまた最下端
部に風量調節可動板を有している請求項6記載のリサイ
クルプラント。
7. The wind power sorter includes a stirrer in the hopper, a zigzag bent portion is provided at a lower end portion of the vertical separation tube, or a spiral is housed, and an air flow rate is provided at a lowermost end portion. The recycling plant according to claim 6, which has an adjustable movable plate.
【請求項8】 上記吸引ブロワーは、その排気口にバッ
クフィルターを有している請求項6記載のリサイクルプ
ラント。
8. The recycling plant according to claim 6, wherein the suction blower has a back filter at its exhaust port.
JP8069399A 1996-02-28 1996-02-28 Solid waste recycling plant for waste Expired - Fee Related JP2859576B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8069399A JP2859576B2 (en) 1996-02-28 1996-02-28 Solid waste recycling plant for waste

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8069399A JP2859576B2 (en) 1996-02-28 1996-02-28 Solid waste recycling plant for waste

Publications (2)

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JPH09234455A true JPH09234455A (en) 1997-09-09
JP2859576B2 JP2859576B2 (en) 1999-02-17

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